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In the article, the authors presented the results of comprehensive studies in 2020 - 2022. on the study of different varieties of soybeans when grown up to granules. The experiments were carried out on heavy loamy grey forest soil with a humus content of 4.1% with a slight acid reaction of the medium (pH 6.28). The nitrate nitrogen concentration was 10 mg/100 g, mobile phosphorus 13.5 mg/100 g, and exchangeable potassium 8 mg/100 g. Different varieties of soybeans, according to their ecological and geographical origin, were sown in the third decade of May with a sowing rate of 500 thousand viable seeds per 1 ha, with harvesting in the third decade of September. The authors conducted phenological observations and determined the photosynthetic potential during the experimental work. The authors also determined the leaf areas of different soybean varieties, plant height, yield indicators and crop structure. The researchers noted that the accelerated growth and development rates occurred in the West Siberian types Omskaya 4, SibNIIK-315, Gorinskaya and Krasnoobskaya. Early maturing varieties of Far Eastern selection were distinguished by a long growing season of up to 120 days, with 85 days in Siberian varieties: Omskaya 4, Far Eastern selection Alena, and Kuban selection (Barguzin, Puma, Vita, Lira, Sayana). The authors observed a significant increase in yield to the standard in the Omskaya 4 - 21% variety. On the other hand, types of the Far Eastern and Kuban selection showed grain yield indicators 2–5 times lower than the SibNIIK-315 standard. The high parameters of the crop structure in the Siberian variety Omskaya 4 were determined by the number of beans from one plant and the mass of grains from one plant.

The authors in the article provided data on the use of different varieties and hybrids of cereals and legumes. The experiments were carried out in the forest steppe of the Novosibirsk Priobya region in 2020–2022. The studies were conducted on the leached chernozem of the Praktik EEF (Educational and Experimental Farm) of the Novosibirsk Region and CJSC Livestock Breeding Farm Irmen of the Ordynsky District Novosibirsk Region. Also, the authors conducted experiments in the steppe zone on the southern chernozem of Nadezhda LLC of the Bagansky district and on grey forest medium loamy soil of the Education and Production Farm (EPF) “Garden of Michurintsev” in Novosibirsk. The research aims to study the efficiency of using the modern gene pool of grain and leguminous crops in different zones of Western Siberia. The authors found that West Siberian selection soybean varieties had higher growth and development rates than the Doka standard for 4-6 days. During studies with F1 hybrids of corn, the authors also note increased indicators of biometric parameters: plant height, green mass, and cob weight - by 20% of the Ross 140 F1 standard. High yield parameters of corn grain on the leached chernozem of the forest-steppe zone (EEF Praktik) of hybrids Ross 199 F1 - 10.2, KS-178 F1 and Krasnodar 194 F1 - 9.79 t/ha were revealed, exceeding the Ross 140 F1 standard by 40– 47%. Corn grains of hybrids F1 Ross 199 - 6.03 t/ha, Krasnodar 194 - 5.67 and KS-178 - 5.52 t/ha differed in yield with an excess of the standard by 54% on the southern chernozem of the steppe zone of Nadezhda LLC The maximum yield of corn grain is in the hybrid F1 Kuban 101 and Katerina - at 9 t/ha on the leached chernozem of CJSC Irmen stud farm. The maximum yield of soybean grain is 3.44 t/ha for SibNIIK-9 and Gorinskaya on leached chernozem, which is higher than the standard for Doka by 67 and 57%. SibNIIK-9, Omskaya 4, and Gorinskaya were distinguished on grey forest medium loamy soil. The variety of the Far Eastern selection Alena and the early ripening varieties of the RRIO collection (All-Russian Research Institute of Oilseeds, named after V. S. Pustovoit, Krasnodar): Barguzin, Lira, Sonata, and Puma, had a developed above-ground mass and low grain productivity. It was statistically determined that the genotype determined the yield of corn grain by 39%, conditions of the year - by 25%, and interaction of factors - by 20%. In experiments with soybean on leached and southern chernozem, the grain yield depended on the genotype by 42%, the conditions of the year - by 27% and the interaction of factors - by 16%, on grey forest medium loamy soil, respectively, 47; 30 and 22%.

