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18 results on '"Dale, J.J."'

1. Development and application of a machine learning algorithm for classification of elasmobranch behaviour from accelerometry data

Author

Brewster, L.R., Dale, J.J., Guttridge, T.L., Gruber, S.H., Hansell, A.C., Elliott, M., Cowx, I.G., Whitney, N.M., and Gleiss, A.C.

Subjects
Animal spatial behavior -- Observations, Machine learning -- Methods, Lemon shark -- Observations, Accelerometers -- Usage, Biological sciences
Abstract

Discerning behaviours of free-ranging animals allows for quantification of their activity budget, providing important insight into ecology. Over recent years, accelerometers have been used to unveil the cryptic lives of animals. The increased ability of accelerometers to store large quantities of high resolution data has prompted a need for automated behavioural classification. We assessed the performance of several machine learning (ML) classifiers to discern five behaviours performed by accelerometer-equipped juvenile lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris) at Bimini, Bahamas (25[degrees]44'N, 79[degrees]16'W). The sharks were observed to exhibit chafing, burst swimming, headshaking, resting and swimming in a semi-captive environment and these observations were used to ground-truth data for ML training and testing. ML methods included logistic regression, an artificial neural network, two random forest models, a gradient boosting model and a voting ensemble (VE) model, which combined the predictions of all other (base) models to improve classifier performance. The macro-averaged F-measure, an indicator of classifier performance, showed that the VE model improved overall classification (F-measure 0.88) above the strongest base learner model, gradient boosting (0.86). To test whether the VE model provided biologically meaningful results when applied to accelerometer data obtained from wild sharks, we investigated headshaking behaviour, as a proxy for prey capture, in relation to the variables: time of day, tidal phase and season. All variables were significant in predicting prey capture, with predations most likely to occur during early evening and less frequently during the dry season and high tides. These findings support previous hypotheses from sporadic visual observations., Introduction Selecting the optimal behavioural response can increase individual fitness, have adaptive significance and evolutionary consequences (Lima and Dill 1990; McNamara and Houston 1996; Shepard et al. 2008b). Identification of [...]

Published
2018
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2. Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology

Author

Andrzejaczek, S., Lucas, T.C.D., Goodman, M.C., Hussey, N.E., Armstrong, A.J., Carlisle, A., Coffey, D.M., Gleiss, A.C., Huveneers, C., Jacoby, D.M.P., Meekan, M.G., Mourier, J., Peel, L.R., Abrantes, K., Afonso, A.S., Ajemian, M.J., Anderson, B.N., Anderson, S.D., Araujo, G., Armstrong, A.O., Bach, P., Barnett, A., Bennett, M.B., Bezerra, N.A., Bonfil, R., Boustany, A.M., Bowlby, H.D., Branco, I., Braun, C.D., Brooks, E.J., Brown, J., Burke, P.J., Butcher, P., Castleton, M., Chapple, T.K., Chateau, O., Clarke, M., Coelho, R., Cortés, E., Couturier, L.I.E., Cowley, P.D., Croll, D.A., Cuevas, J.M., Curtis, T.H., Dagorn, L., Dale, J.J., Daly, R., Dewar, H., Doherty, P.D., Domingo, A., Dove, A.D.M., Drew, M., Dudgeon, C.L., Duffy, C.A.J., Elliott, R.G., Ellis, J.R., Erdmann, M.V., Farrugia, T.J., Ferreira, L.C., Ferretti, F., Filmalter, J.D., Finucci, B., Fischer, C., Fitzpatrick, R., Forget, F., Forsberg, K., Francis, M.P., Franks, B.R., Gallagher, A.J., Galván-Magaña, F., García, M.L., Gaston, T.F., Gillanders, B.M., Gollock, M.J., Green, J.R., Green, S., Griffiths, C.A., Hammerschlag, N., Hasan, A., Hawkes, L.A., Hazin, F., Heard, M., Hearn, A., Hedges, K.J., Henderson, S.M., Holdsworth, J., Holland, K.N., Howey, L.A., Hueter, R.E., Humphries, N.E., Hutchinson, M., Jaine, F.R.A., Jorgensen, S.J., Kanive, P.E., Labaja, J., Lana, F.O., Lassauce, H., Lipscombe, R.S., Llewellyn, F., Macena, B.C.L., Mambrasar, R., McAllister, J.D., McCully Phillips, S.R., McGregor, F., McMillan, M.N., McNaughton, L.M., Mendonça, S.A., Meyer, C.G., Meyers, M., Mohan, J.A., Montgomery, J.C., Mucientes, G., Musyl, M.K., Nasby-Lucas, N., Natanson, L.J., O’Sullivan, J.B., Oliveira, P., Papastamtiou, Y.P., Patterson, T.A., Pierce, S.J., Queiroz, N., Radford, C.A., Richardson, A.J., Righton, D., Rohner, C.A., Royer, M.A., Saunders, R.A., Schaber, M., Schallert, R.J., Scholl, M.C., Seitz, A.C., Semmens, J.M., Setyawan, E., Shea, B.D., Shidqi, R.A., Shillinger, G.L., Shipley, O.N., Shivji, M.S., Sianipar, A.B., Silva, J.F., Sims, D.W., Skomal, G.B., Sousa, L.L., Southall, E.J., Spaet, J.L.Y., Stehfest, K.M., Stevens, G., Stewart, J.D., Sulikowski, J.A., Syakurachman, I., Thorrold, S.R., Thums, M., Tickler, D., Tolloti, M.T., Townsend, K.A., Travassos, P., Tyminski, J.P., Vaudo, J.J., Veras, D., Wantiez, L., Weber, S.B., Wells, R.J.D., Weng, K.C., Wetherbee, B.M., Williamson, J.E., Witt, M.J., Wright, S., Zilliacus, K., Block, B.A., Curnick, D.J., Andrzejaczek, S., Lucas, T.C.D., Goodman, M.C., Hussey, N.E., Armstrong, A.J., Carlisle, A., Coffey, D.M., Gleiss, A.C., Huveneers, C., Jacoby, D.M.P., Meekan, M.G., Mourier, J., Peel, L.R., Abrantes, K., Afonso, A.S., Ajemian, M.J., Anderson, B.N., Anderson, S.D., Araujo, G., Armstrong, A.O., Bach, P., Barnett, A., Bennett, M.B., Bezerra, N.A., Bonfil, R., Boustany, A.M., Bowlby, H.D., Branco, I., Braun, C.D., Brooks, E.J., Brown, J., Burke, P.J., Butcher, P., Castleton, M., Chapple, T.K., Chateau, O., Clarke, M., Coelho, R., Cortés, E., Couturier, L.I.E., Cowley, P.D., Croll, D.A., Cuevas, J.M., Curtis, T.H., Dagorn, L., Dale, J.J., Daly, R., Dewar, H., Doherty, P.D., Domingo, A., Dove, A.D.M., Drew, M., Dudgeon, C.L., Duffy, C.A.J., Elliott, R.G., Ellis, J.R., Erdmann, M.V., Farrugia, T.J., Ferreira, L.C., Ferretti, F., Filmalter, J.D., Finucci, B., Fischer, C., Fitzpatrick, R., Forget, F., Forsberg, K., Francis, M.P., Franks, B.R., Gallagher, A.J., Galván-Magaña, F., García, M.L., Gaston, T.F., Gillanders, B.M., Gollock, M.J., Green, J.R., Green, S., Griffiths, C.A., Hammerschlag, N., Hasan, A., Hawkes, L.A., Hazin, F., Heard, M., Hearn, A., Hedges, K.J., Henderson, S.M., Holdsworth, J., Holland, K.N., Howey, L.A., Hueter, R.E., Humphries, N.E., Hutchinson, M., Jaine, F.R.A., Jorgensen, S.J., Kanive, P.E., Labaja, J., Lana, F.O., Lassauce, H., Lipscombe, R.S., Llewellyn, F., Macena, B.C.L., Mambrasar, R., McAllister, J.D., McCully Phillips, S.R., McGregor, F., McMillan, M.N., McNaughton, L.M., Mendonça, S.A., Meyer, C.G., Meyers, M., Mohan, J.A., Montgomery, J.C., Mucientes, G., Musyl, M.K., Nasby-Lucas, N., Natanson, L.J., O’Sullivan, J.B., Oliveira, P., Papastamtiou, Y.P., Patterson, T.A., Pierce, S.J., Queiroz, N., Radford, C.A., Richardson, A.J., Righton, D., Rohner, C.A., Royer, M.A., Saunders, R.A., Schaber, M., Schallert, R.J., Scholl, M.C., Seitz, A.C., Semmens, J.M., Setyawan, E., Shea, B.D., Shidqi, R.A., Shillinger, G.L., Shipley, O.N., Shivji, M.S., Sianipar, A.B., Silva, J.F., Sims, D.W., Skomal, G.B., Sousa, L.L., Southall, E.J., Spaet, J.L.Y., Stehfest, K.M., Stevens, G., Stewart, J.D., Sulikowski, J.A., Syakurachman, I., Thorrold, S.R., Thums, M., Tickler, D., Tolloti, M.T., Townsend, K.A., Travassos, P., Tyminski, J.P., Vaudo, J.J., Veras, D., Wantiez, L., Weber, S.B., Wells, R.J.D., Weng, K.C., Wetherbee, B.M., Williamson, J.E., Witt, M.J., Wright, S., Zilliacus, K., Block, B.A., and Curnick, D.J.

