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2. Research on the Assessment of the Operational Reliability of Bihor Power System 110 kV

Author

Albuț-Dana, Daniel-Traian, Cîmpan, Mihnea, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Moldovan, Liviu, editor, and Gligor, Adrian, editor

Published
2024
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3. Study on Optimizing the Operating Configuration of Bihor Power System- 110 kV

Author

Cîmpan, Mihnea, Albut-Dana, Daniel-Traian, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Moldovan, Liviu, editor, and Gligor, Adrian, editor

Published
2024
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6. Reducing Students' 'Absent Presenteeism' and Mobile Misbehaviour in Class: An Empirical Study of Teacher Perspectives and Practices

Author

Beeri, Itai and Horowitz, Dana Daniel

Abstract

Advances in information technology and communication through new social media platforms have enormous benefits in many contexts, including education. At the same time, self-distractive use of technology -- or 'absent presenteeism' -- can have negative effects in the classroom. The main research question of this study is the relationship between organisational leadership, enforcement of discipline and self-distractive use of technology in the secondary school setting. The finding indicated that the permissive style of discipline appeared to be the most effective at reducing self-distractive mobile phone use. However, a more authoritative style of discipline, short teacher tenure and the principal's transformational leadership style contributed to high self-distractive mobile phone use. The authors rely on empirical data collected in Israeli public high schools from two independent sources: 144 teachers and 591 students, which yielded 4440 teacher-student events. Implications of the findings are discussed in the context of the school setting characterised by rapid changes in technology.

Published
2020
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7. The assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ß-tubulin genes in human soil-transmitted helminths exposed to different pressure with benzimidazole drugs

Author

Levecke, Bruno, primary, Rashwan, Nour, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali M, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Roose, Sara, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Verweij, Jaco J, additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, and Prichard, Roger, additional

Published
2024
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8. Assessment of Professional Quality of Life in the Alabama Physical Therapy Workforce

Author

Bowens, Andrea N., Amamoo, M. Ahinee, Blake, Dana Daniel, and Clark, Bethany

Subjects
Psychological aspects, Surveys, Health aspects, Physical therapists -- Surveys -- Health aspects -- Psychological aspects, Quality of life -- Surveys -- Health aspects -- Psychological aspects, Medical assistants -- Surveys -- Health aspects -- Psychological aspects
Abstract

Introduction Professional quality of life captures the positive and negative effects experienced by individuals when performing their work. (1) Health care professionals, such as physical therapists, often derive pleasure from [...], Objective. The purposes of this study were to 1) determine the level of professional quality of life among physical therapists and physical therapist assistants in Alabama and 2) to identify personal or professional factors that may contribute to compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout, and secondary traumatic stress (STS). Methods. This study used a cross-sectional design and mixed-methods survey methodology to calculate odds ratios for factors affecting professional quality of life. Respondents completed a survey that included the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale, an open-ended question regarding their experience with professional burnout, and personal and professional demographics. Results. Of the 742 physical therapists and physical therapist assistants in Alabama who completed the survey, the majority experienced moderate-high levels of CS and moderate-low levels of burnout and STS. Regression analyses indicated clinicians working 40 or more hours per week in patient care had greater odds for low-moderate CS and moderate-high burnout and STS subscale scores. Clinicians in our sample licensed between 6 to 15 or more than 30 years and those working in private outpatient settings had reduced odds of having moderate-high burnout, whereas those working 16 or more years had significantly increased odds for high CS scores. Responses to the open-ended question indicated workload demands and documentation as the top factors contributing to clinician burnout, while the connections with patients and coworkers help minimize such feelings. Conclusion. Individuals later in their career may develop protective factors to mitigate feelings of burnout compared to those early in their career. Also, clinicians working 40 or more hours per week may be more vulnerable to experiencing low-moderate CS and moderate-high burnout. Thus, individual clinicians and employers must evaluate personal, occupational, and systemic factors that contribute to reduced professional quality of life to inform preventive strategies for mitigating burnout. Keywords: Physical Therapists, Physical Therapist Assistants, Professional Issues, Quality of Life, Workplace

Published
2021
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9. Gender and Higher Education: A Critical Spin in the Study of Humor

Author

Carvalho, Flavia, Dana, Daniel, and Roth, Gene

Abstract

Feminist pedagogy as a research construct can be classified into gender and liberatory subgroups. Gender models frequently focus on learning. Liberatory models underline the social structures and power relations which constitute systems of oppression. Humor in practice may be used as a social corrective, or it may be used to extend power distances among groups. Using a poststructural feminist approach, this study examines gender issues and humor research in higher education contexts.

