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The Ionosphere PhotoMeter (IPM) is a far ultraviolet nadir-viewing photometer that flew aboard the second-generation, polar-orbiting Chinese meteorological satellite Feng-Yun 3D (FY-3D), which was launched on November 25th, 2017. By observing far ultraviolet night-time OI 135.6 nm emissions, which are produced by the recombination of O+ ions and electrons, the F2 layer peak electron density (NmF2) can be deduced. During daytime IPM was designed to measure the OI 135.6 nm and N2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) band emissions, which would be used to infer the O/N2 ratio, a key diagnostic of neutral dynamics in the daytime. The paper shows the measurement results from IPM taken during its initial months of Operation. A quantitative comparison showing NmF2 from IPM and ground-based ionosondes is presented, and the correlation value R between the ground-based ionosondes and the satellite NmF2 is 0.91. The global O/N2 ratio distribution during geomagnetic storm on 25 through 30 August is presented and illustrated, which could show the latitudes of the ionospheric positive/negative storm in different longitude ranges. The O/N2 ratio significantly decreases during the main and recovery phase of the storm as expected. The correlation value R between the O/N2 ratio retrieved from IPM data and the ionospheric electron density provided by ground-based ionosondes during storms in August 2018 is about 0.78.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of liraglutide/liraglutide + metformin in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The related literatures published until April 2021 were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and EmBase. Six randomized controlled trials of 127 related articles were obtained through searching. Three articles compared liraglutide with metformin, and four articles compared liraglutide combined with metformin with metformin. Our meta-analysis suggests that liraglutide was superior to metformin only in weight loss [MD = − 2.74, 95% CI (− 4.29, − 1.18), P = 0.0006]. Compared with metformin group, the combination group had significant advantages in weight loss [MD = − 3.81, 95% CI (− 5.16, − 2.46), P

To explore the regulatory effect of magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine and labetalol on disease-related molecules in serum and placenta in the treatment of preeclampsia.Altogether 100 patients with preeclampsia admitted to the ChildrenWomen's Healthcare of Laiwu City were selected. They were divided into control group and experimental group according to different treatment methods. Among them, 51 patients in the control group were treated with magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine, and 49 patients in the experimental group were treated with labetalol on the basis of the treatment in the control group. The therapeutic effects of the two methods were compared. The levels of the following factors in the two groups were compared: kallikrein expression, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), pregnancy-specific β1 glycoprotein (SPI), placental growth factor (PLGF), human placental prolactin (HPL), transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin in serum and placenta tissues.After treatment, the blood pressure in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (p0.05). The expression of kallikrein in serum and placental tissue of the patients in the experimental group was higher than that of the patients in the control group (p0.05); PAPP-A level was lower than that in the control group (p0.05); TGF-β1 level was higher than that in the control group (p0.05); VCAM-1 and E-selectin were lower than those in the control group (p0.05), and kallikrein and TGF-β1 in serum and placenta in the non-occurrence group were higher than those in the occurrence group (p0.05). The serum and placenta PAPP-A, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in the non-occurrence group were lower than those in the occurrence group (p0.05).Magnesium sulfate combined with nifedipine and labetalol has good efficacy in the treatment of preeclampsia. They can promote the expression of endogenous kallikrein, reduce the level of pregnancy-related hypertension predictors, and weaken the infiltration ability of cytotrophoblasts.

A 67-year-old female patient with incontinent dermatitis complicated with sacrococcygeal pressure ulcer was admitted to our unit in November 2017. The wound was treated with a new dressing based on the concept of wet healing, management of exudation, prevention of infection to promote wound healing. Meanwhile, the fecal incontinence was properly treated with colostomy bag combined with disposable negative pressure drainage device to avoid fecal contamination and aggravation of pressure ulcer. Incontinent dermatitis was treated with wound protective powder and wound protective film. After 14 days of treatment, the wound of pressure ulcer was reduced and the incontinent dermatitis was cured.笔者单位2017年11月收治1例67岁失禁性皮炎合并骶尾部压疮的女性患者，采用管理渗液、预防感染、运用湿性愈合理念使用新型敷料处理创面等方法，促进压疮创面愈合；同时合理利用造口袋联合一次性负压引流装置处理大便失禁，避免大便污染创面加重压疮；采用造口护肤粉及伤口保护膜治疗失禁性皮炎。经过14 d治疗，患者压疮创面缩小，失禁性皮炎痊愈。.

