31 results on '"Dangoor, Margaret"'
Search Results
2. Long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of people with dementia and their family carers
- Author
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Read, Sanna, primary, Hicks, Ben, additional, Budden, Emily, additional, Douglass, Jacob, additional, Grahamslaw, Amanda, additional, Herrero, Elena, additional, Joseph, Gregory, additional, Kirkup, Christine, additional, Pusey, Martha, additional, Russell, Alice, additional, Sondh, Harsharon, additional, Sondh, Sharon, additional, Storey, Bryony, additional, Towson, Georgia, additional, Baxter, Kate, additional, Birks, Yvonne, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Colclough, Carmen, additional, Dangoor, Margaret, additional, Dixon, Josie, additional, Donaghy, Paul, additional, Gridley, Kate, additional, Harris, Peter R, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, King, Derek, additional, Knapp, Martin, additional, Miles, Eleanor, additional, Mueller, Christoph, additional, Perach, Rotem, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Rusted, Jennifer, additional, Thomas, Alan J, additional, Wittenberg, Raphael, additional, and Banerjee, Sube, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Emotion-focused dyadic coping styles used by family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
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Colclough, Carmen, Miles, Eleanor, Rusted, Jennifer, Perach, Rotem, Hicks, Ben, Dixon, Josie, Dangoor, Margaret, Gridley, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Donaghy, Paul, Mcardle, Riona, Moseley, Elen, Sondh, Harsharon K., and Banerjee, Sube
- Subjects
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,HQ The family. Marriage. Woman - Abstract
Emotional wellbeing of family carers and people with dementia is associated with not only how each individual copes with stress and conflict, but also by how they cope together. Finding ways to positively cope together was particularly important during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, when other avenues of emotional support were less available. We explored how carers experienced and used emotion-focused dyadic coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted during the pandemic with 42 family carers, supplemented by quality of life scores collected both pre- and during the pandemic and household status. Abductive thematic analysis identified five styles of emotion-focused dyadic coping: common, supportive, hostile, disengaged avoidance and protective. The COVID-19 pandemic left many dyads unsupported. While many carers adapted, reporting increases in quality of life and enjoying the extra time with the person with dementia, others experienced dyadic conflict and reductions in quality of life. This variation was associated with dyadic coping styles, including challenges in using ‘positive’ styles and the protective use of ‘negative’ disengaged avoidance in the right situations. Dyadic coping styles also differed as a function of whether the dyad lived together. As many people with dementia are supported by an informal carer, considering how they cope together could help us to better support them. We make suggestions for dyadic interventions tailored by co-residency status that could help dyads identify and communicate coping needs, reconnect following avoidance coping, and replenish their coping resources through social support.
- Published
- 2023
4. Predictors of loneliness during the Covid-19 pandemic in people with dementia and their carers in England: findings from the DETERMIND-C19 study
- Author
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Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Hicks, Ben, Harris, Peter R, Rusted, Jennifer, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Dixon, Josie, Robinson, Louise, Thomas, Alan, Banerjee, Sube, DETERMIND Team, Harris, Peter R [0000-0003-4599-4929], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Loneliness ,carers ,COVID-19 ,HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,wellbeing ,social resources ,Caregivers ,England ,RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,Humans ,Dementia ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,Gerontology ,Pandemics - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify factors that predict the risk of loneliness for people with dementia and carers during a pandemic. \ud \ud METHODS: People with dementia and their carers completed assessments before (July 2019-March 2020; 206 dyads) and after (July-October 2020) the first Covid-19 'lockdown' in England. At follow-up, the analytic sample comprised 67 people with dementia and 108 carers. We built a longitudinal path model with loneliness as an observed outcome. Carer type and social contacts at both measurements were considered. Other social resources (quality of relationship, formal day activities), wellbeing (anxiety, psychological wellbeing) and cognitive impairment were measured with initial level and change using latent growth curves. We adjusted for socio-demographic factors and health at baseline. \ud \ud RESULTS: In carers, higher levels of loneliness were directly associated with non-spouse coresident carer type, level and increase of anxiety in carer, more formal day activities, and higher cognitive impairment in the person with dementia. In people with dementia, non-spouse coresident carer type, and higher initial levels of social resources, wellbeing, and cognitive impairment predicted the changes in these factors; this produced indirect effects on social contacts and loneliness. \ud \ud CONCLUSION: Loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic appears to be shaped by different mechanisms for people with dementia and their carers. The results suggest that carers of those with dementia may prioritize providing care that protects the person with dementia from loneliness at the cost of experiencing loneliness themselves. Directions for the promotion of adaptive social care during the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond are discussed.
- Published
- 2023
5. Using digital technologies to facilitate social inclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences of co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia from DETERMIND-C19
- Author
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Hicks, Ben, Gridley, Kate, Dixon, Josie, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Colclough, Carmen, Karim, Anomita, Perach, Rotem, Moseley, Elen, Russell, Alice, Sondh, Harsharon K., Storey, Bryony, Tipping, Eva, Ardle, Riona Mc, Donaghy, Paul, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Waine, Harriet, Wheatley, Katherine, and Banerjee, Sube
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,HM Sociology ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,T Technology ,HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered rapid and unprecedented changes in the use of digital technologies to support people's social inclusion. We examined whether and how co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia engaged with digital technologies during this period. Methods: Throughout November 2020-February 2021, we interviewed 42 family carers of people with dementia from our DETERMIND-C19 cohort. Preliminary analysis was conducted through Framework analysis, followed by an inductive thematic analysis. Findings: Digital technologies served as a Facilitator for social inclusion by enabling carers to counter the effects of the differing restrictions imposed on them so they could remain socially connected and form a sense of solidarity, access resources and information, engage in social and cultural activities and provide support and independence in their caring role. However, these experiences were not universal as carers discussed some Challenges for tech inclusion, which included preferences for face-to-face contact, lack of technological literacy and issues associated with the accessibility of the technology. Conclusion: Many of the carers engaged with Information and Communication Technologies, and to a lesser extent Assistive Technologies, during the pandemic. Whilst carers experienced different challenges due to where they lived, broadly the use of these devices helped them realise important facets of social inclusion as well as facilitated the support they provided to the person with dementia. However, to reduce the ‘digital divide’ and support the social inclusion of all dementia carers, our findings suggest it is essential that services are attuned to their preferences, needs and technological abilities.
