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Background Aseptic abscess syndrome (AAS) is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and it is characterized by the formation of sterile collections of neutrophils in various organs. Misdiagnosis frequently leads to unnecessary surgical procedures and prolonged courses of antibiotics. There are only 61 reportable cases of AAS in the international literature and 2 cases in Canada. This case and the associated literature review highlight the diagnostic considerations, treatment options and disease course of this rare disease. Aims To describe a case of AAS in IBD. Methods Case report and review of the literature. Results A 24-year-old male with a history of ulcerative pancolitis (UC) initially presented with a 3-week history of malaise, abdominal pain, and fevers with a computed tomography (CT) scan showing multiple splenic abscesses. Over the next year, he had multiple readmissions for recurrent sepsis from culture negative multi-focal abscesses. Serial CT scans revealed new abscesses in the liver, scrotum, and lungs with interval progression in size. Unsuccessful attempts to isolate a culprit organism which included serological markers and cultures from blood, bronchial washings, aspirate from abscesses, and surgical tissue. All samples demonstrated frank pus with suppurative granulomatous inflammation. The patient was trialed on various courses of antibiotics without improvement. Therefore, a decision was made to treat for AAS given his IBD history. Antibiotics were discontinued and prednisone was initiated with rapid improvement in symptoms and biochemistry. In the three years following, he was transitioned to a combination of infliximab and azathioprine. He had rapid resolution of his abscesses on serial CT scans following steroid and anti-TNF therapy. Currently, he is no longer on steroids and his CRP has normalized with no recurrence of his symptoms. Conclusions AAS has often been associated with IBD, particularly Crohn’s disease and more rarely in UC. Case series have shown that AAS is not strongly associated with IBD activity as only 55% of cases have concomitant IBD flare and abscess formation. The syndrome continues to pose a diagnostic conundrum among specialists as there is no established diagnostic criteria and thus AAS remains a diagnosis of exclusion. This has led many patients to suffer from AAS for prolonged periods and receive unnecessary investigations and treatments. Steroids remain the gold standard for initial induction of remission. However, the ideal regimen for maintenance therapy is still evolving and case reports have described the effects of immunotherapy and biologics on AAS. AAS has a substantial impact on quality of life and is very responsive to therapy; this case report reminds the clinician that AAS should be considered in patients with IBD presenting with multifocal abscesses unresponsive to antimicrobials. Serial CT scan (coronal view) of abdomen demonstrating multiple hepatic abscesses (blue arrows) Funding Agencies None

Background Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare autoimmune fibroinflammatory disease that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can progress to end-stage liver disease (ESLD) requiring liver transplantation (LT). Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a highly aggressive and rare hematologic malignancy (HM) that usually affects elderly males. High-dose chemotherapy followed by allogenic stem cell transplantation (SCT) offers the best chance of long-term remission in BPDCN. While it is well described that there is an increased risk of de-novo cancer development after solid organ transplantation (SOT), these are less commonly HMs. There are currently no documented cases of BPDCN in post-SOT patients in the literature. Aims To describe one of the first cases of BPDCN in a patient post-SOT, and subsequent clinical resolution of UC post SCT. Methods Case Report Results A 19-year-old previously healthy male initially presented with cholangitis and was diagnosed with PSC. Two years after the diagnosis of PSC, he progressed to ESLD and underwent live donor LT in India. He subsequently presented with episodes of bloody diarrhea and a colonoscopy then revealed diffuse mucosal edema, erosions, and spontaneous bleeding, with scattered inflammatory polyps throughout the colon. UC was diagnosed and Infliximab therapy was started. He later presented with a UC flare and Vedolizumab therapy was initiated. A liver biopsy showed recurrent sclerosing cholangitis and ultimately the patient required a second liver transplant. After the second LT he developed weight loss, arthralgias, and progressive splenomegaly following which BPCDN was diagnosed. His Vedolizumab was subsequently stopped. He received induction chemotherapy followed by a single antigen mismatched allogenic SCT. Whilst he had numerous complications associated with his chemotherapy induction, his UC appeared to be in clinical remission. No repeat colonoscopies were completed, however, on follow-up assessments, he denied abdominal pain and reported having formed, non-bloody stools. Unfortunately, he suffered an aggressive relapse of his BPCDN, and he was palliated. Conclusions The development of de-novo cancers after LT is common, and patients with PSC are at particularly high risk. PSC-LT patients have also been found to have the highest rate of hematological malignancies post LT; however, these are most commonly post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Additionally, there have been a few reports of complete resolution of IBD after allogenic mismatched SCT. Here we describe one of the first cases of BPCDN post-LT in a PSC-UC patient and display another example of UC clinical remission post allogenic SCT. These findings emphasize that close follow-up of these patients after LT is imperative. Funding Agencies None

