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2. Simplifying plant gene silencing and genome editing logistics by a one-Agrobacterium system for simultaneous delivery of multipartite virus vectors

Author

Pasin F, Daròs J, Aragonés, and Aliaga F

Subjects
Multipartite, Genome editing, biology, Agrobacterium, Gene silencing, Computational biology, biology.organism_classification, Virus
Abstract

Genome editing and gene expression engineering using CRISPR-Cas systems in plants usually rely on labor-intensive tissue culture approaches to generate stably transformed plants that express the components of the reaction. Viral vectors have demonstrated to be a quick and effective alternative to express multiple guide RNAs, DNA templates for homologous recombination, and even Cas nucleases. Here we have developed an improved vector system based on tobacco rattle virus (TRV) to simplify logistics in genome editing and gene silencing approaches. The new system consists in a single Agrobacterium tumefaciens clone co-transformed with two compatible mini binary vectors from which TRV RNA1 and an engineered version of TRV RNA2 are expressed. Sequences of recombinant proteins, gene fragments for virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) or guide RNAs can be easily inserted by one-step digestion-ligation and homology-based cloning methods in the RNA2 plasmid to produce vectors with a size substantially smaller than usual. Using this new one-Agrobacterium TRV mini vector system, we show robust VIGS of an endogenous host gene after infiltration of bacterial suspensions at low optical densities, and efficient production of recombinant proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana. Most importantly, we also show highly efficient heritable genome editing in more than half of the seedling originating from inoculated N. benthamiana plants that express Cas9.

Published
2021
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5. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11–16,1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem, Israel Part 2 Plenary Lectures

Author

Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B. L., Ding, S. W., Li, W. X., Shi, B. J., Symons, R. H., Li, Q., Ryu, K. H., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I. B., Palukaitis, P., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J. E., Porta, C., Taylor, K. M., Spall, V. E., Lomonossoff, G. P., Spall, V. E., Porta, C., Lomonossoff, G. P., Gal-On, A., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J. F., Deiman, B. A. L. M., Koenen, A. K., Pleij, C. W. A., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M. F., Dale, J. L., Badge, J. L., Foster, G. D., Brunt, A. A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I. G., AbouHaidar, M. G., Rodoni, B. C., Harding, R. M., Bateson, M. F., Dale, J. L., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Schubert, J., Yang, S. J., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin D., Carrington, James C., Chiang, A. N., Turner, N. E., Hwang, D. J., Chachulska, A. M., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M. A., Christensen, F. E., Prody, G. A., Sanchez-Navarro, J. A., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Foster, G. D., Badge, J. L., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Brunt, A. A., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A. R., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J. J. L., Van Grinsven, M. Q. J. M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T. B., Taylor, S. C., Stratford, R., Foster, G. D., Xiao, X. W., Frenkel, M. J., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D. D., Ward, C. W., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Taylor, S. C., Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S. A., Twell, D., Foster, G. D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J. C., Dunez, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y. P., Powell, C. A., Purcifull, D. E., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David C., van Oers, Monique M., Linthorst, Huub J. M., Bol, John F., Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger N., Cassidy, Brandt G., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M. R., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M. A., Hafner, G. J., May, G. D., Becker, D. K., Harding, R. M., Arntzen, C. J., Dale, J. L., Taylor, S. C., Porter, J., Foster, G. D., Palukaitis, P., Hellwald, K. H., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Gal-On, A., Wolf, D., Faure, J. E., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W. K., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y. -M., Ursin, V. M., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R. L., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja Barlič, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Zaitlin, M., Kaniewski, W. K., Lawson, E. C., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Saarma, M., Kuittinen, T., Valkonen, J., Atiri, G. I., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M. J., Martínez-Zapater, J. M., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M. T., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David M., Quemada, Hector D., Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A. E., Thouvenel, J. -C., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh., Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M. I., Davies, J. W., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C. A., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R. N., Fauquet, C. M., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M. M., Dale, J. L., Smith, G. R., Harding, R. M., Handley, J. A., Harding, R. M., Smith, G. R., Dale, J. L., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T. J., Wylie, S., Jones, M. G. K., Somsap, V., Loo, H. P., Li, D., Mathews, A., Jones, M. G. K., Dwyer, G. I., Jones, M. G. K., McCarthy, P. L., Hansen, J., Shiel, P. J., Zemetra, R. S., Wyatt, S. D., Berger, P. H., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Symons, R. H., Aboul-Ata, A. E., Makkouk, K. M., El-Saied, M. A., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N. H., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G. P., Bishnoi, S. S., Sangwan, R. B., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Ravelonandro, M., Scorza, R., Bachelier, J., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Dunez, J., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Prins, Marcel, Kormelink, Richard, Goldbach, Rob, Baulcombe, D. C., English, J. J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Truve, E., Nigul, L., Saarma, M., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O. N., Denisenko, O. N., Zelenina, D. A., Morozov, S. Yu., Atabekov, J. G., Laliberté, J. -F., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc G., Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M. J., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M. J., Palukaitis, P., Gellatly, D. L., AbouHaidar, M. G., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W. A., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., Robinson, D., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J. A., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M. V., Bishop, D. H. L., and Roy, P.