- Published
- 2023
6. Supplemental Material - emotion-focused dyadic coping styles used by family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
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Colclough, Carmen, Miles, Eleanor, Rusted, Jennifer, Perach, Rotem, Hicks, Ben, Dixon, Josie, Dangoor, Margaret, Gridley, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Donaghy, Paul, Mcardle, Riona, Moseley, Elen, Sondh, Harsharon K, and Banerjee, Sube
- Subjects
111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified ,111708 Health and Community Services ,FOS: Clinical medicine ,FOS: Political science ,FOS: Health sciences ,160512 Social Policy ,110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
Supplemental Material for Emotion-focused dyadic coping styles used by family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic by Carmen Colclough, Eleanor Miles, Rotem Perach, Ben Hicks, Josie Dixon, Jennifer Rusted, Kate Gridley, Yvonne Birks, Margaret Dangoor, Paul Donaghy, Riona Mcardle, Elen Moseley, Harsharon K. Sondh, Sube Banerjee in Dementia
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A cohort study of the impact of COVID‐19 on the quality of life of people newly diagnosed with dementia and their family carers
- Author
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Hicks, Ben, primary, Read, Sanna, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Wittenberg, Raphael, additional, Grahamslaw, Amanda, additional, Karim, Anomita, additional, Martin, Evelyn, additional, Nuzum, Eleanor, additional, Reichental, Jacob, additional, Russell, Alice, additional, Siddle, Elaine, additional, Storey, Bryony, additional, Tipping, Eva, additional, Baxter, Kate, additional, Birks, Yvonne, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Brimblecombe, Nicola, additional, Dangoor, Margaret, additional, Dixon, Josie, additional, Gridley, Kate, additional, Harris, Peter R., additional, Knapp, Martin, additional, Miles, Eleanor, additional, Perach, Rotem, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Rusted, Jennifer, additional, Stewart, Rob, additional, Thomas, Alan J., additional, and Banerjee, Sube, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers (DETERMIND): A protocol paper
- Author
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Farina, Nicolas, primary, Hicks, Ben, additional, Baxter, Kate, additional, Birks, Yvonne, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Dangoor, Margaret, additional, Dixon, Josie, additional, Harris, Peter R., additional, Hu, Bo, additional, Knapp, Martin, additional, Miles, Eleanor, additional, Perach, Rotem, additional, Read, Sanna, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Rusted, Jennifer, additional, Stewart, Rob, additional, Thomas, Alan, additional, Wittenberg, Raphael, additional, and Banerjee, Sube, additional
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
9. Antibiotic resistance: don't blame patients
- Author
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Glover, Rebecca E, Dangoor, Margaret, and Mays, Nicholas
- Published
- 2019
10. Projections of multi-morbidity in the older population in England to 2035: estimates from the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) model
- Author
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Kingston, Andrew, Robinson, Louise, Booth, Heather, Knapp, Martin, Jagger, Carol, MODEM project, Adelaja, Bayo, Avendano, Mauricio, Bamford, Sally-Marie, Banerjee, Sube, Berwald, Sharne, Bowling, Ann, Burgon, Clare, Bustard, Elizabeth, Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Farina, Nicolas, Greengross, Sally, Grundy, Emily, Hu, Bo, King, Derek, Lombard, Daniel, Lorenz, Klara, McDaid, David, Park, A-La, Pikhartova, Jitka, Rehill, Amritpal, and Wittenberg, Raphael
- Abstract
Background\ud models projecting future disease burden have focussed on one or two diseases. Little is known on how risk factors of younger cohorts will play out in the future burden of multi-morbidity (two or more concurrent long-term conditions).\ud \ud Design\ud a dynamic microsimulation model, the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) model, simulates the characteristics (sociodemographic factors, health behaviours, chronic diseases and geriatric conditions) of individuals over the period 2014–2040.\ud \ud Population\ud about 303,589 individuals aged 35 years and over (a 1% random sample of the 2014 England population) created from Understanding Society, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II.\ud \ud Main outcome measures\ud the prevalence of, numbers with, and years lived with, chronic diseases, geriatric conditions and multi-morbidity.\ud \ud Results\ud between 2015 and 2035, multi-morbidity prevalence is estimated to increase, the proportion with 4+ diseases almost doubling (2015:9.8%; 2035:17.0%) and two-thirds of those with 4+ diseases will have mental ill-health (dementia, depression, cognitive impairment no dementia). Multi-morbidity prevalence in incoming cohorts aged 65–74 years will rise (2015:45.7%; 2035:52.8%). Life expectancy gains (men 3.6 years, women: 2.9 years) will be spent mostly with 4+ diseases (men: 2.4 years, 65.9%; women: 2.5 years, 85.2%), resulting from increased prevalence of rather than longer survival with multi-morbidity.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud our findings indicate that over the next 20 years there will be an expansion of morbidity, particularly complex multi-morbidity (4+ diseases). We advocate for a new focus on prevention of, and appropriate and efficient service provision for those with, complex multi-morbidity.
