26 results on '"Dana M. Prince"'
Search Results
2. Using an Accessible Room Multisensory Stimulation Environment to Reduce Dementia Associated Behaviors
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Dana M. Prince, Kieran J. Fogarty, Jonathan B. VanGeest, and Steven D. Eberth
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dementia ,immersive technology ,nursing homes ,assisted living ,multisensory stimulation ,nonpharmacological treatment ,Medicine ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Objectives: To reveal whether an accessible open floorplan Multisensory Stimulation Environment (MSSE) room design has a positive impact as a nonpharmacologic intervention for episodes of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in older adults living in a Memory Care Assisted Living (MCAL) facility as well as reducing the need for direct care supervision. Methods: Retrospective pre/post cohort design of 24 residents living in a Midwest MCAL facility in the United States with a diagnosis of dementia and over 65 years of age, analyzed by secondary medical chart review for 12 months to assess impact of an accessible open floorplan MSSE room design. The pre/post design analyzed secondary data over two periods of time; 6 months prior to the MSSE installation and 6 months following the MSSE installation. Results: Following the installation of an open floorplan MSSE, the number of observed BPSD episodes changed from 367 (17%) pre-test to 298 (10%) post-test over a 12-month time period. The Comparison of Proportions test determined that the difference in the proportion of BPSD episodes documented was statistically significant with clinical implications. Conclusions: The accessible open floorplan MSSE room design, located within a single-site MCAL facility, utilized as a nonpharmacological intervention for BPSD, was found in this explorative study to be effective and potentially clinically meaningful in improving behavioral episodes for older adults diagnosed with dementia in MCAL settings.
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- 2022
3. Differential Experiences of Mental Health among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth in Colorado
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Brittanie Atteberry-Ash, Shanna K. Kattari, Vern Harner, Dana M. Prince, Anthony P. Verdino, Leonardo Kattari, and In Young Park
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depression ,suicidality ,transgender ,mental health ,gender diverse ,nonbinary ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Young people experience a variety of mental health concerns, including depression, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal ideation. These issues are at even higher rates among transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) young people, due to the additional burden of having to navigate a world in which transphobia impacts them at the individual, organizational, and policy levels. However, much of the extant research focuses only on comparing TGD youth to cisgender counterparts. This study explores the nuance within the TDG youth population regarding mental health, examining how gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation change the likelihood of experiencing each of these mental health concerns. Among a sample of over 400 young people, findings indicate that those TGD young people who do not identify themselves within the masculine/feminine binary and those with marginalized sexual orientations were two to three times more likely to experience adverse mental health outcomes, as compared to their peers who are questioning their gender, and who are heterosexual. The implications for mental health professionals and others who work with young people are to recognize that mental health is not a one-size-fits all model for young TGD people, and that the intersection of multiple marginalized identities, must be addressed in order to improve the mental health of this group of young people. Findings can also be used to better understand issues of stigma, discrimination, and victimization in education, health care, and beyond.
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- 2021
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4. Adolescent Dating Violence Among Youth Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review
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Dana M. Prince, Katie N. Russell, Kristen A. Berg, Megan R. Holmes, Kylie E. Evans, Hyunjune Lee, and Anna E. Bender
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Sociology and Political Science ,education ,social sciences ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Mental health ,Developmental psychology ,Legal psychology ,Clinical Psychology ,Empirical research ,mental disorders ,Domestic violence ,Dating violence ,Literature study ,Psychology ,Law ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Quality of Life Research - Abstract
The quality of adolescent dating relationships is an outcome of developmental importance for young people exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) in childhood. As adolescents explore romantic interests for the first time, it is important to consider whether youth who have witnessed IPV have an increased likelihood of adolescent dating violence (ADV) victimization and/or perpetration. This systematic review seeks to synthesize empirical literature on ADV victimization and perpetration outcomes in youth exposed to IPV, examine mechanisms that may explain ADV outcomes in IPV-exposed youth, and summarize methodological factors that influence interpretation of findings. Seven bibliographic databases were searched through August 2020 for a broader evidence and gap mapping (EGM) project examining published empirical studies on child outcomes of IPV exposure. Following de-duplication, 350 empirical studies on child IPV exposure outcomes were identified and categorized into child outcome themes, including 29 studies that examine ADV victimization and/or perpetration among IPV-exposed youth. The association between IPV exposure and ADV perpetration and victimization varies widely, with factors such as gender, mental health symptoms, beliefs about violence, and emotion regulation differentially influencing outcomes. Inconsistencies in measurement of IPV, ADV, and sample ages make cross-study comparisons challenging. Practice and research implications are addressed, including the importance of examining strengths-based youth assets and resilient trajectories of healthy dating relationships among IPV-exposed youth.
