Search

FNEGE 3, HCERES B; International audience; During a study on experiences of work during the COVID-19 crisis, the concept of “épreuve” (trial; ordeal) came to the fore. This notion allows us to reflect on the variety of experiences and pathways, emphasizing certain aspects: facing challenges, being put to the test, trials and tribulations, and existential experiences. The importance of trials in life and in the workplace has already been conceptualized by Martuccelli, Boltanski, and Pezé; more recently, Rosanvallon has emphasized the role of the emotions and expectations generated by these trials. Crises make certain trials more visible and acute, and highlight a growing dimension of management: that of helping employees face obstacles that also test management and oblige it to change.; Lors d’une étude sur l’expérience du travail durant la crise sanitaire, le concept d’épreuve s’est imposé. Il permet de penser la diversité des expériences et parcours, en soulignant les aspects de défi à surmonter, de mise à l’épreuve, d’expérience éprouvante et existentielle. L’importance de l’épreuve dans l’expérience et le travail a été conceptualisée notamment par Martuccelli, Boltanski et Pezé ; plus récemment Rosanvallon a mis en valeur le rôle des émotions et des attentes que suscitent les épreuves. Les crises rendent plus visibles et plus aigües certaines épreuves, et mettent en évidence une dimension grandissante du management : celle de contribuer à faire face à des épreuves qui le mettent à l’épreuve et le contraignent à se transformer.

International audience; This article is exploring how an alternative organization relying on anarchist ideology is dealing with the tension between inclusion and exclusion. It relies on the empirical study of anarchist groceries in the suburb of Paris. Thanks to the analytical grid of Shore et al. (2011) the study shows how despite a willingness to include the highest number, these self-managed organizations produce both inclusion and exclusion.

International audience

International audience; Face aux grands défis qui nous menacent, à l'image de l'accumulation des déchets, une des directions pourrait être d'apprendre à « faire avec » (Citton, 2021), faire avec et à partir des déchets, faire avec et auprès des communautés pauvres du Grand Sud. Ceci pourrait esquisser les traits d'une orientation vers un entrepreneuriat participatif. Après avoir distingué celui-ci de l'entrepreneuriat collectif et communautaire, nous relatons une expérimentation participative de gestion des déchets dans une ville bolivienne. Plutôt que l'implémentation d'un modèle prédéfini, le projet s'est constitué participativement et s'est individué à partir des capacités propres de la communauté. Nous proposons de l'interpréter à partir de quelques concepts de Simondon qui nous permet de souligner certains aspects caractéristiques d'un tel entrepreneuriat participatif, dont les contours restent à individuer. Notre but ici est ainsi l'exploration d'un mode d'intervention participatif, soutenable et adapté au territoire, cherchant à ne pas amplifier certaines fractures qui traversent la société.

International audience

International audience; This paper investigates how institutional investors and their heterogeneity affect the efficiency of corporate labor investments. Based on a sample of French-listed companies over the period 2008 - 2018, the results show that abnormal net hiring, measured as the absolute deviation from net hiring predicted by economic fundamentals, decreases in presence of institutional investors, particularly active ones. This result suggests that institutional investors have incentives to engage in effective monitoring, which reduces agency conflicts in labor investment choices. This result holds both for institutional cross-owners with significant concomitant stakes in rivals’ companies and for institutional investors gaining board representation within investee firms. The results also show that the monitoring role of institutional investors is more pronounced for firms facing higher external market discipline. Overall, our findings are robust to alternative model specifications and to endogeneity concerns and suggest that institutional investors play an important role in firm-level employment decisions.

International audience

International audience; There has been an excellent series of formative articles centring on Bernard Stiegler (1952-2020) as an inspiration to pedagogical thought; this is a summative article written from the perspective of after his death. Stiegler argued that education is ontologically crucial to human development, wherein technics or the ‘not-experienced-condition(s)-necessary-for-experience’ are crucial to humanity’s ability to create its own existence. Technics make possible the technologies underpinning contemporary Anthropocentric existence. While entropy poses the cosmological threat of death to life, technics supports negentropy or the collecting and marshalling of energy opposed to entropy. Education is a crucial means of social negentropy, however all human agency is characterized by the pharmakon of more entropy or increased negentropy. The tension is inevitable in the pharmakon between on the one side, care and cure; and on the other, poison and death. In this article, we ask: ‘Given his suicide, what sort of pharmakon was Stiegler for himself and for us?’1 The authorial “I,” ‘Bernard Stiegler’ is no longer a living critic of social entropy or of proletarization and ‘technoscience’; what do we now make of his oeuvre for education? We will point to his inversions and purposeful mis-interpretations of Heidegger and Derrida as crucial to his oeuvre. Stiegler’s phenomenal being has ended; what technics have been strengthened and specifically: ‘What now of education?’

