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2 results on '"DFG-Leibniz Center for Earth Surface Processes and Climate Studies"'

1. Tracking eolian dust with helium and thorium: Impacts of grain size and provenance

Author

Marie Revel, Cristina Recasens, Sascha Serno, Youbin Sun, Jerry F. McManus, Aloys Bory, David McGee, Michael R. Kaplan, Samuel L Jaccard, Robert F. Anderson, Alejandra Borunda, Diego M. Gaiero, Gisela Winckler, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering [New York], DFG-Leibniz Center for Earth Surface Processes and Climate Studies, Universität Potsdam, Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CIGeS, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Haute École Pédagogique Berne-Jura-Neuchâtel (HEP Bejune), Haute Ecole Pédagogique du canton de Vaud (HEPL), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology - Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education - College of Life Science, Hebei University, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
Provenance, Biogeochemical cycle, Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Terrigenous sediment, Sediment, Climate change, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mineral dust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Oceanography, Source rock, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Aeolian processes, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Reconstructions of the deposition rate of windblown mineral dust in ocean sediments offer an important means of tracking past climate changes and of assessing the radiative and biogeochemical impacts of dust in past climates. Dust flux estimates in ocean sediments have commonly been based on the operationally defined lithogenic fraction of sediment samples. More recently, dust fluxes have been estimated from measurements of helium and thorium, as rare isotopes of these elements (He-3 and Th-230) allow estimates of sediment flux, and the dominant isotopes (He-4 and Th-232) are uniquely associated with the lithogenic fraction of marine sediments. In order to improve the fidelity of dust flux reconstructions based on He and Th, we present a survey of He and Th concentrations in sediments from dust source areas in East Asia, Australia and South America. Our data show systematic relationships between He and Th concentrations and grain size, with He concentrations decreasing and Th concentrations increasing with decreasing grain size. We find consistent He and Th concentrations in the fine fraction (38 degrees S). In the equatorial Pacific, He/Th ratios are much lower than in extratropical Pacific sediments or potential source areas measured as a part of this study (East Asia, South America, Australia) for reasons that are at present unclear, complicating their use as provenance tracers in this region. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2016
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2. Links between tropical rainfall and North Atlantic climate during the last glacial period

Author

Axel Timmermann, Ursula Röhl, Andreas Lückge, Yvonne Hamann, Carlo Laj, Mark A. Cane, Larry C. Peterson, Gaudenz Deplazes, Konrad A Hughen, Gerald H. Haug, Daniel M. Sigman, Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], International Pacific Research Center (IPRC), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM)-University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Climat et Magnétisme (CLIMAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, DFG-Leibniz Center for Earth Surface Processes and Climate Studies, Universität Potsdam, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam

Subjects
Monsoon of South Asia, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Intertropical Convergence Zone, Northern Hemisphere, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Indian summer, Oceanography, Atlantic Equatorial mode, 13. Climate action, Paleoclimatology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Stadial, Glacial period, Institut für Geowissenschaften, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The last glacial period was marked by dramatic climate fluctuations. Sediment records from the Cariaco Basin and the Arabian Sea suggest that cooling in the North Atlantic region was tightly coupled with a southward displacement of the intertropical convergence zone and a weakening of the Indian summer monsoon. During the last glacial period, the North Atlantic regionexperienced pronounced, millennial-scale alternations between cold, stadial conditions and milder interstadial conditions—commonly referred to as Dansgaard–Oeschger oscillations—as well as periods of massive iceberg discharge known as Heinrich events1. Changes in Northern Hemisphere temperature, as recorded in Greenland2,3,4, are thought to have affected the location of the Atlantic intertropical convergence zone5,6 and the strength of the Indian summer monsoon7,8. Here we use high-resolution records of sediment colour—a measure of terrigenous versus biogenic content—from the Cariaco Basin off the coast of Venezuela and the Arabian Sea to assess teleconnections with the North Atlantic climate system during the last glacial period. The Cariaco record indicates that the intertropical convergence zone migrated seasonally over the site during mild stadial conditions, but was permanently displaced south of the basin during peak stadials and Heinrich events. In the Arabian Sea, we find evidence of a weak Indian summer monsoon during the stadial events. The tropical records show a more variable response to North Atlantic cooling than the Greenland temperature records. We therefore suggest that Greenland climate is especially sensitive to variations in the North Atlantic system—in particular sea-ice extent—whereas the intertropical convergence zone and Indian monsoon system respond primarily to variations in mean Northern Hemisphere temperature.

Published
2013
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