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- 2021
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5. Sexual and Gender Minority Youth in Foster Care: An Evidence-Based Theoretical Conceptual Model of Disproportionality and Psychological Comorbidities
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Emily Peterson, Braveheart Gillani, Dana M. Prince, and Meagan Ray-Novak
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Child abuse ,Health (social science) ,Evidence-based practice ,Adolescent ,Sexual Behavior ,050109 social psychology ,Foster Home Care ,050906 social work ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Child ,Applied Psychology ,Mental Disorders ,05 social sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Models, Theoretical ,Mental illness ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,Minority stress ,Sexual minority ,Eating disorders ,Foster care ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) are overrepresented in the foster care system and experience greater foster-care-related stressors than their non-SGM peers. These factors may further elevate their risk of anxiety/depressive, post-traumatic stress disorder, self-harm, and suicidality. The system currently produces unequal and disproportionate adverse mental health outcomes for SGMY and needs points of intervention to disrupt this status quo. This article provides an empirically grounded conceptual–theoretical model of disproportionate representation and burden of psychological comorbidities experienced by SGMY in the foster care system. We apply findings from an integrated literature review of empirical research on factors related to overrepresentation and mental health burden among SGMY to minority stress theory to explicate how and why the foster care system exacerbates mental health comorbidities for SGMY. Searches were conducted in June 2020 in PubMed using MeSH terms and title/abstract terms for foster care, sexual or gender minorities, and psychological comorbidities. Inclusion criteria are studies conducted in the United States, published in English, focused on mental illness, and published between June 2010 and 2020. Developmental/intellectual and eating disorders were excluded. The initial search returned 490 results. After applying inclusion criteria, 229 results remained and are utilized to build our conceptual–theoretical model. We assert that the phenomenon of disproportionate psychological comorbidities for SGMY in foster care is best represented as a complex and dynamic system with multiple feedback loops. Extant empirical and theoretical literature identifies three critical areas for intervention: family acceptance, community belonging and queer chosen/constructed family, and affirming and nondiscriminatory child welfare policy.
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- 2021
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6. Social Work Doctoral Student Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Study
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Kylie E Evans, Megan R Holmes, Dana M Prince, and Victor Groza
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education ,Education - Abstract
Aim/Purpose: This descriptive study examines indicators of well-being and sources of emotional connection for social work doctoral students at American institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic, including symptoms of depression, anxiety, work-related burnout, emotional connection to others, and changes in child care among parent respondents. This study also explores if particular groups of doctoral students experience heightened risks to well-being during the pandemic. Background: Social isolation strategies associated with the COVID-19 pandemic present challenges for doctoral student well-being, mental health, professional relationships, and degree persistence. Of particular concern is the potentially disproportionate impact the pandemic may have on the well-being of students who already face additional barriers to degree completion, such as parents and caregivers, as well as those who face obstacles associated with structural oppression, including persons of color, women, and sexual minority (SM) students. Methodology: Baseline data was used from a longitudinal survey study conducted by the authors on social work doctoral student well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (N = 297) were recruited through the Group for the Advancement of Doctoral Education in Social Work’s (GADE’s) publicly available list of 89 member institutions in the United States. The majority of respondents identified as women (80.1%), 35% of the sample identified as a person of color and/or non-White race, 30% identified as a sexual minority, and 32% were parents of children under 18 years of age. Contribution: This study contributes to the larger body of literature on factors associated with risk, resilience, and well-being among doctoral students, and it offers a specific exploration of these factors within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study deepens our understanding of social work doctoral students in particular, who have higher rates of doctoral enrollment by women and persons of color than many other academic disciplines. Findings: Emotional connection to loved ones was significantly correlated with lower levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and work-related burnout. Outcomes varied by race, with Black and Asian respondents indicating higher levels of emotional connection to loved ones as compared to White respondents, and Black respondents indicating lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to White respondents. SM respondents indicated significantly lower levels of emotional connection and higher levels of depression and anxiety, as compared to heterosexual respondents. Parents reported receiving substantially less child care assistance than they were before the pandemic, but also reported lower levels of anxiety, depression, and work-related burnout compared to childless respondents. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for doctoral program directors and chairs include implementing a purposive communication strategy, faculty modeling self-care and boundaries, creating opportunities for connection, scheduling value-added activities driven by student interest and needs, approaching student needs and plans of study with flexibility, and creating virtual affinity groups to help students connect with those facing similar challenges. Recommendation for Researchers: Outcome evaluation studies of doctoral program initiatives and policies to promote student well-being--both during and in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic-- is warranted. Impact on Society: The COVID-19 pandemic presents complex financial, interpersonal, and programmatic challenges for doctoral faculty and program directors, many of which affect the well-being and mental health of their students. Findings and recommendations from this study may be used to address the needs of doctoral students and support their path to doctoral degree completion. Future Research: Future studies should include measures that tap a broader range of indicators of depression, anxiety, and emotional connection, and additional domains of well-being. Multivariate analyses would permit predictive conclusions, and follow-up qualitative analyses would offer deeper insights into doctoral students’ well-being, coping skills, and experiences within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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- 2021