International audience; Not being visible, not having a voice, this is the double punishment for those who are lumped together in 'the people', who remain both unknown and unrecognised. Double violence, then: ethical violence on the one hand, from disrespect due to lack of recognition, from irresponsibility in front of those who have no faces, from the absence of care for the unseen; and political violence on the other hand: from the absence of listening to their voices, from the ventriloquism that makes us speak about them and for them in an abstract and objectifying language, from a denial of agency. Contrasting the conception of democratisation and representation held by the current French Presidency on the one hand and by Pierre Rosanvallon on the other, notably through the Raconter la vie project, we discuss the notion of democratisation in research. Different views are being debated about the possibilities and limits of representing the voice of the people and the 'invisible' in social science research.

International audience; Les innovations technologiques permettent aux plateformes de financement participatif par prêt de se réinventer pour rester compétitives et attirer aussi bien les bons projets qu’un grand nombre de prêteurs. Les robots-conseillers représentent une des solutions numériques proposées par ces plateformes. Cependant, peu d’études se sont penchées sur les déterminants d’adoption et d’utilisation de ces nouveaux outils basés sur l’intelligence artificielle. En nous basant sur une revue systématique de la littérature, cette étude a pour objectif d’explorer et d’analyser l’état de l’art afin de donner une vue d’ensemble sur ces facteurs. À l’issue de cette revue de la littérature, des pistes de recherches futures sont aussi proposées.

International audience

International audience

International audience

International audience; A la désespérante croisée des insoutenables, comment construire encore de la subjectivité, du désir, des forces de vie ? Comment trouver la force malgré tout de se (sou-)lever ?Réflexion à partir de la recherche-création E ainda assim se levantar.

FNEGE 2, HCERES B, ABS 1; International audience

PurposeThis article of exploratory research provides a critical perspective on accountability, focusing on three characteristics: transparency, asymmetry and individual agency. An experimental method is developed, calling for an ethics of accountability.Design/methodology/approachFour entrepreneurs have given accounts of themselves and their projects in life cycle interviews. This article applies Devereux's approach (1967), which allows for opacity (the “unconscious”) to oneself and to others with symmetry between analysts and analysed, and a lack of demarcation between the observer and the observed.FindingsA tragic entrepreneurial accountability trap of continuous self-justification was discovered, which pertains both to the entrepreneurs and the researchers. Nonetheless, the researchers as inspired by Devereux's method were able to realize a form of accounterability.Social implicationsThis article shows that the demands for transparent, asymmetrical and agentive accountability call for ethical reflection. The request for accounts, as resulting in the accounts given and the research conducted into accountability, are all sources of constraints. Differing the accountability situation may lessen the constraints.Originality/valueThis study introduces Devereux's method as an investigative tool in accountability research, opening up new perspectives on communication and analysis. This article shows the researcher as situated both inside and outside of the accountability mechanisms. This article explores a singular form of accountability; that of entrepreneurs who seemingly only account for the future, thereby disconnecting them from others.

Les Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD) adoptés en 2015 par les 193 États de l’ONU tracent une feuille de route pour l’humanité. Ce Livre Blanc tente d’en mesurer les conséquences pour l’’enseignement et la recherche, au travers du prisme de la communauté SHS de l’IMT. Il propose tout d’abord un cadre de référence commun et des définitions. Puis il rappelle le rôle des SHS dans les écoles d’ingénieur et de management. Il donne ensuite quelques repères en matière de grands enjeux écologiques, économiques et sociaux et montre l’interdépendance étroite de ces trois « piliers » (selon la terminologie consacrée). A partir de là, le Livre Blanc esquisse plusieurs avenirs possibles. Du fait de la mission de l’IMT et de ses partenaires, le rôle de l’entreprise est plus particulièrement questionné, dans une troisième partie. Enfin l’enseignement et la recherche sont remis en perspective. Ce Livre Blanc n’ayant ni l’ambition ni les moyens de poser un diagnostic universel, ni même pour l’ensemble de l’IMT, sous tous les angles de ses écoles, les recommandations esquissées en conclusion constituent des pistes de travail. Elles suggèrent toutefois qu’il y a urgence à se saisir de ces enjeux afin que le monde qui vient soit bien celui que l’on désire voir advenir. Dans ce contexte, ingénieurs et managers auront un rôle important à jouer.

International audience; We present a visual analytics tool, MiningVis, to explore the long-term historical evolution and dynamics of the Bitcoin mining ecosystem. Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that attracts much attention but remains difficult to understand. Particularly important to the success, stability, and security of Bitcoin is a component of the system called "mining.'' Miners are responsible for validating transactions and are incentivized to participate by the promise of a monetary reward. Mining pools have emerged as collectives of miners that ensure a more stable and predictable income. MiningVis aims to help analysts understand the evolution and dynamics of the Bitcoin mining ecosystem, including mining market statistics, multi-measure mining pool rankings, and pool hopping behavior. Each of these features can be compared to external data concerning pool characteristics and Bitcoin news. In order to assess the value of MiningVis, we conducted online interviews and insight-based user studies with Bitcoin miners. We describe research questions tackled and insights made by our participants and illustrate practical implications for visual analytics systems for Bitcoin mining.

