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This exciting new edition of the successful textbook for students of Middle Eastern politics provides a highly relevant and comprehensive introduction to the complexities of a region in constant flux. Combining a thematic framework for examining patterns of politics with individual chapters dedicated to specific countries, the book places the very latest developments and long-standing issues within an historical context. This third edition extends its analysis to post-2015 developments in the region, as well as expanding the range of pedagogical features on offer.Presenting information in an accessible and inclusive format, the book offers: Coverage of the historical influence of colonialism and major world powers on the shaping of the modern Middle East A detailed examination of the legacy of Islam Analysis of the political and social aspects of Middle Eastern life, including alienation between the state and society, poverty and social inequality, and ideological crisis and renewal Case studies on countries in the Fertile Crescent (Iraq, Syria and Lebanon, and Israel/Palestine); the Northern Belt (Turkey and Iran); and those West and East of the Red Sea (Egypt and the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council) A key introductory text for students of Middle Eastern politics and history at advanced undergraduate and postgraduate levels, this new edition has been extensively updated to also become a timely and significant reference for policy-makers and any motivated reader.

Now in its seventh year, this annual review provides a detailed database on military forces and strategic developments in the Middle East. It offers statistics on populations, resources and military infrastructures, on armed forces and the military capacity of each state in the region, and on the Palestinian Liberation Organization. This year's volume contains essays on the activities of major armies in the Middle East, as well as in-depth analyses of fundamental strategic trends of particular relevance during the 1990s.

This book examines regime stability and political change in the heartland of the Middle East. It discusses the distribution of power within each regime of the Middle East; the sources of regime legitimacy; and the social, economic, and ideological trends influencing change in the region.

This book is the outgrowth of a collaborative effort by a small group of national security analysts associated with the Institute forNational Strategic Studies of the National Defense University,government officials responsible for pondering defense and foreign policy issues, and academics with long experience in Middle Eastern affairs. In the past several years these scholars, policy analysts, and military planners have been focusing on the impact on U.S. goals and interests in the Middle East of three seminal events-the ending of the cold war, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the invasion of Kuwaitby Saddam Husayn and the subsequent Gulf War. The authors'individual studies have been nourished by frequent intellectual exchanges with one another and by their participation in numerous academic meetings designed to explore the future of U.S. relations with the Middle East.

The sixth edition of this annual furnishes statistics on the population, resources, infrastructure, armed forces and military capacity of individual Middle East states. It also surveys strategic events in the region and assesses military balances among potential Middle East adversaries.

Middle East politics have been proverbial for their changeability. The 1970s ushered in petro-politics, for instance, but OPEC's international status declined markedly in the following decade. Similarly, the Arab world's ostracism of Egypt in the 1970s following its separate peace with Israel was turned around in the 1980s; the late 1980s also brought PLO acceptance of the State of Israel. Interstate relations were not the only arena to experience significant alterations; state-society relations also underwent dramatic changes, such as the acceleration of privatization in erstwhile socialist regimes. Then the 1990s opened with a political earthquake: the Gulf Crisis. The second edition of this highly acclaimed text offers a penetrating analysis of trends in Arab foreign policies since the book was originally published in 1984, including an early analysis of the effects of Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent coalition victory over Iraq. In addition, the authors have included new chapters on Jordan—at the heart of the Arab world—and on the Sudan—the region's link to sub-Saharan Africa. Their inclusion allows a fuller understanding of the foreign policies of states that occupy crucial geopolitical positions but wield little tangible power. Moreover, in many of its chapters the book raises the crucial question of how the foreign policies of these countries can cope with the prevalence of political change.

Since the Camp David agreements of September 1978, the Middle East has experienced a series of major military and political developments that have affected not just the nations of the region and the two superpowers, but the rest of the world as well. The fall of the Shah of Iran, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Iraqi invasion of Iran, the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon—to name only a few events—have had a major impact. In this volume, a group of internationally recognized scholars, many of whom are present and former U.S. government officials, analyze these Middle Eastern developments from the perspectives of the superpowers, the region in general, and the five major actors during this period (Egypt, Israel, the PLO, Syria, and Iran). Although the individual authors speak from differing perspectives and viewpoints in their analyses, the book as a whole presents a balanced examination of the key developments in the volatile Middle East since Camp David.