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7. Substance Use Disparities at the Intersection of Sexual Identity and Race/Ethnicity: Results from the 2015–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
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Rebecca L. Collins, Dana M. Prince, Joshua Breslau, and Megan S. Schuler
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Urology ,Ethnic group ,Poison control ,Dermatology ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Race (biology) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,parasitic diseases ,Injury prevention ,Ethnicity ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Sexual identity ,030505 public health ,Racial Groups ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Original Articles ,Health Status Disparities ,Middle Aged ,Health Surveys ,Minority stress ,United States ,Health equity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Female ,Lesbian ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Demography - Abstract
Purpose: Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) racial/ethnic minority individuals experience minority stress due to both their sexual identity and race/ethnicity and may be at elevated substance use risk (relative to heterosexuals) compared with their White LGB peers. We examined differences in the presence and magnitude of substance use disparities among LGB adults across race/ethnicity. Methods: Using data on 168,560 adults (including 11,389 LGB adults) from the 2015–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we examined disparities in cigarette smoking, heavy episodic drinking (HED), and marijuana use by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic, and other race/multiracial). Analyses compared lesbian/gay and bisexual adults, respectively, with heterosexual adults of the same gender and race/ethnicity. We also tested the magnitude of racial/ethnic minority disparities relative to the corresponding White disparity. Results: Significant disparities in smoking, HED, and marijuana use were observed for lesbian/gay and bisexual women across nearly all racial/ethnic groups. Disparities were consistently greater in magnitude for Black and Hispanic LGB women compared with White LGB women. Few disparities were observed among men; the magnitude of observed disparities did not differ by race/ethnicity. Conclusion: Disparities were most pronounced among racial/ethnic minority LGB women, which may reflect their unique experiences of discrimination at the intersection of multiple minority idenities. However, racial/ethnic minority gay and bisexual men were not at elevated risk relative to their White counterparts. Future research on substance use disparities among LGB individuals using an intersectional framework is warranted to elucidate differential minority stress processes that contribute to the observed heterogeneity across race/ethnicity, sexual identity, and gender.
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- 2020
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8. The functional patterns of adolescent mothers leaving foster care: Results from a cluster analysis
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Elizabeth M. Aparicio, Claudette Grinnell-Davis, Jason Lynch, Dana M. Prince, Svetlana Shpiegel, and Bryn King
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Aging out ,Health (social science) ,Foster care ,Sociology and Political Science ,Disease cluster ,Psychology ,Developmental psychology - Published
- 2020
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9. Research Foundations of Greenbook Interventions to Address the Co‐Occurrence of Child Maltreatment and Adult Domestic Violence
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Dana M. Prince, David Crampton, Laura A. Voith, Megan R. Holmes, and Anna E. Bender
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Child abuse ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Co-occurrence ,medicine ,Psychological intervention ,Domestic violence ,Psychiatry ,Psychology ,Law ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2019
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10. Effects of individual risk and state housing factors on adverse outcomes in a national sample of youth transitioning out of foster care
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Sarah Vidal, Dana M. Prince, Christian M. Connell, and Nathanael J. Okpych
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Male ,Adolescent ,Databases, Factual ,Social Psychology ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Group home ,Ethnic group ,050109 social psychology ,Article ,Foster Home Care ,American Community Survey ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Sex Distribution ,Human services ,05 social sciences ,Protective Factors ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Foster care ,Ill-Housed Persons ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cohort ,Housing ,Female ,Residence ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Demography - Abstract
Introduction Compared to their peers, youth who leave the foster care system without permanency experience greater risks for adverse young adult outcomes, including homelessness, incarceration, substance abuse, and early child birth. Extant literature focuses on individual-level factors related to adversity. In this study, we estimated the impact of state and individual-level risk and protective factors on adverse 19-year-old outcomes among a cohort of U.S. transition age youth. Methods We used multilevel modeling to analyze prospective, longitudinal data from two waves of the National Youth in Transitions Database (N = 7449). These data were linked to the Adoption and Foster Care Reporting System, the Administration for Children and Families budget expenditures, and the American Community Survey for the period from 2011 to 2013. Results Approximately 30% of the variation in each of the 19-year-old outcomes could be attributed to state-level effects. Residence in a state that spent above average of CFCIP budget on housing supports reduced the risk of homelessness and incarceration. Living in a state with a higher proportion of housing-burdened low-income renters significantly increased the risk of substance abuse and child birth. Individual-level risks were significant: racial/ethnic minority, male gender, past risk history, placement instability, child behavioral problems, residence in group home or runaway. Remaining in foster care at age 19 reduced the odds of homelessness, incarceration, and substance abuse. Conclusion Macro factors, including financial support for transition-age youth, and broader housing market characteristics, have a bearing on young adult outcomes, and raise policy questions across social and human service sectors.
