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1. Abstracts of papers presented at the 15th conference of the weed science society of Israel

Author

H. Eizenberg, Z. Tanaami, R. Jacobsohn, A. Lalazar, M. Hayut, M. Sibony, A. Tal, B. Rubin, T. Yossef, D. Plakhine, Y. Kleifeld, T. Weinberg, E. Lior, N. Avdat, V. H. Portnoy, N. Katzir, D. M. Joel, H. Buxbaum, Y. Goldwasser, J. Hershenhorn, E. Zamski, Y. Hershenhorn, S. Golan, G. Herzlinger, T. Chilf, Dalia Losner-Goshen, R. Aly, N. Halpern, T. Blumenfeld, Adiva Shomer-Ilan, A. M. Mayer, Nurit Bar-Nun, G. Ben-Hod, Ziva Amsellem, J. Gressel, Z. Kernyi, L. Hornok, B. Cohen, A. Sharon, S. Kitahin, A. Bosak, Y. Bar-Peled, N. Barnea, H. Yasour, Y. Alon, Y. Z. El-Nahhal, S. Nir, T. Polubesova, L. Margulies, E. Siti, Ch. Kaplan, I. Levanon, M. Gokkes, A. Hadar, Y. Chachlon, H. Yovel, G. Colodney, S. Glidai, Shuli Tal, A. Nir, E. Yasur, J. Kigel, T. Yaacoby, Bin Ye, U. Kimel, Shulamit Manulis, Frida Kleitman, Orit Dror, Laura Chalupowicz, E. Khayat, Leah Tsror (Lahkim), Orly Erlich, A. Menashe, M. Wysoki, U. Gerson, Y. Slabezki, A. Dag, H. Efrat, B. Yacobson, E. Palevsky, H. Reuveny, D. Oppenheim, O. Okonis, B. Raccah, Anat Kritzman, H. Yunis, A. Gera, Edna Tanne, J. Cohen, Z. Sandu, Svetlana Alexandrov, A. Geral, Y. Cohen, Sonja Farkash, A. Baider, Tirza Zahavi, M. Reuveni, D. Scheglov, S. Lavee, Aegilops speltoides, J. Manisterski, Pnina Ben-Yehuda, Ayelet Shimony, Tamar Eilam, Y. Anikster, S. Freeman, C. Lahav, A. Sztejnberg, Y. Nitzani, M. Maimon, Talma Katan, D. Shtienberg, G. Kritzman, Z. Herzog, D. Openheim, Miriam Zilberstaine, Daphna Blatchinsky, Y. Elad, Y. Mesika, B. Kirshner, Y. Shmulevitz, Dalia Rav David, A. Sztjenberg, Hanna Yehezkel, D. Shmuel, E. Taari, Y. Posalski, M. Fuchs, J. Katan, S. Pivonia, R. Cohen, Rachel Levite, A. Gamliel, A. Grinstein, V. Zilberg, Marina Benihes, Orna Ucko, L. Klein, E. Uriely, M. E. Stangheilini, Nadia Korolev, Leah Tsror, Marina Hazanovsky, Sara Leviush-Mordechai, Sara Sivan, Yael Rekah, M. Aharon, I. Peretz-Alon, D. Prusky, Delilah Beno-Moualem, N. Yakoby, Ilana Kobiler, A. Dinoor, N. Dudai, R. Reuveni, D. Chaimovitch, Daya Sa’adi, Olga Larkov, Evgenia Dor, E. Lewinsohn, E. Putievsky, U. Afek, Janeta Orenstein, E. Nuriel, S. Carmeli, V. Rodov, M. Bar-Joseph, D. Eshel, Ruth Ben-Arie, Michal Reuven, Aida Zviebil, Y. Szmulewich, Y. Ben-Yephet, Airit Lavkovits, T. Markovits, I. Mor, B. Bar-Yosef, N. M. Iraki, M. N. Ahmad, J. N. Abu-Sa’id, I. Barash, M. Assaraf, C. Ginzburg, O. Yarden, A. Mduel, Y. Oren, Z. Solel, Miriam Kimchi, A. Sadovski, E. Yogev, A. Yaniv, A. Omari, I. Ofer, P. Sarid, E. Avisar, O. Naot, B. Bing, S. Ovadia, Y. Sachs, Neta Mor, Y Gotlieb, Ronit Benishti, Y. HaMeiri, P. Sarig, Anat Yogev, Y. Barzilai, B. Balaom, Orly Erlich-Holtzer, Tselila Ben-David, M. Lang, U. Lubovsky, R. Engel-Kirshner, Y. Zachs, A. Dubitzky, N. Genaim, Y. Gotlieb, R. Porat, V. Vinocur, Batya Weisseah, Leah Cohen, S. Droby, Edna Sharon, Meira Bar-Eyal, M. Mor, O. Kleifeld, I. Chet, Y. Spiegel, U. Yechye, E. Nof, Susanne Guske, Esther Nof, A. Lichter, Orit Dvir, Y. Zutkhi, Tania Kapulonov, Lillian Sonego, S. Israel, Yael Skutelski, Tamar Lahav, Y. Peretz-Alon, E. Becker, O. Heiman, E. Shlevin, Y. Mahrer, R. Fluhr, Q. Pan, Marianne Sela, Odelia Pisanti, Ofra Hadrian, Ada Fainzilber, Sigal Sivaldi, D. Zamir, D. Silverman, R. Ausher, Y. Melamed, A. Gal-On, G. Slutsky, Y. Wang, Nurbol Galiakparov, Orly Aziz, I. Sela, R. Gafny, Emma Teverovsky, F. Akad, D. Gidoni, H. Czosnek, G. Loebenstein, S. Bakshi, Oded Yarden, Abraham Sztejnberg, Inbal Yassur, S. Wolf, M. B. Dickman, A. Mitra, M. Robinson, R. Maor, D. Ezra, Einat Pardes, and I. Kosman