Published
1997
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6. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1–6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J. E., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy J., Obligado, A., Rossetto, C. J., Ribeiro, I. J. A., Gallo, P. B., Soares, N. B., Sabino, J. C., Martins, A. L. M., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R. C., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M. J., Johnson, G. I., Joyce, D. C., Irwin, J. A. G., Saaiman, W. C., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L. M., Cooke, A. W., Dean, J. R., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M. C. C., Bautista, M. L., Artes, L. A., Bacalangco, N. S., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D. P., Masalkar, S. D., Gaikwad, R. S., Damame, S. V., Bally, Ian S. E., O’Hare, Tim J., Holmes, Rowland J., Atabekov, J. G., Fauquet, Claude M., Tomori, O., Nuss, D. L., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B. D., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J. F., van Rossum, C. M. A., Garcia, M. L., van der Vossen, E. A. G., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Canto, T. R., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M. J., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria A., Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter D., Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef J., Proll, D. F., Guyatt, K. J., Davidson, A. D., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C. M., Thomson, M., Roland, K. E., Dawson, W. O., Bao, Y., Carter, S. A., Nelson, R. S., Derrick, P. M., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J. K., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri G., Malkin, Alexander J., Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K. I., Dorokhov, Y. L., Kim, C. H., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A. I., Serra, M. T., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Covey, S. N., Richert-Pöggeler, K. R., Shepherd, R. J., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E. K., El Afifi, Soheir I., Abo El Nasr, M. A., Abd El Ghaffar, M. H., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K. E., Hampton, R. O., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S. S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M. Y. D., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob W., van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K. M., Spall, V. E., Lomonossoff, G. P., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A. G., Zelenina, D. A., Savenkov, E. I., Grdzelishvili, V. Z., Morozov, S. Y., Jansen, K. A. J., Wolfs, C. J. A. M., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B. J. M., Stein-Margolina, V. A., Hsu, Y. H., Chang, B. Y., Lin, N. S., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David C., English, David J., Müller, E., Baulcombe, D. C., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J. P. T., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y. C., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W. P., Moyer, J. W., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G. A., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M. R., Ding, X. S., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour G., Dugdale, B., Beetham, P. R., Harding, R. M., Dale, J. L., Qiu, G., Shaw, J. G., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J. M., Sánchez-Pina, M. A., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J. J., Barón, M., Owens, R. A., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R. W., Riesner, D., Schröder, A. R. W., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H. L., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H. J., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J. M., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R. G., Webb, D. R., Symons, R. H., El-Dougdoug, K. A., Abo-Zeid, A. A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J. C. C., Flores, R., d’Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J. A., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., Dale, J., d’Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Bateson, M. F., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A. J., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H. G., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M. T., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G. G. F., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn S., Gambley, Cherie F., Smith, Grant R., Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N. A., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M. J., Blaine, L. D., Naik, P. S., Sonone, A. B., Kolaskar, A. S., Sgro, J. Y., Palmenberg, A. C., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J. J., Alonso, J. L., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T. T., Gachechiladze, K. K., Adamia, R. S., Balardshishvili, N. S., Chanishvili, T. G., Krüger, D. H., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos A., RodrCarlos, C. M., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin W., Scott, S. W., Shiel, P. J., Berger, P. H., Aleman, M. E., Beachy, R. N., Fauquet, C. M., Salm, S. N., Rybicki, E. P., Rey, M. E. C., Briddon, R. W., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A. A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian M., Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G. P., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M. R., Johnson, A. J., Takida, S., Thompson, M. C., Omer, H. M. K., Omer, O. L. M., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R. H., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K. L., Abou Haidar, M. G., and Meng, A. X. X.