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- 2019
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11. Evidence-based sexual health programs for youth involved with juvenile justice and child welfare systems: Outcomes across settings
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Katie Massey Combs, Elizabeth M. Aparicio, Laura Marra, Dana M. Prince, Monica Faulkner, and Claudette Grinnell-Davis
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Gerontology ,education.field_of_study ,Evidence-based practice ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Population ,050301 education ,Education ,Birth control ,Foster care ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Justice (ethics) ,Psychology ,education ,business ,0503 education ,Welfare ,Curriculum ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common ,Reproductive health - Abstract
Introduction System-involved youth experience disproportionately high rates of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Although many evidence-based sexual health programs exist, few have been evaluated among system-involved youth. We aimed to assess the impact of two evidence-based programs (Making Proud Choices! and Be Proud! Be Responsible!) among this population, and to explore whether impacts differed by juvenile justice (JJ) and foster care (FC) settings. Methods System-involved youth (N = 803) received an evidence-based sexual health program across five facilities. Providers were trained in trauma-informed care and made related minor “green-light” changes to the curricula. Youth completed pre- and post-test measures examining their sexual health knowledge and attitudes towards condoms and birth control. Results Unadjusted t-tests found that participants in both JJ and FC significantly (p Discussion Results suggest that Making Proud Choices! and Be Proud! Be Responsible! can improve system-involved youths' sexual health knowledge, and attitudes towards condoms and birth control across JJ and FC settings. Outcomes may depend upon facilitators' training in trauma-informed care and “green light” tailoring modifications to adjust language and approach to be more trauma-informed.
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- 2019
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12. Disparities in Social and Economic Determinants of Health by Sexual Identity, Gender, and Age: Results from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
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Megan S. Schuler, Dana M. Prince, and Rebecca L. Collins
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Social Determinants of Health ,Urology ,Dermatology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sex Factors ,Epidemiology ,Health care ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Social determinants of health ,Sexual identity ,030505 public health ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Age Factors ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gender Identity ,Health Status Disparities ,Original Articles ,Middle Aged ,Mental health ,Health Surveys ,Health equity ,United States ,Sexual minority ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Female ,Lesbian ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Purpose: We characterize disparities between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults and heterosexual adults across multiple health determinants in a nationally representative sample. Methods: Data on 153,939 adults (including 11,133 LGB adults) were from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Separate Poisson regression models were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) that gay/lesbian and bisexual adults, respectively, experienced each health determinant, relative to heterosexual adults of the same gender and age group (ages 18-25, 26-34, 35-49, and 50-64). Statistically significant RR estimates were interpreted as a disparity. Results: Bisexual females exhibited disparities on all economic/health care access factors (no college degree, household poverty, means-tested assistance, unemployment, and lacking health insurance) across nearly all age groups; lesbian/gay females exhibited disparities in means-tested assistance and health insurance for some age groups. Notably fewer economic disparities were observed among gay and bisexual males. LGB adults (across identity, gender, and age group) were more likely to live alone, to have never been married, and to report low religious service attendance. Bisexual and lesbian/gay females, across age groups, had 1.7-2.2 times the risk of a lifetime arrest for a criminal offense, relative to same-age heterosexual females. Conclusions: Our results highlight that LGB females, particularly bisexual females, experience significant disparities in economic determinants of health, and all LGB subgroups exhibited disparities in some of the examined social determinants of health. The observed disparities, which spanned across age groups, likely contribute to disparities in physical and mental health observed among LGB adults.
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- 2021
13. Disproportionate Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Perceived Social Support, Mental Health and Somatic Symptoms in Sexual and Gender Minority Populations
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Braveheart Gillani, Dana M. Prince, Scott Emory Moore, Kelly L. Wierenga, and Laura Janine Mintz
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Social Psychology ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,050109 social psychology ,Anxiety ,Education ,Gender Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social support ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Psychiatry ,Heterosexuality ,Pandemics ,General Psychology ,030505 public health ,SARS-CoV-2 ,05 social sciences ,COVID-19 ,Social Support ,General Medicine ,Mental health ,Health equity ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Medically Unexplained Symptoms ,Mental Health ,Rumination ,Sexual orientation ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology - Abstract
Deaths from COVID-19 continue to rise, and this virus has asymmetric impacts on marginalized communities though specific impacts on sexual and gender minority communities are not well understood. From March 23 to June 20, 2020, in an online cross-sectional survey among 1380 US adults, we assessed physical symptoms, psychological symptoms, rumination, and perceived social support in order to describe differences between sexual and gender minority (n = 290) and cisgender heterosexual (n = 1090) respondents. Sexual and gender minority respondents had more frequent COVID-19-associated physical symptoms and depression and anxiety symptoms. Sexual and gender minorities had a significantly higher proportion of depression and anxiety scores exceeding the clinical concern threshold. Longitudinal studies on the physical and psychological impacts of COVID-19 among sexual and gender minority communities are needed to inform interventions to eliminate these disparities.