FNEGE 3, HCERES B, ABS 3; International audience; This paper aims to assess the role of corporate venture capital (CVC) as option-creating investments and how corporate investors practice CVC options in their investment decisions. Using a sample of 4206 US firms between 1998 and 2019, our results show that sector fit and geographic fit reduce uncertainty and impact investors' decisions on CVC investments. When exogenous uncertainty is mitigated, CVC-backed companies experience higher investment amounts than independent venture capital funds (IVC)-backed ones. The results evidence that follow-on investments motivate IVC-backed companies to exit via IPOs. At the same time, a prolonged duration for the organisational learning option leads CVC-backed companies to exit via acquisition. This study helps investors to reduce uncertainty surrounding investments and improve the usefulness of their real options. We also provide implications for how policymakers target and develop an entrepreneurial ecosystem.

HCERES B; International audience; Personal data are essential to Internet companies, but their involvement in the smartphone apps market remains relatively unexplored. We provide empirical evidence on the strategies of free apps by studying whether the collection of personal data and use of third parties are combined with more traditional revenue sources such as advertising and freemium. We combine data collected via Google Play Store with data on privacy-related behaviors provided by PrivacyGrade to create a unique dataset we use to measure app monetization. One important aspect that we study is the business-to-business third party market. We investigate whether personal data are more likely to be collected by apps that use third parties such as companies offering social network services or access to advanced services. We use an instrumental variable approach to address potential endogeneity of users’ data collection. Our results show that data collection is negatively associated with freemium or advertising business models. We find that apps that are associated with big thirds parties are less likely to collect personal data.

FNEGE 2, HCERES A, ABS 3; International audience; How can we investigate something so indeterminate, unpredictable and enormous, as the current Covid-19 pandemic? We apply Karen Barad’s relational ontology to illuminate some current dilemmas in research, where different forces, concepts and theories conflict with one another in multiple and complex ways. Barad’s views, we argue, may help to address potential dilemmas of accountability, for instance of accounting research(ers) as they research the Covid-19 pandemic. In what Barad calls ‘intra-action’, the research apparatus, the researched phenomena, and the research results, constitute a complex system of relatedness. In ‘intra-action’ these elements never fully melt into one another, but rather, retain their ontological individuality. The research apparatus creates ‘real’ effects, but these can only be partially observed and disentangled. Which elements intra-act as the research progresses is the product of so-called ‘agential cuts’. We have researched the Covid-19 pandemic via what Barad would call a (small-scale) ‘experiment’. We have focused on air travel and more specifically on American Airlines: a hyperobject or social-economic object so complex and powerful that it cannot be captured in any single definition or analysis. Among others, we take guidance from Albert Camus’ The Plague in our analysis, concluding that AA (as a hyperobject) cannot really meet the research(ers) halfway, as Barad would call for. This is because the mutuality of ‘intra-action’, that is demanded is foreclosed. Consequently, while we believe that Barad’s views hold great merit for accounting research in the current crisis, we suggest that they raise deeply troubling dilemmas as well.

FNEGE 3; International audience; This paper centers on a case study of CSR performativity during the Covid-19 pandemic. In the extant CSR literature, CSR performativity has focused on 'walking the talk' and/or 'talking the walk,' wherein narrative and action around CSR are typically treated as two different things with their relationships questioned. We focus on what has been called 't(w)alking' wherein speech is understood to be performative and wherein speech acts and CSR are merged, becoming one and the same thing. Performativity then entails what is (and what is not) said, whereby CSR involves taking responsibility for speech and/or silences. Our thesis is that the Covid-19 pandemic led to the 'presenting' of CSR as performativity, in the presence of Levinas' Other, as noble (speech) acts. We examine what became of CSR performativity in a for-profit medical services provider when the Covid-19 pandemic turned fatal for its main client group: the infirm elderly. The performativity of the statement: "The elderly and their carers must be protected" turned out to be crucial and set the stage for the provider's emergency action. Following on insights derived from Nietzsche and Levinas, and more specifically from their views on the particularity of ethical action, we find that CSR morphed into ethical performativity in the case study at hand. Against the backdrop of the views of these thinkers, the research potential of the performativity of 't(w)alking' in future CSR studies emerges and is critically discussed.

HCERES B, ABS 2; International audience; In the mobile apps market, most apps can be downloaded for free. This study reviews the economic literature on the three most popular monetization strategies used to generate revenue: Advertising, freemium, and personal data. We discuss the part played by personal data in each of these three monetization strategies, and highlight why the lack of knowledge about the ultimate uses of personal data by market stakeholders should be of concern.

