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Pancreatic fistula is a major cause of morbidity after distal pancreatic resection. When resections are performed with linear stapling devices, the use of bioabsorbable staple line reinforcement has been suggested to decrease the rate of pancreatic fistula. Our objective was to investigate the incidence of pancreatic fistula when using the Gore Seamguard® staple line reinforcement in stapled distal pancreatic resections. A retrospective review of 30 consecutive patients with stapled distal pancreatectomy was conducted. A broad definition of pancreatic fistula was used. Clinicopathologic factors and outcomes were compared between groups. Pancreatic fistula was diagnosed in 11 of 15 patients (73%) and three of 15 patients (20%) in the Seamguard® and non-Seamguard® groups, respectively (P = 0.002). Pancreatic parenchymal transection at the neck of the gland was associated with pancreatic fistula, whereas laparoscopic procedures, splenic preservation, or additional organ resection were not. On multivariate analysis, the association between Seamguard® use and pancreatic fistula was significant (P = 0.005). In conclusion, after introduction of the Gore Seamguard® bioabsorbable staple line reinforcement, we experienced a significant increase in the rate of pancreatic fistula. This experience raises concern about the efficacy of this device in limiting pancreatic fistula after stapled distal pancreatic resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]