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- 2021
14. Multisystem-Involved Youth: A Developmental Framework and Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice
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Christian M. Connell, Dana M. Prince, Jacob Kraemer Tebes, and Sarah Vidal
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education.field_of_study ,05 social sciences ,Population ,Ethnic group ,Poison control ,Human factors and ergonomics ,050109 social psychology ,Suicide prevention ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Juvenile delinquency ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Justice (ethics) ,Psychology ,education ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Screening procedures ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Multisystem-involved youth are children and adolescents concurrently served in the child welfare, behavioral health, and/or juvenile justice systems. These youth are a high risk and vulnerable population, often due to their experience of multiple adversities and trauma, yet little is known about their multiple needs and pathways into multisystem involvement. Multisystem-involved youth present unique challenges to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. In this article, we summarize the literature on multisystem-involved youth, including prevalence, characteristics, risk factors, and disparities for this population. We then describe a developmental cascade framework, which specifies how exposure to adverse experiences in childhood may have a “cascading” or spillover effect later in development, to depict pathways of multisystem involvement and opportunities for intervention. This framework offers a multidimensional view of involvement across service systems and illustrates the complexities of relationships between micro- and macro-level factors at various stages and domains of development. We conclude that multisystem-involved youth are an understudied population that may represent majority of youth who are already served in another service system. Many of these youth are also disproportionately from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds. Currently, for multisystem-involved youth and their families, there is a lack of standardized and integrated screening procedures to identify youth with open cases across service systems; inadequate use of available instruments to assess exposure to complex trauma; inadequate clinical and family-related evidence-based practices specifically for use with this population; and poor cross-systems collaboration and coordination that align goals and targeted outcomes across systems. We make recommendations for research, practice, and systems development to address the needs of multisystem-involved youth and their families.
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- 2018
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15. Collective Efficacy as a Key Context in Neighborhood Support for Urban Youth
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Alice J. Hausman, Bronwyn A. Hunter, Bernadette C. Hohl, Samantha L. Matlin, Jacob Kraemer Tebes, Dana M. Prince, and Azure B. Thompson
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Adult ,Male ,Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Alienation ,Context (language use) ,Walking ,Transactional analysis ,Social Environment ,Article ,Interviews as Topic ,Young Adult ,Residence Characteristics ,Perception ,Humans ,Applied Psychology ,media_common ,Philadelphia ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Social environment ,Social Support ,social sciences ,Self Efficacy ,Collective efficacy ,Walkability ,population characteristics ,Environment Design ,Female ,Safety ,Positive Youth Development ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,human activities - Abstract
Neighborhood context, including the physical and social environment, has been implicated as important contributors to positive youth development. A transactional approach to neighborhood asserts that place and people are mutually constitutive; negative perceptions of place are intrinsically bound with negative portrayals of stigmatized groups, including youth. Adult perceptions of neighborhood youth may contribute to an increased sense of alienation and youth antisocial behavior. This study uses street-intercept interviews with adults (N = 408) to examine the relationship between neighborhood conditions and adult support for neighborhood youth. A path model was used to examine the direct and indirect relationship of neighborhood constructs (safety, aesthetic quality, and walkability) on adult support for neighborhood youth. Neighborhood aesthetic quality and the walking environment were directly associated with adult support for youth, whereas perceived safety was indirectly associated. Collective efficacy partially explained these relationships. Findings support theorized relationships between people and places; improvements to neighborhood physical environment may directly impact resident adults' perceptions of neighborhood young people.
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- 2019
16. Assessing Future Expectations of Low-Income Minority Young Men: Survival-Threats and Positive Expectations
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Dana M. Prince, Deborah Gorman-Smith, David Henry, Marina Epstein, Paula S. Nurius, and Kevin M. King
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Operationalization ,Poverty ,Psychometrics ,05 social sciences ,Ethnic group ,050109 social psychology ,Sample (statistics) ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Measurement invariance ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Positive Youth Development ,Psychology ,Construct (philosophy) ,Social psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Future expectations, a subset of overall orientation, represent youths' most realistic appraisals of future outcomes, and has been demonstrated to be associated with a range of health risk behaviors and wellbeing. The current study extends previous measurement efforts to operationalize and measure future expectations by estimating a multidimensional model of future expectations encompassing both positive and survival-based expectations, and using longitudinal data to test the consistency of these constructs over time. The current work uses data from six waves of the Chicago Youth Development Study (n=338), a sample of African American and Latino young men from low income neighborhoods in an urban center, to test a hypothesized multidimensional structure of future expectations across adolescence. Test retest confirmatory factor analyses from six waves of data covering the mean age range of 12 to 19 years reveal good model fit for the hypothesized multidimensional model of future expectations at each wave. Strong measurement invariance based on race/ethnicity is established for the multidimensional model. Implications for a latent construct approach to future expectations with low-income racial/ethnic minority young men are discussed.