Here we report on the structural and electronic phase diagram of lithium and ethylenediamine intercalated FeSe in a wide range of dopant concentration $(x=0\ensuremath{\sim}0.8)$. Undoped ${({\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{8}{\mathrm{N}}_{2})}_{y}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ crystallizes in an orthorhombic phase. With increasing lithium doping, an orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition occurs at $x=0.35$, and the superconducting tetragonal phase persists until $x=0.5$. Meanwhile, the ${T}_{c}$ is found dependent strongly on dopant concentration, raising rapidly from 30 K at $x=0.35$ to 45 K at $x=0.5$. The crystal structures of $\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}_{0.31(3)}{({\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{8}{\mathrm{N}}_{2})}_{0.52(7)}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{2.03(2)}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ are determined by using high-resolution neutron diffraction data at 5, 60, 150, and 295 K, respectively. The distortion of the FeSe tetrahedron is enhanced significantly from 150 to 295 K, meanwhile, the normal-state Hall resistivity changes sign from negative to positive in the same temperature range. The dominant hole carrier in electron-doped $\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}_{0.5}{({\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{8}{\mathrm{N}}_{2})}_{y}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ above 230 K suggests that the temperature-induced structure distortion may lead to a reconstruction of the Fermi surface topology and the appearance of hole pockets.

The Ionosphere Photometer (IPM) is a far ultraviolet nadir-viewing photometer that flew aboard the second-generation, polar-orbiting Chinese meteorological satellite FY-3D, which was launched on November 25th, 2017. The F2 layer peak electron density (NmF2) and O/N2 the column density ratio can be deduced by far ultraviolet measurements of night-time OI 135.6 nm emissions, which are produced by the recombination of O+ ions and electrons, and the day-time OI 135.6 nm and N2LBH wavelength emissions produced by the photoelectron impact excitation of atomic oxygen O and molecular nitrogen N2. Analysis of the IPM data indicated the stray light at 135.6 nm wavelength is under deducted. Based on comparison with the emissive intensity calculation of AURIC model, the day-time data was conducted to make a revision of stray light. The reliable factor (1.13) of stray light subtraction was obtained by fitting the median values of the observed data points per each latitude bin to the model data. According to the O/N2 error estimation from the estimated factor of the stray light, when the factor does not change by more than 0.03, the error of O/N2 ratio from the factor will not exceed 20%. The O/N2 changes retrieved from revised IPM data during storms in April and August 2018 are well correlated with Dst indices. The research results show that the IPM data could provide a good monitoring of O/N2 changes during magnetic storms.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） genoty-ping in combination with identity by state （IBS） strategy in full sibling testing. Methods Thirty-five blood samples were collected from a four-generation family. Ninety autosomal SNPs were genotyped using Precision ID Identity Panel. The distribution of IBS scores for full siblings and other relationships were calculated and compared. The relationships were determined using Fisher discriminant function and threshold method, respectively. Results Based on family members and previous research, 44, 30, 111, 71 and 1 000 pairs of full siblings （FS）, grandparent-grandchild （GG）, uncle/aunt-nephew/niece （UN）, first cousins （FC） and unrelated individuals （UI） were obtained, respectively. The average IBS scores were 148, 130, 132, 124 and 120, respectively. Except for the GG and UN pairs, the distribution differences among the other relationships had statistical significance （基于NGS-SNP分型和IBS策略进行全同胞关系鉴定.目的 评估单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）分型结合状态一致性（identity by state，IBS）分析策略进行全同胞鉴定的效能。 方法 收集一个四代家系共35个成员的血样，采用Precision ID Identity Panel对90个常染色体SNP进行分型。统计并比较全同胞与其他亲缘关系IBS评分分布的差异，分别采用Fisher判别函数法和阈值法进行各种亲缘关系判定。 结果 基于家系和前期研究，分别获得全同胞、祖孙、叔侄（姨甥）、第一代堂表亲关系共44、30、111、71对以及无关个体1 000对，平均IBS评分分别为148、130、132、124、120。除祖孙与叔侄（姨甥）关系外，其余关系之间的IBS评分差异均有统计学意义（法医遗传学；单核苷酸多态性；同胞关系；状态一致性；下一代测序.