Published
2007

13. A general framework to support cost-efficient fecal egg count methods and study design choices for large-scale STH deworming programs–monitoring of therapeutic drug efficacy as a case study

Author

Coffeng, Luc E., Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Denwood, Matthew, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali M., Ayana, Mio, Dana, Daniel, Cringoli, Giuseppe, de Vlas, Sake J., Fenwick, Alan, French, Michael, Kazienga, Adama, Keiser, Jennifer, Knopp, Stefanie, Leta, Gemechu, Matoso, Leonardo F., Maurelli, Maria P., Montresor, Antonio, Mirams, Greg, Mekonnen, Zeleke, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Pinto, Simone A., Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Steinmann, Peter, Thomas, Eurion, Vercruysse, Jozef, Levecke, Bruno, Coffeng, Luc E., Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Denwood, Matthew, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali M., Ayana, Mio, Dana, Daniel, Cringoli, Giuseppe, de Vlas, Sake J., Fenwick, Alan, French, Michael, Kazienga, Adama, Keiser, Jennifer, Knopp, Stefanie, Leta, Gemechu, Matoso, Leonardo F., Maurelli, Maria P., Montresor, Antonio, Mirams, Greg, Mekonnen, Zeleke, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Pinto, Simone A., Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Steinmann, Peter, Thomas, Eurion, Vercruysse, Jozef, and Levecke, Bruno

Abstract

Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) control programs currently lack evidence-based recommendations for cost-efficient survey designs for monitoring and evaluation. Here, we present a framework to provide evidence-based recommendations, using a case study of therapeutic drug efficacy monitoring based on the examination of helminth eggs in stool. Methods We performed an in-depth analysis of the operational costs to process one stool sample for three diagnostic methods (Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC and FECPAKG2). Next, we performed simulations to determine the probability of detecting a truly reduced therapeutic efficacy for different scenarios of STH species (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hook-worms), pre-treatment infection levels, survey design (screen and select (SS); screen, select and retest (SSR) and no selection (NS)) and number of subjects enrolled (100– 5,000). Finally, we integrated the outcome of the cost assessment into the simulation study to estimate the total survey costs and determined the most cost-efficient survey design. Principal findings Kato-Katz allowed for both the highest sample throughput and the lowest cost per test, while FECPAKG2 required both the most laboratory time and was the most expensive. Counting of eggs accounted for 23% (FECPAKG2) or ≥80% (Kato-Katz and Mini-FLOTAC) of the total time-to-result. NS survey designs in combination with Kato-Katz were the most cost-efficient to assess therapeutic drug efficacy in all scenarios of STH species and endemicity. Conclusions/significance We confirm that Kato-Katz is the fecal egg counting method of choice for monitoring therapeutic drug efficacy, but that the survey design currently recommended by WHO (SS) should be updated. Our generic framework, which captures laboratory time and material costs, can be used to further support cost-efficient choices for other important surveys informing STH control programs. In addition, it can be used t

Published
2023

15. A general framework to support cost-efficient fecal egg count methods and study design choices for large-scale STH deworming programs–monitoring of therapeutic drug efficacy as a case study

Author

Coffeng, Luc E., primary, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Denwood, Matthew, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali M., additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, de Vlas, Sake J., additional, Fenwick, Alan, additional, French, Michael, additional, Kazienga, Adama, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Knopp, Stefanie, additional, Leta, Gemechu, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Maurelli, Maria P., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Steinmann, Peter, additional, Thomas, Eurion, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2023
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16. A general framework to support cost-efficient fecal egg count method and study design choices for large-scale STH deworming programs – monitoring of therapeutic drug efficacy as a case study