Background Endoscopic resection techniques have become the primary treatment strategy for the vast majority of large (≥ 20mm) non-pedunculated colonic polyps (LNPCPs). Despite this, surgery is still commonly performed with evidence suggesting an increasing trend over time. There is limited Canadian data confirming the effectiveness and safety of an endoscopic management strategy for LNPCPs. Purpose To investigate clinical outcomes of patients referred for endoscopic management of a LNPCP. Method Retrospective single-centre analysis of patients referred to a single endoscopist for the management of LNPCPs within a tertiary referral practice. LNPCPs were further subdivided into non-complicated (NC-LNPCP) or complicated (C-LNPCP) defined as those involving the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, circumferential or previously attempted. Performance outcomes were evaluated by the frequencies of technical success (removal of all polypoid tissue during index procedure) and need for colorectal surgery. Safety was evaluated by the frequencies of clinically significant intraprocedural bleeding (CSIPB), clinically significant post-endoscopic resection bleeding (CSPEB), intra-procedural perforation and delayed perforation. Recurrence (either endoscopic or histologic) was evaluated at first surveillance colonoscopy (SC1). Continuous variables were summarized using median (IQR). Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies (%). To test for association between categorical variables, the Pearson χ2 or the Fisher exact test were used, where appropriate. For continuous variables, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. A probability (p) value of Result(s) Between January 2021 to March 2022, 263 LNPCP were referred for endoscopic resection and 41 LNPCP were excluded (23 pedunculated, 14 optical evaluation suggestive of deeply invasive cancer, 4 other). 222 LNPCP (188 NC-LNPCP, 34 C-LNPCP) underwent endoscopic resection. Median size was 25mm (IQR 20-30mm) with the majority undergoing cold snare resection (115, 51.8%). Polyposis (Adenomatous or serrated) was present in 23 (12.6%) cases respectively. Technical success was 97.3%. Cancer was present in 5 (2%). Clinically significant bleeding (CSPEB) occurred in 2.7%, DMI IV in 1.8% and there were no delayed perforations. Recurrence occurred in 4 (3.5%) at SC1 and 11 (5%) required surgery due to technical failure, submucosal invasion on pathology and clinically significant bleeding. Image Conclusion(s) Endoscopic resection as the primary treatment strategy for LNPCPs offers a safe and effective alternative to surgery in British Columbia. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Background Collagenous gastritis(CG) is a rare form of gastritis defined histologically by the presence of >10um of subepithelial surface collagen deposition. CG can further be categorized in childhood onset CG and adult onset CG. The prevalence of childhood CG is 2.1/100,000 in children aged younger than 18. Adult onset CG remains a rare entity. Here, we describe a rare presentation of collagenous gastroduodenitis in an adult patient and the interval progression over a 10 year period. Aims To increase awareness of a rare condition with limited data on available treatment modalities and clinical outcomes in adults. Methods Case Report Results A 35 year old female with no past medical history presented with worsening fatigue and increased shortness of breath with no overt gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms. There was no previous history of radiation exposure or family history of autoimmune disease. Laboratory investigations revealed iron deficiency anemia with a hemoglobin of 69 and a ferritin of 11. TTG serology and anti-parietal antibody was also negative. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of collagenous gastritis localized to the gastric body with the presence of acute and chronic inflammatory changes. The patient was started on proton pump inhibitor therapy. In the interval period, the patient denies any new onset of gastrointestinal symptoms other than occasional heartburn. She remains iron deficient and requires regular iron infusions. Follow up endoscopy 10 years later now demonstrates diffuse mucosal abnormalities with a nodular contour involving the entire stomach and extending into the duodenal bulb. Biopsies showed features compatible with collagenous gastroduodenitis with active inflammation and pyloric metaplasia(Figure 1). There was atrophy of the stomach mucosa with no parietal cells identified and no endocrine hyperplasia. Immunostaining for Helicobacter pylori was negative. Flexible sigmoidoscopy was also performed revealing endoscopically normal colonic mucosa to the descending colon. Conclusions CG is a rare disease entity with unclear pathogenesis. Multiple case reports describe some association with autoimmune disease such as celiac disease. To date, no standard treatment has been identified for the management of CG. CG presents endoscopically with nodular changes, mucosal atrophy and collagen deposition. Over time, adult onset CG can progress to involve the entire stomach. Clinically, adult onset CG usually presents with a diarrhea predominant phenotype with associated collagenous colitis. Treatment modalities that have been trialed include PPI, corticosteroids, sucralfate, azathioprine,5-aminosalicylates, iron supplementation and hypoallergenic diets. Here we describe a rare presentation of collagenous gastroduodenitis and subsequent 10 year follow up in order to better understand this disease entity. Funding Agencies None