Published
1997
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7. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1-6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., and Meng, A.

Published
2018

8. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11-16,1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem, Israel Part 2 Plenary Lectures

Author

Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J., Van Grinsven, M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T., Taylor, S., Stratford, R., Xiao, X., Frenkel, M., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D., Ward, C., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S., Twell, D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y., Powell, C., Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David, van Oers, Monique, Linthorst, Huub, Bol, John, Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger, Cassidy, Brandt, Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M., Hafner, G., May, G., Becker, D., Arntzen, C., Porter, J., Hellwald, K., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Wolf, D., Faure, J., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y., Ursin, V., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Lawson, E., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Kuittinen, T., Atiri, G., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M., Martínez-Zapater, J., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David, Quemada, Hector, Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A., Thouvenel, J., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh, Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M., Davies, J., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M., Smith, G., Handley, J., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T., Wylie, S., Jones, M., Somsap, V., Loo, H., Li, D., Mathews, A., Dwyer, G., McCarthy, P., Hansen, J., Shiel, P., Zemetra, R., Wyatt, S., Berger, P., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Makkouk, K., El-Saied, M., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G., Bishnoi, S., Sangwan, R., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Scorza, R., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Kormelink, Richard, Baulcombe, D., English, J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Nigul, L., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O., Denisenko, O., Zelenina, D., Morozov, S., Atabekov, J., Laliberté, J., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc, Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M., Gellatly, D., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M., Bishop, D., Roy, P., Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J., Van Grinsven, M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T., Taylor, S., Stratford, R., Xiao, X., Frenkel, M., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D., Ward, C., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S., Twell, D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y., Powell, C., Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David, van Oers, Monique, Linthorst, Huub, Bol, John, Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger, Cassidy, Brandt, Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M., Hafner, G., May, G., Becker, D., Arntzen, C., Porter, J., Hellwald, K., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Wolf, D., Faure, J., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y., Ursin, V., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Lawson, E., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Kuittinen, T., Atiri, G., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M., Martínez-Zapater, J., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David, Quemada, Hector, Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A., Thouvenel, J., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh, Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M., Davies, J., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M., Smith, G., Handley, J., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T., Wylie, S., Jones, M., Somsap, V., Loo, H., Li, D., Mathews, A., Dwyer, G., McCarthy, P., Hansen, J., Shiel, P., Zemetra, R., Wyatt, S., Berger, P., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Makkouk, K., El-Saied, M., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G., Bishnoi, S., Sangwan, R., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Scorza, R., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Kormelink, Richard, Baulcombe, D., English, J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Nigul, L., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O., Denisenko, O., Zelenina, D., Morozov, S., Atabekov, J., Laliberté, J., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc, Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M., Gellatly, D., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M., Bishop, D., and Roy, P.

