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Contexte et objectif. Le stress au travail touche tous les secteurs d’activités dont celui de l’éducation. La présente avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence du stress chez les enseignants et d’identifier les facteurs associés au stress chez les enseignants du secondaire de Ouagadougou. Méthodes. Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale auprès des enseignants du secondaire de la ville de Ouagadougou. Le questionnaire teacher stress inventory de Fimian a été utilisé pour évaluer le niveau de stress chez les enseignants. Nous avons utilisé une analyse régression logistique multivariée pour identifier les facteurs associés au stress chez les enseignants. Résultats. Quatre cent trente-neuf enseignants ont été enrôlés. L’âge moyen des enseignants était de 43,5 ans. Ils avaient en moyenne un volume horaire hebdomadaire de 19,3 heures. Ils enseignaient en Moyenne depuis 15,6 ans. Les enseignants consommateurs de substances psychoactives représentaient 34,8 %, ceux qui avaient des pathologies en cours représentaient 37,1 %. La prévalence du stress professionnel chez les enseignants était de 16,4 %. Les pathologies en cours (OR ajusté =2,06, p=0,012), le volume horaire hebdomadaire supérieur à 22 heures (OR ajusté=1,92, p=0,024) augmentaient le risqué d’être stressé chez les enseignants. A l’inverse avoir des loisirs réduisait 3x ce risque (OR ajusté =0,31 ; p=0,020). Conclusion. La prévalence du stress chez les enseignants du secondaire est élevée. Les pathologies en cours chez les enseignants, un volume horaire hebdomadaire supérieur à 22 heures étaient des facteurs de risque tandis que les loisirs étaient un facteur protecteur. English title: Prevalence and associated factors of occupational stress among secondary school teachers of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional observational study Context and objective. Occupational stress affects all activity branches. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of stress among teachers of the secondary school of Ouagadougou and identify the associated factors of stress among teachers of the secondary school of Ouagadougou. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study with secondary teachers in Ouagadougou. Fimian's teacher stress inventory was used to evaluate teacher stress levels. We used a logistical regression to identify stress-related factors in teachers. Results. Four hundred and thirty-nine teachers were involved. Their mean age was 43.58 years. They had on average a weekly hourly volume of 19.35 hours. They had been teaching for 15.61 years on average. The teachers who used psychoactives substances represented 34.85%, those who had medical condition represented 37.13%. The prevalence of work related stress among teacher was 16.4 %. Medical conditions (OR adjusted =2.06, p=0.012), the weekly hourly volume of more than 22 hours (OR ajusted=1.92, p=0.024) raised the risk of work related stress of teachers. In contrast, the leisures were a protector factor OR adjusted =0.31, p=0.020). Conclusion. The prevalence of work related stress among secondary school teacher was high. Medical conditions, weekly hourly volume of more than 22 hours were identified as risk factors but leisures were identified as protector factor. Keywords: occupational stress, teachers, Ouagadougou

Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its factors associated in patients with epilepsy at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital (Burkina Faso). Methods: This was a prospective 6-month study carried out in Neurology Department from February to July 2017. This study included all the patients with epilepsy aged over 18 years. Sampling was non-random with systematic recruitment. The informed consent of the patient was required. All included patients were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale and Gererd questionnaire. The analysis of the data was performed by the software Epi Info version 7. Results: One hundred two patients with epilepsy with a mean age of 41.47 ± 16.67 years were included. The symptoms of depression were present in 67.3% of patients with epilepsy with a mean age of 42.59 ± 17 years, and 78 years (19 - 88 years). Depression was mild in 35%, moderate in 34% and severe in 31%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was respectively 57.6% in male patients and 79% in female gender. The mean score of HDRS for depression was 15.62 ± 4.26. Hypochondriasis (97%), work and interest (95.5%) and anxiety-somatic (94.1%) were the most symptoms of HDRS-17. Higher scores were found for work and interests, anxiety-psychic and hypochondriasis. There was a significant association between perceived stigma, female gender, seizure frequency and presence of depression among patients with epilepsy (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study had found a high prevalence of depression among patients with epilepsy. High perceived stigma, female gender and seizure frequency were the most associated factors with depressive symptoms.

Objective: To study the frequency and factors associated with depression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among Black African patients. Patients and methods: It was a case-control study with a group of patients with RA (case) and a group of healthy subjects without rheumatoid arthritis (con-trols) matched by age and sex. All patients admitted to the rheumatologic department during February 2015 to July 2015 for rheumatoid arthritis meeting the criteria ACR/EULAR 2010, were included. Patients with high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, renal failure or HIV infection have been excluded. Depression was assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Results: Fifty patients with RA were included and compared to 100 healthy controls. For RA patients, it was 39 (78%) female and 11 (22%) male with a sex ratio of 0.28. In the control group, it was 77 (77%) female and 23 (23%) male with a sex ratio of 0.29. Twenty-seven (54%) patients with RA had depression compared with 17 (17%) subjects in the control group (p = 0.000). Impaired quality of life and a DAS 28 score greater than 3.2 were statistically associated with depression during RA with a p value respectively of 0.021 and 0.0000231. Conclusion: Depres-sion is significantly more common during RA than in non-RA controls. RA patients should be screened routinely for depression in order to ensure improved treatment and management.