Background Crohn’s disease (CD), a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, immune mediated condition characterized by gastrointestinal inflammation. Approximately 25% of CD patients have pharmacologically refractory disease, in which stem cell therapy has been shown to play a role. Aims A case series was performed to analyze the efficacy of autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for refractory CD in British Columbia(B.C). Methods A chart review was conducted on patients who had undergone ABMT for treatment refractory CD between 2001 to 2021 in B.C. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and endoscopic data was collected. Results Case details are summarized in Table 1. 3 patients(2 female and one male) were included. All patients failed conventional therapies prior to ABMT. 2 patients underwent surgical intervention (colectomy with ileostomy) prior to ABMT. Average time from diagnosis to ABMT was 8.83 + 6.6 years. All 3 patients received standard myeloablative therapy. There were no intestinal complications post ABMT. 6 months post-ABMT transplant, all 3 patients showed significant improvement, with CDAI scores Conclusions Despite medical and surgical therapeutic advances, a subset of CD patients develop refractive disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this population, there is increasing evidence in support of stem cell therapy as a treatment modality, with acute mortality less than 5% for patients with malignancy driven primarily by infectious complications and treatment-related toxicity. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate ABMT in CD. This case series presents the only Canadian data to date on the use of ABMT for refractory CDs and their subsequent follow up. Funding Agencies None

With the recent development of weblogs and social networks, many supplier industries share their data on different websites and weblogs. Even the Small-to-Medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector (as well as non-manufacturing sector) are rapidly strengthening their web presence in order to improve their visibility, customer reachability and remain competitive in the global market. Our study aims to classify data into various groups so that users can identify the most appropriate content based on their choice at any given time. To classify and characterize manufacturing suppliers in supply chain through their capability narratives and textual portfolios obtained from websites of such suppliers online source portals for testing and Naive Bayes and support vector machine (SVM) Classification method at term-level for classification has been used. The performance of the proposed classifier was tested experimentally based on the standard metrics such as precision, recall, and F-measure., This work has been supported by Department of Science and Technology, Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Statutory Body Established through an Act of Parliament: SERB Act 2008, Government of India with Sanction Order No ECR/2016/001808.

Role of Si content on the structural, thermal and soft magnetic properties of melt spun and annealed Fe 87− x Si x B 9 Nb 3 Cu 1 ( x = 11, 13, 18, 20, 25 and 30 at.%) alloys has been investigated. Processing of ribbons at a higher wheel speed (47 m/s) during melt spinning results in the formation of amorphous phase in all the alloys expect for 30 at.% Si whereas at lower wheel speed (34 m/s), amorphous phase has been observed only in 18 at.% Si alloy ribbon. Detailed thermal analyses revealed that higher glass forming ability of 18 at.% Si alloy is due to the near eutectic point in these alloy series and higher ratio between the crystallization and liquidus temperature ( T x / T L ). On annealing, nanocrystalline Fe 3 Si phase was found to be precipitated out in amorphous matrix in alloys up to 20 at.% Si ribbons whereas paramagnetic Fe 4.9 Si 2 B phase along with Fe 3 Si phase was observed in 25% Si ribbon. Detailed Mossbauer spectroscopy of the annealed ribbons revealed that the composition of the nanocrystalline Fe 3 Si phase increases from Fe-21 at.% Si towards the stoichiometric composition (Fe-25 at.% Si) with Si content. The results are also corroborated with precision lattice parameter measurements. The coercivity of the annealed ribbons initially decreases, attains a minimum at 18 at.% Si and then increases abruptly with Si content.

Effects of partial substitution of nonmagnetic Sn for Fe on elevated temperature magnetic properties in exchange-coupled Nd2Fe14B/(Fe3B, α-Fe) nanocomposites have been investigated. Thermal stability of remanent magnetization (Jr) and coercivity (Hc) is found to increase on Sn substitution. The absolute values of the temperature coefficients α(Jr) and β(Hc) decrease from 0.098 and 0.323 to 0.061 and 0.288, respectively with increase in Sn content from 0 to 1.5 at%. Influence of non-ideal microstructure and exchange coupling on the coercivity has been studied by analyzing the microstructural parameters αKαex and Neff determined from the temperature dependence of the coercivity. Substitution of Sn significantly decreases the value of Neff from 0.042 to 0.005 indicating a decrease in the local stray fields at the grain boundary.