Introduction. The main idea of the grid-characteristic method is to take into account the characteristic properties, systems of hyperbolic equations, and the finite velocity of propagation of perturbations in the simulated media.Materials and methods. The simplest hyperbolic equation is a one-dimensional linear transfer equation. To increase the order of approximation of the grid-characteristic scheme to the second, you can use the Bim-Warming scheme. If we use a four-point pattern, we get a central Lax-Vendroff scheme. Difference schemes for the linear transfer equation can be obtained using the method of indefinite coefficients.Results. The grid-characteristic scheme admits a conservative variant, which is relevant if there are discontinuities (shock waves, shock waves) inside the integration domain, while the original system of equations for a matrix with constant coefficients, in partial derivatives, should be presented in a divergent form.Discussion and conclusions. When numerically solving a three-dimensional problem, the construction is performed similarly, in the case of upper and lower bounds, after scalar multiplication of the scheme by eigenvectors, relations approximating the compatibility conditions with the first order of accuracy are obtained.

With the rise in the number of fi res, the proportion of pyrogenic soils in Russia is constantly increasing. The objective of this study is to determine how contrasting environmental conditions can trigger wildfires and affect post-fi re recovery scenarios. Post-pyrogenic Arenosols, Podzols and Fluvisols have been studied in the taiga subzones: in the Pinezhsky and Pechoro-Ilychsky nature reserves at the European territory of Russia and in the basin of Sukhoi Polui river in the north of Western Siberia. We employed soil morphology description, analysis of anthracomass concentration (calculated as the sum of charcoal particles >0,5 mm) and a set of chemical methods. We demonstrate that some fi res dramatically change the direction of soil formation, causing: 1) loss of organic horizon(s); 2) partial loss of mineral horizon(s); 3) restart of soil formation if the soil stratum has been completely degraded. We propose to distinguish such varieties as pyro-extreme soils. Both weakly transformed full-profile soils (para-extreme) and strongly degraded soils (ortho-extreme) can coexist in the fi re-damaged areas. Ecosystems whose properties (e.g. climate, topography, fire-return intervals) predetermine severe fi re damage to vegetation and soil cover are proposed as pyrogenically vulnerable. Among studied factors, the post-fi re erosion has proven to be a predominant control over long-term changes in the direction of soil formation. We propose a concept of «fi re centers» for description of spatial heterogeneity in burning, which can be tracked by changes in the anthracomass concentration.

The purpose of the study was to analyze rectal resection outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes of 251 patients with stage cT3–4aN0–2M0 rectal cancer, who underwent transperitoneal resections of the rectum with mesorectumectomy from 2015 to 2020, was carried out. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 90 years. Considering the extent of rectal tumor spread, 143 (56.9 %) patients underwent neoadjuvant prolonged conformal radiation therapy or chemoradiotherapy.Results. The failure of the colorectal anastomosis was observed in 11 (4.4 %) patients, repeated surgery was performed in 8 (72.7 %) patients (Grade C). During the follow-up, disease progression was detected in 58 (23.1 %) patients, tumor recurrence in the rectum occurred in 2 (0.8 %) patients, and distant metastases were found in 56 (22.3 %) patients. Statistical analysis showed that the parameters, such as the age, localization of the tumor in the rectum, tumor grade and T stage did not significantly affect the disease progression. A statistically significant relationship between the disease progression and pN2 stage was revealed. Patients with pN2 stage were 4.1 times more likely to have disease progression. The 75th percentile survival time was51.2 months. Patients with pN2 stage had a 3.6-fold increase in the risk of lethal outcome.Conclusion. The study demonstrated good oncological and surgical outcomes in the treatment of stage II–III rectal cancer with high survival rates. Resection of the rectum in patients with rectal cancer is a safe and predictable surgical procedure accompanied by a low incidence of anastomotic leaks and disease recurrence. The pN2 stage in rectal cancer patients significantly worsened the oncologic outcomes and survival of patients.

Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ granulomatosis of unknown origin. Modern diagnostic methods allow detecting this disease at an early stage. The absence of specific markers requires a comprehensive approach to diagnosis based on comparison of radiation, clinical, morphological and functional data. The course of sarcoidosis without damage to the respiratory system presents significant difficulties. It is extremely important to understand the time and means of starting Sarcoidosis’s treatment to avoid the early initiation of hormones and cytostatics and, on the other hand, to timely respond to progression and threatening conditions. Methods. Clinical recommendations are based on the analysis of Russian and English publications of the latest sarcoidosis research. The target audience of these clinical guidelines are therapists, general practitioners, pulmonologists, TB doctors, rheumatologists, dermatologists, radiation diagnosticians, immunologists, and clinical pharmacologists. Each thesis-recommendation for diagnosis and treatment is evaluated on an 1 to 5 scale of levels of evidence and an A, B, C scale of the grades of recommendations. The clinical guidelines also contain comments and explanations for the theses-recommendations, diagnostic algorithms, treatment strategies, reference materials on the use of recommended drugs. Conclusion. Current information on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management strategies for patients with sarcoidosis are covered in the presented clinical guidelines. Approved by the decision of the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (2022).

The article presents a brief overview of the prospects for using the long-tailed chinchilla as a model in biomedical research.

Abstract The extent of wine in Muscovy, primarily in the palace economy, is considered. On the basis of a comparison of materials from Russian records management and notes of foreigners, the use of wine in the embassy ceremonies (primarily at the reception of the ambassadors of the King of England in 1664) and in the celebration of important events in the life of the Russian society elite is elucidated. The problem of centralized importation, internal trade, and storage of wine is touched upon. The varieties of alcoholic beverages common in Russia are studied separately. The author comes to the conclusion that there had been a fairly wide range of wine varieties in Russia, despite the fact that tastes did not fundamentally change and the wine menu had been relatively stable for many decades.

Gas analyzers on the basis of Raman spectroscopy designed at the Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, are described. Their capabilities and advantages are shown in measurements of the composition of fuel gases (natural, bio-, and synthesis gases) and atmospheric and exhaled air. The features of the analyzer operation and the techniques for increasing the measurement accuracy are discussed.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a specific form of chronic fibrotic interstitial pneumonia with a progressive course and poor prognosis. The prevalence of IPF in the Russian Federation is about 8 – 12 cases per 100,000 population. The basic treatment of IPF is antifibrotic agents.Methodology. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are therapists, general practitioners, pulmonologists, pathologists, radiologists, and medical rehabilitation doctors. Each thesis-recommendation about diagnostic and therapeutic procedures has been scored according to the scale of classes of recommendations from 1 to 5 and A, B, C scale of the levels of evidence. Clinical recommendations also contain comments and explanations to the theses, algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and reference materials.Conclusion. The presented clinical guidelines cover current information about the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. These guidelines were approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2021.

Peatland soils in permafrost area are among the major components of global carbon cycle. In the case of predicted climate change, they may act as a significant source of greenhouse gases efflux. A four-year transplantation experiment (transplantation of soil cores of 20 cm in height and 10 cm in diameter to other natural positions) with the peat horizon was arranged to assess the temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux from palsa peatlands in the north of Western Siberia. The rise in temperature by 7°С caused a positive feedback (30–70%) of CO2 efflux (measured by the closed chamber method) from transplanted soils as compared with the control. Temperature dependence of CO2 efflux from transplanted soils had the highest value (R2 = 0.8) in the first two years as a result of maximum contrast of temperature conditions between sites and decreased in the next two years. On the contrary, the temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux from transplanted soils showed a high value during most of observations (Q10 = 3–6) thus indicating the increased rate of organic matter mineralization in peat soils of permafrost area for a long (four years) period. Our results might be useful for calibration of regional carbon cycle data sets that consider the contribution of organic permafrost-affected soils.