Twelve novel triazolothiadiazole derivatives were synthesized from 4-amino-5-substituted-4 H -1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with various aromatic carboxylic acids by cyclization in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activities of the title compounds were examined by disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pyricularia oryzae and Rhizoctnia solani . The bioassay indicated all synthesized triazolothiadiazole derivatives possessed moderate to good antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested organisms. Especially, compounds 2e and 2k exhibited excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities among these triazolothiadiazole derivatives. KEY WORDS : Triazolothiadiazole, Triazole, Thiadiazole, Antimicrobial activity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2017 , 31(3), 481-489. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v31i3.12

The myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) family includes Myf5, MyoD1, Myf4, and Mfy6 genes. This experiment assessed the variation of Myf5 and MyoD1 genes from birth to maturity (30, 210, and 360 days) in the back muscle tissue of Wuzhishan pigs (WZSP), and the expression of Myf5 and MyoD1 mRNA in the heart, liver, lung, spleen, kidney, muscle, stomach, and intestine tissues were also examined. The results indicate that the expression level of mRNA for Myf5 and MyoD1 genes in the back muscle tissue is directly proportional to age (P < 0.05). Furthermore, of the eight adult pig tissue types that were tested, the expression of Myf5 and MyoD1 was highest in the muscle tissue.

To investigate the clinical significance of the expression of PSMA (prostate specific membrane antigen), TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase), and PDEF (prostate derived Ets factor) in malignant tumors of the prostate.The study was conducted with paraffin slices from 33 specimens of malignant tumors of the prostate and 17 of normal tissue. We found high levels of PSMA, TERT, and PDEF protein by Western blot and immunofluorescence in the malignant tumor of the prostate. We also detected upregulation of PSMA, TERT, and PDEF mRNA in the malignant tumor of the prostate, suggesting complex regulation of these three genes in prostate cancer.Variance analysis showed statistically significant differences comparing the expression of PSMA, TERT, and PDEF in the malignant tumor of the prostate and normal tissues. The high expression of PSMA, TERT, and PDEF in the malignant tumor of the prostate suggests the important roles of these three factors in the occurrence and development of the malignant tumors of the prostate.PSMA, TERT, and PDEF may serve as a reference for clinical diagnosis and as potential targets for the malignant tumor of the prostate therapeutics.

Our study is intended to explore the correlation of long non-coding RNA CCHE1 (CCHE1) and clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer patients, and evaluate the impact of CCHE1 on the prognosis of cervical cancer.The CCHE1 expression in cervical cancer tissues was examined by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and its correlation with clinicopathological features was also analyzed. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was generated following a log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were finally used to determine the independent factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) times.Our results showed that higher CCHE1 expression was found in cervical cancer tissues compared with the match normal cervical tissues. Then, we found that high levels of CCHE1 expression correlated with FIGO stage (p= 0.014), tumor size (p = 0.007), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.022) and HPV (p = 0.001). Results of Kaplan-Meier survival curve revealed that patients with low CCHE1 expression had better OS (p = 0.019) and RFS (p = 0.006) than patients with high CCHE1 expression. Finally, overexpression of CCHE1 was supposed to be an independent poor prognostic factor for predicting the 5-year RFS and OS of cervical cancer patients through multivariate analysis.Increased CCHE1 was associated with poor survival in cervical cancer patients, suggesting that CCHE1 was a potential prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer.

