Search

Objective To analyze the expression of SIRT5 in pan-cancer and its relationship with prognosis and to explore the mechanism of SIRT5 regulating breast cancer proliferation through aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1(ALDH5A1). Methods cBioPortal,TNMplot,GEPIA and The Kaplan-Meier Plotter were used to analyze the differential expression of SIRT5 in a variety of tumors and its correlation with prognosis. The interacting proteins co-precipitated with the SIRT5 were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Pathway enrichment was performed for the interaction proteome, and for the combined analysis of the interaction proteome and the acylation proteome. Finally, the ALDH5A1 was focused. Then, the interaction between SIRT5 and ALDH5A1 was determined by an in vivo and in vitro immunoprecipitation(IP).SIRT5 was over-expressed or knocked down to detect acylation level and enzyme activity of ALDH5A1. Finally, the effects of SIRT5 and ALDH5A1 on breast cancer proliferation were determined by cell proliferation and cloning experiments. Results SIRT5 was highly expressed in a variety of tumors such as breast cancer and was positively correlated with poor prognosis (P＜0.05). There were multiple overlaps between SIRT5 interacting proteins and acylomics and the overlapped proteins were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism. SIRT5 directly interacted with ALDH5A1. SIRT5 could enhance the enzyme activity of ALDH5A1 by inducing the desuccinylation of ALDH5A1, thus promoting the proliferation of breast cancer cells (P＜0.05). Conclusions The function of SIRT5 in tumors may be specific to a heterogeneous environment and it can play a tumor-promoting role through ALDH5A1 in breast cancer. The results reported here may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent clinical targeted therapy.

We analyze the transverse electro-optic (EO) effect in an arbitrary direction in LiNbO3 (LN) and LiTaO3 (LT) crystals based on the Fresnel index ellipsoid theory. A set of analytical formulas for calculating the birefringence in any direction in a crystal of the lowest symmetry is first deduced. The maximum magnitudes of the transverse EO effect appear along the directions that are turned out from the optic axis on the angles θm (φ = 30°, 150° or 270°) or 180°− θm (φ = 90°, 210° or 330°), the angles θm of congruent LN and LT crystals are 36° and 59.5°, respectively. For experimental verification, the (yzw)θm cut congruent LN and LT crystals were prepared. The half-wave voltage (HWV) of the (yzw)36° cut LN crystals is half that of the x-cut LN crystals and is only 30% that of the z-cut LN crystals, and the HWV of the (yzw)59.5° cut LT crystals is 7% higher than that of the x-cut LT crystals, the experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis. The crystals with the optimized cell geometries are more practical because of the low HWV and lower sensitivity of birefringence to temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The selection of mitral valve surgery, including mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement, is still an important dilemma for patients with chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation. We carry out ameta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mitral valve repair versus replacement for ischemic mitral regurgitation. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify studies from their inception to July 2015. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). A randomeffect model was used and sensitivity analysis was performed on studies reporting on operation after 2000, high-quality studies, and those studies reporting on more than 150 patients. Result A total of 2,324 patients were identified from 10 retrospective studies. Mitral valve repair was associated with a trend toward lower operative mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31-0.65; p < 0.0001) and higher recurrence of mitral regurgitation (OR = 5.89; 95% CI: 3.34-10.39; p < 0.00001). Five-year survival rate was similar between the two groups (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.88-1.65; p =0.25). No differences in reoperation, the incidence of acute renal failure and acute respiratory failure, the length of ICU stay, and the length of hospital stay were found. Conclusion Mitral valve repair was associated with lower operative mortality but a higher recurrence of mitral regurgitation compared with mitral valve replacement. Owing to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, this conclusion still needs to be further confirmed by conducting more high-quality, multicenter randomized controlled trials with large sample size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]