Author

Coffeng, Luc E, primary, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Denwood, Matthew, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali M, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, de Vlas, Sake J, additional, Fenwick, Alan, additional, French, Michael, additional, Kazienga, Adama, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Knopp, Stefanie, additional, Leta, Gemechu, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Maurelli, Maria P., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Steinmann, Peter, additional, Thomas, Eurion, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2023
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18. Assessment of environmental contamination with soil-transmitted helminths life stages at school compounds, households and open markets in Jimma Town, Ethiopia

Author

Tadege, Bamlaku, primary, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Sharew, Bizuwarek, additional, Dereje, Eden, additional, Loha, Eskindir, additional, Verweij, Jaco J., additional, Casaert, Stijn, additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2022
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21. Individual responses to a single oral dose of albendazole indicate reduced efficacy against soil-transmitted helminths in an area with high drug pressure

Author

Walker, Martin, primary, Cools, Piet, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali M., additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A,, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2021
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22. Characterization of the β-tubulin gene family in Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum and its implication for the molecular detection of benzimidazole resistance

Author

Roose, Sara, primary, Avramenko, Russell W., additional, Pollo, Stephen M. J., additional, Wasmuth, James D., additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Betson, Martha, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Jones, Ben P., additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Morosetti, Arianna, additional, Venkatesan, Abhinaya, additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Workentine, Matthew L., additional, Levecke, Bruno, additional, Gilleard, John S., additional, and Geldhof, Peter, additional

Published
2021
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26. An in-depth report of quality control on Kato-Katz and data entry in four clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of albendazole against soil-transmitted helminth infections

Author

Vlaminck, Johnny, primary, Cools, Piet, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2020
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27. Identifying thresholds for classifying moderate-to-heavy soil-transmitted helminth intensity infections for FECPAKG2, McMaster, Mini-FLOTAC and qPCR

Author

Levecke, Bruno, primary, Cools, Piet, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Angebault, Cécile, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Behnke, Jerzy M., additional, Bethony, Jeffrey M., additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Guillard, Bertrand, additional, Viet Hoa, Nguyen Thi, additional, Kang, Gagandeep, additional, Kattula, Deepthi, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Kotze, Andrew C., additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Maurelli, Maria P., additional, McCarthy, James S., additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Oliveira, Rodrigo Corrêa, additional, Periago, Maria V., additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Sumo, Laurentine, additional, Tchuem-Tchuenté, Louis-Albert, additional, Cam Thach, Dang Thi, additional, Thomas, Eurion, additional, Zeynudin, Ahmed, additional, Verweij, Jaco J., additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, and Vercruysse, Jozef, additional

Published
2020
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29. First international external quality assessment scheme of nucleic acid amplification tests for the detection of Schistosoma and soil-transmitted helminths, including Strongyloides: A pilot study

Author

Cools, Piet, primary, van Lieshout, Lisette, additional, Koelewijn, Rob, additional, Addiss, David, additional, Ajjampur, Sitara S. R., additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Bradbury, Richard S., additional, Cantera, Jason L., additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Fischer, Kerstin, additional, Imtiaz, Rubina, additional, Kabagenyi, Joyce, additional, Lok, James, additional, McCarthy, James, additional, Mejia, Rojelio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Njenga, Sammy M., additional, Othman, Nurulhasanah, additional, Shao, Hongguang, additional, Traub, Rebecca, additional, Van Esbroeck, Marjan, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Williams, Steven A., additional, Verweij, Jaco J., additional, van Hellemond, Jaap J., additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2020
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31. Comprehensive evaluation of stool-based diagnostic methods and benzimidazole resistance markers to assess drug efficacy and detect the emergence of anthelmintic resistance: A Starworms study protocol