Published
2018

9. An infectious cDNA clone of a radish-infecting Turnip mosaic virus strain

Author

López-González, Silvia [0000-0001-7324-0310], López-González, Silvia, Aragonés, V., Daròs, J. A., Sánchez, Flora, Ponz Ascaso, Fernando, López-González, Silvia [0000-0001-7324-0310], López-González, Silvia, Aragonés, V., Daròs, J. A., Sánchez, Flora, and Ponz Ascaso, Fernando

Abstract

Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) is an economically important potyvirus for which hundreds of hosts have been reported, thus making it a rather exceptional case in the genus. Several viral infectious clones have been generated over the years, which have been useful in deciphering the viral elements involved in the interactions of this virus with the host plant, such as different forms of resistance, gene silencing suppression, host range or host developmental alterations. However, all infectious clones obtained so far correspond to viral isolates within the same phylogenetic cluster, a circumstance biasing our understanding of the peculiarities of this potyvirus. In particular, members of one viral cluster of radish-infecting isolates have been especially reluctant to be copied into infectious clones. This paper reports the construction of an infectious clone of the TuMV isolate JPN 1, belonging to this cluster. The infectious clone maintains all the distinctive biological properties previously described for this viral isolate. The availability of this infectious clone opens the door to many additional studies on the virus, which should allow a deeper understanding of the differential responses to different strains of TuMV in several different hosts. © 2016, Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging.

Published
2017

14. CHRYSANTHEMUM STUNT VIROID IN BRAZIL: SURVEY, IDENTIFICATION, BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND DETECTION METHODS.

Author

Gobatto, D., Chaves, A. L. R., Harakava, R., Marque, J. M., Daròs, J. A., and Eiras, M.

Subjects
CHRYSANTHEMUM diseases & pests, VIROIDS, PLANT diseases, DIAGNOSIS of plant diseases, OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
Abstract

In Brazil, the ornamental flowers and plants market moves in the wholesale and retail more than two billion US dollars annually, and chrysanthemum stands out as one of the most valuable commercial species. The stunting disease induced by Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) has become a serious problem in chrysanthemum production systems worldwide. CSVd incites also colour breaking and retards flowering, but in many situations it does not induce visible symptoms, facilitating its spread in the field and passing international borders unnoticed. In Brazil there are few studies on this pathogen, with a single report of its possible occurrence in chrysanthemum in the State of São Paulo. In this work we aimed at surveying, identifying and characterizyng viroids in chrysanthemum crops in the State of São Paulo; challenging chrysanthemum varieties with a Brazilian CSVd isolate; and establishing diagnostic strategies to strengthen quarantine and indexing programs. Our survey showed that CSVd is widely disseminated in chrysanthemum crops in the State of São Paulo. All evaluated chrysanthemum varieties were susceptible of infection, although infection was sometimes symptomless. The complete genome sequencing of seven CSVd isolates showed high nucleotide identity when compared with other isolates from databases. Specific oligonucleotides were designed for conventional RT-PCR and RT-qPCR CSVd analysis. Results show that CSVd can be identified with a sensitivity about 100,000 times higher than PAGE. Dotblot proved also to be highly sensitive and, consequently, most useful for large scale diagnosis. This is the first biological and molecular identification and characterization of CSVd isolates in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

18. BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE RHIZOSPHERE OF MANGANESE-DEFICIENT DATE PALMS AFFECTED BY BRITTLE LEAF DISEASE.

Author

Marqués, J., Duran-Vila, N., Namsi, A., Bové, J. M., and Daròs, J. A.

Subjects
BRITTLEBUSH, LEAF diseases & pests, DATE palm, MANGANESE
Abstract

Brittle leaf disease or "Maladie des feuilles cassantes" (MFC) is a disorder affecting date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) orchards in oases of southern Tunisia. No causal pathogen has yet been identified, despite search for nematodes, fungi, bacteria, viruses and viroids. Although the soils of the oases in which affected palms grow have similar contents of total and exchangeable manganese (Mn) compared with oases with no disease, the leaflets of affected palms are deficient in this element. Here, we characterized the bacterial flora in the rhizosphere of three MFC-affected date palms and three non-affected controls. Our results show a high bacterial diversity in the date palm rhizosphere. From 201 clones corresponding to a 16S rDNA PCR fragment, we identified 177 different bacterial phylotypes. Some of them corresponded potentially to Mn-oxidizing bacteria that may be involved in soil Mn oxidation and, consequently, deplete this micronutrient in MFC-affected date palms. More detailed studies are necessary to establish the exact role of these bacteria in the disease syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

19. Characterization of multiple circular RNAs derived from a plant viroid-like RNA by sequence deletions and duplications