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- 2016
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17. Contextualizing Change Points in Alcohol Use from Early Adolescence through Young Adulthood
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Heather L. Storer, Ann Vander Stoep, Molly Adrian, Kelly Thompson, Dana M. Prince, Elizabeth McCauley, and Nancy Namkung
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Coping (psychology) ,Longitudinal study ,Sociology and Political Science ,Early adolescence ,Alcohol ,Developmental psychology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Prosocial behavior ,chemistry ,Young adult ,Psychology ,Positive Youth Development ,Qualitative research ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Alcohol is the most widely used and abused substance among America’s youths. Understanding patterns of alcohol use over the course of adolescent development, including risk and protective factors related to variation in use, is a central goal of adolescent alcohol research. Authors of this article created a personalized graphic representation of individual drinking, as reported in seven waves of questionnaire data from an ongoing longitudinal study. The graphic served as the basis for a qualitative investigation of 12 young adults’ retrospective explanations for increases and decreases in their alcohol consumption during adolescence. A total of 45 changes were assessed: 26 increases and 19 decreases. Three themes for increased alcohol use emerged: (1) adult role modeling, (2) coping with stress or loss, and (3) desiring social inclusion. Five themes for decreased alcohol use emerged: (1) internal motivation, (2) involvement in meaningful activities, (3) prosocial relationships with nonparental adults, (4) increased use of another substance, and (5) becoming a mother. Positive youth development framework was applied to suggest how these findings may be used to inform strategies to reduce underage alcohol use.
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- 2015
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18. Neighborhood sexual violence moderates women’s perceived safety in urban neighborhoods
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Erin E. Hoffman, Bronwyn A. Hunter, Tanisha T. M. Mair, Jacob Kraemer Tebes, and Dana M. Prince
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Adult ,Male ,Social Psychology ,genetic structures ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Residence Characteristics ,Perception ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Women ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Poverty ,media_common ,High rate ,Perceived safety ,Sexual violence ,05 social sciences ,Sex Offenses ,social sciences ,Middle Aged ,United States ,Unemployment ,population characteristics ,Female ,Sex offense ,Crime ,Safety ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,human activities ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Perceptions of neighborhood safety are positively associated with perceptions of neighborhood violence. However, research has yet to examine whether this relationship is moderated by specific types of violence, such as sexual violence, that are more salient for women. Using street-intercept interviews with 343 adults in 9 neighborhoods of a U.S. city with high rates of poverty, unemployment, and crime, we examine the relationship of perceived neighborhood violence to perceived safety in the context of gender while controlling for neighborhood assets that moderate perceptions of neighborhood safety and violence. We hypothesized that gender would moderate the relationship between perceived neighborhood violence and safety, and that women's perceptions of neighborhood safety would be significantly influenced by neighborhood sexual violence, but not other types of violence. Although women and men in these high crime, urban neighborhoods did not differ in their perceptions of neighborhood safety or violence, perceived sexual violence did significantly moderate safety by gender; women's perceptions of neighborhood sexual violence predicted perceived safety in their neighborhood. Importantly, gender did not moderate perceived safety for other types of violence. These results illustrate the importance of taking gender and perceived sexual violence into account to understand neighborhood safety in adults, particularly women.