International audience; Labour Market Intermediaries (LMIs) with a social purpose, or Labour Market Social Innovation, are bubbling since the 1980s due to the fragmentation of labour standards and the growing number of "non-standard forms of work". However, they face an important lack of legitimacy especially in countries like France where labour market is highly regulated. Analysing the legitimation trajectories of two profit-limited LMIs, the Employers' Associations and the Business and the Employment Cooperatives in France, we highlight the role of meta-organisations and some key factors of success and failure. Thus, this article presents some levers that social innovations can use through meta-organizations to gain different types of legitimacy.

FNEGE 3, HCERES C; International audience

Liminality is an anthropological concept that has been influential in contemporary social studies. This article is written from an organisation culture and studies perspective wherein liminality has been seen: (i) as something that must be controlled, (ii) as a utopian call to creativity, and (iii) as a dystopian entrapment. Liminality has to do with whether the study of practice has been excessively cognitive whereby the human is reduced to concepts of control, efficiency and profit; and whereby the soma (Gr.) of the physical body is marginalised as mind, spirit, and ideation are prioritised. Thus, what of sarx (Gr.) or the flesh of existence (see Merleau-Ponty, Klossowski)? In this article we explore liminality evaluating its relationship to bodily-ness / bodyless-ness, affect and text. We start with a discussion of liminality as originated by the anthropologists van Gennep and Turner, and as pushed aside by Weick, but lionised as creativity by Kostera, and denounced as stagnation by Szakolczai. This is followed by an auto-ethnographic case study. The case study points to the unheimisch 2 of liminality which we examine via Pierre Klossowski’s manifoldness. Realising that text about liminality and its embodiment easily becomes paradoxical (unembodied and affectless), we present a non-textual (i.e., not written) visual reaction to the case; again, in the spirit of Klossowski; and we conclude with reflections co-inspired by Maurice Merlau-Ponty on the physical affectivity of liminality.

International audience

FNEGE 3, HCERES C; International audience; At the confluence of new organisations and new theorisations of space, the introductory text aims first to highlight the difficulties of traditional approaches to space in organisational studies in dealing with the sensitive, inhabited, moving and resisting dimensions of organisational spaces. It thus calls for the further development of the spatial turn in organisational studies. The articles in this issue are part of such an ambition, revealing some of the issues and challenges of new configurations, territorialization and their consequences on work. They propose new spatial perspectives on for example proximity, visibility, meaning, control or resistance. Finally, new directions, ambitions and concerns for research in organisational behaviour are detailed, suggesting avenues that consider space as a central dimension in order to think about organisations, in the light of changes in work but also of decolonial issues.; A la confluence de nouvelles organisations et de nouvelles théorisations de l’espace, le texte introductif vise d’abord à mettre en lumière les difficultés des approches traditionnelles de l’espace en études organisationnelles à composer avec les dimensions sensibles, habitées, en mouvement et en résistance, des espaces organisationnels. Il appelle ainsi à poursuivre le tournant spatial des études en organisation. Les articles du numéro s’inscrivent dans une telle ambition, en montrant les questions et enjeux des nouvelles configurations, de la territorialisation et leurs conséquences sur le travail. Ils proposent de nouvelles perspectives spatiales sur la proximité, la visibilité, le sens, le contrôle ou la résistance. Enfin seront détaillées de nouvelles directions, ambitions, inquiétudes pour la recherche en comportement des organisations, suggérant des avenues qui envisagent l’espace comme une dimension centrale afin de penser les organisations, à l’aune des mutations du travail mais aussi d’enjeux décoloniaux.

International audience; Ce chapitre s’intéresse aux traitements algorithmiques de la publicité sur les réseaux sociaux pendant la pandémie de la covid-19, en se plaçant du point de vue de l’économiste. En période de crise sanitaire, les informations officielles sur l’épidémie de la covid-19 sont indispensables à la compréhension du virus responsable et à la prévention de la contagion de la maladie infectieuse qu’il provoque. Les mesures de santé publique, telles que la fermeture d’écoles ou le confinement national, impliquent une communication double auprès du grand public. L’une pour informer sur l’évolution du virus, l’autre pour avertir des mesures sanitaires de prévention déployées. Ainsi, les campagnes d’information menées par les autorités publiques constituent-elles un dispositif d’aide et d’accompagnement indispensable à la mise en œuvre des mesures sanitaires recommandées pour enrayer la pandémie.Dans le cadre de la crise pandémique de la covid-19, diverses institutions telles que le Parlement européen ou le ministère français des Solidarités et de la Santé ont été à l’initiative de campagnes d’information sur les réseaux sociaux comme Facebook ou Instagram. Ces publicités en ligne ont comme objectif de promouvoir les gestes barrières qui réduisent la transmission du virus. Les réseaux sociaux sont en effet devenus prépondérants dans l’accès à l’information, car ils en sont la première source pour nombre d’utilisateurs, les jeunes en particulier (47 % des utilisateurs de moins de trente-cinq ans en font leur moyen d’information principal)…