- Published
- 2018
11. Disease severity accounts for minimal variance of quality of life in people with dementia and their carers: analyses of cross-sectional data from the MODEM study.
- Author
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Farina, Nicolas, King, Derek, Burgon, Clare, Berwald, Sharne, Bustard, Elizabeth, Feeney, Yvonne, Habibi, Ruth, Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Knapp, Martin, Banerjee, Sube, On behalf of the MODEM group, Adelaja, Bayo, Avendano, Mauricio, Bamford, Sally-Marie, Bowling, Ann, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Greengross, Sally, Grundy, Emily, and Hu, Bo
- Subjects
MINI-Mental State Examination ,SENILE dementia ,COGNITION disorders ,DEMENTIA ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
Background: Due to the progressive nature of dementia, it is important to understand links between disease severity and health-related outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between disease severity and the quality of life (QoL) of people with dementia and their family carers using a number of disease-specific and generic measures.Methods: In the MODEM cohort study, three-hundred and seven people with clinically diagnosed dementia and their carers were recruited on a quota basis to provide equal numbers of people with mild (standardised Mini-Mental State Examination (sMMSE), n = 110), moderate (sMMSE 10-19, n = 100), and severe (sMMSE 0-9, n = 97) cognitive impairment. A series of multiple regression models were created to understand the associations between dementia severity and the QoL of people with dementia and the QoL of their carers. QoL was measured using self- (DEMQOL, EQ-5D, CASP-19) and proxy-reports (DEMQOL-Proxy, EQ-5D) of disease-specific and generic QoL of the person with dementia. Carer generic QoL was measured by self-report (EQ-5D, SF-12).Results: Disease severity, as measured by the sMMSE, was not significantly associated with the QoL of the person with dementia or the carer (p > 0.05), even after controlling for potential confounding variables for self-reported instruments. Proxy measures (rated by the carer) differed systematically in that there were small, but statistically significant proportions of the variance of QoL was explained by severity of cognitive impairment in multiple adjusted models. We also found little in the way of statistically significant relationships between the QoL of people with dementia and that of their carers except between DEMQOL-Proxy scores and the carer EQ-5D scores and carer SF-12 mental sub-scores.Conclusions: The data generated supports the somewhat counterintuitive argument that severity of cognitive impairment (and therefore severity of dementia) is not associated with lower QoL for the person with dementia when self-report measures are used. However, in absolute terms, as judged by the variance in the multivariate models, it is clear that the contribution of dementia severity to the QoL of people with dementia is minimal whatever the measurement used, be it self- or proxy-rated, or disease-specific or generic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers (DETERMIND): A protocol paper.
- Author
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Farina, Nicolas, Hicks, Ben, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Harris, Peter R., Hu, Bo, Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Stewart, Rob, Thomas, Alan, Wittenberg, Raphael, and Banerjee, Sube
- Subjects
MEDICAL care costs ,DEMENTIA ,QUALITY of life ,CARE of dementia patients ,CHANGE theory ,TREATMENT of dementia ,MEDICAL quality control ,RESEARCH ,CAREGIVERS ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,COMPARATIVE studies ,COST effectiveness ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Objectives: DETERMIND (DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers) is designed to address fundamental, and, as yet unanswered questions about inequalities, outcomes and costs following diagnosis with dementia. These answers are needed to improve the quality of care and equity of access to care, and therefore the quality of life, of people with dementia and their carers.Method: DETERMIND is a programme of research consisting of seven complementary workstreams (WS) exploring various components that may result in unequal dementia care: WS1: Recruitment and follow-up of the DETERMIND cohort-900 people with dementia and their carers from three geographically and socially diverse sites within six months following diagnosis, and follow them up for three years. WS2: Investigation of the extent of inequalities in access to dementia care. WS3: Relationship between use and costs of services and outcomes. WS4: Experiences of self-funders of care. WS5: Decision-making processes for people with dementia and carers. WS6: Effect of diagnostic stage and services on outcomes. WS7: Theory of Change informed strategy and actions for applying the research findings.Outcomes: During the life of the programme, analysing baseline results and then follow-up of the DETERMIND cohort over 3 years, we will establish evidence on current services and practice. DETERMIND will deliver novel, detailed data on inequalities in dementia care and what drives positive and negative outcomes and costs for people with dementia and carers, and identify factors that help or hinder living well with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. CLINICAL FOCUS: THE PRE-ACTION PROTOCOL: The Pre-action Protocol for the resolution of clinical disputes. 'Is the prescription good medicine?'
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Dangoor, Margaret, primary
- Published
- 2001
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14. The Pre-Action Protocol for the Resolution of Clinical Disputes: The Implications for Claims Managers
- Author
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Dangoor, Margaret, primary
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Blaming patients for antibiotic resistance is unhelpful and wrong.