Amorphous ribbons of Co69Fe7Si14B10-xZrx (x = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10) alloys have been prepared and their structure, soft magnetic and magnetoimpedance (MI) properties have been investigated. Glass forming ability (GFA) of these alloys was calculated using GFA parameter (α = Tx/Tl) and verified by experimental results. Saturation magnetization of the amorphous ribbon decreases on replacement of B by Zr which reveals Zr has more pronounced effect in decreasing saturation magnetization. However, improvement of other soft magnetic properties (coercivity and permeability) leads to considerable increase in MI properties. Annealing leads to crystallization of Co2Si, Co2B, Co2Zr and CoSi phases causing deterioration of soft magnetic and MI properties due to the magnetic hardness of the secondary phase which arises due to the presence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

In tandem with increased life expectancy is a growing number of older adults living longer in discomfort and pain, with life-debilitating chronic or terminal illness and poor quality-of-life. With a focus on quality-of-dying and a ‘dignified death’ for older adults, medical assistance in dying (MAID) has gained widespread public and professional popularity as an end-of-life alternative, leading to legalization in several countries. However, continued debate about the necessity and limits of various healthcare professions’ involvement persists. Drawing on evidence from regions where MAID has been legalized, a scoping review was conducted to synthesize the literature on roles of diverse healthcare professionals in decision-making and implementation of MAID services for older adults. An exhaustive database search yielded 1,000+ articles. Abstracts were manually curated, with 35 studies fulfilling inclusion criteria and integrated in the final review. Synthesis and analysis of the literature led to five thematic conclusions being highlighted as relevant to older patients seeking MAID: Nurses are increasingly involved in MAID but lack role clarity in decision-making processes; mental health professionals should always be required to assess capacity and consent for MAID decision-making; physician involvement alone is insufficient to manage patient requests; conscientious objection by physicians leads to a de-medicalized framework for MAID; and guidelines/frameworks to clarify healthcare professionals’ roles in interprofessional collaboration. Findings from this review inform policy, practice and research and demonstrate urgency for a multidisciplinary approach to MAID for older adults that clearly defines scope of practice for diverse healthcare professionals to prevent legal, ethical and administrative hurdles.

Melt-spun ribbons of Co 69 Fe 7 Si 14− x Nb x B 10 alloys with x =0, 2 and 4 have been prepared and characterized for structure and soft magnetic properties. Ribbons with x =0 and x =2 are found to be completely amorphous whereas the ribbon with x =4 contains irregular shaped faulted Co 2 Si orthorhombic phase with grain size of about 100 nm. Nb addition is found to decrease the degree of amorphicity and induce perpendicular anisotropy, deteriorating the soft magnetic and magnetoimpedance properties.

Amorphous ribbons of (Fe1-xCox)88Zr7B4Cu1 (x = 0.2, 0.35, 0.5, and 0.6) alloys were annealed to produce a nanocrystalline phase dispersed in the amorphous matrix. Precision lattice parameter calculation showed that composition of the nanocrystalline phase is Fe73Co27 for all the alloys irrespective of initial alloy composition. This result was well corroborated with the Mossbauer results. Saturation magnetization of annealed ribbons was almost same for all the alloys, however, coercivity increases with Co content.

Melt-spun ribbons of Fe99–x–yZrxByCu1 alloys with x + y = 11 and x + y = 13 were prepared under similar experimental conditions and characterized for structure and soft magnetic properties. Substitution of Zr by B changes the structure of as-spun ribbons from completely amorphous to cellular bcc solid solution coexisting with the amorphous phase at intercellular regions and then to completely dendritic solid solution. The glass forming ability (GFA) of the Fe-Zr-B-Cu system, evaluated from thermodynamic properties such as enthalpy of mixing and mismatch entropy, is found to be in good agreement with the experimental observations. Annealing of all ribbons leads to the precipitation of nanocrystalline bcc α-Fe phase from both amorphous phase and already existing bcc solid solution. A window of alloy compositions that exhibit the best combination of soft magnetic properties (high saturation magnetization and low coercivity) was identified.