Author

Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali, Ayana, Mio, Bethony, Jeffrey, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Dana, Daniel, Keiser, Jennifer, Maurelli, Maria P, Montresor, Antonio, Mekonnen Kurmane, Zeleke, Mirams, Greg, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Prichard, Roger, Rashwan, Nour, Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Thomas, Eurion, Verweij, Jaco J, Vercruysse, Jozef, Levecke, Bruno, Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali, Ayana, Mio, Bethony, Jeffrey, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Dana, Daniel, Keiser, Jennifer, Maurelli, Maria P., Montresor, Antonio, Mekonnen, Zeleke, Mirams, Greg, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Prichard, Roger, Rashwan, Nour, Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Thomas, Eurion, Verweij, Jaco J., Vercruysse, Jozef, and Levecke, Bruno

Subjects
Male, Nematoda, NECATOR-AMERICANUS, Drug Resistance, Helminthiasis, CHILDREN, Feces, Soil, HOOKWORMS, Clinical Protocols, Tubulin, Medicine and Health Sciences, Child, MUTATION, DNA extraction, Anthelmintics, Schools, Pharmaceutics, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Eukaryota, Helminth Proteins, Trichuris, Infectious Diseases, Helminth Infections, Child, Preschool, TESTS, Physical Sciences, Female, Brazil, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, ANCYLOSTOMA-CEYLANICUM, HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS, Drug Administration, Drug Research and Development, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, Permutation, lcsh:RC955-962, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Extraction techniques, Drug Therapy, Helminths, TRANSMITTED HELMINTH INFECTIONS, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, Humans, Drug Efficacy Evaluation, Parasite Egg Count, Pharmacology, Discrete Mathematics, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, lcsh:RA1-1270, QUANTIFICATION, Tropical Diseases, Invertebrates, Research and analysis methods, Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases, Hookworms, Combinatorics, Benzimidazoles, Ethiopia, COMMUNITIES, Biomarkers, Mathematics
Abstract

Background To work towards reaching the WHO goal of eliminating soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections as a public health problem, the total number of children receiving anthelmintic drugs has strongly increased over the past few years. However, as drug pressure levels rise, the development of anthelmintic drug resistance (AR) is more and more likely to appear. Currently, any global surveillance system to monitor drug efficacy and the emergence of possible AR is lacking. Consequently, it remains unclear to what extent the efficacy of drugs may have dropped and whether AR is already present. The overall aim of this study is to recommend the best diagnostic methods to monitor drug efficacy and molecular markers to assess the emergence of AR in STH control programs. Methods A series of drug efficacy trials will be performed in four STH endemic countries with varying drug pressure (Ethiopia and Brazil: low drug pressure, Lao PDR: moderate drug pressure and Tanzania: high drug pressure). These trials are designed to assess the efficacy of a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole (ALB) against STH infections in school-aged children (SAC) by microscopic (duplicate Kato-Katz thick smear, Mini-FLOTAC and FECPAKG2) and molecular stool-based diagnostic methods (quantitative PCR (qPCR)). Data will be collected on the cost of the materials used, as well as the time required to prepare and examine stool samples for the different diagnostic methods. Following qPCR, DNA samples will also be submitted for pyrosequencing to assess the presence and prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin gene. These SNPs are known to be linked to AR in animal STHs. Discussion The results obtained by these trials will provide robust evidence regarding the cost-efficiency and diagnostic performance of the different stool-based diagnostic methods for the assessment of drug efficacy in control programs. The assessment of associations between the frequency of SNPs in the β-tubulin gene and the history of drug pressure and drug efficacy will allow the validation of these SNPs as a marker for AR in human STHs. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered the 7th of March 2018 on Clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT03465488)., Author summary Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) affect 1.4 billion people worldwide and cause significant morbidity when the intensity of infection is high. Currently, these infections are controlled in school-aged children by preventive chemotherapy with the benzimidazole drugs albendazole (ALB) or mebendazole (MEB). However, for the success of these control programs, it is essential to keep track of the efficacy of these drugs and to screen parasite populations for a possible rise of anthelmintic resistance (AR). In this light, a series of trials will be performed to assess the efficacy of ALB treatment against STH in four endemic countries with varying drug pressure. Both microscopic and molecular stool-based diagnostic methods will be used to evaluate drug efficacy. DNA samples will also be analysed for the presence and prevalence of mutations in a gene that was previously linked to AR in animal STHs. The results of these trials will provide evidence on the efficacy of ALB, help select the optimal diagnostic method to assess drug efficacy and provide information regarding the usefulness of genetic markers for AR detection in human STHs.