Abstract

Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements.

Published
2022

5. Direct measurement of swimming and diving kinematics of giant Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)

Author

Gleiss, A.C., Schallert, R.J., Dale, J.J., Wilson, S.G., Block, B.A., Gleiss, A.C., Schallert, R.J., Dale, J.J., Wilson, S.G., and Block, B.A.

Abstract

Tunas possess a range of physiological and mechanical adaptations geared towards high-performance swimming that are of considerable interest to physiologists, ecologists and engineers. Advances in biologging have provided significant improvements in understanding tuna migrations and vertical movement patterns, yet our understanding of the locomotion and swimming mechanics of these fish under natural conditions is limited. We equipped Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) with motion-sensitive tags and video cameras to quantify the gaits and kinematics used by wild fish. Our data reveal significant variety in the locomotory kinematics of Atlantic bluefin tuna, ranging from continuous locomotion to two types of intermittent locomotion. The tuna sustained swimming speeds in excess of 1.5 m s−1 (0.6 body lengths s−1), while beating their tail at a frequency of approximately 1 Hz. While diving, some descents were entirely composed of passive glides, with slower descent rates featuring more gliding, while ascents were primarily composed of active swimming. The observed swimming behaviour of Atlantic bluefin tuna is consistent with theoretical models predicting such intermittent locomotion to result in mechanical and physiological advantages. Our results confirm that Atlantic bluefin tuna possess behavioural specializations to increase their locomotory performance, which together with their unique physiology improve their capacity to use pelagic and mesopelagic habitats.

Published
2019

6. Temperature dependent pre- and postprandial activity in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis)

Author

Gleiss, A.C., Dale, J.J., Klinger, D.H., Estess, E.E., Gardner, L.D., Machado, B., Norton, A.G., Farwell, C., Block, B.A., Gleiss, A.C., Dale, J.J., Klinger, D.H., Estess, E.E., Gardner, L.D., Machado, B., Norton, A.G., Farwell, C., and Block, B.A.

Abstract

Bluefin tunas are highly specialized fish with unique hydrodynamic designs and physiological traits. In this study, we present results in a captive population that demonstrate strong effects of ambient temperature on the tail beat frequency and swimming speed of a pelagic fish in both pre- and post-prandial states. We measured the responses of a ram ventilator, the Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis), after digestion of a meal to explore the impacts of the metabolic costs of digestion on behavior and respiration. A combination of respirometry, physiological biologging of visceral temperatures, and activity monitoring with accelerometry were used to explore the metabolic costs of digestion and the impacts on ventilation and swimming speed. Experiments were conducted at temperatures that are within the metabolic optimum for Pacific bluefin tuna (17 °C), and at a second temperature corresponding to the upper distributional limit of the species in the California Current (24 °C). Warmer temperatures resulted in higher tail-beat frequency and greater elevation of body temperature in pre-prandial Pacific bluefin tuna. Specific dynamic action (SDA) events resulted in a significant postprandial increase in tail-beat frequency of ~0.2 Hz, compared to pre-prandial levels of 1.5 Hz (17 °C) and 1.75 Hz (24 °C), possibly resulting from ventilator requirements. Data of fish exercised in a swim-tunnel respirometer suggest that the observed increase in tail-beat frequency comprise 5.5 and 6.8% of the oxygen demand during peak SDA at 24 °C and 17 °C respectively. The facultative increase in swimming speed might increase oxygen uptake at the gills to meet the increasing demand by visceral organs involved in the digestive process, potentially decreasing the available energy of each meal for other metabolic processes, such as growth, maturation, and reproduction. We hypothesize that these post-prandial behaviors allow tuna to evacuate their guts more quickly, ultimately permitting