Recent studies have demonstrated that mutations in 4 podocyte genes, NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1, are associated with the pathogenesis of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Systematic investigation of all 4 genes for sporadic SRNS in China has not been performed. We examined 10 Chinese children with sporadic SRNS who showed no response to immunosuppressive agents and 20 SRNS controls who exhibited a response to prolonged steroid or immunosuppressive treatment and achieved complete remission. We analyzed mutations in the 4 podocyte genes, NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1. Mutational analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Of the 10 SRNS children who showed no response to immunosuppressive agents, the compound heterozygous NPHS1 mutations 2677A>G (T893A) and *142T>C were identified in 1 patient, while a heterozygous mutation in WT1, 1180C>T (R394W), was found in another patient. Of the 20 SRNS children showing complete remission who responded to prolonged steroid therapy or immunosuppressive agents, 4 heterozygous NPHS1 mutations, 928G>A, IVS8+30C>T, IVS21+14G>A, and IVS25-23C>T, were identified in 4 patients and a heterozygous CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A, was identified in 1 patient. Our results indicate the necessity of genetic examination for mutations in podocyte genes in Chinese SRNS children who show no response to immunosuppressive agents.

The New York Times ( NYT) receives more citations from academic journals than the American Sociological Review, Research Policy, or the Harvard Law Review. This article explores the reasons why scholars cite the NYT so much. Reasons include studying the newspaper itself or New York City, establishing public interest in a topic by referencing press coverage, introducing specificity, and treating the NYT very much like an academic journal. The phenomenon seems to reflect a mode 2 type of scholarship produced in the context of application, organizationally diverse, socially accountable, and aiming to be socially useful as well as high quality as assessed by peers.

To investigate the optimal anticoagulation methods and monitoring strategy for Chinese patients undergoing heart valve replacement, which is potentially quite different from western populations.In this multicenter prospective cohort study, the anticoagulation and monitoring strategy data was acquired from 25 773 in-hospital patients in 35 medical centers and 20 519 patients in outpatient clinic in 11 medical centers from January 1st, 2011 to December 31th, 2015.As for in-hospital patients, mean age of study population was (48.6±11.2) years old; main etiology of valve pathology was rheumatic (87.5%) origin among study cohort; 94.8% of study population received mechanical valve implantation; international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring (in all the study centers) and low-intensity anticoagulation strategy (31 hospitals chose target INR range of 1.5-2.5, and actual values of INR among 89.2% of 100 069 in-hospital monitoring samples were 1.5-2.5), with mean actual INR values of 1.84±0.53, and warfarin dosage of (2.82±0.93) mg/d were widely adopted among the study centers; strategies of in-hospital warfarin administration were similar in all the study centers; complication rates of low-intensity anticoagulation strategy were low in severe hemorrhage (0.02%), thrombosis (0.05%), and thromboembolism (0.05%) events, without anticoagulation-related death.As for 18 974 outpatient clinic patients, the follow-up rate was 92.47%, with a total of 30 012 patient-years (Pty). Anticoagulation-related morbidity and mortality rates were 0.67% and 0.15% Pty; major hemorrhage morbidity and mortality rates were 0.25% and 0.13% Pty; thromboembolism morbidity and mortality rates were 0.45% and 0.03% Pty.The mean dosage of warfarin daily dosage was (2.85±1.23) mg/d and INR value was 1.82±0.57.No significant regional difference in the intensity of anticoagulation therapy was noted during the study.INR can be used as a normalized indicator for intensity of anticoagulation therapy in China.The optimal anticoagulation intensity with INR range from 1.5 to 2.5 is safe and effective for Chinese patients with heart valve replacement, and there is no significant regional difference in the intensity of anticoagulation therapy.

