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The article is aimed at suggesting directions of formation of institutional support for introduction of the innovative financial-economic instrument of the internal carbon market (ICM) of the sector of agricultural land use and highlighting aspects of development of its legislative provision. The relevance of the suggested instrument is underlined by the necessity for Ukraine to fulfill the obligations under the Framework Convention on Climate Change of the UN, the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement, which are aimed at counteracting climate changes and adapting to their consequences. Through the use of the method of statistical analysis together with the analysis of dynamics of land-use categories in terms of farmlands, it has been proved that existing approaches to agricultural land use have a negative impact on the level of agri-ecological and food security of the State, lead to the loss of fertility and contribute to the increase of carbon emissions from the reservoir of mineral soils. The proposed approach forms the bases of further scientific and methodological developments for elaboration of the theoretical, normative-legislative, organizational and economic directions of development of the ICM of the sector of land use. The aspects of further improvement of legislation and of positive influence of ICM on the associated economic sectors are displayed.

The ecotoxicological hazard assessment of pesticide use on crops was performed. The study was conducted in 2021-2023 at the experimental field of the Skvyra Research Farm of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, located in the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. The influence of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides on the formation of environmental hazards in crop agrocenoses was studied: experiment (1) - peas, winter wheat, buckwheat; experiment (2) - winter wheat, buckwheat, oats. The ecological risk was assessed taking into account the ecotoxic properties of the chemical active ingredients of pesticides. It was found that the main parameters characterizing the occurrence of environmental risks are: (i) the pesticide load, i.e. the amount of toxicant applied per unit of sown area; (ii) the ecotoxicity of the pesticide (LD50), which is established by hygienic standards; (iii) the persistence of the pesticide in the soil, namely, its half-life (DT50), etc. The calculations proved that the pesticides used had a low environmental risk of impact on agrocenoses. This is evidenced by the ecotoxicity index (E). The total pesticide load (ΣE) on the agrocenosis of each crop during the three years of the study (2021-2023) was calculated. It was found that in experiment (1) - ΣExperiment 1 = 0.23 conventional units (c.u.); in experiment (2) - ΣEexperiment 2 = 0.04 c.u. The results obtained indicate an insignificant environmental risk of pesticide use for experimental plots of crops of the studied farm. However, prolonged use of pesticides certainly leads to the concentration of their persistent residues in the soil. This can lead to contamination of crop products and environmental. The cereals (buckwheat and oats) grown on the farm are intended for dietary consumption. To confirm the reliability of the hypothesis of the safety of the obtained grain and cereal products, it is advisable to further study their quality in terms of pesticide residues. It is shown that this methodology can be used to assess the risk of pesticide contamination of an agroecosystem. The ecotoxicity criterion (E) can be considered as a management tool for reducing environmental risks in agroecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deadwood is one of the principal components of forest ecosystems. It completes numerous nature conservation and ecological functions. The work aimed to assess the reserves of woody detritus in the mixed forest of Slobozhanskyi National Nature Park (NNP) of natural origin. The research was carried out in an 86-year-old forest on fresh and fertile soils. Dead wood fractions, tree species, components, and classes of destruction were assessed on fixed area sample plot. The volume of woody detritus (WD) in the forest ecosystem is 21.8 m3·ha-1. It consists of fallen dead trunks and dead branches, which make up 75.7% of the total WD. Standng dead trunks (snags) account for the remaining 24.3%. The main part of the volume of dead wood formed by three tree species: Tilia cordata Mill., Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus robur L. The share of these species together was 78.0%. The WD belonged from the I to V class of destruction. At the same time, the WD of the II class of decomposition was 52.5% had an advantage. The volume of snags was 5.3 m3·ha-1. In terms of species composition, Q. robur, Acer platanoides L., T. cordata, and P. sylvestris had a significant advantage. In the total volume of snags, the wood of the I class of destruction significantly prevailed at 67.9%, and the woody volume of the II class was 32.1%. Logs had a reserve of 16.5 m3·ha-1. The species composition dominated by wood detritus of T. cordata (35.8%), slightly fewer detritus of P. sylvestris (31.5%), and Betula pendula Roth. (22.4%). The fallen dead wood were represented by five classes of destruction. The biggest variety of fallen dead wood by classes of destruction was characteristic of T. cordata. A low amount of detritus are associated with a short period of strict protection of the studied forest ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to outline the ecological and economic priority areas of forestry production in Ukraine in the postwar period. Theoretical and informational basis of the study were reports of the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine, laws and regulations of Ukraine and the European Union, the Global Forest Watch platform, studies of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of environmental protection, environmental economics and forestry management. Economic and statistical (statistical data processing in assessing the numerical relationship of various phenomena and the forest production); correlation-regression (study of the impact of forestry activities); abstractlogical (theoretical generalizations and concluding) research methods have been used. According to the analyzed research, the main problems that will slow the development of new directions of forestry production and forest industry in general in the postwar period are the tenuous relationship between forestry and wood processing industry; low technological level; poor innovation activity; low efficiency of forest resources use; insufficient implementation of the postulates of European environmental policy statements. Criteria for the effectiveness of forestry production environmentalization, taking into account current and retrospective indicators, the current legislative requirements, confirmed theoretical and mathematical models, information on current efficiency, the results of the internal check, etc. have been proposed. Based on statistical data the analysis which allows characterizing prospects of creation and development of new forestry clusters has been carried out. The main characteristics of the cluster in the timber industry for the full functioning of the line and its modernization and ecologization in the postwar period have been outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forest sector occupies a special place in the 'green' economy. Today, forests are of great importance for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation and water resources. That is, now the forest acts not only as a natural capital that provides society with material resources, but it is also a complex ecosystem capable of generating various ecosystem services. Therefore, our study aimed to outline the scientific and methodological principles of rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated forest ecosystems of Ukrainian Polissia in the context of the EU European Green Deal, taking into account modern environmental and socio-economic features to ensure full integration into the European domain. The article outlines the scientific and methodological principles of rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated forest ecosystems of Ukrainian PolissÑ-a in the context of the European Green Deal, taking into account modern environmental and socio-economic features to ensure full integration of the state into the European domain. It was found that the irrational use of forest resources has led to the fact that over the past 40 years there has been a partial loss of forest biodiversity, and broadleaf forests are on the verge of extinction. The Chornobyl accident, which polluted about 3.5 million hectares of Ukraine's forests, has become critical for the country's forestry sector. 