This article is devoted to solving the inverse problems of exploration seismology of fractures and their uniformly oriented systems using convolutional neural networks. The use of convolutional neural networks is optimal due to the multidimensionality of the studied data object. A training sample was formed using mathematical modeling. In the numerical solution of direct problems, a grid-characteristic method with interpolation on unstructured triangular meshes was used to form a training sample. The grid-characteristic method most accurately describes the dynamic processes in exploration seismology problems, since it takes into consideration the nature of wave phenomena. The approach used makes it possible to construct correct computational algorithms at the boundaries and contact boundaries of the integrational domain. Fractures were set discretely in the integration domain in the form of boundaries and contact boundaries. The article presents the results of solving inverse problems for single fracture length, placement and orientation detection and for system of fractures with variations in the angle of inclination of fractures, height of fractures, density of fractures in the system.

The causes of the decrease in the impact toughness of a cast VKh4L-VI nickel superalloy melted using the substandard wastes of a deformable KhN50VMTYuB (EP648) nickel superalloy in the form of ingots formed by remelting chips in an open induction furnace are studied. The decrease in the impact toughness of the cast VKh4L-VI nickel superalloy is found to be caused by coarse carbides with an unfavorable morphology and their long conglomerates disposed both in the grain volume and at grain boundaries. Experiments show that, during melting of the VKh4L-VI alloy, a carbide structure is inherited from the wastes of the KhN50VMTYuB superalloy. A technology of melting the VKh4L-Vi superalloy using up to 25% substandard wastes of the KhN50VMTYuB superalloy has been developed. This technology includes high-temperature melt treatment (HTMT) to exclude the formation of a rough carbide phase in the superalloy and allows us to achieve the properties of the finished metal that meet the requirements of normative documents.

We consider the problem of $N$ identical fermions interacting via a zero-range attractive potential with a lighter atom in one dimension. Using the few-body approach based on the Skorniakov and Ter-Martirosian equation, we determine the energies and the critical mass ratios for the emergence of the tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer. For large $N$, we solve the problem analytically by using the mean-field theory based on the Thomas-Fermi approximation. The system becomes bound when the heavy-to-light mass ratio exceeds a critical value which grows as $N^3$ at large $N$. We also employ a more sophisticated Hartree-Fock approach, which turns out to be equivalent to the Thomas-Fermi approximation for determining the energies, but provides a better description of the microscopic structure of the clusters., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures

BaFe(11.5-x)Ti0.5AlxO19 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 3.0) samples were produced using solid state reaction method. Systematic studies of the crystal structure parameters, magnetic and microwave properties were carried out. All samples were single phase and described by the P63/mmc space group. It was established that an increase in the content of Al3+ ions in BaFe(11.5-x)Ti0.5AlxO19 (or BaM:Ti, where BaM – M-type barium hexaferrite) leads to a decrease in the lattice parameters and density of the samples. This correlates well with the ionic radii and atomic weight of Fe3+ and Al3+ ions. The weakening of Fe3+-O-Fe3+ exchange interactions induced a decrease in the temperature of the magnetic phase transition and saturation magnetization. The microwave properties as well as the frequency dependences of the permittivity and permeability in the range from 0.1 to 18 GHz were discussed in terms of the resonance of domain boundaries. A strong correlation between Al3+ concentration, crystal structure, magnetic and microwave properties was shown for BaFe(11.5-x)Ti0.5AlxO19 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 3.0) samples.

A problem of the flow around a rectangular wing under the transonic buffet conditions in a wind tunnel is investigated numerically and experimentally. It is shown that a three-dimensional flow with a “mushroom" structure of the surface streamlines on the wing surface is formed instead of a close-to-two-dimensional flow in the case with self-excited oscillations along the streamwise coordinate (buffet). For the purpose of buffet control, an ejector is proposed, which provides boundary layer suction from the upper surface of the wing and jet ejection at the trailing edge of the wing. The spectral analysis of the experimental pressure oscillations on the upper surface of the wing shows that the proposed device effectively suppresses pressure oscillations at the buffet frequency.

A conceptual description of a complex, potentially dangerous process of electric arc synthesis of carbon nanocluster structures is presented. The architecture and basic functional elements of a modular computer system for designing virtual models of a production facility for training operators to control the synthesis of carbon nanocluster structures are presented. A complex task of training to control a chemical-technological process is formulated, which is executed on the basis of the obtained software solution. The stages of the multistage process of designing a virtual model and setting up a computer system for the logistics base of an industrial enterprise are presented as part of testing the reactor island model, Kretschmer’s electric arc, industrial and expert data on the synthesis of fullerene С60.