- Published
- 2017
19. Direct and indirect effects of child abuse and environmental stress: A lifecourse perspective on adversity and depressive symptoms
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Dana M. Prince, Todd I. Herrenkohl, W. Alex Mason, Roy C. Herrenkohl, Cindy Sousa, and M. Jean Russo
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Child abuse ,Adult ,Male ,050103 clinical psychology ,Longitudinal study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Family Conflict ,Poison control ,Suicide prevention ,Article ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Residence Characteristics ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Psychiatry ,Child ,Depression ,Adult Survivors of Child Abuse ,05 social sciences ,Stressor ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Physical abuse ,Female ,Psychology (miscellaneous) ,Psychology ,Stress, Psychological ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
There is a great deal of evidence about the mental health implications of physical child abuse and environmental stressors, or hardships that people experience at the household and neighborhood level (e.g., neighborhood violence; economic hardship, substance abuse, or conflict among family members). Yet, studies often focus on either abuse or environmental stress, not both, or examine abuse and environmental stressors as a combined set of experiences. Less is known, therefore, about how child abuse and environmental stress might work as either distinct or interrelated risks to diminish mental health over time. In this longitudinal study, we used path analyses to examine the cumulative effects of physical child abuse and environmental stressors on adult depressive symptoms among a sample of children followed into adulthood (N = 356). The goal was to assess whether chronic physical child abuse remains an independent predictor of adult outcomes once we accounted for the cumulative effects of household and neighborhood stressors across the lifecourse. Cumulative measures of physical child abuse and environmental stress each independently predicted a higher likelihood of adult depressive symptoms (s = .122, p < .01 and s = .283, p < .001, respectively). After accounting for adolescent depressive symptoms, only cumulative environmental stressors independently predicted depressive symptoms (s = .202, p < .001). Tests of the indirect effect of cumulative environmental stress on the relationship between cumulative physical abuse and adult depressive symptoms were marginally statistically significant. Results add to literature that examines child abuse, adversity, and lifecourse perspectives on health. (PsycINFO Database Record
- Published
- 2017
20. Socio-Psychological Mediators of the Relationship Between Behavioral Health Stigma and Psychiatric Symptoms
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Samantha L. Matlin, Dana M. Prince, Nathaniel V. Mohatt, Azure B. Thompson, Jacob Kraemer Tebes, and Bronwyn A. Hunter
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Adult ,Male ,Coping (psychology) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social Stigma ,Article ,Stigma management ,Behavioral Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social support ,0302 clinical medicine ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Perception ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,Psychiatry ,media_common ,030505 public health ,Addiction ,Mental Disorders ,Patient Acuity ,Social Support ,Middle Aged ,Mental illness ,medicine.disease ,Stigma (anatomy) ,Female ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Addiction Medicine ,Confidentiality ,Serial mediation - Abstract
The stigma associated with mental illness or addiction is significantly and positively related to psychiatric symptoms. According to Modified Labeling Theory, several processes should mediate this relationship, including rejection experiences, stigma management (secrecy coping), and social support. In the first comprehensive test of this theory, we examined a serial mediation model on three waves of data from 138 adults receiving outpatient behavioral health treatment. Participants were recruited from outpatient behavioral health clinics in a large northeastern city in the United States and completed interviews that assessed stigma, rejection experiences, stigma management, social support, and psychiatric symptoms. There was a direct effect between stigma and psychiatric symptoms and an indirect effect in which perceived rejection, secrecy coping and social support sequentially and longitudinally intervened in the stigma and psychiatric symptom relationship. Higher perceptions of stigma predicted more rejection experiences, which marginally increased secrecy coping and decreased social support. In turn, decreased social support increased psychiatric symptoms. We provide support for Modified Labeling Theory and the clinical utility of specific mediators in the relationship between stigma and psychiatric symptoms among adults in behavioral health treatment living in urban settings.
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- 2017
21. The role of positive academic self-concept in promoting school success
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Paula S. Nurius and Dana M. Prince
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Parental support ,Sociology and Political Science ,Psychological literature ,education ,Self-concept ,Identity (social science) ,Education ,Intervention (counseling) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,School environment ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Disadvantage ,At-risk students - Abstract
Identity research argues for enhancing students' current and future positive academic self-concepts to strengthen educational success. However, multiple factors from youths' home and school ecologies, as well as structural disadvantage, influence this relationship. Using the data from the Beyond High School Study (N = 9658), this analysis examines the role of academic self-concept in predicting school success over and above co-occurring contributors. The effects of positive academic self-concept on future educational aspirations, accessing educational guidance counseling, and student GPA were tested using stepped linear regression, controlling for student socio-demographics, school environment factors, and parental support. Results confirmed hypotheses for each academic indicator, with positive academic self-concept demonstrating the strongest coefficient. Implications for school-based intervention are discussed, linking to social psychological literature on future-oriented self-cognitions and strengthening motivational and regulatory function, particularly among youth facing systemic challenges.
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- 2014
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22. Multiple Disadvantage and Discrimination: Implications for Adolescent Health and Education
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Dana M. Prince, Anita Rocha, and Paula S. Nurius
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030505 public health ,Sociology and Political Science ,Multiple forms ,05 social sciences ,education ,050109 social psychology ,Peer relationships ,Mental health ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Disadvantaged ,03 medical and health sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Disadvantage ,Social status ,Adolescent health - Abstract
Multiply disadvantaged youths exhibit worse health and academic success than their less disadvantaged peers, possibly due to greater exposure to social status–based discrimination. Models that capture the additive burden of disadvantage in tandem with multiple forms of discrimination are needed to explicate the unique and combined impact of these factors on adolescent health and academic outcomes. In addition, protective factors like positive family and peer relationships may attenuate these relationships. This study used data from the Beyond High School Study (N = 9,658), which looked at the transition to adulthood among senior class cohorts from 12 high schools in western Washington state, to investigate the influence of multiple disadvantage, four types of discrimination, and protective resources on student physical and mental health and school grades. Results show that both increased multiple disadvantage statuses and experienced discrimination are associated with decrements across outcomes; however, effects are attenuated when protective resources are considered. Yet, as disadvantages mount, the buffering effect of peer and family resources are dampened. No interaction was found between experienced discrimination and protective resources on outcomes.