Published
2018

32. Modification and optimization of the FECPAKG2 protocol for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in human stool

Author

Ayana, Mio, Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Ame, Shaali, Albonico, Marco, Dana, Daniel, Keiser, Jennifer, Manly, Helen, Matoso, Leonardo F, Mekonnen Kurmane, Zeleke, Montresor, Antonio, Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Sowersby, Stephen, Tesfaye, Lensa, Vercruysse, Jozef, Mirams, Greg, Levecke, Bruno, Ayana, Mio, Vlaminck, Johnny, Cools, Piet, Ame, Shaali, Albonico, Marco, Dana, Daniel, Keiser, Jennifer, Manly, Helen, Matoso, Leonardo F., Mekonnen, Zeleke, Montresor, Antonio, Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, Sowersby, Stephen, Tesfaye, Lensa, Vercruysse, Jozef, Mirams, Greg, and Levecke, Bruno

Subjects
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, ANIMALS, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, FLOTAC, lcsh:RA1-1270, DIAGNOSIS, Infectious Diseases, INFECTIONS, HOOKWORM, parasitic diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, TEMPERATURE
Abstract

Background : Standard diagnosis of human soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections is based on the microscopic detection of helminth eggs in stool and supports programmatic decision making in control programs. However, the current standard diagnostic techniques still show a number of limitations. Recently, the FECPAK(G2) method was developed to detect helminth infections and asses drug efficacy in sheep or cattle. It includes a device that takes digital images of helminth eggs that have been concentrated into one microscopic field of view and stores these images online for future evaluation. The goal of this study was to introduce a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the detection and quantification of human STH eggs using the FECPAK(G2) and to optimize 2 crucial steps of the protocol, namely the sedimentation step (aimed at separating sinking eggs from floating debris) and the accumulation step (aimed at concentrating the eggs by flotation). Methodology/Principal findings : A total of 55 stool samples from naturally infected children were used from 4 different geographical areas (Ethiopia, Laos, Tanzania and Brazil). The results showed that Trichuris eggs generally moved slower than eggs of the other two STH species during both sedimentation in water in the FECPAK(G2) sedimenter as during accumulation in flotation solution in the FECPAK(G2) cassettes. The highest number of eggs were present in the slurry of the sedimenter after overnight sedimentation (Ascaris: 95.7%, Trichuris: 89.8% and hookworm: 94.2% of the eggs). A minimum of 24 minutes were needed to ensure the accumulation of at least 80% of the eggs from all three STH species in the FECPAKG2 cassette (Ascaris: 96.1%; Trichuris: 88.2% and hookworm: 87.6%). Conclusions/Significance : This study introduces for the first time a SOP for the FECPAK method. Different aspects of the method for diagnosing human STH infections were optimized. Our study forms the basis for a thorough and objective evaluation of the system as a diagnostic tool that could be implemented in STH control programs.

Published
2018

35. Therapeutic efficacy of albendazole against soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children measured by five diagnostic methods

Author

Vlaminck, Johnny, primary, Cools, Piet, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Maurelli, Maria P., additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Thomas, Eurion, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Verweij, Jaco J., additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2019
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36. Diagnostic performance of a single and duplicate Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC, FECPAKG2 and qPCR for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminths in three endemic countries

Author

Cools, Piet, primary, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Ayana, Mio, additional, José Antonio, Barrios Perez, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Maurelli, Maria P., additional, Maya, Catalina, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Pinto, Simone A., additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Thomas, Eurion, additional, Verweij, Jaco J., additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2019
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39. Correction: Modification and optimization of the FECPAKG2 protocol for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in human stool

Author

Ayana, Mio, primary, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Manly, Helen, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Sowerby, Stephen J., additional, Tesfaye, Lensa, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2019
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40. Identifying thresholds to classify moderate-to-heavy soil-transmitted helminth intensity infections for FECPAKG2, McMaster, Mini-FLOTAC and qPCR.