Author

Daròs, J. A. and Ricardo Flores

Subjects
DNA, Complementary, Base Sequence, Transcription, Genetic, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Circular, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Viroids, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA, RNA, Catalytic, Cloning, Molecular, Research Article, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Deletion
Abstract

Northern blot hybridizations with a probe complementary to a 275-nt circular RNA isolated from carnation plants revealed that this RNA co-exists in vivo with minor amounts of other small circular RNAs. Sequencing of cDNA clones of nine RNA species demonstrated deletions and duplications of the predominant 275-nt RNA. Minor sequence heterogeneities were observed at the crossover sites. Deletions mapped to three arms of the cruciform structure of lowest free energy obtained previously for the parental 275-nt RNA, whereas repeats encompassed mostly regions of the arm where deletions were not found. Some of the deleted and duplicated regions corresponded to sequences forming part of the two hammerhead structures involved in the in vitro self-cleavage of the plus and minus strands of the 275-nt RNA. A copy choice model is proposed for the emergence of deletions and duplications, where the RNA polymerase with the nascent strand dissociates from the template at regions rich in secondary and possibly tertiary structures, and reinitiates synthesis at different upstream and downstream positions.

20. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1-6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., Meng, A., Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., and Meng, A.

21. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11-16,1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem, Israel Part 2 Plenary Lectures

Author

Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J., Van Grinsven, M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T., Taylor, S., Stratford, R., Xiao, X., Frenkel, M., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D., Ward, C., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S., Twell, D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y., Powell, C., Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David, van Oers, Monique, Linthorst, Huub, Bol, John, Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger, Cassidy, Brandt, Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M., Hafner, G., May, G., Becker, D., Arntzen, C., Porter, J., Hellwald, K., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Wolf, D., Faure, J., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y., Ursin, V., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Lawson, E., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Kuittinen, T., Atiri, G., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M., Martínez-Zapater, J., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David, Quemada, Hector, Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A., Thouvenel, J., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh, Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M., Davies, J., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M., Smith, G., Handley, J., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T., Wylie, S., Jones, M., Somsap, V., Loo, H., Li, D., Mathews, A., Dwyer, G., McCarthy, P., Hansen, J., Shiel, P., Zemetra, R., Wyatt, S., Berger, P., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Makkouk, K., El-Saied, M., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G., Bishnoi, S., Sangwan, R., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Scorza, R., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Kormelink, Richard, Baulcombe, D., English, J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Nigul, L., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O., Denisenko, O., Zelenina, D., Morozov, S., Atabekov, J., Laliberté, J., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc, Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M., Gellatly, D., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M., Bishop, D., Roy, P., Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J., Van Grinsven, M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T., Taylor, S., Stratford, R., Xiao, X., Frenkel, M., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D., Ward, C., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S., Twell, D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y., Powell, C., Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David, van Oers, Monique, Linthorst, Huub, Bol, John, Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger, Cassidy, Brandt, Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M., Hafner, G., May, G., Becker, D., Arntzen, C., Porter, J., Hellwald, K., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Wolf, D., Faure, J., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y., Ursin, V., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Lawson, E., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Kuittinen, T., Atiri, G., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M., Martínez-Zapater, J., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David, Quemada, Hector, Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A., Thouvenel, J., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh, Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M., Davies, J., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M., Smith, G., Handley, J., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T., Wylie, S., Jones, M., Somsap, V., Loo, H., Li, D., Mathews, A., Dwyer, G., McCarthy, P., Hansen, J., Shiel, P., Zemetra, R., Wyatt, S., Berger, P., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Makkouk, K., El-Saied, M., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G., Bishnoi, S., Sangwan, R., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Scorza, R., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Kormelink, Richard, Baulcombe, D., English, J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Nigul, L., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O., Denisenko, O., Zelenina, D., Morozov, S., Atabekov, J., Laliberté, J., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc, Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M., Gellatly, D., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M., Bishop, D., and Roy, P.

22. Citrus viroid V: molecular characterization and synergistic interactions with other members of the genus Apscaviroid.