- Author
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Glover, Rebecca, Dangoor, Margaret, and Mays, Nicholas
- Subjects
DRUG resistance in microorganisms ,FAMILY medicine ,HEALTH ,HEALTH services accessibility ,MEDICAL referrals ,MEDICAL prescriptions ,NATIONAL health services ,PHYSICIAN-patient relations ,GENERAL practitioners ,PRIMARY health care ,TRUST ,INFORMATION resources ,INAPPROPRIATE prescribing (Medicine) ,PSYCHOLOGY - Published
- 2019
16. Emotion-focused dyadic coping styles used by family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
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Colclough, Carmen, Miles, Eleanor, Rusted, Jennifer, Perach, Rotem, Hicks, Ben, Dixon, Josie, Dangoor, Margaret, Gridley, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Donaghy, Paul, Mcardle, Riona, Moseley, Elen, Sondh, Harsharon K., Banerjee, Sube, Colclough, Carmen, Miles, Eleanor, Rusted, Jennifer, Perach, Rotem, Hicks, Ben, Dixon, Josie, Dangoor, Margaret, Gridley, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Donaghy, Paul, Mcardle, Riona, Moseley, Elen, Sondh, Harsharon K., and Banerjee, Sube
- Abstract
Emotional wellbeing of family carers and people with dementia is associated with not only how each individual copes with stress and conflict, but also by how they cope together. Finding ways to positively cope together was particularly important during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, when other avenues of emotional support were less available. We explored how carers experienced and used emotion-focused dyadic coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted during the pandemic with 42 family carers, supplemented by quality of life scores collected both pre- and during the pandemic and household status. Abductive thematic analysis identified five styles of emotion-focused dyadic coping: common, supportive, hostile, disengaged avoidance and protective. The COVID-19 pandemic left many dyads unsupported. While many carers adapted, reporting increases in quality of life and enjoying the extra time with the person with dementia, others experienced dyadic conflict and reductions in quality of life. This variation was associated with dyadic coping styles, including challenges in using ‘positive’ styles and the protective use of ‘negative’ disengaged avoidance in the right situations. Dyadic coping styles also differed as a function of whether the dyad lived together. As many people with dementia are supported by an informal carer, considering how they cope together could help us to better support them. We make suggestions for dyadic interventions tailored by co-residency status that could help dyads identify and communicate coping needs, reconnect following avoidance coping, and replenish their coping resources through social support.
17. Using digital technologies to facilitate social inclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences of co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia from DETERMIND-C19
- Author
-
Hicks, Ben, Gridley, Kate, Dixon, Josie, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Colclough, Carmen, Karim, Anomita, Perach, Rotem, Moseley, Elen, Russell, Alice, Sondh, Harsharon K., Storey, Bryony, Tipping, Eva, Ardle, Riona Mc, Donaghy, Paul, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Waine, Harriet, Wheatley, Katherine, Banerjee, Sube, Hicks, Ben, Gridley, Kate, Dixon, Josie, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Colclough, Carmen, Karim, Anomita, Perach, Rotem, Moseley, Elen, Russell, Alice, Sondh, Harsharon K., Storey, Bryony, Tipping, Eva, Ardle, Riona Mc, Donaghy, Paul, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Waine, Harriet, Wheatley, Katherine, and Banerjee, Sube
- Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered rapid and unprecedented changes in the use of digital technologies to support people's social inclusion. We examined whether and how co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia engaged with digital technologies during this period. Methods: Throughout November 2020-February 2021, we interviewed 42 family carers of people with dementia from our DETERMIND-C19 cohort. Preliminary analysis was conducted through Framework analysis, followed by an inductive thematic analysis. Findings: Digital technologies served as a Facilitator for social inclusion by enabling carers to counter the effects of the differing restrictions imposed on them so they could remain socially connected and form a sense of solidarity, access resources and information, engage in social and cultural activities and provide support and independence in their caring role. However, these experiences were not universal as carers discussed some Challenges for tech inclusion, which included preferences for face-to-face contact, lack of technological literacy and issues associated with the accessibility of the technology. Conclusion: Many of the carers engaged with Information and Communication Technologies, and to a lesser extent Assistive Technologies, during the pandemic. Whilst carers experienced different challenges due to where they lived, broadly the use of these devices helped them realise important facets of social inclusion as well as facilitated the support they provided to the person with dementia. However, to reduce the ‘digital divide’ and support the social inclusion of all dementia carers, our findings suggest it is essential that services are attuned to their preferences, needs and technological abilities.
18. A cohort study of the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of people newly diagnosed with dementia and their family carers
- Author
-
Hicks, Ben, Read, Sanna, Hu, Bo, Wittenberg, Raphael, Grahamslaw, Amanda, Karim, Anomita, Martin, Evelyn, Nuzum, Eleanor, Reichental, Jacob, Russell, Alice, Siddle, Elaine, Storey, Bryony, Tipping, Eva, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Brimblecombe, Nicola, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Gridley, Kate, Harris, Peter R., Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Perach, Rotem, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Stewart, Rob, Thomas, Alan J., Banerjee, Sube, Hicks, Ben, Read, Sanna, Hu, Bo, Wittenberg, Raphael, Grahamslaw, Amanda, Karim, Anomita, Martin, Evelyn, Nuzum, Eleanor, Reichental, Jacob, Russell, Alice, Siddle, Elaine, Storey, Bryony, Tipping, Eva, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Brimblecombe, Nicola, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Gridley, Kate, Harris, Peter R., Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Perach, Rotem, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer, Stewart, Rob, Thomas, Alan J., and Banerjee, Sube
- Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 has impacted people with dementia and their family carers, yet little is known about effects on overall quality of life. Methods: In a UK cohort study, pre- and post-pandemic data were collected from 114 carers and 93 recently diagnosed people with dementia. Latent growth curve modeling examined change in quality of life. Results: Carers reported significant decline in quality of life, although no change was demonstrated by people with dementia. In multivariable analyses, higher levels of cognitive impairment, deprivation, study site, and lower number of memory clinic contacts were associated with greater decline in carer quality of life. Discussion: Maintaining life quality for people with dementia during the pandemic appears to have come at the expense of their family carers. This inequity has fallen hardest on those caring for people with more severe dementia, in deprived areas, and with least support from memory services. These effects may be prevented or reversed by post-diagnostic care.