Subjects
Agriculture, business.industry, Insect Science, Ecology (disciplines), Weed science, Plant Science, Social science, Biology, business
Published
1999
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2. Pectolytic Activity by the Haustorium of the Parasitic PlantOrobancheL. (Orobanchaceae) in Host Roots

Author

Vitaly Portnoy, Dalia Losner-Goshen, Alfred M. Mayer, and Daniel M. Joel

Subjects
food.ingredient, Pectin, biology, Host (biology), Parasitic plant, food and beverages, Orobanche aegyptiaca, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Apoplast, Cell wall, food, Orobanchaceae, Biochemistry, Haustorium, Botany
Abstract

The possible involvement of enzymes in the penetration of intrusive cells of the parasitic angiospermOrobancheinto host root tissues was studied using cytochemical and immunocytochemical methods. Pectin methyl esterase (PME) was detected, with specific antibodies, in the cytoplasm and cell walls ofOrobancheintrusive cells and in adjacent host apoplast. Depletion and chemical changes of pectins in host cell walls were shown by histochemical staining with PATAg, which detects carbohydrates that are sensitive to periodic acid, especially pectins, and with the monoclonal antibodies JIM 5 and JIM 7 that label pectins with low and high rates of esterification, respectively. Galacturonic sequences with low rates of esterification were more abundant in host cell walls adjacent to the parasite, which is consistent with pectin de-methylation by PME release from the parasite. Pectins were absent in middle lamellae and in host cell walls neighbouring mature intrusive cells of the parasite, consistent with further degradation of pectins by other enzymes. These results provide the first direct evidence for the presence and activity of a pectolytic enzyme in the infection zone of the haustorium of a parasitic angiospermin situ.

Published
1998
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3. Abstracts of papers presented at the 14th conference of the Weed Science Society of Israel Abstracts of papers presented at the international conference on controlled atmosphere and fumigation (CAF) in stored products Abstracts of papers presented at the joint international conference of FAOPMA — CEPA on pest control in the 21st century Abstracts of papers presented at the 2nd international Agro-Ecology Symposium on integrated pest management: from the drawing board to the market