Author

Serra P, Barbosa CJ, Daròs JA, Flores R, and Duran-Vila N

Subjects
Base Sequence, Citrus growth & development, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Phylogeny, Plant Viruses classification, Plant Viruses genetics, Plant Viruses pathogenicity, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Species Specificity, Viroids genetics, Viroids pathogenicity, Citrus virology, Plant Diseases virology, Plant Leaves virology, Viroids classification, Viroids physiology
Abstract

Studies on Atalantia citroides, a citrus relative, revealed the existence of a viroid not described previously. The new viroid has a GC-rich genome of 293-294 nucleotides and contains the central conserved region characteristic of members of the genus Apscaviroid, and the terminal conserved region present in this and other genera of the family Pospiviroidae. The secondary structure of minimum free energy predicted for the new viroid is a rod-like conformation with 68.7% paired nucleotides and showing sequence identities with other viroids always lower than 90%, the conventional limit that separates different species within a given genus. Infectivity assays showed that the new viroid induces mild but characteristic symptoms on the indicator Etrog citron. Co-inoculation of CVd-V with either Citrus bent leaf viroid or Citrus viroid III, two other members of the genus Apscaviroid infecting citrus, disclosed synergistic interactions manifested in enhanced leaf symptoms and very pronounced dwarfing. Viroid titers, however, remained unaltered in co-infected plants. Possible mechanisms underlying the observed synergistic effects are discussed. According to its molecular and biological properties and its unusual ability to replicate in A. citroides, the new viroid, tentatively named Citrus viroid V (CVd-V), should be considered a new species of the genus Apscaviroid.

Published
2008
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23. A real-time RT-PCR assay for quantifying the fitness of tobacco etch virus in competition experiments.

Author

Carrasco P, Daròs JA, Agudelo-Romero P, and Elena SF

Subjects
Gene Amplification, Genes, Viral genetics, Potyvirus genetics, Potyvirus growth & development, Potyvirus isolation & purification, RNA, Viral analysis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Nicotiana virology
Abstract

Relative fitness determination has become a standard tool in experimental virus evolution studies. In this type of studies, the tested strain is mixed with a reference strain, which differs in an easy-to-score and genetically stable marker, and allowed to compete for a limited common pool of resources during a given number of generations. In this report, a TaqMan real-time PCR methodology is proposed for quantifying the relative fitness of tobacco etch potyvirus strains (TEV) in in planta mixed infections with a reference TEV strain. Two different forward primers along with a common reverse one are used into separated reactions mixes from the same RNA preparation. The reference strain, named TEV-PC1, was genetically engineered to carry a neutral marker in a highly conserved region of the RNA polymerase NIb gene. This marker allows tracking the frequency of both competitors during competition experiments by real-time quantitative PCR using specific primers. Both the reproducibility and sensitivity of the method have been explored. Reproducibility was assessed by running multiple competition experiments for the same genotype. Sensitivity was assessed by comparing the results of competition experiments against TEV-PC1 of 24 single-nucleotide substitutions mutants.

Published
2007
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24. Diagnosis of "Maladie des feuilles cassantes" or Brittle leaf disease of date palms by detection of associated chloroplast encoded double stranded RNAs.

Author

Namsi A, Marqués J, Fadda Z, Takrouni ML, Ben Mahamoud O, Zouba A, Daròs JA, Flores R, Bové JM, and Duran-Vila N

Subjects
Arecaceae virology, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Plant Diseases virology, Plant Leaves virology, Plant Viruses genetics, RNA Probes chemistry, RNA, Chloroplast metabolism, RNA, Double-Stranded metabolism, RNA, Viral analysis
Abstract

The "Maladie des feuilles cassantes" (MFC) or "Brittle leaf disease" of date palms is associated with the accumulation of two populations of small, chloroplast-encoded RNAs. A plasmid vector containing a cDNA with partial sequences of both of these RNA populations was used to synthesize a DIG-labeled bifunctional probe by PCR. The probe has been tested to detect, by molecular hybridization, MFC-associated RNAs from dsRNA-enriched palm leaflet preparations. Leaflet samples from MFC-affected date palm trees consistently gave a positive hybridization signal regardless of the date palm cultivar, severity of symptoms, or geographical location, whereas samples from date palm trees affected by other biotic and abiotic stresses tested negative. The assay is specific for MFC and can be used for early diagnostic purposes.