The structure and soft magnetic properties of Fe68.5Si18.5B9Nb3Cu1 (at.%) alloy ribbons produced through planar flow melt spinning at different wheel speeds viz. 34, 17 and 12 m/s have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and positron lifetime spectroscopy. Amorphous ribbons formed with different wheel speeds manifested different enthalpy and activation energy of crystallization. The volume fraction of nanocrystalline phase, saturation magnetization and permeability are found to increase whereas coercivity is found to decrease with increasing wheel speed on annealing. A detailed analysis of positron lifetime spectra obtained from the as-spun ribbons has been used to rationalize the variation in microstructure and magnetic properties. The presence of larger number of defects at higher wheel speed increases the volume fraction of nanocrystalline phase on annealing which improves the soft magnetic properties.

Melt-spun ribbons of (Fe0.65Co0.35)88Zr7B4Cu1 alloy have been prepared at different wheel speeds, namely, 47, 39, 34, and 17 m/s, and subsequently annealed at 773 K (500 °C) under controlled atmosphere. Structural and soft magnetic properties have been evaluated using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The structure of as-spun ribbons changes from fully amorphous to partially amorphous/nanocrystalline to fully nanocrystalline (bcc α-Fe(Co) + Fe2Zr) on decreasing the wheel speed. Annealing of amorphous ribbons leads to the precipitation of nanocrystalline bcc α-Fe(Co) phase. The Curie temperature (Tc) of the amorphous phase is found to increase with decreasing wheel speed possibly due to the effect of exchange field penetration of nanocrystals present in the amorphous matrix. The saturation magnetization (4πMs) of as-spun ribbons having partially nanocrystalline bcc α-Fe(Co) phase is high as compared to the ribbons with completely amorphous phase, and it remains almost the same even after annealing. The lowest coercivity has been achieved in the ribbons that are fully amorphous, and the coercivity was found to increase with decreasing wheel speed.

Melt-spun ribbons of Co 69 Fe 7 Si 14 B 10 alloy have been prepared at different wheel speeds viz. 47, 34 and 17 m/s and investigated for structural and magnetic properties. Degree of amorphicity in the as-spun ribbons is found to increase with wheel speed. Amorphous phase crystallizes in two stages producing Co 2 Si, Co 2 B and CoSi phases on annealing. Increase in wheel speed improves soft magnetic and magnetoimpedance properties due to decrease in perpendicular anisotropy which is associated with stripe domain formation. On annealing soft magnetic properties and magnetoimpedance deteriorate due to the formation of crystalline phases.

Rapidly solidified amorphous Fe 68.5 Si 18.5 Nb 3 B 9 Cu 1 ribbon has been subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 550 °C for different time periods. All the annealed ribbons show the precipitation of nanocrystalline Fe 3 Si phase from the amorphous phase. The estimated crystallite size from X-ray diffraction peak analysis was in the range of 15–25 nm. While the surface studies confirm the presence of a distribution of spherical nanostructures in amorphous matrix. Both magnetoimpedance and longitudinal permeability ratios are found to increase with annealing time, and attain a maximum value for 60 min annealed ribbon and decrease on further increase in the annealing time. The enhanced magnetic properties and magnetoimpedance on suitable heat treatment is attributed to the change of magnetic parameters such as anisotropy and magnetostriction, due to change in microstructure. Analysis of permeability and impedance data taken under similar conditions suggests a strong correlation between them.

Microstructure and magnetic properties of melt-spun Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B nanocomposites with compositions (Nd1−yPry)4.5Fe77B18.5 (y = 0.00, 0.22, 0.45 and 0.66) have been investigated. Pr addition improves coercivity (iHc) and energy product (BH)max significantly from 2.6 kOe and 9.1 MGOe for y = 0.00 to 3.6 kOe and 13.2 MGOe for y = 0.45, but decreases remanent magnetization (Mr). Further increase in Pr weakens the exchange coupling interactions between the magnetically hard and soft phases. Effect of Pr on thermal stability of iHc and Mr is analyzed by performing high temperature magnetic measurements. Thermal stability of iHc decreases on Pr addition, whereas, that of Mr is not affected significantly. Microstructural parameters α and Neff describing the influence of the non-ideal microstructure and the effect of exchange coupling on the coercivity are determined from the temperature dependence of coercivity.