19. Predictors of loneliness during the Covid-19 pandemic in people with dementia and their carers in England: findings from the DETERMIND-C19 study
- Author
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Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Hicks, Ben, Harris, Peter R., Rusted, Jennifer, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Dixon, Josie, Robinson, Louise, Thomas, Alan, Banerjee, Sube, Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Hicks, Ben, Harris, Peter R., Rusted, Jennifer, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Miles, Eleanor, Dixon, Josie, Robinson, Louise, Thomas, Alan, and Banerjee, Sube
- Abstract
Objectives To identify factors that predict the risk of loneliness for people with dementia and carers during a pandemic. Methods People with dementia and their carers completed assessments before (July 2019–March 2020; 206 dyads) and after (July–October 2020) the first Covid-19 ‘lockdown’ in England. At follow-up, the analytic sample comprised 67 people with dementia and 108 carers. We built a longitudinal path model with loneliness as an observed outcome. Carer type and social contacts at both measurements were considered. Other social resources (quality of relationship, formal day activities), wellbeing (anxiety, psychological wellbeing) and cognitive impairment were measured with initial level and change using latent growth curves. We adjusted for socio-demographic factors and health at baseline. Results In carers, higher levels of loneliness were directly associated with non-spouse coresident carer type, level and increase of anxiety in carer, more formal day activities, and higher cognitive impairment in the person with dementia. In people with dementia, non-spouse coresident carer type, and higher initial levels of social resources, wellbeing, and cognitive impairment predicted the changes in these factors; this produced indirect effects on social contacts and loneliness. Conclusion Loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic appears to be shaped by different mechanisms for people with dementia and their carers. The results suggest that carers of those with dementia may prioritize providing care that protects the person with dementia from loneliness at the cost of experiencing loneliness themselves. Directions for the promotion of adaptive social care during the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond are discussed.
20. DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers (DETERMIND): a protocol paper
- Author
-
Farina, Nicolas, Hicks, ben, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Harris, Peter R., Hu, Bo, Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer M., Stewart, Robert, Thomas, Alan, Wittenberg, Raphael, Bannerjee, Sube, Farina, Nicolas, Hicks, ben, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Harris, Peter R., Hu, Bo, Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Perach, Rotem, Read, Sanna, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer M., Stewart, Robert, Thomas, Alan, Wittenberg, Raphael, and Bannerjee, Sube
- Abstract
Objectives: DETERMIND (DETERMinants of quality of life, care and costs, and consequences of INequalities in people with Dementia and their carers) is designed to address fundamental, and, as yet unanswered, questions about inequalities, outcomes and costs following diagnosis with dementia. These answers are needed to improve the quality of care and equity of access to care, and therefore the quality of life, of people with dementia and their carers. Method: DETERMIND is a programme of research consisting of seven complementary workstreams (WS) exploring various components that may result in unequal dementia care: WS1: Recruitment and follow-up of the DETERMIND cohort - 900 people with dementia and their carers from three geographically and socially diverse sites within six months following diagnosis, and follow them up for three years. WS2: Investigation of the extent of inequalities in access to dementia care WS3: Relationship between use and costs of services and outcomes WS4: Experiences of self-funders of care WS5: Decision-making processes for people with dementia and carers WS6: Effect of diagnostic stage and services on outcomes WS7: Theory of Change informed strategy and actions for applying the research findings Outcomes: During the life of the programme, analysing baseline results and then follow-up of the DETERMIND cohort over 3 years, we will establish evidence on current services and practice. DETERMIND will deliver novel, detailed data on inequalities in dementia care and what drives positive and negative outcomes and costs for people with dementia and carers, and identify factors that help or hinder living well with dementia.
21. Dementia and day care – supporting the partnership of care
- Author
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Dangoor, Margaret and Dangoor, Margaret
- Abstract
As Research Involvement Manager for the MODEM project in the Personal Social Services Research Unit (PSSRU) at LSE I am responsible for ensuring that people with dementia, their carers and the wider community are involved with MODEM, ‘modelling outcome and cost impacts of interventions for dementia’, at all stages of the 4 year project. I chair the reference group of users, carers and professionals who work at the front line of dementia care.
22. Margaret Dangoor on her involvement in PSSRU’s MODEM project
- Author
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Dangoor, Margaret and Dangoor, Margaret
- Abstract
Margaret Dangoor joined the Personal Social Services Research Unit at LSE earlier in the year as Research Involvement Manager for a major new study on the costs and outcomes of dementia (MODEM). Here she talks about the MODEM project, how she came to be involved and her role, as well as her experiences as a carer.