Well before events in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe dramatized the rapidity with which a new political world is evolving and before the Gulf War sharpened the focus on the Middle East agenda, scholars and policymakers alike were searching for different concepts for addressing the intractable problems facing the Middle East. Even though the re

The Middle East is a continuing crisis area in world politics. This crisp and penetrating book, first published in 1971, analyses the historical development of the major issues in Arab politics, explains the conflicting interests now at stake in the Middle East and how the politics of the area were likely to develop. It examines, among other topics, the Palestine Liberation Movement, the prospects for Arab unity, and Great Power interference, and was written by one of the world's leading scholars writing on the Middle East.

A comprehensive and timely survey of Middle Eastern international relations, Tareq Ismael provides in-depth analysis of the interrelated dimensions of confrontation that have entangled almost every aspect of life in the region, transforming it into a'penetrated political system'. Essential for readers interested in the Middle East, international relations, politics, history and public policy.

The crisis in the Gulf of 1990-1 affected more than just the regional powers in the area. Rippling outward, its military, economic and political effects were felt throughout the international political system, testing US steadfastness in the face of Saddam Hussein's political survival, European ability to form a united front on foreign policy issues and the effectiveness of the UN in confronting international aggression. The rationale behind this book, first published in 1993, is to investigate and analyse the various aspects of the crisis, especially in regard to the interactions between internal and international prospects for a new order in the Middle East. It also examines the wider effects of the war, and includes analysis of Europe, America and the Soviet Union. Each one of the essays chosen for this volume has been written by an expert in their field. This collaboration between historians, regional specialists and political scientists, integrating a variety of research methods in the framework of one book, will be useful to a wide range of readers.

This volume, first published in 1982, provides a comprehensive analysis of the problems affecting the interests of the Western Alliance (the North Americans, the Europeans and the Japanese), the Middle East states, and the Soviet Union. The authors, all internationally recognized experts in their fields, bring together different and distinctive perspectives on such central issues as the Arab-Israeli dispute, the dynamics of the energy crisis, alliance unity and the role of the Soviet Union, and the effect of growing Middle East instability on the interests of individual allied countries. The chapters address the major issues both historically and in terms of current events; and they seek to examine relationships both from the perspective of the various countries and of the Alliance as a whole.

It has often been argued that Arab states are arbitrary political creations, lacking historical or present legitimacy. This book, first published in 1990, provides a different picture of ‘the Arab state', drawing on historical, economic, philosophical and sociological perspectives to give a balanced and convincing view of the complex reality of contemporary Arab politics. The contributors, from the Arab countries, from Europe and the United States, investigate the roots of the nation state in the Arab world, evaluating in particular the economic bases of individual states. They discuss the evolution of Arab societies and the way this is reflected in different states, and examine the problems of domestic and international integration in the Arab context. Original and comprehensive in its findings, this is an essential text on the fundamental political structure of the Arab world. Its interdisciplinary breadth makes possible an entirely new reading of the political reality of the Middle East.

This exciting new edition of the successful textbook for students of Middle Eastern politics provides a highly relevant and comprehensive introduction to the complexities of a region in constant flux. Combining a thematic framework for examining patterns of politics with individual chapters dedicated to specific countries, the book places the very latest developments and long-standing issues within an historical context, introducing key concepts from comparative politics to further explore the interaction between Middle Eastern history and the region's contemporary political development.Presenting information in an accessible and inclusive format, the book offers:• Coverage of the historical influence of colonialism and major world powers on the shaping of the modern Middle East.• A detailed examination of the legacy of Islam.• Analysis of the political and social aspects of Middle Eastern life: alienation between state and society, poverty and social inequality, ideological crises and renewal.• Case studies on countries in the Northern Belt (Turkey and Iran); the Fertile Crescent (Iraq, Syria and Lebanon, Israel/Palestine); and those West and East of the Red Sea (Egypt and the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council), moving through an historical examination to close analysis of the most recent developments and their political and social impacts. • Extensive pedagogical features, including original maps and further reading sections, provide essential support for the reader.A key introductory text for students of Middle Eastern politics and history at advanced undergraduate and postgraduate levels, this new edition has been extensively updated to also become a timely and significant reference for policy-makers and any motivated reader.