International audience; Writing is an exercise in research—a search for a way of writing. It is not just about finding a new approach to research writing, but about a new way of thinking about and conducting research. The authors aim to show that performance writing creates a dance between different elements, producing a message. After an introduction to performance writing, its origins and intentions, they outline the ethical and political issues involved before considering what we can learn from adopting a communication approach to performance texts. Throughout the article, the authors adopt the styles and methods of two authors, Alphonso Lingis and Jacques Rancière, whose catalytic performance writing produces works that are much more than mere performance.; La escritura es la investigación sobre la búsqueda de una forma de escritura. No se trata solamente de escribir de manera diferente la investigación, se trata a menudo de otra manera de pensar y realizar la investigación. Los autores del artículo aspiran demostrar que la escritura performática es una escritura que establece relación y produce comunicación. Después de haber presentado la escritura performática, sus orígenes y proyecto, dichos autores exponen los desafíos éticos y políticos antes de concluir sobre lo que es una mirada comunicacional sobre los textos-performáticos relámpago. Antes que todo, estos siguen las formas y métodos de dos autores, es decir, Alphonso Lingis y Jacques Rancière. Los dos proponen una escritura performática, que nos pone en movimiento y nos ofrece mucho más que una representación.; L’écriture est une recherche, elle part à la recherche d’un mode d’écriture. Il ne s’agit pas seulement d’écrire autrement la recherche, il s’agit souvent d’une autre façon de penser et de faire la recherche. Les auteurs veulent montrer que l’écriture performance est une écriture qui met en relation, qu’elle produit une communication. Après avoir présenté l’écriture performance, ses origines et son projet, ils exposent ses enjeux éthiques, puis ses enjeux politiques avant de conclure sur ce qu’un regard communicationnel sur les textes-performance éclaire. Avant tout, ils suivent les manières et méthodes de deux auteurs, Alphonso Lingis et Jacques Rancière. Tous deux proposent une écriture performance, qui nous met en mouvement et nous offre bien plus qu’une représentation.

CNRS 2, FNEGE 2, HCERES A, ABS 3; International audience; We investigate how in the context of Corporate Venture Capital (CVC), the investment decisions affect the likelihood of their subsequent exit strategies. We use OLS and probit regression as well as Weibull distribution of residual values, given its reliability and validityfor studying lifetime analysis. Based on a sample of 8722 VC-backed ventures with the first investment dates between 1999 and 2018 in United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK), the results show that the presence of CVCs positively affects the funding amounts and the duration of the investment. CVC funds are more generous and more patient than Independent Venture Capital (IVC) funds regarding their investments in ventures. Moreover, the findings provide evidence that the exit strategies are directly influenced by the funding amounts and the duration of the investment which are influenced, in turn, by the fund type. Greater funding increases the likelihood of IPO exit which is reduced by longerinvestment duration. Our results are robust to alternative estimation methods, namely twostage treatment-effects regressions. These results help the various stakeholders (VC funds, investors, ventures) make crucial decisions regarding investment amounts and duration,and exit.

International audience; Still marginal 10 years ago, crowdfunding is now growing and represents a larger share of the economy each year, especially in emerging markets. At the same time, research on alternative investments in emerging markets is growing at a much faster pace than other similar fields. Indeed, policymakers, investors, and entrepreneurs from emerging markets need to gain a better understanding about the impact of fundraising innovations on sustainable growth in their home countries to facilitate entrepreneurship, growth, and employment. In this chapter, we will firstly review the foundations of crowdfunding as an innovative model, the importance of ethics in this model as well as the responses of regulators to adapt the legislative frameworks in developing countries. Secondly, we will address the question of ethics that characterizes the crowdfunding platform sector today through a double response based both on the stakeholder theory and on the corporate governance theory.

International audience; We analyzed 23 mining pools and explore the mobility of miners throughout Bitcoin's history. Mining pools have emerged as major players to ensure that the Bitcoin system stays secure, valid, and stable. Many questions remain open regarding how mining pools have evolved throughout Bitcoin's history and when and why miners join or leave the pools. We investigated the reward payout flow of mining pools and characterized them based on payout irregularity and structural complexity. Based on our proposed algorithm, we identified miners and studied their mobility in the pools over time. Our analysis shows that Bitcoin mining is an industry that is sensitive to external events (e.g., market price and government policy). Over time, competition between pools involving reward schemes and pool fees motivated miners to migrate between pools (i.e., pool hopping and cross pooling). These factors converged toward optimal scheme and values, which made mining activities more stable.

