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The high design luminosity of the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider will result in challenging levels of beam-induced backgro\ unds in the interaction region. Understanding and mitigating these backgrounds is critical to the success of the Belle~II experi\ ment. We report on the first background measurements performed after roll-in of the Belle II detector, a period known as SuperKE\ KB Phase 2, utilizing both the BEAST II system of dedicated background detectors and the Belle II detector itself. We also repor\ t on first revisions to the background simulation made in response to our findings. Backgrounds measured include contributions f\ rom synchrotron radiation, beam-gas, Touschek, and injection backgrounds. At the end of Phase 2, single-beam backgrounds origina\ ting from the 4 GeV positron Low Energy Ring (LER) agree reasonably well with simulation, while backgrounds from the 7 GeV elect\ ron High Energy Ring (HER) are approximately one order of magnitude higher than simulation. We extrapolate these backgrounds for\ ward and conclude it is safe to install the Belle II vertex detector., Comment: 22 Pages, 33 figures

Background Pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing may enhance patients’ confidence in the safety and efficacy of prescribed medications. Purpose To evaluate public perception of PGx testing. Material and methods A self-administered questionnaire was developed and psychometrically evaluated using a two round Delphi technique for validation and test–retest for reliability. The questionnaire consisted of two sections (A and B) with a total of 20 questions. Section A dealt with general questions about PGx testing and section B focused on participants’ willingness towards PGx testing. Following ethics approval, 500 participants were recruited by convenience sampling over 6 weeks (June and July 2016); 250 from public places in 11 different localities and 250 from 5 community pharmacies in different localities. Participants in health oriented occupations were excluded. Descriptive statistics were calculated with IBM SPSS V.23. Results Of the 500 participants, the majority (61%) were women, mean age was 45 years (range 18–86 years) and most (37%) were educated to post-secondary level. The majority (85%) were not aware of the term PGx testing. Following an explanation by the investigator, most participants indicated that they would be ‘very willing’ to have a PGx test performed to assess the effectiveness (37%) and safety (39%) of their prescribed medications and the majority (51%) ‘strongly agreed’ that a PGx test would prevent them from taking an inappropriate drug or dose. The majority (70%) of participants identified drugs to treat cancer as the drug class for which they perceived PGx testing to be most important. The majority (67%) of participants selected the physician as the professional who should perform the test. As regards the preferred location to have the test performed, the majority (61%) selected the hospital. When asked about the cost of PGx testing, most (42%) participants thought the test should be free of charge. As regards time for result, the majority (56%) of participants would expect to have the result within a few days. Most participants (40%) ‘strongly agreed’ that PGx testing should be performed routinely. Conclusion Participants in this study had a positive overall perception of PGx testing and presented expectations of PGx testing as a means to assess efficacy and safety of prescribed medications. No conflict of interest

Die Darstellung, der Konstitutionsbeweis und die katalytischen Eigenschaften der Isatin-4-sulfonsaure und einiger ihrer Amide werden beschrieben.