Triangular trihedral corner reflector (CR) has been widely used as point target for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) calibration and image quality assessment. The additional “tip” of the triangular plate does not contribute to the reflector’s theoretical RCS and if it interacts with a perfectly reflecting ground plane, it will yield an increase of RCS at the radar bore-sight and decrease the accuracy of SAR calibration and image quality assessment. Regarding this problem, two types of CRs were manufactured. One was the hexagonal trihedral CR. It is a self-illuminating CR with relatively small plate edge length, while large edge length usually introduces unexpected edge diffraction error. The other was the triangular trihedral CR with extended bottom plate which considers the effect of ‘tip’ into the total RCS. In order to assess the performance of the two types of new CRs, flight campaign over the National Calibration and Validation Site for High Resolution Remote Sensors was carried out. Six hexagonal trihedral CRs and two bottom-extended trihedral CRs, as well as several traditional triangular trihedral CRs, were deployed. KOMPSAT-5 X-band SAR image was acquired for the performance analysis of the hexagonal trihedral CRs. C-band airborne SAR images were acquired for the performance analysis of the bottom-extended trihedral CRs. The analysis results showed that the impulse response function of both the hexagonal trihedral CRs and bottom-extended trihedral CRs were much closer to the ideal sinc-function than the traditional triangular trihedral CRs. The flight campaign results validated the advantages of new types of CRs and they might be useful in the future SAR calibration mission., {"references":["Y. S. Zhou, W. Hong, Y. P. Wang, and Y. R. Wu, \"Maximal effective baseline for polarimetric interferometric SAR forest height estimation,\" Science China Information Sciences, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 867-876, 2012.","A. Freeman, \"SAR calibration: An overview,\" IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1107-1121, Nov. 1992.","A. W. Doerry, \"Reflectors for SAR Performance Testing,\" Sandia National Laboratories 2008.","K. Sarabandi and T. C. Chiu, \"Optimum corner reflectors for calibration of imaging radars,\" IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 1348-1361, 1996.","C. R. Li, Y. S. Zhou and L. L. Ma, \"Analysis of Optimal Panel Geometry for Self-Illustration Corner Reflector,\" in Proc. Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, Guangzhou, China, pp. 1425-1429.","Y. S. Zhou, C. R. Li, L. L. Ma, M. Y. Yang, and Q. Liu, \"Improved trihedral corner reflector for high-precision SAR calibration and validation,\" in Proc. 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Quebec, Canada, 2014, pp. 454-457.","A. W. Doerry and B. C. Brock, \"Radar Cross Section of Triangular Trihedral Reflector with Extended Bottom Plate,\" Sandia National Laboratories 2009."]}

Summary Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum spirochaete bacterium. The killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene family encodes cell surface receptors that are found on natural killer (NK) cells and certain T-cell subsets. NK cells are fast-acting effector lymphocytes of innate immunity that respond to infection. The activity of NK cells depends on the dynamic balance of activating and inhibitory signals that are transmitted through respective receptors including KIRs. KIR2DS4 is the only activating KIR gene in KIR haplotype A. KIR1D is a partial deletion KIR2DS4 variant encoding protein devoid of transmembrane region. Up to now, there is no knowledge of association of KIR2DS4 and its variant KIR1D with syphilis in a population that belongs to KIR gene haplotype A. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) method was used to genotype KIR genes in 190 patients with syphilis and 192 healthy controls. The gene frequencies of KIR2DS4 and KIR1D were analysed for the association with syphilis in patients and healthy controls who belong to KIR gene haplotype A. The gene frequency of KIR1D/KIR1D in patients with syphilis classified as haplotype A was 16.85% and was significantly higher than that in the control group (6.59%) (P = 0.032). However, there was no significant difference for the gene frequencies of KIR2DS4/KIR2DS4 and KIR2DS4/KIR1D between the two groups (P > 0.05). KIR1D/KIR1D was found in association with susceptibility to syphilis in the Chinese Han population that belongs to KIR gene haplotype A.