FNEGE 3, HCERES A, ABS 2; International audience; This paper develops a model of optimal education investment under uncertainty for an agent with an emigration option. We distinguish between local (country-specific) and global human capital and analyze the role of migration opportunities in human capital accumulation of different types. The analysis shows that human capital accumulation depends on the level of uncertainty and the transferability of human capital across countries. Allowing for human capital investment in the destination country and easier transferability of both local and global human capital exacerbate brain drain.

FNEGE 4; International audience; In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in smart connected objects as part of the widespread IT consumerization, influencing our daily lives. Nevertheless, digitizing physical things offers an abundance of objects apparently similar but characterized by some features that the average consumers fail to perceive and to appropriate. Due to the phenomenon of users’ disengagement with IoT products, consumers need a tool to guide them in choosing the most suitable smart connected object to satisfy their purposes. The current research aims to understand better smart connected objects by proposing a taxonomy based on levels of providing experience enhancements and relevance for effective uses as appropriated by consumers. The user-centered taxonomy allowed us to formulate recommendations for managers and practitioners in the market for smart connected objects aimed at the public, specific to each category of smart connected objects.; Depuis ces dernières années, les objets connectés suscitent un intérêt croissant dans le cadre de la consumérisation des TIC, influençant notre vie quotidienne. Néanmoins, la numérisation des objets physiques offre une abondance d’objets apparemment similaires mais caractérisés par certains attributs que les consommateurs ne parviennent pas à s’apercevoir et à s’approprier. En raison du phénomène de désengagement, les consommateurs ont besoin d’un outil pour les guider dans le choix de l’objet connecté le plus appropriable pour répondre à leurs besoins. Cette recherche vise à mieux comprendre les objets connectés en proposant une taxonomie en fonction des niveaux d’amélioration de l’expérience et de la pertinence pour des usages effectifs tels que appropriés. Cette taxonomie centrée sur l’utilisateur nous a permis de formuler des recommandations aux acteurs du marché des objets connectés à destination du grand public, spécifique à chaque catégorie d’objets connectés.

PurposeGunther Anders in the 20th century and Hartmut Rosa in the 21st have argued that the technics of organization – that is, its physical and social technologies, have from acceleration become so uncontrollable and unpredictable that circumstances actually outstrip awareness to the degree that intentional “organizing” is more a fable than a reality, as stated in the quote from Rosa that forms the title of this article.Design/methodology/approachIn this article, two critical theorists are examined who have fundamentally rejected the “control” thesis that dominates organization theory. It is a thesis that assumes that organizational change ought to be goal-directed, leadership driven and make use of soft and hard technologies to achieve defined objectives.FindingsThe prevailing “idea” of organizing has become illusionary. The technics of accelerationism have overpowered it. Not “organizing” but “ethic-sizing” is what remains as the: “What is to be done.”Originality/valueThe tradition of Gunther Anders and Hartmut Rosa (second and third generation Frankfurter School) and the implications of their work for our assumptions about the relations between technology, control and organization is for a first time evidenced in this article.

International audience; There has been a trend for social scientists to present research results in art forms such as dance, photography or painting, with claims that more expressivity, relevance or authenticity can hereby be achieved. In this article we examine what seems to us to be 'art envy' and claim that the actual 'work of art work' is often grueling, hyper-competitive and profoundly commercialized. Art can attempt to engender singular experiences of relatedness grounded in pluralities of experience, craftmanship and uses of materials, but the complexities and challenges hereof must not be underestimated.

FNEGE 2, HCERES A, ABS 3; International audience; The purpose of this paper is to study the evolution of corporate investors’ exploitation-exploration allocations and their long-term performance outcomes. The sample consists of 243 North American firms pursuing corporate venture capital (CVC) investments from 1993 to 2017. The results show that dynamic sequential ambidexterity promotes higher firm performance than balanced or simultaneous forms of ambidexterity. Alternating pursuit of exploitation and exploration characterized by a regular frequency of change over time enhances corporate investors’ financial performance. The results suggest that CVC firms develop additional expertise in pursuing both exploitation and exploration activities over time which helps to enhance their performance. The findings also show that in times of crisis, the combined use of both exploration and exploitation in CVC investments enables firms to enhance their financial performance. The results are robust to alternative measures of financial performance and to endogeneity concerns. This paper provides insights to policymakers and managers of firms that are investing in CVC activities.