An improved architecture of a hybrid matrix detector that operates in the vacuum ultraviolet-hard X-ray range in the 32 × 32 format for high-speed registration of the radiation profile of high-temperature plasma with photon energies of (Eph = 1–10 000 eV) is described. The detector includes silicon photodiodes, preamplifiers, and a system for digitizing and transmitting information with a frame time of 2 μs and continuous recording of up to 4 s. This work took the experience of using the previous model of a 16 × 16 hybrid matrix detector in the T-11M and Globus-M tokamaks into account. The results of absolute calibrations of the photodiode sensitivity in the 1–60 000 eV energy range are presented. A functioning prototype of a 1 × 32 submodule is demonstrated.

The work is devoted to the analysis of the regularities of the movement of charcoal particles in the ecosystems of the middle taiga, northern taiga and southern tundra experiencing the influence of fires. Since coniferous vegetation is subjected to intense combustion, fires often lead to cyclical changes in the vegetation cover. The process of burning leads to the forest litter damage, making the soil cover vulnerable to erosion. Intense fires affect the amount of pyrogenic material that can be stored for thousands of years under favorable conditions. The aim of the research was to estimate the influence of environmental factors on the use of carbonaceous particles in modern time series (from 1 to 119 years). The features of soils (particle size distribution, moisture content), relief features (presence of depressions), the effect of precipitation material after a fire, as well as features of combustible litter were considered. On the territory of the middle and northern taiga, in the Pechora-Ilychsky and Pinezhsky reserves, textural-differentiated and alpha-humus soils are considered. On the territory of the southern tundra, in the area of the settlement Zapolyarny, peat-gley soils are considered. It was revealed that the migration of coal to the depth of the soil profile depends to the greatest extent on the particle size distribution – for example, in more sandy soils, coals are scattered throughout the profile, and in clay soils they are concentrated above the first fine-textured horizon. The nature of the coals determines their shape and size, which depend on the type of burnt plant community. Communities with a scattered stand, dominated by lichens in the moss-lichen cover, burn with the formation of microparticles of coal or dispersed carbonaceous particles that easily move along the soil profile (up to the depth of 80 cm). Plant communities with more tree species in their composition, during combustion form large carbonaceous particles, which are often present in the newly formed litter. Charcoal migration is influenced by both the climatic zone and post-pyrogenic erosion. Thus, depending on the variety of environmental conditions, the speed and volume of movement of carbonaceous particles change significantly both when comparing different natural zones and within one zone. Four schemes have been developed for the motion of charcoal along the profile over time: uniformly diffused, unevenly diffused, barrier and turbation.

A molecular-statistical theory of colloidal suspension of spherical ferromagnetic particles in a nematic liquid crystal matrix is considered. A tensor expression of the suspension Hamiltonian is proposed, which contains contributions that make it possible to describe the ferromagnetic state of the studied system. Within the mean-field approximation, a system of equations is obtained that describes various orientational states of the suspension. Phase diagrams of the suspension are plotted. It is shown that depending on temperature and intensity of particles interaction with the liquid crystal matrix, the suspension can be in an ordered state with different magnetic properties, namely, in the ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic nematic phases, in addition to the isotropic phase.

