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Background: Melanoma blood vessel metastases are very uncommon. We report the first recorded case of intravascular metastatic melanoma of the vena saphena magna., Case Report: A 74-year-old woman presented with a swelling of the upper third of her left thigh and was suspected of superficial thrombophlebitis. Two intravascular black masses were excised in the vena saphena magna. Histopathologic examination showed an endovascular metastatic melanoma positively staining for HMB45 and S-100 proteins. Acral-lentiginous melanoma of her big toe was then found. Subcutaneous lymph node and chest metastases were discovered and treatment with dacarbazine was initiated, followed by treatment with fotemustine. The patient died 21 months after the diagnosis was made., Conclusions: Only a few cases of blood vessel metastatic melanoma have been reported. We here report the first recorded case, to our knowledge, of intravascular metastatic melanoma of the vena saphena magna. Surgical exploration allowed rapid diagnosis, and histological examination confirmed the intravascular nature of a hematogenous melanoma metastasis. This case clearly illustrates the need for histologic examination of any thrombotic material.

Background: Exophiala jeanselmei is a dematiaceous fungus that may cause invasive diseases, particularly among immunocompromised hosts. Most reports mention cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions, but no case of nail involvement due to this fungus has been reported until now., Case Report: A 60-year-old man presented with hyperkeratosis and black coloration of the nails of the two thumbs and the two big toes of 4 years' duration. He was a renal transplant recipient and had been treated with prednisone and azathioprine. E. jeanselmei was present on direct examination, then isolated in cultures on repeated samplings from all pathologic nails. He was cured after 6 months of treatment with itraconazole., Commentary: We describe the first case of nail infection due to E. jeanselmei. Itraconazole, which provides a broad spectrum of action on fungal species and achieves high levels of active substance in many tissues, including the nails, appeared to be efficient upon such a nail localization of E. jeanselmei., (Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel)

Although the simultaneous transmission of either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus or HIV and hepatitis B virus from a single source has already been described, this is the first case of transmission to occur after a blow with the fist.

Background: Mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous tumefaction with presence of grains or granules. Etiological agents include bacteria or filamentous fungi. Mycetoma due to dermatophytes is uncommon, mainly occurring in Africa. To our knowledge, no case has been reported in the West Indies. Only two observations of Micosporum canis mycetoma in humans have been reported in the literature. We report a third case of mycetoma of the scalp caused by this fungus., Case Report: A 22-year-old woman from Martinique, French West Indies, presented with an indolent tumefaction of the scalp evolving over five years. She had mental retardation due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The lesion was extracted surgically. Pathology and mycology examinations showed features of Microsporum canis mycetoma. Two months later, the scalp lesion recurred and the patient was treated with griseofulvin after surgical extraction., Discussion: Mycetoma due to dermatophytes is very uncommon, mainly observed on the scalp and nape of the neck. A history of a skin lesion is frequent, leading to transcutaneous penetration of the fungus and mycetoma formation. Several dermatophyte species have been identified as causal agents (Microsporum ferrugineum, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum langeronii). Microsporum canis is rarely demonstrated in humans: two cases in children in Africa and Australia. Our observation was similar to the two cases in the literature: indolent and mobile tumefaction of the scalp, in a child or young adult, suggestive of lipoma or epidermal cyst, with excision leading to diagnosis. Association with tinea capitis and skin or nail involvement can also be observed.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of the recently described (1985) entity macular confluent progressive hypomelanosis in black subjects of mixed ethnic origin, also called creole dyschromia is unknown. Patients are generally black adults of mixed ethnic origin and present with hypopigmented maculae located asymmetrically in unexposed areas. The mechanism appears to be a phenotypic modification of produced melanosomes. The cases published to date do not provide clear epidemiological data., Materials and Methods: We took histories and examined 511 patients in the French West Indies (Martinique) during systematic screening for leprosy. Observations included presence or absence of creole dyschromia, the intensity of the depigmentation. History reports included chronology of the lesions and factors affecting disease course., Results: One-hundred twenty-one cases of dyschromia were identified, often with few clinical signs. Creole dyschromia was found in one-third of the examined subjects between the age of 17 and 48 years and appeared to be more exception outside this age range. More men than women were found to have the disease and the duration of the clinical course was about 25 years. Clearer skin appeared to be more sensitive and only responded to intermittent exposure to sun., Discussion: Due to the fact that the examination was mandatory, it was possible to identify a large number of cases unknown to dermatologists and sometimes to the subject himself. The clinical description corresponded to those given in the literature, but the higher frequency in males, the duration of the clinical course and the sensitivity of clearer skin appear to have been unreported to date.