Author

E. Yogev, M. Berson, Y. Benyamini, Y. Sheinboim, T. Lev-Ran, A. Bahat, Y. Barkai, Y. Gatti, M. Zaidan, O. Barazani, Y. Boshvize, S. Graph, U. Luchinsky, T. Blumenfeld, Y. Kleifeld, G. Herzlinger, H. Bucsbaum, S. Golan, T. Chilf, R. Aly, Y. Ohali, A. Ovadia, Y. Chachlon, H. Yovel, Y. Tesler, G. Colodney, A. Nir, S. Zarka, A. Tal, B. Rubin, T. Yaacoby, Y. Alon, Y. Kedar, Orit Ben-Zvi Assaraf, O. Shainberg, H. D. Rabinowitch, E. Tel-Or, Y. Goldwasser, D. M. Joel, D. Plakhine, V. Portnoy, G. Tzuri, N. Katzir, Dalia Losner-Goshen, A. M. Mayer, R. Jacobsohn, Z. Tanaami, H. Eisenberg, Ziva Amsellem, Z. Kernyi, L. Hornok, J. Gressel, Adiva Shomer-Ilan, Ela Nir, Daphna Michaeli, V. Kampel, A. Warshawsky, M. Yogev, M. Negbi, J. Hershenhorn, Y. Lavan, T. Hilf, M. Horowitz, M. Cohen, I. Hirsch, A. Veneziani, S. T. Conyers, C. H. Bell, Ana C. Sá-Fischer, C. S. Adler, Ch. Reichmuth, P. W. Flinn, D. W. Hagstrum, G. N. Mbata, R. G. Winks, Elisabeth A. Hyne, M. Q. Chaudhry, A. D. MacNicoll, N. R. Price, M. Schöller, J. -F. Dugast, R. Plarre, S. Navarro, E. J. Donahaye, R. Diaz, Miriam Rindner, A. Azrieli, P. Trematerra, F. Fontana, M. Mancini, Ailsa D. Hocking, Marta H. Taniwaki, J. Lacey, A. Hamer, N. Magan, N. Paster, F. M. Caliboso, D. G. Alvindia, G. C. Sabio, M. T. dela Cruz, Okky Setyawati Dharmaputra, A. S. R. Putri, M. Sidik, Eleni Papademetriou, A. Varnava, C. Mouskos, M. A. Malek, B. Parveen, K. A. Dzisi, W. O. Ellis, Ana Maria Estevez, Ljubica Galletti, T. Fichet, E. Oteiza, L. A. Lizana, M. X. Gonzalez, B. Yakobson, Y. Slavezky, H. Ephrati, El-H. Bartaly, R. K. Kashyap, M. Gupta, W. L. Kashyap, B. S. Dahiya, A. K. Dash, J. R. Rangaswamy, R. D. Shroff, D. S. Jayas, W. E. Muir, N. D. G. White, L Gaye, null Weller, J. E. van S. Graver, Wu-Kang Peng, M. Bengston, E. Alip, C. Reed, J. G. Leesch, G. F. Knapp, G. F. Russell, L. B. Llewellin, Ch. Ulrichs, H. J. Banks, P. C. Annis, R. Allanson, R. Tauscher, K. Westphal, S. Mohan, M. Gopalan, P. C. Sumdarababu, V. V. Sree Narayanan, Sabine Prozell, G. Ziegleder, B. Schartmann, R. Matissek, J. Kraus, D. Gerard, S. Rogg, W. Raemann, R. F. Ryan, Ya-Nan Wang, R. T. Noyes, P. Kenkel, J. T. Criswell, G. W. Cuperus, C. J. Waterford, C. P. Whittle, L. Benzing, S. Ball, T. DeBruin, C. R. Newman, S. J. Hilton, B. W. Bridgeman, R. J. Hodges, M. Smith, A. Madden, D. Russell, H. Halid, J. L. Zettler, Perlina D. Sayaboc, A. J. O. Gibe, S. Ignatowicz, S. Oboza, C. Slusarski, P. J. Collins, F. A. El-Lakwah, A. A. Darwish, M. M. Khattab, A. M. Abdel-Latif, R. N. Emery, S. Pratt, C. Waterford, A. L. Clifton, K. A. Mills, T. J. Wontner-Smith, G. Khair, W. S. Magee, R. T. Baker, R. W. D. Taylor, J. Klijnstra, R. T. Ross, M. Kostokovski, Valérie Ducom, Julie A. Cassells, R. H. Burton, S. Bhadrikaju, R. L. Meagher, R. Wilkin, C. van Natto, V. Stejskal, P. M. Cogan, N. G. Gratz, U. Shalom, Hedva Pener, A. G. Havron, Z. Klein, H. Adler, S. Moran, A. Wilamowski, R. Amichai, D. K. Mueller, M. Spiegelstein, E. Shaaya, M. Kostjukovski, N. Cooper, M. Coll, S. Steinberg, E. Ravins, W. Waldner, R. Ausher, Y. Rössler, H. Denzer, E. Dunkelblum, and M. Kehat