Background. Psoriasis is a systemic disease with the presence of comorbid pathology, which is the cause of serious psychological problems. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life and psychoemotional status of patients with psoriasis against the background of standard drug therapy with the inclusion of photochromotherapy (PCT). Methods. The randomized controlled study included 144 patients (mean age 48.34 13.51 years) with psoriasis in the advanced stage. Patients, depending on the method of treatment, were divided into 4 groups, comparable by clinical and functional characteristics. For all groups, standard drug treatment was prescribed, including antiinflammatory, hyposensitizing, detoxification and external therapy, while additionally for 10 days, patients of the 2nd group (n = 47) received PCT with narrow-band optical radiation (NOR) 540 nm, patients of the 3rd group (n = 48) PCT with NOR 650 nm, patients of the 4th group (n = 21) imitation of PCT (placebo). Patients of the 1st group (n = 28) received only standard treatment. Results. The positive effect of NOR 540 nm on the psychoemotional state and NOR 650 nm on the quality of life of patients with psoriasis has been demonstrated. Conclusion. Thus, taking into account the significant positive effect of green radiation (NOR 540 nm) on the indicators of the psychoemotional state of patients with psoriasis in the advanced stage and the positive effect of red radiation (NOR 650 nm) on the indices of integral dermatological index of quality of life (improving the quality of life), NOR with these wavelengths can be recommended in the complex therapy of patients with exacerbation of psoriasis to increase the overall effectiveness of treatment.

There are results of a comparative phase III clinical study on the efficiency and safety of the biosimilar drug Genolar® (Generium JSC, Russia) and the reference drug Xolair® (Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland) ((NCT04607629). The study is aimed to establish the clinical equivalence of the compared drugs for additional therapy of patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma (BA) are considered in the article. Methods. The study enrolled 191 patients aged 18 to 75 years with a moderate to severe atopic asthma for ≥ 1 year, the symptoms of which were insufficiently controlled by therapy corresponding to the 4 th stage of treatment (GINA, 2017) for ≥ 2 months before the screening. Patients were divided into the two groups in a ratio of 2 : 1 with the block randomization. 127 patients of the Group 1 were administered Genolar® for 52 weeks ± 3 days; 64 patients of the Group 2 were administered Xolair® for 26 weeks ± 3 days. The dose and frequency of the compared drugs administration were determined based both the initial IgE concentration (IU/mL) measured before treatment and the current body weight (kg) of the patient. The recommended omal-izumab dose was 75 to 600 mg once every 2 or 4 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the patients’ percentage with a physician evaluation of “excellent” or “good” on the Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) scale after 26 weeks of comparative treatment. Results. According to the data analysis results, the patients’ proportion with a GETE score of “excellent” or “good” after 26 weeks of therapy were no statistically significant differences between the groups in both investigated populations (PP-population (per protocol) and FAS-population (full analyses set)) (p > 0.05). Primary efficacy endpoint data analysis showed that the patients’ proportion of the PP population with a GETE score of “excellent” or “good” was 57.4% of the Group 1 and 45.2% of the Group 2 (p = 0.132). The calculated one-sided 95% CI in order to test the study statistical hypothesis showed that the investigated drug Genolar® (Generium JSC, Russia) is “non-inferior” than the reference drug. The PP population onesided 95% CI was from -0.5 to 25.0% (p = 0.116), the FAS population one was from -1.1 to 24.2% (p = 0.134). According to the safety analysis results, the comparability of the investigated and reference drugs in terms of the frequency of the adverse events was demonstrated. The analysis results of the anti-drug antibodies to omalizumab detection revealed the antibody production absence in response to the administration of the studied drugs. Conclusion. The clinical study results have proved the equivalence of the biological analogue Genolar® (Generium JSC, Russia) and the reference drug Xolair® (Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland).

The article discusses the formation of complex tasks of information support processes of development, manufacturing and subsequent mass long-term operation of new and advanced aircraft, aimed at further development of innovative approaches to integrated cross-industry system (platform) after-sales support of technical and flight-technical operation of civil aircraft. The article reveals the content of the main tasks focused on ensuring and managing flight safety in civil aviation of Russia and interrelated with the recommendations and legislative requirements of Annex 19 to the ICAO Convention and the Safety Management Manual. The most important factor in this case is to take into account the most complex requirements for the flight safety management system associated with maintaining the airworthiness of aircraft as a mode of transport of particular risk of use. The analysis was carried out and the General Scheme of the Multifunctional Integrated Platform was developed within the framework of the Information and Analytical Support System for the technical operation of aircraft components in relation to the scientific and production enterprise "Aerosila". The developed integrated platform realized in this air enterprise and providing information support on the allocated main functional modules is presented: the module "Safety Management System"; the module "Quality System"; the module "Certification" on the allocated objects of certification. As a result, a common information and analytical system was built, taking into account the degree of its implementation in the conditions of “Aerosila” air enterprise.