23. Unpaid carers of people with dementia and information communication technology: use, impact and ideas for the future
- Author
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Damant, Jacqueline, Freddolino, Paul, Dangoor, Margaret, Hu, Bo, King, Derek, Wittenberg, Raphael, Damant, Jacqueline, Freddolino, Paul, Dangoor, Margaret, Hu, Bo, King, Derek, and Wittenberg, Raphael
- Abstract
Objectives Several 100,000s of people living with dementia in the UK are cared for at home by a spouse or relative. Few studies have considered the ICT needs and experiences of unpaid carers. This study explores the types of ICT unpaid carers use, the ways they use ICT, the impact of ICT-use, and their ideas for how ICT could be more supportive of their role as a carer. Methods Six focus groups with 32 unpaid carers of people living with dementia discussed their experiences of – and barriers to – using ICT. Transcripts were analysed thematically according to three types of ICT (mainstream, accessible and formal) and five functions (supporting domestic tasks, care management, monitoring, communication and information and education). Results Participants predominantly used mainstream ICT devices such as laptops and smartphones and internet-enabled applications including videoconferencing and social media platforms to support their daily activities and assist them in their caring role. A few participants discussed using accessible devices such as memory clocks and formal telecare and care-phone services for care management and monitoring functions. Participants’ ideas for improvements centred on personalised communication applications that facilitate remote interactions and promote persons living with dementia’s independence. Others expressed concerns about the growing need to use ICT to access formal care services and the inadequacy of the ICT infrastructure in some care homes. Conclusions Unpaid carers mostly turn to readily available mainstream ICT to support their personal and care activities. Further research is required to understand the social impact of the increasing reliance of ICT across health, social and residential care service sectors. Improved cooperation between unpaid carers, technology developers and care services providers could align ICT development to the needs and experiences of families living with dementia and assist unpaid carers with identifyi
24. Unpaid carers of people with dementia and ICT: use, impact and ideas for the future
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Damant, Jacqueline, Freddolino, P., Dangoor, Margaret, Hu, Bo, King, Derek, Wittenberg, Raphael, Damant, Jacqueline, Freddolino, P., Dangoor, Margaret, Hu, Bo, King, Derek, and Wittenberg, Raphael
- Abstract
Objectives: Several 100,000s of people living with dementia in the UK are cared for at home by a spouse or relative. Few studies have considered the ICT needs and experiences of unpaid carers. This study explores the types of ICT unpaid carers use, the ways they use ICT, the impact of ICT-use, and their ideas for how ICT could be more supportive of their role as a carer. Methods: Six focus groups with 32 unpaid carers of people living with dementia discussed their experiences of – and barriers to – using ICT. Transcripts were analysed thematically according to three types of ICT (mainstream, accessible and formal) and five functions (supporting domestic tasks, care management, monitoring, communication and information and education). Results: Participants predominantly used mainstream ICT devices such as laptops and smartphones and internet-enabled applications including videoconferencing and social media platforms to support their daily activities and assist them in their caring role. A few participants discussed using accessible devices such as memory clocks and formal telecare and care-phone services for care management and monitoring functions. Participants’ ideas for improvements centred on personalised communication applications that facilitate remote interactions and promote persons living with dementia’s independence. Others expressed concerns about the growing need to use ICT to access formal care services and the inadequacy of the ICT infrastructure in some care homes. Conclusions: Unpaid carers mostly turn to readily available mainstream ICT to support their personal and care activities. Further research is required to understand the social impact of the increasing reliance of ICT across health, social and residential care service sectors. Improved cooperation between unpaid carers, technology developers and care services providers could align ICT development to the needs and experiences of families living with dementia and assist unpaid carers with ident
25. Long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of people with dementia and their family carers
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Read, Sanna, Hicks, Ben, Budden, Emily, Douglass, Jacob, Grahamslaw, Amanda, Herrero, Elena, Joseph, Gregory, Kirkup, Christine, Pusey, Martha, Russell, Alice, Sondh, Harsharon K., Sondh, Sharon, Storey, Bryony, Towson, Georgia, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Colclough, Carmen, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Donaghy, Paul, Gridley, Kate, Harris, Peter R., Hu, Bo, King, Derek, Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Mueller, Christoph, Perach, Rotem, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer M., Thomas, Alan J., Wittenberg, Raphael, Banerjee, Sube, Read, Sanna, Hicks, Ben, Budden, Emily, Douglass, Jacob, Grahamslaw, Amanda, Herrero, Elena, Joseph, Gregory, Kirkup, Christine, Pusey, Martha, Russell, Alice, Sondh, Harsharon K., Sondh, Sharon, Storey, Bryony, Towson, Georgia, Baxter, Kate, Birks, Yvonne, Brayne, Carol, Colclough, Carmen, Dangoor, Margaret, Dixon, Josie, Donaghy, Paul, Gridley, Kate, Harris, Peter R., Hu, Bo, King, Derek, Knapp, Martin, Miles, Eleanor, Mueller, Christoph, Perach, Rotem, Robinson, Louise, Rusted, Jennifer M., Thomas, Alan J., Wittenberg, Raphael, and Banerjee, Sube
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Few studies have longitudinally mapped quality of life (QoL) trajectories of newly diagnosed people with dementia and their carers, particularly during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: In a UK cohort study, 261 newly diagnosed people with dementia and 206 family carers were assessed prior to the pandemic (July 2019-March 2020), followed up after the first lockdown (July-October 2020) and then again a year and 2 years later. Latent growth curve modelling examined the level and change of QoL over the four time-points using dementia-specific QoL measures (DEMQOL and C-DEMQOL). RESULTS: Despite variations in individual change scores, our results suggest that generally people with dementia maintained their QoL during the pandemic and experienced some increase towards the end of the period. This contrasted with carers who reported a general deterioration in their QoL over the same period. 'Confidence in future' and 'Feeling supported' were the only carer QoL subscales to show some recovery post-pandemic. DISCUSSION: It is positive that even during a period of global disruption, decline in QoL is not inevitable following the onset of dementia. However, it is of concern that carer QoL declined during this same period even after COVID-19 restrictions had been lifted. Carers play an invaluable role in the lives of people with dementia and wider society, and our findings suggest that, post-pandemic, they may require greater support to maintain their QoL.