Author

Levecke, Bruno, Cools, Piet, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali, Angebault, Cécile, Ayana, Mio, Behnke, Jerzy M., Bethony, Jeffrey M., Cringoli, Giuseppe, Dana, Daniel, Guillard, Bertrand, Viet Hoa, Nguyen Thi, Kang, Gagandeep, Kattula, Deepthi, Keiser, Jennifer, Kotze, Andrew C., Matoso, Leonardo F., Maurelli, Maria P., McCarthy, James S., and Mekonnen, Zeleke

Subjects
HELMINTHIASIS, HOOKWORM disease, WORM eggs, ASCARIS lumbricoides, KEY performance indicators (Management), INTESTINAL infections
Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) has defined moderate-to-heavy intensity (M&HI) infections with soil-transmitted helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and the two hookworms, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) based on specific values of eggs per gram of stool, as measured by the Kato-Katz method. There are a variety of novel microscopy and DNA-based methods but it remains unclear whether applying current WHO thresholds on to these methods allows for a reliable classification of M&HI infections. We evaluated both WHO and method-specific thresholds for classifying the M&HI infections for novel microscopic (FECPAKG2, McMaster and Mini-FLOTAC) and DNA-based (qPCR) diagnostic methods. For this, we determined method-specific thresholds that best classified M&HI infections (defined by Kato-Katz and WHO thresholds; reference method) in two multi-country drug efficacy studies. Subsequently, we verified whether applying these method-specific thresholds improved the agreement in classifying M&HI infections compared to the reference method. When we applied the WHO thresholds, the new microscopic methods mainly misclassified M&HI as low intensity, and to a lesser extent low intensity infection as M&HI. For FECPAKG2, applying the method-specific thresholds significantly improved the agreement for Ascaris (moderate → substantial), Trichuris and hookworms (fair → moderate). For Mini-FLOTAC, a significantly improved agreement was observed for hookworms only (fair → moderate). For the other STHs, the agreement was almost perfect and remained unchanged. For McMaster, the method-specific thresholds revealed a fair to a substantial agreement but did not significantly improve the agreement. For qPCR, the method-specific thresholds based on genome equivalents per ml of DNA moderately agreed with the reference method for hookworms and Trichuris infections. For Ascaris, there was a substantial agreement. We defined method-specific thresholds that improved the classification of M&HI infections. Validation studies are required before they can be recommended for general use in assessing M&HI infections in programmatic settings. Author summary: The prevalence of moderate-to-heavy intensity (M&HI) infections is a key indicator for measuring the success of large-scale deworming programs for intestinal worms because they account for the majority of the worm attributable morbidity. Currently, intestinal worm infections are classified as M&HI when the number of worm eggs that are microscopically detected in stool using a standard diagnostic method exceeds a threshold set by the World Health Organization. Over the years, a variety of new promising diagnostic methods have been introduced for the diagnosis of intestinal worms. Although they have some important advantages over the current standard method, it is not clear whether they can reliably classify M&HI infections. This is because their test results either systematically indicate lower egg counts or are expressed in a unit other than eggs per gram of stool (e.g, concentration of worm DNA), warranting the need for method-specific thresholds. We defined method-specific thresholds and verified whether they increased the correct classification of M&HI infections. Overall, our results indicate that method-specific thresholds improved the classification of M&HI infections, but that further validation is required before they can be recommended for evaluating the occurrence M&HI infections in large-scale deworming programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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42. Modification and optimization of the FECPAKG2 protocol for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in human stool

Author

Ayana, Mio, primary, Vlaminck, Johnny, additional, Cools, Piet, additional, Ame, Shaali, additional, Albonico, Marco, additional, Dana, Daniel, additional, Keiser, Jennifer, additional, Manly, Helen, additional, Matoso, Leonardo F., additional, Mekonnen, Zeleke, additional, Montresor, Antonio, additional, Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Sayasone, Somphou, additional, Sowersby, Stephen, additional, Tesfaye, Lensa, additional, Vercruysse, Jozef, additional, Mirams, Greg, additional, and Levecke, Bruno, additional

Published
2018
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48. infection and risk factors among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia.