Resume La consommation de drogues est une comorbidite frequente chez les malades psychiatriques. A ete menee au service de psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Regional (CHR) de Koudougou une etude transversale descriptive du 25 mars 2015 au 1er mai 2015 en vue d’etudier les caracteristiques epidemiologiques, psychopathologiques et therapeutiques de la consommation de drogues chez les patients. Les patients ont ete inclus au fur et a mesure qu’ils se presentaient dans le service et qu’ils acceptaient de facon libre et eclairee de participer a l’etude. Le questionnaire OMS-ASSIST a permis le depistage des drogues consommees, l’evaluation des niveaux de risque lies aux consommations et les types d’intervention therapeutique necessaires. L’enquete a concerne 103 patients. Les prevalences les plus fortes des patients ayant consomme au moins une fois dans leur vie les substances psychoactives etaient celles de l’alcool (62,14 %) et du tabac (50,48 %). Cette etude a montre une forte prevalence de la comorbidite troubles mentaux et consommation de drogues, justifiant qu’un depistage systematique soit effectue au cours des consultations de psychiatrie.

This study was designed within the scope of industrial exploitation of antioxidant extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa. Efficiency in the extraction of antioxidants (total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins) from calyces was assessed through different processes involving solvents (water, 80% acetone and 80% methanol), microwaves and ultrasounds. Results indicated that microwave extraction with 80% acetone gave the highest yield for total phenolics, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per g dry weight (DW) (3.73 GAE/100 g DW), while the highest results for total flavonoids and anthocyanins were found in the microwaved aqueous extracts. Antioxidant activity of the extracts reported the highest reducing power for aqueous extracts with microwave extraction, while 80% acetone and methanol samples exhibited the highest antioxidant activity by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent. HPTLC performed for screening of phenolic compounds revealed the occurrence of anthocyanins in dimer-like bands. Laboratory tests showed high protection against lipid oxidation of the whey spread emulsion (22.32 h) incorporated with the sonicated aqueous extract. Results of peptide sequencing data by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, revealed protein–polyphenols interactions by the formation of dimers between polyphenols and protein/peptides. These interactions were found without effect on the oxidative stability of the emulsions. These study suggest that H. sabdariffa’s calyces have the potential to be used like food antioxidants.

Au Burkina Faso, il existe une amelioration de l’acces aux soins psychiatriques dans l’ensemble du pays. Cependant, il est courant d’observer dans les rues des grandes villes, des malades mentaux errants, cohabitant avec le reste de la population. Cet article, purement descriptif, visait a cerner les determinants socioeconomiques et culturels, pouvant expliquer l’abandon sans soins de ces patients dans la ville de Ouahigouya. A la lumiere de nos resultats, trois principaux types de facteurs ont ete notes et pourraient expliquer cette situation : la pauvrete economique, l’absence de dispositif public de prise en charge des malades mentaux errants et la tolerance culturelle a la presence des malades mentaux errants non violents.

Introduction La depression est frequente chez les patients epileptiques avec un impact sur la qualite de vie du patient. Sa survenue depend de plusieurs facteurs dont l’observance du traitement. Objectifs L’objectif de notre etude etait de decrire les aspects epidemiologiques et les facteurs associes a la depression chez les epileptiques suivis en neurologie au centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo. Methodes Il s’est agi d’une etude prospective de 6 mois allant du 1er fevrier au 31 juillet 2017 sur 102 patients epileptiques âges de plus de 18 ans suivis en neurologie. L’echantillonnage etait non aleatoire avec un recrutement systematique. Le consentement eclaire du patient etait requis. Tous les patients ont ete evalues a l’aide de l’echelle de la depression de Hamilton. L’analyse des donnees a ete realisee par le logiciel EPI-INFO version 7. Resultats La prevalence de la depression etait 66 %. Elle touchait une population scolarisee (60,29 %) constituee dans 50 % de patients de sexe feminin avec un âge moyen de 42,59 ans. Les patients residaient en zone urbaine 70,58 %) et exercaient une activite professionnelle (62,71). Les crises dataient de moins de 3 mois chez 73,52 % des patients. Il existait un lien significatif entre le sexe feminin, la frequence des crises, le sentiment de stigmatisation et la survenue d’une depression. Discussion Cette etude nous a permis de comparer nos resultats aux donnees de la litterature. La prevalence elevee de la depression chez l’epileptique est reconnue malgre la variabilite des echelles d’evaluation Nos resultats etaient en accord avec les donnees de la litterature en ce qui concerne les facteurs associes a la depression. Conclusion La depression est une pathologie frequente chez les patients epileptiques au Burkina-Faso. Les facteurs associes etaient le sexe feminin, la frequence des crises, le sentiment de stigmatisation. Informations complementaires L’etude n’a pas beneficie de financements particuliers, publics ou prives.