26. Antibiotic resistance : don't blame patients
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Glover, Rebecca E, Dangoor, Margaret, and Mays, Nicholas
27. Emotion-focused dyadic coping styles used by family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Colclough C, Miles E, Rusted J, Perach R, Hicks B, Dixon J, Dangoor M, Gridley K, Birks Y, Donaghy P, Mcardle R, Moseley E, Sondh HK, and Banerjee S
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- Humans, Caregivers psychology, Pandemics, Quality of Life psychology, Communicable Disease Control, Emotions, Adaptation, Psychological, Dementia psychology, COVID-19
- Abstract
Emotional wellbeing of family carers and people with dementia is associated with not only how each individual copes with stress and conflict, but also by how they cope together. Finding ways to positively cope together was particularly important during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, when other avenues of emotional support were less available. We explored how carers experienced and used emotion-focused dyadic coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted during the pandemic with 42 family carers, supplemented by quality of life scores collected both pre- and during the pandemic and household status. Abductive thematic analysis identified five styles of emotion-focused dyadic coping: common, supportive, hostile, disengaged avoidance and protective. The COVID-19 pandemic left many dyads unsupported. While many carers adapted, reporting increases in quality of life and enjoying the extra time with the person with dementia, others experienced dyadic conflict and reductions in quality of life. This variation was associated with dyadic coping styles, including challenges in using 'positive' styles and the protective use of 'negative' disengaged avoidance in the right situations. Dyadic coping styles also differed as a function of whether the dyad lived together. As many people with dementia are supported by an informal carer, considering how they cope together could help us to better support them. We make suggestions for dyadic interventions tailored by co-residency status that could help dyads identify and communicate coping needs, reconnect following avoidance coping, and replenish their coping resources through social support.
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- 2023
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28. Predictors of loneliness during the Covid-19 pandemic in people with dementia and their carers in England: findings from the DETERMIND-C19 study.
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Perach R, Read S, Hicks B, Harris PR, Rusted J, Brayne C, Dangoor M, Miles E, Dixon J, Robinson L, Thomas A, and Banerjee S
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- Humans, Caregivers psychology, Pandemics, Loneliness, England epidemiology, Dementia epidemiology, Dementia psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology
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Objectives: To identify factors that predict the risk of loneliness for people with dementia and carers during a pandemic., Methods: People with dementia and their carers completed assessments before (July 2019-March 2020; 206 dyads) and after (July-October 2020) the first Covid-19 'lockdown' in England. At follow-up, the analytic sample comprised 67 people with dementia and 108 carers. We built a longitudinal path model with loneliness as an observed outcome. Carer type and social contacts at both measurements were considered. Other social resources (quality of relationship, formal day activities), wellbeing (anxiety, psychological wellbeing) and cognitive impairment were measured with initial level and change using latent growth curves. We adjusted for socio-demographic factors and health at baseline., Results: In carers, higher levels of loneliness were directly associated with non-spouse coresident carer type, level and increase of anxiety in carer, more formal day activities, and higher cognitive impairment in the person with dementia. In people with dementia, non-spouse coresident carer type, and higher initial levels of social resources, wellbeing, and cognitive impairment predicted the changes in these factors; this produced indirect effects on social contacts and loneliness., Conclusion: Loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic appears to be shaped by different mechanisms for people with dementia and their carers. The results suggest that carers of those with dementia may prioritize providing care that protects the person with dementia from loneliness at the cost of experiencing loneliness themselves. Directions for the promotion of adaptive social care during the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond are discussed.
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- 2023
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29. Using digital technologies to facilitate social inclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences of co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia from DETERMIND-C19.
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Hicks B, Gridley K, Dixon J, Baxter K, Birks Y, Colclough C, Karim A, Perach R, Moseley E, Russell A, Sondh HK, Storey B, Tipping E, Ardle RM, Donaghy P, Dangoor M, Miles E, Robinson L, Rusted J, Waine H, Wheatley K, and Banerjee S
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- Humans, Caregivers, Pandemics, Digital Technology, Social Inclusion, COVID-19, Dementia
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered rapid and unprecedented changes in the use of digital technologies to support people's social inclusion. We examined whether and how co-resident and non-co-resident family carers of people with dementia engaged with digital technologies during this period., Methods: Throughout November 2020-February 2021, we interviewed 42 family carers of people with dementia from our DETERMIND-C19 cohort. Preliminary analysis was conducted through Framework analysis, followed by an inductive thematic analysis., Findings: Digital technologies served as a Facilitator for social inclusion by enabling carers to counter the effects of the differing restrictions imposed on them so they could remain socially connected and form a sense of solidarity, access resources and information, engage in social and cultural activities and provide support and independence in their caring role. However, these experiences were not universal as carers discussed some Challenges for tech inclusion, which included preferences for face-to-face contact, lack of technological literacy and issues associated with the accessibility of the technology., Conclusion: Many of the carers engaged with Information and Communication Technologies, and to a lesser extent Assistive Technologies, during the pandemic. Whilst carers experienced different challenges due to where they lived, broadly the use of these devices helped them realise important facets of social inclusion as well as facilitated the support they provided to the person with dementia. However, to reduce the 'digital divide' and support the social inclusion of all dementia carers, our findings suggest it is essential that services are attuned to their preferences, needs and technological abilities., (© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2023
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30. A cohort study of the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of people newly diagnosed with dementia and their family carers.