Author

Menjetta, Tadesse, Debalke, Serkadis, and Dana, Daniel

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by different species of genus Schistosoma. Schistosoma mansoni causes a severe intestinal parasitic infection of high public and medical importance in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, S. mansoni infection among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 243 fishermen were selected from the Hawassa Town Fishermen Association's list in 2013. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors were collected from the fishermen using semi-structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and processed using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The overall prevalence of S. mansoni among the fishermen was 29.21% and the mean intensity of infection was 158.88 eggs per gram (EPG). The overall prevalence of intestinal helminths, including S. mansoni, was 69.54%. Similar prevalences of S. mansoni were recorded in age groups 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29 years: 31.82%, 31.75% and 31.94%, respectively. Fishermen who swam a minimum of once a week in Lake Hawassa were 2.92 times (95% CI: 1.554, 5.502) more likely to have acquired S. mansoni infection than those who swam in the lake less than once a week. The results indicate moderate endemicity of S. mansoni infection among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa. These fishermen could be a potentially high-risk group for S. mansoni infection and might be responsible for the transmission of infection to other segments of the community visiting the lake for recreation. Moreover, a high prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) was recorded among the fishermen. Integrated prevention and control strategies for schistosomiasis and STHs by different sectors are needed to tackle this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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49. Diagnostic performance of a single and duplicate Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC, FECPAKG2 and qPCR for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminths in three endemic countries.

Author

Cools, Piet, Vlaminck, Johnny, Albonico, Marco, Ame, Shaali, Ayana, Mio, José Antonio, Barrios Perez, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Dana, Daniel, Keiser, Jennifer, Maurelli, Maria P., Maya, Catalina, Matoso, Leonardo F., Montresor, Antonio, Mekonnen, Zeleke, Mirams, Greg, Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Pinto, Simone A., Rinaldi, Laura, Sayasone, Somphou, and Thomas, Eurion

Subjects
HELMINTHS, HOOKWORM disease, DRUG efficacy, CLINICAL drug trials, ASCARIS lumbricoides, HELMINTHIASIS, EXTRACTION techniques
Abstract

Background: Because the success of deworming programs targeting soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) is evaluated through the periodically assessment of prevalence and infection intensities, the use of the correct diagnostic method is of utmost importance. The STH community has recently published for each phase of a deworming program the minimal criteria that a potential diagnostic method needs to meet, the so-called target product profiles (TPPs). Methodology: We compared the diagnostic performance of a single Kato-Katz (reference method) with that of other microscopy-based methods (duplicate Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC and FECPAKG2) and one DNA-based method (qPCR) for the detection and quantification of STH infections in three drug efficacy trials in Ethiopia, Lao PDR, and Tanzania. Furthermore, we evaluated a selection of minimal diagnostic criteria of the TPPs. Principal findings: All diagnostic methods showed a clinical sensitivity of ≥90% for all STH infections of moderate-to-heavy intensities. For infections of very low intensity, only qPCR resulted in a sensitivity that was superior to a single Kato-Katz for all STHs. Compared to the reference method, both Mini-FLOTAC and FECPAKG2 resulted in significantly lower fecal egg counts for some STHs, leading to a substantial underestimation of the infection intensity. For qPCR, there was a positive significant correlation between the egg counts of a single Kato-Katz and the DNA concentration. Conclusions/Significance: Our results indicate that the diagnostic performance of a single Kato-Katz is underestimated by the community and that diagnostic specific thresholds to classify intensity of infection are warranted for Mini-FLOTAC, FECPAKG2 and qPCR. When we strictly apply the TPPs, Kato-Katz is the only microscopy-based method that meets the minimal diagnostic criteria for application in the planning, monitoring and evaluation phase of an STH program. qPCR is the only method that could be considered in the phase that aims to seek confirmation for cessation of program. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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