This hugely successful, ground-breaking book is the first introductory textbook on the Modern Middle East to foreground the urban, rural, cultural and gender histories of the region over its political and economic history. Distancing himself from more traditional modernising approaches, Ilan Pappé is concerned with the ideological question of whom we investigate in the past rather than how we investigate the past. Pappé begins his narrative at the end of the First World War with the Ottoman heritage, and concludes at the present day with the political discourse of Islam. Providing full geographical coverage of the region, The Modern Middle East: opens with a carefully argued introduction which outlines the methodology used in the textbook provides a thematic and comparative approach to the region, helping students to see the peoples of the Middle East and the developments that affect their lives as part of a larger world includes insights gained from new historiographical trends and a critical approach to conventional state- and nation-centred historiographies includes case studies, debates, maps, photos, an up-to-date bibliography and a glossarial index. This third edition has been brought right up to date with recent events, and includes the developments through the Arab Spring, more economic history, much more focus on gender history and discussion of religion in the region from a broad perspective.Accessible and original, The Modern Middle East continues to energise discussion and stimulate debate on the region's history, and provides new insights and perspectives on its story.

The Middle East is, and has always been, of major global economic and political importance. First published in 1981, this edited collection analyses many of the crucial issues that have had international repercussions during the second half of the twentieth century, with each paper considering the particular regional problems within the widest possible political framework. Internationally renowned authors consider such areas as the relationship between Israel and the Middle East, the influence of oil on global decision-making, Afghanistan and its neighbours, and the economic issues that the region has faced. A timely and relevant reissue, dealing with problems of continued importance, this volume will be of particular interest to students researching the history of the Middle Eastern conflict and the region's variety of relationships with the West.

Contemporary approaches to comparative studies of the Middle East increasingly recognize how globalization and regional mass communication have blurred differences across countries. Populations travel across national borders and compare narratives about political change, economic futures, and the role of the outside world in shaping their lives. Organized by five principal themes of a regional overview, politics, economic development, social context, and international issues, Interpreting the Middle East provides a vibrant introduction to the Middle East that is compatible with this regionalist perspective. Invited authorities contribute insightful and accessible original discussions of central headline-fresh issues such as the aftermath of the Iraq war, Iran's regional ambitions, developments in the Israeli'Palestinian conflict, and the global politics of Middle East oil, gender, and religion. Section introductions by the editor integrate the contributions, and suggested readings, a glossary, and a biographical list of key persons provide helpful guidance for readers.

The period covered by this book witnessed a significant change in Allied strategy for the Middle East. Its focus switched from Egypt to the states of the so-called northern tier of the Middle East: Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Pakistan. This book reveals the extent to which the UK clung on to great-power pretensions and used bluff, even deception, in order to give the impression that it disposed of greater military resources than was in fact the case. It describes not only Anglo-American tensions in the Middle East, but also the Americans'reluctance to take over Britain's former hegemony in the region. Finally, it reveals the extent to which the Allies'relationship with Israel was a constant restraint upon their freedom of action in the area, and their ability to forge military alliances with Arab states.

The Israeli-Palestinian peace process, the continuing US-Iraqi confrontation, the changing political dynamics in Iran, recent Pakistani-Indian hostilities and Osama bin Laden-all of these have one important common denominator: Significant strands of their origins can be traced to the tumultuous year of 1979. This text offers a new paradigm for stud

This book emphasizes the vital links between international politics and strategy and provides a comprehensive analysis of strategic interests of the major international actors in the Middle East. It contends that the policies of the superpowers toward the Middle East are fragmented and unproductive.

This annual record of political developments in the Middle East is designed as a continuing, up-to-date reference for scholars, researchers and analysts, policy-makers, students and journalists. It examines in detail the rapidly-changing Middle-Eastern scene in all its complexity. This volume covers the eruption of the Gulf crisis and the war that had dramatic effects on all the countries of the Middle East.