Published
2019

9. Chronic ulcer of the leg: clinical history.

Author

Callam, M.J., Harper, D.R., Dale, J.J., and Ruckley, C.V.

Subjects
CLINICAL epidemiology, ULCER treatment, LEG ulcers
Abstract

Investigates the clinical history of chronic ulcer of the leg in Great Britain. Characterization of leg ulceration; Percentage of prevalence on certain age groups; Administration of investigation to prevent recurrence of leg ulcer.

Published
1987
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10. Arterial disease in chronic leg ulceration: an underestimated hazard? Lothian and Forth Valley leg ulcer study.

Author

Callam, M.J., Harper, D.R., Dale, J.J., and Ruckley, C.V.

Subjects
ARTERIAL diseases, LEG ulcers
Abstract

Examines the detection of arterial impairment by simple non-invasive means of patients with leg ulcers identified in the Lothian and Forth Valley leg ulcer study. Factors for reduced arterial pressure index in ulcerated leg; Proportions of patients with vascular disease; Definition of significant arterial disease.

Published
1987
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11. [Report of Swift Co. Board of Commissioners, March 16, 1887].

Author

Cannon, J.F.; Horton, David C.; Dale, J.J.; Austin, William; Foley, Patrick, Swift County (Minn.). Board of County Commissioners., Cannon, J.F.; Horton, David C.; Dale, J.J.; Austin, William; Foley, Patrick, and Swift County (Minn.). Board of County Commissioners.

Abstract

Report on amount of hail relief needed and money borrowed.

Published
1887

15. Randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial of pentoxifylline in the treatment of...

Author

Dale, J.J. and Harper, C.V.

Subjects
*CLINICAL drug trials, *PENTOXIFYLLINE, *CLINICAL trials, *ULCER treatment, LEG ulcers
Abstract

Focuses on a study that conducted a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of the drug pentoxifylline in the treatment of venous leg ulcers in Scotland. Participants and methods of the study; Results and discussion; Conclusions.

Published
1999
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16. Chronic ulceration of the leg: extent of the problem and provision of care.

Author

Callam, M.J., Ruckley, C.V., Harper, D.R., and Dale, J.J.

Subjects
LEG ulcers, PRIMARY health care
Abstract

Focuses on the provision of primary health care for chronic ulceration of the leg in Scotland. Steps for the improvement of care of chronic ulceration; Distribution of age and sex among patients; Ratio of the disease for both men and women.

Published
1985
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17. Randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of two bandaging regimens in the treatment of venous leg ulcers (Br J Surg 2002; 89: 40–4).

Author

Ruckley, C.V., Callam, M.J., Harper, D.R., Dale, J.J., Gibson, B., and Prescott, R.J.

Subjects
CLINICAL trials, BANDAGES & bandaging
Abstract

Comments on a research study on the use of randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of two bandaging regimes in the treatment of venous leg ulcers. Description of the bandages; Healing rates.

Published
2002
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18. Hazards of compression treatment of the leg: an estimate from Scottish surgeons.

Author

Callam, M.J., Ruckley, C.V., Dale, J.J., and Harper, D.R.

Subjects
THROMBOSIS, ARTERIAL occlusions
Abstract

Reports the complication of compression for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis of the leg in Scotland. Consequences of arterial occlusion in a limb; Indications for the application of compression bandaging; Use of anti-embolism stockings for the prevention of thromboembolism.

Published
1987
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