In this paper, the morphological variation of collagen among the whole dermis from keloid tissue was investigated using second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. In the deep dermis of keloids, collagen bundles show apparently regular gap. In the middle dermis, the collagen bundles are randomly oriented and loosely arranged in the pattern of fine mesh while the collagen bundles are organized in a parallel manner in the superficial dermis near the epidermis. The developed parameters COI and BD can be used to further quantitatively describe these changes. Our results demonstrate the potential of SHG microscopy to understand the formation process of human keloid scar at the cellular level through imaging collagen variations in different depth of dermis.

The kinetics of the isochronal austenite γ to ferrite α transformation of Fe–0·055 wt-%N alloy was investigated for cooling rates in the range of 5–15 K min− by high resolution dilatometry. In accordance with thermodynamic characteristics of γ→α transformation investigated in this study and previous kinetic theory, a Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kologoromov (JMAK)-like approach for the kinetics of isochronal phase transformations was developed that incorporates three overlapping processes: site saturation nucleation, alternate growth modes (transition from interface- to diffusion-controlled growth) as well as impingement for random distribution nuclei. The JMAK-like approach has been employed to fit the experimental results, and the fitting results show that the γ→α transformation of Fe–0·055 wt-%N alloy does have two stages: a first, short interface-controlled growth stage and a second, long diffusion-controlled growth stage. In addition, soft impingement effect has been recognised to become serious in th...

Broiler carcass skin color is important in China, the United States, Mexico, and other countries. The present study evaluated the use of natural and synthetic pigments in broiler diets at different commercial levels. The experiment included 288 fifty-day-old Da-Ma-Hua birds, divided into 6 treatments. Birds in 4 treatments were fed a basal diet consisting of 2, 3, 4, or 5% okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Meth., also known as abelmosk or ram-horn bean] meal, respectively. Birds in another treatment received a basal diet without okra, and birds in a sixth treatment were fed a blend of 25 g/metric ton of 10% canthaxanthin and 50 g/metric ton of 10% carotenoic acid, β-apo-8′-ethylesters. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates of 16 birds each. The experiment lasted 6 wk. Skin color was measured with a Kemin color fan after slaughter and chilling at wk 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of treatment. Pigmentation of the chicken skin and abdominal fat were significantly improved (P breast > abdomen > back. The addition of okra meal had no significant influence on daily gain or the feed-to-gain ratio (P > 0.05). This study shows that xanthophyll-rich okra meal can be used as a natural pigment source in poultry feed, which may allow pigment use and feed costs to be reduced.

Oxide heterojunctions composed of manganite films of different tolerance factors and SrTiO3 : Nb are fabricated and their rectifying properties are experimentally studied. The current-voltage characteristics of the junctions are found to be dominated by diffusion current at high temperatures and by tunnelling current at low temperatures. Further analyses on the rectifying behaviours of the junctions indicate the occurrence of a built-in voltage independent of manganites, despite the great resistivity change of the manganites and the metal-to-insulator transition above 350 K ( for La0.67Sr0.33MnO3) and similar to 87K ( for La0.29Pr0.38Ca0.33MnO3). In contrast, the increase in the Nb content causes a reduction of the built-in voltage by similar to 0.2 eV. The presence of the depletion layer insensitive to the phase transition of the manganites is believed to be responsible for the present observations.

A new synthesis procedure of PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controllers for nth-order all pole plants with dead-time is developed via a parameter space approach. A necessary and sufficient condition-based graphical stability criterion is applied to determine the complete stabilising regions of PID controllers. First, the admissible stabilising range of the proportional-gain is derived in terms of a version of the Hermite–Beihler theorem applicable to quasi-polynomials. Then, the boundaries of the stabilising region in the integral-derivative plane are drawn directly, not calculated mathematically, for a fixed value of proportional-gain in the stabilising range. An algorithm for determining the stabilising parameter set of the PID controller is also proposed. Finally, numerical examples are given to show the shapes of the stabilising regions of the PID controllers for different order plants with dead-time.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate potential associations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms and ectopic pregnancy (EP) in Chinese women.This was a case-control study wherein 192 women with a history of EP were compared to 210 post-menopausal controls with two pregnancies and no EP for the genotyping of VEGF polymorphisms. Genotyping of the VEGF gene polymorphisms at -460C/T, -1 154G/A, -2578C/A and +936C/T were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.No significant differences were found in genotype and allele distributions of the -460C/T, +936C/T polymorphisms between cases and controls. Compared with the -1154G/G genotype, the -1154(A/A+G/A) genotype could significantly reduce the risk of developing EP. For the -2578C/A polymorphism, the A/A+C/A geno- type could significantly decrease the risk of developing EP, compared with the C/C genotype. The haplotype analysis suggested that the TAA (VEGF -460/-1154/-2578) and CAA haplotypes could significantly decrease the risk of developing EP compared with the haplotype of TGC.The -1154A or -2578A alleles of VEGF gene could significantly decrease the risk of EP and might be po- tentially protective factors for EP development in Chinese women.