International audience

International audience; Over the last decade, there has been a growing attention and concern about the overall impact of major digital capitalist platforms on the labour market (Srnicek 2016, Berg et al. 2019). Digital labor has been studied from various perspectives: focusing on the tasks and the relation to automatization and AI, the value creation, surveillance and algorithmic management, the differences within cloud and gig work, working conditions and activism (Casilli, 2019; Fuchs and Sandoval, 2014; Abeldelnour and Meda 2019). There is a wide heterogeneity of working conditions and inequality among the workforce (depending on the qualifications, contracts, and income) and across countries (diverse regulations of the labor market, presence of workers’ unions, and the state of social protection). Recently, in many countries, scholars have highlighted the unfair working conditions of the riders of delivery platforms, whose relevance has grown since the Covid-19 pandemic. Platform delivery workers are exposed to many risks and most of them are self-contractors without minimum wage and an appropriate social protection (Huang 2021; Fairwork, 2020; Schreyer, 2021; Srnec and Gossart, 2022). In many cases, the platform economy has made it possible to globalize insecure jobs using apps, and its flexibility often comes with vulnerability. This paper will examine the working conditions and the access to social protection of riders in France during the sanitary crisis of 2020/2021. The research questions that guided this work are: What are the social protection needs of riders? Who and how is covered by the social security system? What are the most vulnerable profiles of workers? We have conducted a research project during 2020-2021 to evaluate the social protection access and needs of platform riders in France. Our methodology has combined qualitative and quantitative methods: we have applied an online survey, face-to face semi-directed interviews and observations in 3 different cities. In this paper we will argue that the uberization phenomenon affects workers differently. Our results present a typology of vulnerability of riders that shows the segmentation of the precariousness that affects riders.The vulnerability of a rider depends on the risks to which he is exposed during work and to the social protection he has considering his professional situation (studies, professional experience, revenues), family and origins. The evidence from this study suggests that a set of complementary regulations are needed to contribute to the well-being and social protection of riders. Its precariousness is linked to social issues, labor regulation but also to the unrestrained expansion of the platform economy.

International audience; How can associations use digital technologies to address grand challenges? This paper analyses the digital practices of French associations specialised in Environmental and Sustainable Development Education (ESDE) and the types of learning processes they trigger. Based on a case study of the digital practices of 13 ESDE associations through semi-structured interviews, we explore the types of learning processes activated by these practices. To identify ESDE digital practices, we use social practice theory according to which a practice emerges when performed through the combination of three elements: Material, Competence, and Meaning. Our study identifies 131 ESDE digital practices, and underlines that only 17 practices were able to activate second order learning, which is key to deep sustainability transformation. We also underline the benefits of interdisciplinary research, in this case using a sociological concept used to study individuals’ ecological behaviour to shed light on organisational practices tackling grand challenges.

International audience; Generally, we expect Machine Learning (ML) in marketing to provide efficient recommendation systems, improvement in advertising with real time bidding, more accurate customers' behaviors predictions, and better CRM. This research focuses on the role of ML ethics, which is a combination of four ethical concepts: data privacy and security, fairness, accountability, and transparency of ML algorithms. The results show that ML ethics play a key role on consumer's behavior by positively influencing AI services appropriation. We use a PLS model to quantitatively measure AI services appropriation, as well as its antecedents (ML ethics and trust) and consequences (perceived value and NPS). We also reveal that fulfillment of contract obligations has a mediating role between ML ethics and trust in AI services. This research shows that marketers need to be responsible by focusing on the ethics of ML to answer AI users' needs and to enter in the Artificial Intelligence era.

Best paper award nominee in the corporate governance SIG of the conference; International audience

National audience; Cet article analyse les pratiques numériques des associations françaises d’éducation à l’environnement et au développement durable (EEDD). L’EEDD vise à sensibiliser tous les acteurs de la société aux grands défis de l’humanité, ces formulations de problèmes globaux complexes ne pouvant être résolus que par des actions multi parties prenantes coordonnées (George et al., 2016), et les associations ont un rôle particulièrement important à jouer. Ils correspondent par exemple aux 17 objectifs de développement durable (ODD) ou aux 9 limites planétaires (Steffen et al., 2015), et marquent l’entrée dans un nouveau temps géologique nommé « Anthropocène » par Paul Crutzen . Les politiques publiques d’EEDD ont joué un rôle important notamment en France, dès les années 1980 (Jacqué, 2016) et plus particulièrement depuis 2004 (Considère and Tutiaux-Guillon, 2013) , avec un rôle important joué par les associations (Bonhoure and Hagnerelle, 2003). Celles-ci le font de multiples manières, nous nous intéressons aux associations françaises d’EEDD (AFEEDD).

International audience; Le social bar, trophée 2017 de l'ESS de la Mairie de Paris, essaie de restaurer les liens de convivialité, notamment dans les bars. Financé de manière collaborative il crée une école formant des agents de la convivialité. Avec la crise, il développe à direction des entreprises des offres d'animations conviviales pour réunions en ligne. La convivialité peut-elle se transformer en produit d'entreprise ? Le numérique comme poison et remède de la convivialité ? De quoi le besoin de convivialité est-il le signe ? Quels liens se développent : liens sociaux, liens politiques liens faibles ? La convivialité comme art de vivre, style, tradition ?