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- 2017
23. Reciprocal Effects of Positive Future Expectations, Threats to Safety, and Risk Behavior Across Adolescence
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David Henry, Marina Epstein, Paula S. Nurius, Deborah Gorman-Smith, and Dana M. Prince
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Ordinal data ,Male ,050103 clinical psychology ,Adolescent ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Cohort Studies ,Random Allocation ,Risk-Taking ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Juvenile delinquency ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Categorical variable ,Motivation ,05 social sciences ,Risk behavior ,Anticipation, Psychological ,Anticipation ,Clinical Psychology ,Adolescent Behavior ,Juvenile Delinquency ,Positive Youth Development ,Construct (philosophy) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Reciprocal ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Forecasting - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We examined the reciprocal relationships among positive future expectations, expected threats to future safety, depression, and individual substance use and delinquency using four waves of data (N= 248–338) from African American and Latino adolescent male participants in the Chicago Youth Development Study. METHOD: Individual positive future expectations and expected threats to safety were assessed at each wave and modeled as latent constructs. Individual substance use and delinquency were assessed at each wave and represented as ordinal variables ranging from low to high. Categorical autoregressive cross-lagged structural models were used to examine the hypothesized reciprocal relationships between both aspects of future expectations and risk behavior across adolescence. RESULTS: Analyses show future expectations has important effects on youth substance use and involvement in delinquency, both of which in turn decrease positive expectations and increase expectation of threats to future safety across adolescence. Similarly, low positive expectations for the future continued to predict increased substance use and involvement in delinquency. Expected threats to safety was significantly correlated with delinquency within time. These effects are observed across adolescence after controlling for youth depression and race. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the reciprocal effects hypothesis of a negative reinforcing cycle in the relationships between future expectations and both substance use and involvement in delinquent behavior across adolescence. The enduring nature of these relationships underscores the importance of future expectation as a potential change mechanism for intervention and prevention efforts to promote healthy development–vulnerable racial and ethnic minority adolescent males may especially benefit from such intervention.
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- 2016
24. ‘Subjects, Participants, Collaborators’
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Dana M. Prince and Crystal Biruk
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Public health ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Public relations ,Gender Studies ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Reading (process) ,Political Science and International Relations ,Sustainability ,medicine ,Sociology ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Following critiques of top–down, culturally insensitive health research agendas and methodologies,1 academics and policy makers have come to emphasize sustainability and local ownership by calling ...
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- 2008
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25. Cumulative Disadvantage and Youth Well-Being: A Multi-Domain Examination with Life Course Implications
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Anita Rocha, Paula S. Nurius, and Dana M. Prince
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Stressor ,General Social Sciences ,Health outcomes ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Multi domain ,Well-being ,Life course approach ,Psychological resilience ,Psychology ,Psychosocial ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Disadvantage ,media_common - Abstract
The accumulation of disadvantage has been shown to increase psychosocial stressors that impact life course well-being. This study tests for significant differences, based on disadvantage exposure, on youths’ emotional and physical health, as well as family supports, peer assets, and academic success, which hold potential for resilience and amelioration of negative health outcomes. A 12 item cumulative disadvantage summed index derived from surveys of a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of urban high school seniors (n = 9658) was used to distinguish youth at low, moderate, and high levels. Findings supported hypothesized stepped patterns such that as multiple disadvantages accumulate, a concomitant decline is evident across the assessed outcome variables (except positive academic identity). Post-hoc tests indicated a pattern of groups being significantly different from one another. Overall, results lend support for an additive stress load associated with stacked disadvantage, with implications for continuing trends into adulthood as well as preventive interventions.
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- 2015
26. What about Place? Considering the Role of Physical Environment on Youth Imagining of Future Possible Selves
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Dana M. Prince
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Identity development ,Sociology and Political Science ,Salience (language) ,General Social Sciences ,Place identity ,Identity (social science) ,Cognition ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Article ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Identity research indicates that development of well elaborated cognitions about oneself in the future, or one's possible selves, is consequential for youths' developmental trajectories, influencing a range of social, health, and educational outcomes. Although the theory of possible selves considers the role of social contexts in identity development, the potential influence of the physical environment is understudied. At the same time, a growing body of work spanning multiple disciplines points to the salience of place, or the meaningful physical environments of people's everyday lives, as an active contributor to self-identity. Bridging these two lines of inquiry, I provide evidence to show how place-based experiences, such as belonging, aversion, and entrapment, may be internalized and encoded into possible selves, thus producing emplaced future self-concept. I suggest that for young people, visioning self in the future is inextricably bound with place; place is an active contributor both in the present development of future self-concept and in enabling young people to envision different future possible places. Implications for practice and future research include place-making interventions and conceptualizing place beyond “neighborhood effects.”
- Published
- 2014
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