Subjects
Insect Science, Plant Science
Published
1996
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4. ASEPTIC BROOMRAPE INFECTION OF TOMATO ROOT CULTURE

Author

Graham Ben-Hod, Daniel M. Joel, Alfred M. Mayer, and Dalia Losner-Goshen

Subjects
Microorganism, Petri dish, Plant Science, Biology, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, Orobanche, law, Germination, In vitro system, Haustorium, Botany, Aseptic processing, Agronomy and Crop Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Agricultural crops
Abstract

The parasitic plants of the genus Orobanche (broomrape) are important pathogens of numerous agricultural crops throughout the world. The understanding of biochemical mechanisms involved in the penetration of Orobanche haustorium into host root tissues faces difficulties due to the presence of microorganisms. Here we describe an aseptic in vitro system, in which normal broomrape seedlings infect host roots grown in culture, instead of the previously reported infection of intact host plants by Orobanche calli. This system is based on divided Petri plates with two different culture media: one part of the dish contains a rich medium suitable for the support of host root culture, the other part contains a medium with no organic nutrients and no hormones and is therefore suitable for infection of host roots by Orobanche. Roots that are supported by the first medium pass to the other side of the petri dish where they stimulate broomrape seed germination and are infected by the emerging broomrape seedlings.

Published
1996
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5. The attachment organ of the parasitic angiosperms Orobanche cumana and O. aegyptiaca and its development

Author

Daniel M. Joel and Dalia Losner-Goshen

Subjects
Orobanche, biology, Orobanchaceae, Parasitic plant, Haustorium, Botany, Parasite hosting, Orobanche aegyptiaca, Plant Science, Parasitic Weeds, biology.organism_classification
Abstract

Some species of Orobanche are parasitic weeds attacking the roots of various crops and causing extensive damage. The development of the young parasite was investigated using light and electron microscopy. Germinating O. aegyptiaca and O. cumana form a short root, with no root cap, which is covered by a thin cuticle. As soon as the root reaches a host, elongation stops, the apex expands, and peripheral cells become papillate. The extended apex becomes the young attachment organ. The outer papillar surface of the extended apex bears wall protuberances that are encircled with a thick cuticular belt and covered with a thin cuticle. These protuberances secrete a carbohydrate that accumulates in a subcuticular space and is released to the surface, forming a thin adhesive layer that binds the parasite to its host. Bacteria are commonly found in the secretion pool, on the papillae, and in the outer cell walls. The event of attachment of the young parasite to host surface signals a shift from the independent to parasitic phase. This change also includes a shift from the accumulation of lipids to the accumulation of starch. Key words: Orobanche, broomrape, parasitic plants, haustorium, attachment organ, root.

Published
1994
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6. Transgenic crops against parasites

Author

Yeshaiahu Kleifeld, Jonathan Gressel, Daniel M. Joel, Dalia Losner-Goshen, and Geza Herzlinger

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Agronomy, Herbicide resistance, Genetically modified crops, Biology, Parasitic Weeds, Chemical control
Published
1995
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7. Pectolytic Activity by the Haustorium of the Parasitic PlantOrobancheL. (Orobanchaceae) in Host Roots.

Author

DALIA LOSNER-GOSHEN, VITALY PORTNOY, ALFRED MAYER, and DANIEL JOEL

Abstract

The possible involvement of enzymes in the penetration of intrusive cells of the parasitic angiospermOrobancheinto host root tissues was studied using cytochemical and immunocytochemical methods. Pectin methyl esterase (PME) was detected, with specific antibodies, in the cytoplasm and cell walls ofOrobancheintrusive cells and in adjacent host apoplast. Depletion and chemical changes of pectins in host cell walls were shown by histochemical staining with PATAg, which detects carbohydrates that are sensitive to periodic acid, especially pectins, and with the monoclonal antibodies JIM 5 and JIM 7 that label pectins with low and high rates of esterification, respectively. Galacturonic sequences with low rates of esterification were more abundant in host cell walls adjacent to the parasite, which is consistent with pectin de-methylation by PME release from the parasite. Pectins were absent in middle lamellae and in host cell walls neighbouring mature intrusive cells of the parasite, consistent with further degradation of pectins by other enzymes. These results provide the first direct evidence for the presence and activity of a pectolytic enzyme in the infection zone of the haustorium of a parasitic angiospermin situ.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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