Conférence inaugurale.; International audience; Les répercussions de la pandémie de SARS-CoV-2 sur la société, en général, et sur le système de santé, en particulier, sont sans précédent. La capacité du système et de ses acteurs à maintenir des soins sécuritaires et de qualité a été mise à l’épreuve. Parallèlement, la pandémie a catalysé plusieurs transformations dans la manière dont les soins de santé sont pensés, organisés, offerts et reçus. Une bonne portion des stratégies envisagées ou implantées pour accompagner ces changements incluent des technologies de l’information (TI). Le potentiel de ces dernières ne peut être minimisé : les TI peuvent contribuer à l’échange d’information et au maintien de relations à distance en plus de soutenir l’offre de soins et services, ainsi que leur administration, tout en réduisant les risques de contagion et l’utilisation d’équipement individuel de protection et en sortant certains acteurs de leur isolation. Que ce soit dans le but de prévenir des éclosions dans les établissements clés ou de minimiser les conséquences des mesures de distanciation, ces technologies ont été mobilisées, déployées, adaptées ou recréées de toutes pièces.Il importe de faire le point sur cette utilisation des TI en contexte de pandémie et de réfléchir aux enjeux éthiques, méthodologiques et cliniques de leur implantation, de même que leurs incidences sur les procédures, les partenariats ainsi que les flux et charges de travail, entre autres. Cette réflexion est d’autant plus cruciale que les changements encourus risquent de perdurer au-delà de la pandémie. Elle devrait aussi tenir compte de l’expérience de tous les acteurs concernés, y compris les fournisseurs et développeurs de ces TI, les administrateurs et professionnels de différentes spécialités et domaines de la santé, les personnes qui ont été atteintes de COVID-19, les personnes aux prises avec des questions de santé ponctuelles ou aigues durant la pandémie et les patients vivant avec des conditions chroniques, ainsi que les proches et familles de ces acteurs.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 3, HCERES B; International audience; Les enjeux environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance ont donné progressivement lieu à une prise de conscience collective des limites du modèle économique classique qui prône une approche purement financière (Auvray et al., 2022). Cette prise de conscience s’est intensifiée avec la crise financière de 2007-2008 qui a affaibli la confiance de la société envers les institutions financières traditionnelles et engendré des coûts d’instabilité pour la société (Jeffers, 2015). La légitimité des acteurs de la finance traditionnelle pour financer l’économie réelle et pour tenir compte de l’ensemble des parties prenantes a été questionnée. L’observation de la sous-évaluation du risque et de pratiques non-éthiques de certains agents financiers (Gadioux, 2010) a conduit le secteur financier à débuter une mutation vers une finance plus responsable et durable (e.g. Fatemi, Fooladi, 2013 ; Lagoarde-Segot, 2014). L’innovation nous semble consubstantielle de cette finance plus contemporaine, sous le vocable de finance durable et soutenable. Mais que recouvre la finance durable ? [...]

Compte rendu de : La société ingouvernable : une généalogie du libéralisme autoritaire / Grégoire Chamayou. - Paris : la Fabrique éditions, DL 2018. - 1 vol. (326 p.) : ill. ; 23 cm. - Autre tirage : 2021. - Notes bibliogr. p. 269-326. - ISBN 978-2-35872-169-1 (br.) : 20 EUR. - EAN 9782358721691; National audience; Authoritarian liberalism that goes through the teaching of management Abstract : Grégoire Chamayou's book, La Société ingouvernable, can only leave us intranquil. We read it as an invitation to realize that, in what we write and transmit, there are many ideas and arguments of neoliberalism that we must learn to decipher. This was well known for theories such as the agency theory or financial optimization, but more troublingly, the book uncovers them at work, for example, in the dialogue with stakeholders. The consequences of such authoritarian liberalism act far beyond the economic domain: they imprint subjectivities and forms of life, they increase inequalities and inequities. Let's not underestimate these effects. Let's ask ourselves what we can do to prevent them from passing through us.; Le livre de Grégoire Chamayou, La Société ingouvernable, ne peut que laisser intranquille. Nous le lisons comme une invitation à nous rendre compte que, dans ce que nous écrivons et transmettons, se glissent incognito nombre idées et arguments du néolibéralisme. Il nous faut apprendre à les décrypter. On le savait pour des théories comme celles de l’agence ou liées à l’optimisation financière mais, plus troublant, le livre les montre à la manœuvre par exemple dans le dialogue avec les parties-prenantes. Les conséquences d’un tel libéralisme autoritaire agissent bien au-delà de la sphère économique : elles impriment les subjectivités et les formes de vie, elles accroissent inégalités et iniquités. Ne sous-estimons pas ces effets. Demandons-nous que faire pour qu’il ne passe pas par nous.

International audience

International audience; This presentation challenges the contributions of management sciences to grand challenges in the Anthropocene era.