The Middle East provides a thematic analysis of major forces and trends in contemporary Middle East and a thorough examination of individual countries in the region. This comprehensive anthology, the first in more than two decades, explores the political environment, religious and ethnic factors, economic factors, the Arab world, the Palestinians and the territories, Israel, the role of the superpowers, and the Middle East's relationship with the rest of the world. Every informed reader will want to consult The Middle East to understand this important and complex area of the world.Contents (partial): William L. Cleveland,'Sources of Arab Nationalism'; Carl Leiden,'Arab Nationalism Today'; Opoku Agyeman,'Pan-Africanism versus Pan-Arabism'; Elbani Hermassi,'The Maghrib and the Middle East Conflict'; Lenore G. Martin,'Boundary Disputes in the Persian Gulf'; Bernard Lewis,'The Return of Islam'; Daniel Pipes,'Understanding Islam in Politics'; Emanuel Gutmann,'Religion and Its Role in National Integration in Israel'; George Moutafakis,'Minorities in the Modern Middle East Societies'; Stuart E. Colie,'The Shiites and the Lebanese Tragedy'; Kenneth J. Arrow,'Energy'; Fred M. Gottheil,'Saudi Arabian Economic Power'; Eliyahu Kanovsky,'Arab Oil Power'; Victor T. Le Vine,'The Arab World in the 1980s'; Bernard Lewis,'Islamic Political Movements'; Raymond N. Habiby and Fariborz Ghavidel,'Khumayni's Islamic Republic'; James P. Jankowski,'Nationalism in Twentieth Century Egypt'; Sheikh R. Ali,'The Iran-Iraq War'; Raymond N. Habiby,'Quadhafi's New Islamic Scientific Socialist Society'; Moshe Aumann,'Land Ownership in Palestine'; Fred M. Gottheil,'Arab Immigration into Pre-State Israel'; Yehoshua Porat,'The Palestinian-Arab Nationalist Movement'; Yonah Alexander,'The Nature of the PLO'; Sammy Smooha and John E. Hofrnan,'Arab-Jewish Coexistence in Israel'; Michael Curtis,'The Evolution of Israeli Politics'; Aaron S. Klieman,'Zionist Diplomacy and Israeli Foreign Policy'; Jay Adams,'Assessing Israel as a'Strategist Asset''; Saul B. Cohen,'Jerusalem's Unity and West Bank Autonomy'; Meron Benvenisti,'Postive Thinking in Jerusalem'; Steven L. Spiegel,'Recent American Policy in the Middle East'; Alan Dowty,'U.S. Decision-Making in Middle East Crises'; Michael Curtis,'American Interest and the Middle East'; Aaron Wildavsky,'American's National Interest in Israel'; Adam M. Garfinkle,'U.S. Policy in the Near Term'; James R. Kurth,'U.S. Policy and the West Bank'; Alvin Z. Rubinstein,'The Soviet Union's Imperial Policy in the Middle East'; Michael Curtis,'Africa, Israel, and the Middle East'; Victor T. Le Vine,'The Arabs and Africa'; W. Howard Wriggins,'South Asia and the Gulf'; Roy Licklide,'Arab Oil and Japanese Foreign Policy'; Linda B. Miller,'Western Europe and the Middle East'; Dan V. Segre,'Israel and the Third World.'

Disruption following the Gulf War, and the need to satisfy both rising economic aspirations and the Islamic values of the region's peoples, demands fresh examination of development issues in the Arab world. This introductory text assesses how agricultural, industrial and urban development has evolved in the Arab region. Contrasting Arab and Western interpretations of `development', it draws on case studies covering states as diverse as Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Morocco and Jordan. The author suggests that until the Arabs define their own identity, there will continue to be `change'but not necessarily `progress'in the region.

Established in 1977, the Middle East Contemporary Survey (MECS), a unique annual record of political developments in the Middle East, is acknowledged as the standard reference work on events and trends in the region. Designed to be a continuing, up-to-date reference for scholars, researchers and analysts, policymakers, students and journalists, it examines in considerable detail the rapidly changing Middle Eastern scene in all its complexity. In each volume, the material is arranged in two parts. The first contains a series of essays on broad regional issues and on the overall relations of the region with other parts of the world. The second consists of country-by-country surveys of all the Arab states, as well as Turkey, Israel, and Iran. The accent in the second part is on elucidating the inner dynamics of each country's polity and society. In a work of this kind, the events of the past year inevitably dictate the major themes of each volume. The topics discussed in Volume XI, which covers the year 1987, include:• The collapse of the Israeli-Jordanian'London agreement';• The outbreak of the Palestinian uprising;• The complications of glasnost for the Middle East;• The continuation of the Gulf War;• The lingering stalemate in Lebanon.While surveying and analyzing these and other developments, this volume also explains why they did not amount and lead to substantive change in the patterns of Middle Eastern politics. Maps, tables and a detailed index accompany the text.

This book examines the deep-seated problems in the Middle East and their impact on the United States and its allies. Exploring the disruptive effects of the double-edged sword of nationalism and modernization, the contributors discuss the full range of Western security interests in the region. Case studies of key countries emphasize the prospect for peaceful political, economic, and cultural change. The authors analyze the ramifications of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the threats posed by Soviet penetration. Arguing that confusion and contradiction mark U.S. policy in the Middle East, the book concludes that U.S. strategists should focus not on curing the region's internal problems but on coping with them without sacrificing long-term goals for quick fixes.