The influence of Sc on the nature and stability of phases present in rapidly solidified (RS) Al alloy 7010 (hereafter termed base alloy) produced by melt spinning were examined and compared with the phases present in the same alloys when produced by the conventional ingot metallurgical (IM) route. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the second phases present in the IM alloys have an HCP structure but with varying lattice parameters. On the other hand, the second phase particles present in the base alloy when produced by rapid solidification (RS) route always have a quasi-crystalline, icosahedral structure. In the rapidly solidified 7010 + Sc alloy, however, the icosahedral phase is located only at the grain boundary triple point junctions, and the grain interfaces are populated by the second phase particles having an HCP structure. An analysis of the chemistry of the second phase particles revealed that the icosahedral phase is stabilized by certain minimum concentrations of Zn + Mg/Zn + ...

The magnetic properties of Nd 4.5 Fe 77− x Mn x B 18.5 ( x =0, 1 and 2) nanocomposites prepared by the crystallization of amorphous precursors were investigated. Addition of Mn is found to decrease the crystallization temperature of the amorphous ribbons. The intrinsic coercivity i H c and maximum energy product ( BH ) max increase from 2.6 kOe and 9.1 MGOe for x =0 to 3.1 kOe and 10.3 MGOe for x =1, respectively, and the remanence ratio M r / M s increases from 0.70 to 0.72. The effect of Mn on Curie temperature T C and the thermal stability of M r and i H c were also studied. 57 Fe Mossbauer spectra have been recorded for x =0, 1 and 2 ribbons at room temperature and site preference of the Mn atoms in Fe 3 B and Nd 2 Fe 14 B phases is discussed using the Mossbauer spectroscopy.

Fe 88 Zr 7 B 4 Cu 1 and Fe 44 Co 44 Zr 7 B 4 Cu 1 alloys have been melt spun to produce amorphous ribbons. Crystallization behaviour of the amorphous phase has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Addition of Co in Fe–Zr–B–Cu alloy reduces the stability of the amorphous phase leading to the formation of nanocrystallites at a lower temperature. A dispersion of the nanocrystalline phase in the amorphous matrix is achieved by controlled heat treatment for optimization of magnetic properties. Coercivity, saturation magnetization and Curie temperature are found to increase on addition of Co.

Bulk glass formation in multicomponent Fe–Co–Ni–Zr–B and Fe–Co–Ni–Zr–Nb–B alloy systems has been investigated by means of casting in a wedge shaped copper mould. It is observed that the critical thickness for glass formation, thermal stability of the glass and the undercooled liquid region increase upon the addition of niobium. The coercivity increases abruptly above the critical thickness owing to disappearance of the amorphous phase. Amorphous ribbons of both alloy systems have been prepared with various zirconium and boron contents to obtain a spectrum of values for glass transition, crystallisation temperature and undercooled liquid region. Kinetics studies of crystallisation have revealed that the activation energy increases with increasing undercooled liquid region.

Crystallization behaviour and magnetic properties of melt-spun Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu alloys have been investigated. It is found that the primary phase changes from α-Fe(Si) to Fe3Si (DO3) on increasing the Si content The coercivity of the alloys containing the Fe3Si phase is significantly lower as compared to the alloy containing α-Fe(Si) phase. A heat treatment temperature-time-coercivity map has been obtained for optimization of the coercivity.

Data concerning status migrainosus in children and adolescents is sparse. The varied clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment modalities are discussed.

The aim of the present work was to prepare a three-phase nanocomposite containing high saturation {alpha}-Fe and Fe{sub 3}B soft phases and the Nd{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B hard magnetic phase. The requirements for the microstructure of an exchange coupled material are a very fine and homogeneous grain size distribution and substantial absence of any intergranular phase. Since the crystallization of amorphous alloy is a multistage process, coarsening of the phase crystallizing in the first stage may occur till completion of the crystallization process, leading to deterioration in coercivity. The effect of annealing treatment on the intrinsic coercivity was therefore determined. Results of these investigations are reported in this paper.

The effect of planar flow melt spinning (PFMS) parameters on the continuity, surface quality, and structure of 10-mm-wide Fe 68.5Si18.5B9Nb3Cu1 ribbons has been investigated. The change in shape and stability of the melt puddle as a function of the processing parameter was studied using a high-speed imaging system and was correlated to ribbon formation. A window of process parameters for obtaining continuous ribbons with good surface quality has been evaluated. It has been observed that thinner ribbons are found to be more continuous because of higher ductility. The higher melt temperature leads to the formation of crystalline phase in as-spun ribbons, and this deteriorates the soft magnetic properties on annealing. The experimental results are corroborated with the numerical estimates, which suggest that the critical thickness for amorphous phase formation decreases with increasing initial melt temperature. � The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2011.