1 million 230 thousand ha of the surveyed forested areas had a critical density of radionuclide contamination, 157 thousand ha of which were withdrawn from commercial use due to high 137Cs contamination levels. It was emphasized that deforestation and degradation of forest ecosystems are some of the most pressing environmental problems of our time. The article improves the scientific and methodological principles of rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated forest ecosystems of the Ukrainian Polissia in the context of the European Green Deal taking into account the modern ecological and socio-economic peculiarities to ensure the full integration of the state into the European domain. The revision of the principles and priorities of forest management on the lands affected by the Chornobyl catastrophe and the return of these lands to safe economic use was substantiated taking into account the policies of the EU European Green Deal. It was established that the main actions on rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated forest ecosystems should be focused on the identification of the current radioactive situation in the forests with the aim of the possibility of renewal of forest management activities and production of forest industry products. This will contribute to the improvement of productivity of forest plantations and the renewal of forestry production of the depressed region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyse the use of agricultural land on the territory of united communities and their individual districts of Zhytomyr region as the smallest units of the administrative territorial division of Ukraine. The relevance of this study, due to current changes in national land relations, dictates the need to have information about agricultural lands, their owners, tenants and the lands status for planning agricultural production, the land-leases development, sale of land. The analysis of land use was carried out according to the following indicators: location of land plots of all owners within the community district and the whole community; their area; monetary evaluation; status of documents for each land plot, in particular the availability of lease, land cultivation presence. The initial data of the researches is the data of the state land cadastre database, and data of the real property rights register, both in general access and in need of special access. As a result of the research there were defined areas and location of lands of some landowners, who leased their lands and areas of lands not leased, also there were defined areas of lands, used illegally, without any documents on land use, defined areas of lands, used or owned by agricultural producers (farms, physical persons, legal entities). A cartographic core was created for the purpose of convenient planning of agricultural land use and land management within selected districts on the territory of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic, creating massive social and economic challenges, has started additional risks in ensuring balanced forest land use at the national, regional, and global levels. In this regard, the issues of preserving ecosystems and improving the well-being of citizens, avoiding the risk of deforestation and degradation of forests due to the negative impact of the pandemic on the economy of the forestry sector have become relevant. The article's purpose is a theoretical and methodological substantiation of ensuring a balanced use of forestry lands in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which is associated with economic regulation, investments, and the level of financial support. The object of this study is five state forestry enterprises of the Small Polissia region of Ukraine, referred to the jurisdiction of the State Forestry Agency. The main economic problems and financial needs of the studied state forestry enterprises were identified by analyzing the dynamics of their income, the level of depreciation of fixed assets, the volume of capital investments, labor productivity, and workers' wages. Based on the analysis of reporting indicators of state forestry enterprises in the Small Polissia region of Ukraine, conceptual frameworks for coordinating efforts to ensure the balanced use of forestry lands in Ukraine have been prepared. Measures were proposed to help mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social and economic dimensions of forestry land use. Recommendations for financing forestry activities, accelerating transformational changes in investment support of the forestry industry, revising the tax burden on state forestry enterprises have been substantiated. Balanced forest land use can reduce the risk of future pandemics. Therefore, its financing and incentives based on economic preferences should be a public policy priority on sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the main indicators of the forest resource potential of the border regions of Ukraine as of 2017, as well as the area of forest reproduction by sowing and planting forests in the context leadership border regions of Ukraine. The relationship of capital investment to the rational use of natural resources, UAH million, the area of forest reproduction, by region, thousand hectares, is analyzed. and the environmental stability factor for the period 1990-2017. On the basis of the correlation analysis it was proved that a sufficient level of influence of the volume of foreign investments on the environmental tax, the costs of enterprises for the protection and rational use of natural resources, the amount of emissions per 1 person indicates a moderate direct relationship between these environmental and economic factors. The algorithm of stages of carrying out of the multifactor regression model, which provides definition and selection of ecological and economic indicators, is developed. After all, the objectives and main objectives of the investment mechanism are to meet certain conditions for the prospect of development of the context leadership border regions. And the criteria of the mechanism are intended to ensure the realization of strategic and tactical goals and levers applied by the bodies of regional government and local self-government within their powers, with the aim of forcing in this territory the conditions for expanded reproduction and ensuring ecological and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the phases of the solar activity cycle on winter wheat production in different physiographic zones of Ukraine: Polesie, Forest-Steppe and Steppe have been researched. Particular attention is paid to indicators of yield that have a significant impact on the development of agricultural industries. A correlation dependence between the yield of winter wheat and the phases of the cycle of solar activity was established. With a proper research of these indicators, the sectoral structures of agro-ecosystems can predict for income or prevent the growth of zonal costs in social production. The optimal periods for obtaining high and stable yields of the studied culture connected with the physical factors of nature are determined. That is why a large role is played by the scientific understanding and practical use of each individual phase of the solar activity cycle in agroecosystems, which enables a business entity to obtain a reasonable dynamic system by their periodic changes. At the same time, and is a prerequisite for control at all stages of culture production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]