The experiment was carried out to study the low frequency surface waves due to the horizontal high frequency excitation. The feature of the phenomenon was that the big amplitude axisymmetric surface wave frequency was typically about 1/50 of the excitation frequency. The viscous effect of water was neglected as a first approximation in the earlier papers on this subject. In contrast, we found the viscosity was important to achieve the low frequency water wave with the cooperation of hundreds of "finger" waves. Photographs were taken with stroboscopic lighting and thereafter relevant quantitative results were obtained based on the measurements with Polytec Scanning Vibrometer PSV 400.

LetA={a 1, …,a k} and {b 1, …,b k} be two subsets of an abelian groupG, k≤|G|. Snevily conjectured that, when |G| is odd, there is a numbering of the elements ofB such thata i+b i,1≤i≤k are pairwise distinct. By using a polynomial method, Alon affirmed this conjecture for |G| prime, even whenA is a sequence ofk

1) The storage ring operation energy was raised to 1.5 GeV, the maximum value limited by dipole magnets, to improve electron beam lifetime and to extend its spectrum to higher energies in 1996. 2) Five permanent-magnet insertion devices have been constructed and installed, as listed in Table I, by the end of 1999 to provide synchrotron radiation with higher brightness and energies. In 2003, the U10 undulator was removed and loaned to ANKA, Germany. 3) The booster energy was increased from 1.3 to 1.5 GeV. With this accomplishment, the facility can perform full energy injection and reduces the transient behavior between shifts, opening the possibility of top-up injection mode. 4) The stability of electron beam has been improved. With the raise of electron beam position monitors (EBPM) resolution to better than 1μm, the reduction of both air and cooling water temperature fluctuations to less than ±0.1 , and the °C implementation of the global feedback system, the beam orbit stability of ~ 1μm with a drift of ~ 5μm in a single shift is routinely achievable now.

In this paper, a discrete system model and its equation of motion for beams with arbitrary supports at two ends are established. These supports include elastic, rigid and free supports in translation and rotation directions. Based on theory of oscillatory matrices, a series of qualitative properties of frequencies and modes of this system are derived. The basic properties include: non-zero frequencies are distinct; the ith displacement mode has i - 1 nodes; nodes of ith mode and (i + 1)th mode interlace.Some additional important qualitative properties owned by rotation modes and strain modes are given as well.

On June 14, 1998, a Pi 2 pulsation of unusually large amplitude was observed simultaneously by ground stations located in both of dayside and nightside local time sectors and with 145-degree latitude span (from 70.6°N to 74.7° S). The geomagnetic field observed by stations in nightside clearly showed substrom signatures at the event time and it appeared that the dayside Pi 2 signature is also associated with the substorm. We analyzed the polarization of the dayside Pi 2 wave in the horizontal plane and found that the longitudinal variation of the polarization agreed with that generated by a current wedge. This has previously been reported for nighttime Pi 2 but is unexpected for daytime events.