The magnetic properties of Nd4.5Fe77−xMnxB18.5 (x = 0, 1 and 2) nanocomposites prepared by crystallization of amorphous precursors was investigated. Coercivity (iHc) and remanence ratio (mr = Mr/Ms) has been improved for 1 at% Mn addition for Fe. The temperature dependence of coercivity is analyzed and the best linear fit Hc(T)/Ms(T) vs. HNmin(T)/Ms(T) indicates that Hc controlled by nucleation process. The microstructural parameters αkαex and Neff were determined for these composites.

Fe57 Mossbauer spectroscopy has been employed to study hyperfine interactions in melt-spun a-Fe74Co10−x Cr x B16 (x = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10) ribbons. The Curie temperature and the effective hyperfine fields observed for the spectra at 80 K show a systematic fall with increasing chromium content. Increasing chromium content also brings about a change in the orientation of the magnetization axis in that it comes closer to the direction of γ-ray propagation. The temperature dependence of hyperfine fields in a-Fe74Co5Cr5B16 alloy is accounted for using the existing theoretical models. The field distribution curves show a temperature dependence, while the e.f.g. distribution evaluated from the paramagnetic doublet spectra aboveT c are temperature independent. The spin-wave coefficients B (B3/2) and C (C5/2) and the critical exponent, β, were determined and their significances explained.

Most reports of the ketogenic diet have focused on its efficacy for generalized seizures. Few data are available regarding its effect on focal seizures. We retrospectively studied patients (mean = 7.5 years of age) with medically intractable epilepsy treated by the ketogenic diet. The predominant seizure types in each patient were classified as generalized (100 patients) or focal (34 patients) based on ictal electroencephalograms (EEGs) or seizure semiology and interictal EEG. A seizure reduction of more than 50% compared with baseline was seen in nine patients (27%) with focal seizures and 46 patients (46%) with generalized seizures at 3 months, in 10 patients (30%) with focal seizures and 46 patients (46%) with generalized seizures at 6 months, and in eight patients (24%) with focal seizures and 42 patients (42%) with generalized seizures at 12 months. Differences were not significant. Outcome tended to be better in patients younger than 12 years of age compared with the older age group, but the difference was significant at 6 months only. Our results suggest that some patients with intractable focal epilepsy may respond favorably to the ketogenic diet and that this option should be considered if epilepsy surgery is not possible.

We report four cases of Cockayne Syndrome in a family of seven children. Apart from the usual clinical and laboratory features, sparse eye lashes and high arched palate in two patients, conjunctival and corneal edema in one, and proximal muscle weakness in one patient were noticed as additional findings.

Chelatable zinc is co-localized with glutamate in the synaptic vesicles of a distinct population of telencephalic neurons. The present study used a histochemical technique to localize zinc-containing terminals within the somatosensory barrel cortex (S1) of normal adult rats and rats that had been subjected to 4-6 weeks of tactile deprivation produced by simple whisker trimming beginning either at birth or during adulthood. In normal adult rats intense staining for synaptic zinc was observed in laminae I, II/III and V. Lamina VI was moderately stained, particularly within sublamina VIa where thalamic axons terminate. Thalamorecipient barrel centers in lamina IV were distinguished by the relative absence of synaptic zinc and were bounded by darkly stained inter-barrel septa. This pattern was unchanged in rats whose whiskers were trimmed only during adulthood, suggesting that synaptic zinc constitutes a relatively stable pool that is resistant to subtle changes in sensory input. By contrast, neonatal whisker trimming resulted in a marked increase in density of synaptic zinc specifically within the centers of deprived barrels in lamina IV. This redistribution of synaptic zinc appears to be permanent since altered staining of deprived barrels persists after extended periods of tactile experience with regrown whiskers. The results in normal rats indicate that zinc-containing circuits are distributed heterogeneously within S1 where they most likely subserve intracortical vs thalamocortical processing. The altered distribution of zinc-ergic circuits following neonatal whisker trimming suggests that zinc-sequestering neurons in developing S1 are particularly sensitive to early tactile experience.

The effect of partial substitution of Nd by Pr on the magnetic properties of exchange-coupled Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B nanocomposites with compositions (Nd1−yPry)4.5Fe77B18.5 (y = 0, 0.22, 0.45 and 0.66) has been investigated. Microstructural studies were carried out and correlated with the hard magnetic properties. The substitution of Nd by Pr improves iHc and (BH)max from 0.264 T and 73 kJ m−3 in the Pr-free alloy to 0.363 T and 106 kJ m−3, respectively, in the y = 0.45 alloy. Remanence magnetization decreases marginally on substitution. An increase in the Pr content beyond y = 0.45 leads to a deterioration of the hard magnetic properties, possibly due to a weakening of the exchange coupling interactions between the hard and soft magnetic phases.