Aim. To study the level of activity of lysosomal cysteine proteases (cathepsins H, B, L) in blood plasma and fractionated leukocytes (polymorphonuclear and mononuclear) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease in comparison with similar indicators in persons without signs of neurodegeneration as a possible marker of Alzheimer’s disease development and diagnosis. Materials and methods. The spectrofluorimetric study of cathepsins B, L, H activity level in plasma and fractionated leukocytes was conducted in 22 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in comparison with the same indicators in 22 patients matched by sex, age and associated diseases with patients of the observation group, but having no signs of neurodegeneration. Results. The activity of all three enzymes, and especially cathepsin H, increased significantly in blood plasma. A significant increase is also noted in the activity of cathepsins H, B, and L in homogenates of fractionated leukocytes. At the same time, in both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes the greatest degree of changes is demonstrated by the activity of cathepsin B, and the least is the activity of cathepsin L. Given the available data on an increased cathepsin B activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, we can assume a correlation between the state of lysosomal proteases activity in the Central nervous system and in the peripheral blood cells. Conclusion. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with increased activity of cysteine cathepsins in plasma, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes of peripheral blood, which can be considered as one of the possible markers of development and diagnosis of the disease.

A numerical method for solving the Reynolds equations for the problem of the flow around a rectangular wing in the buffeting mode is validated and the flow around an infinitely long rectangular wing by an infinite transonic gas stream is calculated. It is shown that, instead of a two-dimensional flow, a flow that is periodic along the lateral coordinate is realized. In addition, there are time-periodic oscillations of the flow along the longitudinal coordinate (buffeting). The presence of the side walls of the pipe deforms this periodic structure and changes the buffeting frequency. The calculation of the flow around the wing–fuselage structure of a mainline aircraft in the transonic buffeting mode shows that the flow oscillations occur in a limited region of the wing both in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Experimental works are preformed to process the substandard wastes of a cast VZhM4-VI nickel superalloy, the carbon content of which exceeds the requirements of standards and does not allow their further use as a charge material. Some technological solutions have been tested, including high-temperature treatment of a melt (HTTM) at various temperatures and holding times, the use of an oxidizing agent in the form of nickel oxide, and their complex application. The efficiency of each of the proposed solutions in terms of the decarburization of the melt is considered, their kinetic dependences are established, and the advantages and disadvantages of each solution are noted. The results obtained demonstrate that the most effective technological solution is the combined use of HTTM and the oxidizing agent, which makes it possible to use a limited amount of the wastes after recycling in melting a VZhM4-VI alloy and provide significant savings in the scarce and expensive fresh alloy components such as ruthenium, rhenium, and tantalum.

This study presents the results of studying the psycho-emotional sphere and coping behavior of adolescents with mild mental retardation living in a boarding school, taking into account the possibility of maintaining relationships with family.

The issue of high-current electron-beam transport in the LIA-5 accelerator is discussed. The results of numerical simulation of beam transport in the 15-m-long LIA-5 accelerator channel are presented. The ASTRA macroparticle (PIC) code and two codes developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (a code based on the solution of the Kapchinsky–Vladimirsky system of equations (K–V envelope code) and the UltraSAM code implementing the method of boundary integral equations) are used in this simulation. The experimental data agree closely with the simulation results. The electron-beam envelope is reconstructed based on the experimental luminophore data using the K–V envelope code with a genetic algorithm.

The data presented in the review indicate that despite modern advances in chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy of neoplasms, radiation therapy is a common method of treating malignant tumors of various localization. The most compelling evidence of efficacy exists for systemic therapy with TCDO / WF10, cranberry capsules, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid preparations. The presence of many methods of treatment of radiation-induced cystitis described in the literature: systemic, local with the use of physical methods, combinations of different methods – indicates the absence of a single concept for the prevention and treatment of this severe complication of radiation therapy justifies the relevance of further study of treatment protocols from the standpoint of evidence-based and personalized medicine.