A Kirkpatrick–Baez (K–B) mirror system is designed while considering gain, efficiency, and focal spot size to theoretically achieve a spot size of 6.7×2.9 μm2 and a gain of 6.2×103 in the elliptical polarization undulator (EPU) soft X-ray beamline. This mirror system, which contains two high order polynomial corrected cylindrical mirrors (i.e., horizontal microfocusing mirror, HMFM, and vertical microfocusing mirror, VMFM) with a monolithic flexure-hinge design, can collect and microfocus the undulator source into a nearly perfect point image. To ensure that the mirrors are easily mounted and adjusted, a modular system on a rotatable CF flange is designed to independently motorize each mirror with four degrees of freedom.

Bimorph piezoelectric optics with a third-order-polynomial surface is designed and a prototype is fabricated as active optics. Two pairs of silicon (Si) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic are bonded as Si–PZT–PZT-Si together with a multi-electrode or thin film resistor coating used as the control electrode between Si and PZT and metallic films as grounding between the interface of PZT ceramics. A linear voltage is applied to the bimorph PZT optics by probing the control electrodes from a two-channel controllable power supplier. In doing so, the optics surface can achieve a desired third-order-polynomial surface. Reducing hysteresis and creep in bimorph PZT X-ray optics is the only feasible way by inserting an appropriate capacitor in series with bimorph PZT optics to significantly reduce both effects.

A novel high resolution, high flux bending magnet beamline with an energy range from 5to 40eV has beenconstructed at SRRC. This Dragon-like beamline, which horizontally collects 50mrad of synchrotron radiationfrom a bending magnet source, uses four cylindrical gratings with an included angle of 1408 and a movablecurved exit slit. The average photon flux with an energy resolving power of 1000 is about 2 1210 photons/s,which is among the highest of all existing VUV bending magnet beamlines. An energy resolving power of24000 at 6.8eV has been obtained from the Schumann–Runge bands (B 3 P u 3XP g ) absorption spectra ofO 2 gas. A photon flux of 3 10 9 photons/s is measured at the energy resolving power of 24000. This high fluxbending magnet beamline offers excellent opportunities for VUV experiments with a wide range spectrum. # 2001ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved. PACS: 33.80. b;39.30.+w;42.79.Dj;51.50.+vKeywords: Beamline;Highflux;Highresolution 1.IntroductionAhighfluxandhighresolutionbendingmagnetbeamlinewithanenergyrangefrom5to40eVhasbeenconstructedatSRRC[1]fortheexperimentsofdilutesystems,oflowsignal-to-noiseratio,andexperimentswhichrequirelowenergyphotonsandverygoodenergyresolution.Theopticallayoutofthis beamline is shown in Fig.1. This beamlinecollects 50mrad of horizontal radiation from abending magnet source. Similar to the Dragon-type beamline, a 6m-CGM is arranged betweenpre-andpost-focusingmirrors.Wehaveadoptedseveralspecialfeaturesincludingamodifiedplane-elliptical horizontal pre-focusing mirror (HFM),one movable entrance slit, and one curvedmovableexitslittooptimizethebeamlineperfor-mance.Fourcylindricalgratingswithanincludedangle of 1408 are used to cover the entire energyrange interested. Two horizontal refocusing mir-rors(HRFM1andHRFM2)areusedtodeliverthe photon beam to two separate experimentalstationsthroughthehigh-andlow-energybranch,respectively. The beamline is expected to deliverphoton fluxes of 1 10

An active polynomial grating has been designed for use in synchrotron radiation soft-X-ray monochromators and spectrometers. The grating can be dynamically adjusted to obtain the third-order-polynomial surface needed to eliminate the defocus and coma aberrations at any photon energy. Ray-tracing results confirm that a monochromator or spectrometer based on this active grating has nearly no aberration limit to the overall spectral resolution in the entire soft-X-ray region. The grating substrate is made of a precisely milled 17-4 PH stainless steel parallel plate, which is joined to a flexure-hinge bender shaped by wire electrical discharge machining. The substrate is grounded into a concave cylindrical shape with a nominal radius and then polished to achieve a roughness of 0.45 nm and a slope error of 1.2 μrad rms. The long trace profiler measurements show that the active grating can reach the desired third-order polynomial with a high degree of figure accuracy.