The effect of partial substitution of Sn(Fe) on the crystallization behaviour, magnetic properties and microstructure of rapidly solidified Nd4.5Fe77?xSnxB18.5 (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) nanocomposite alloys has been studied. Sn decreases the crystallization temperature and suppresses the formation of the undesired Nd2Fe23B3 phase. Remanence (Mr), remanence ratio (Mr/Ms) and maximum energy product (BH)max increase from 10.1?kG, 0.70 and 9.1?MG?Oe to 12.6?kG, 0.82 and 12.8?MG?Oe, respectively, on addition of 1.5% Sn. The coercivity (iHc) decreases slightly from 2.6 to 2.2?kOe with an increase in Sn from x = 0.0 to x = 1.5. TC of the Nd2Fe14B increases from 588 to 602?K. The results are discussed and correlated with crystallization behaviour, microstructure and M?ssbauer studies.

Structure and soft magnetic properties of melt spun Fe88Zr7B4Cu1 alloy have been investigated using x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. On decreasing the cooling rate the structure of as spun ribbon changes from completely amorphous to a cellular structure of bcc solid solution along with the amorphous phase at intercellular regions. Annealing leads to the precipitation of nanocrystalline bcc-Fe phase from both amorphous phase and already existing bcc solid solution. The saturation magnetization increases sharply for all samples on annealing at 500 °C due to the precipitation of nanocrystalline bcc phase and then remains almost constant at higher annealing temperatures. The coercivity decreases initially with annealing temperature, attains a minimum value and then increases at higher temperature.

The electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of amorphous Ni 60 Nb 40− x Al x alloys have been studied over a temperature range of 300 to 600 K. A negative temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) is observed for the compositions possessing higher resistivity. The thermoelectric power of the amorphous alloys is small but positive and it increases linearly with temperature. The temperature dependence of both the properties is explained on the basis of Ziman's theory.

Diffusion rates of Au in Ni33.3Zr66.7, Ni64Zr36, Fe40Ni40B20 and Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5 metallic glasses have been measured over a range of temperatures by a Rutherford α-particle backscattering technique. Experimental procedures and methods of analysis are described briefly and possibilities of experimental error are discussed. The measured diffusion rates obey Arrhenius relationships, yielding activation energies of approximately 2eV. Some diffusivity values measured for Fe40Ni40B20 and Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5 above the glass transition temperature, Tg, also lie on the same Arrhenius plots. In each alloy, pre-annealing of the glass has virtually no effect on the diffusivity or activation energy values. Diffusion rates of Au are between two and three orders of magnitude lower than the diffusion rates of a metalloid atom at the same temperatures in the same glass. At a given temperature, the diffusion rate of Au is lower in a glass of higher Tg. However, normalisation with Tg does not normalise the diffusivity values. Thus, at a given fraction of Tg, the diffusion rate is higher, in a glass with higher Tg.

Des observations anterieures laissent supposer que le point de fusion du solute est probablement un des facteurs qui affectent la diffusion des impuretes dans un verre metallique. Pour approfondir cette hypothese, on mesure la diffusion de Ag, Al et Pb dans Ni 60 Nb 40 amorphe par la technique de spectrometrie Auger

Crystallization behaviour of amorphous Ni60 Nb40-x Cr x (x = 0, 5, 10 and 13 at%) alloys was studied by differential Scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction measurements. It is shown that the addition of chromium reduces the crystallization temperature, stages of crystallization and activation energies associated with the crystallization sages of the Ni60Nb40 glass. Crystallization of the Ni60Nb40 glass occurred in three stages; in the initial stage a metastable M-phase formed in the amorphous matrix as reported earlier [1] . However, contrary to earlier observation [1], M -phase was not very stable and transformed together with some amorphous phase to the equilibrium Ni3Nb phase in the second stage of crystallization. In the third stage, the remaining amorphous matrix transformed to the equilibrium NiNb phase. On addition of chromium the formation/stability of the M-phase was found to be suppressed and equilibrium NbCr2 phase precipitated preferentially in the first stage. The second stage, corresponding to the formation of Ni3Nb phase, remained almost unaltered. The third stage corresponding to the crystallization of NiNb phase disappeared completely at 13 at% Cr. In the fully crystallized samples the proportion of the NiNb phase decreased and that of NbCr2 phase increased continuously with chromium concentration.