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Hicks B, Read S, Hu B, Wittenberg R, Grahamslaw A, Karim A, Martin E, Nuzum E, Reichental J, Russell A, Siddle E, Storey B, Tipping E, Baxter K, Birks Y, Brayne C, Brimblecombe N, Dangoor M, Dixon J, Gridley K, Harris PR, Knapp M, Miles E, Perach R, Robinson L, Rusted J, Stewart R, Thomas AJ, and Banerjee S
- Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 has impacted people with dementia and their family carers, yet little is known about effects on overall quality of life., Methods: In a UK cohort study, pre- and post-pandemic data were collected from 114 carers and 93 recently diagnosed people with dementia. Latent growth curve modeling examined change in quality of life., Results: Carers reported significant decline in quality of life, although no change was demonstrated by people with dementia. In multivariable analyses, higher levels of cognitive impairment, deprivation, study site, and lower number of memory clinic contacts were associated with greater decline in carer quality of life., Discussion: Maintaining life quality for people with dementia during the pandemic appears to have come at the expense of their family carers. This inequity has fallen hardest on those caring for people with more severe dementia, in deprived areas, and with least support from memory services. These effects may be prevented or reversed by post-diagnostic care., Competing Interests: This project was supported by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) by a research grant which supported the salaries of the research workers employed on this project (AG, AK, EM, EN, JR, AR, ES, BS) and travel expenses. The project used data from the DETERMIND project funded by UKRI/ESRC and the National Institute of Health and Social Research (NIHR) that supported the participation of all authors. Both grants were paid to institutions, not personally. The following are in addition to the above and are outside the submitted work. SB reports ESRC, UKRI, and NIHR institutional grant funding and personal fees and non‐financial support from medicolegal reports, Lilly, personal fees from Axovant, personal fees from Lundbeck, personal fees from Nutricia, and honoraria from the Hamad Medical Service and for lectures and talks. He is a Trustee of the Alzheimer's Society, Editor in Chief of the International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (personal honorarium) and a Non‐Executive Director of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. BH reports European Union (EU) ERASMAS institutional grant funding. SR reports payment from Trinity College Dublin to her institution to attend meetings. RW reports institutional grant funding ESRC, UKRI, NIHR and its Schools for Social Care Research (SSCR) and Primary Care Research (SPCR), UKSPINE, MSD, Alzheimer's Society, Greek Government, and the EU; the Brookdale Institute funded travel and expenses for attending an international advisory board meeting. EN reports employment by the NHS as a researcher. KB reports institutional research grants including salary funding from NIHR SSCR, NIHR RfPB, NIHR HS&RD, and ESRC. She reports several leadership and advisory roles in dementia and social care organizations, all of which are unpaid. EB has institutional grant funding from NIHR SSCR, NIHR, ESRC, and Abbeyfields; she holds non‐paid advisory roles and is the NIHR SSCR Deputy Director, which pays part of her salary to the University of York, her employer. CB reports institutionally paid grants from: Alzheimer's Society, Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, ESRC, NIHR ARC, EU, Canadian Institute of Health Research, Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK), NIHR, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health, Innovative Medicines Initiative (EPAD) Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking, MRC, AHRC‐UKRI GCRF, the Gillings Family Foundation, and NIHR HTA. She has received institutional and personal reimbursement for travel/accommodation/subsistence expenses to attend meetings/conferences as speaker. She is a member of: NIA HRS Data Monitoring Committee with honoraria paid to employing institution (University of Cambridge) and travel and subsistence expenses reimbursed; AXA Research Fund Scientific Board (honoraria paid to employer); DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Fellowship Selection Committee (honoraria paid to self, travel & subsistence expenses reimbursed), Chair of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Scientific Advisory Board (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Co‐Chair of the Alzheimer's Society Research Strategy Council (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Chair of the BRAIN & HEADING International Oversight Committee (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); member of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA) Scientific Advisory Board Travel (subsistence expenses reimbursed); CUHK Project Advisory Board; University of Sheffield Health Lifespan Institute Advisory Board; ATHLOS Advisory Board (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Barcelona Brain Health Initiative Scientific Advisory Board (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); DZNE International Scientific Review Panel (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Scientific Advisory Board for UKPRP Air pollution and cognitive health consortium; and InSPIRE. She is: Chair, Faculty of Public Health Academic & Research Committee (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Trustee, Faculty of Public Health Board (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Chair Royal College of Physicians Advisory Group on Health Inequalities (travel/subsistence expenses reimbursed); Chair, Public Health England—University of Cambridge Academic Liaison Committee meeting; and Co‐Chair, East of England Public Health England Research and Evaluation Hub. NB reports institutional grants from NIHR HS&DR and NIHR SSCR. She receives royalties from Routledge from revenue of publications by Melanie Klein paid personally. MD has the following unpaid positions: Carers UK (Charity Trustee); The Centre for Ageing Better (Charity Trustee); Crossroads Care Richmond & Kingston (Charity Trustee); The Friends of Queen Mary's Hospital Roehampton (Charity Trustee). JD reports support from ESRC, NIHR, and UKRI; and has grants paid institutionally from the Alzheimer's Society and NIHR. KG has institutionally paid grant support from HIHR SSCR. MK has grants paid institutionally from: ARUK, Alzheimer's Society, Australian Research Council, ESRC, Health Foundation, Medical Research Council (MRC); NIHR, NIHR SSCR, Department of Health and Social Care for England (DHSC), NIHR RfPB, Open Society Foundation, UKRI, ESRC and RCN Foundation. He receives a salary from the London School of Economics and has received payment for teaching from the University of Hong Kong and the Civil Service College Singapore. RP reports support paid institutional support to attend conferences from ESRC/NIHR. RS reports institutional research funds from Janssen, a supported PhD studentship from Takeda, for supervision of a GSK employee's PhD. He has received personal royalties from Oxford University Press for two co‐edited textbooks. AT reports institutional grants from: Alzheimer's Society, and ARUKI. BHu, AG, AK, EM, EN, JR, AR, ES, BS, PH, EM, RP, LR, and JR make no other disclosures., (© 2022 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)
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- 2022
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31. Antibiotic resistance: don't blame patients.
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Glover RE, Dangoor M, and Mays N
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- 2019
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