Published
2006
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25. Identification in eggplant of a variant of citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) with a 96 nucleotide duplication in the right terminal region of the rod-like secondary structure.

Author

Fadda Z, Daròs JA, Flores R, and Duran-Vila N

Subjects
Base Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Recombination, Genetic, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, RNA, Viral chemistry, RNA, Viral genetics, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Solanum melongena virology, Viroids genetics, Viroids isolation & purification
Abstract

Analysis of eggplants, kept for years under greenhouse conditions after having been mechanically inoculated with nucleic acid preparations from field-grown eggplants containing two viroids, Eggplant latent viroid (ELVd) and Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), revealed the presence of an additional larger viroid RNA. Molecular characterization of this RNA showed that it is a stable 467-nt variant of CEVd with a 96-nt duplication of the right terminal region (CEVd-D96) that preserves the rod-like secondary structure. The coexistence in eggplant of CEVd (371nt) and CEVd-D96, and the fact that they have an almost identical sequence, strongly suggests the emergence of the latter from the former through an internal recombination mediated by a jumping RNA polymerase with low processivity. CEVd-D96 from eggplant is similar to the CEVd-D92 variant characterized previously in a hybrid tomato, suggesting that certain hosts may play a critical role in selecting and replicating this class of enlarged variants.

Published
2003
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26. The DNA of a plant retroviroid-like element is fused to different sites in the genome of a plant pararetrovirus and shows multiple forms with sequence deletions.

Author

Vera A, Daròs JA, Flores R, and Hernández C

Subjects
Base Sequence, Blotting, Southern, DNA, Viral metabolism, Genome, Viral, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Deletion, DNA, Viral chemistry, DNA, Viral genetics, Plants virology, Retroviridae genetics, Viroids genetics
Abstract

Carnation small viroid-like RNA (CarSV RNA) and its homologous DNA are the two forms of a unique plant retroviroid-like system. CarSV RNA is a 275-nucleotide noninfectious viroid-like RNA, present in certain carnation plants, which can adopt hammerhead structures in both polarity strands and self-cleave accordingly. CarSV DNA is organized as a series of head-to-tail multimers forming part of extrachromosomal elements in which CarSV DNA sequences are fused to sequences of carnation etched ring virus (CERV), a plant pararetrovirus. Analysis of more than 30 CarSV-CERV DNA junctions showed that distinct regions of the viral genome seem able to interact with CarSV DNA. All these junctions were short nucleotide stretches common to both CarSV and CERV DNAs. This suggests a polymerase-driven mechanism for their origin involving an enzyme with low processivity, most likely the viral reverse transcriptase. This view was further supported by the observation that most of CarSV sequences forming part of the junctions correspond either to strong secondary structure motifs in the conformation proposed for CarSV RNA or to its self-cleavage sites, which may have facilitated polymerase jumping. Accompanying the most-abundant CarSV RNA, a series of CarSV RNAs with sequence deletions were previously characterized. Here we have identified some of their corresponding DNA forms, together with other CarSV DNA forms with deletions not found in any CarSV RNA species identified so far. Some of these CarSV DNA forms have also been detected fused to CERV sequences. The existence of these shortened CarSV DNA versions may provide a continuous input of their corresponding transcripts and explain the persistence of CarSV RNAs with defective hammerhead structures for which an RNA-RNA model of amplification seems unlikely.

Published
2000
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28. Functional analysis of the interaction between VPg-proteinase (NIa) and RNA polymerase (NIb) of tobacco etch potyvirus, using conditional and suppressor mutants.

Author

Daròs JA, Schaad MC, and Carrington JC

Subjects
Endopeptidases genetics, Endopeptidases metabolism, Potyvirus genetics, Protein Binding, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase genetics, Suppression, Genetic, Viral Core Proteins genetics, Plants, Toxic, Potyvirus metabolism, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase metabolism, Nicotiana virology, Viral Core Proteins metabolism
Abstract

The tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NIb) has been shown to interact with the proteinase domain of the VPg-proteinase (NIa). To investigate the significance of this interaction, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae two-hybrid assay was used to isolate conditional NIa mutant proteins with temperature-sensitive (ts) defects in interacting with NIb. Thirty-six unique tsNIa mutants with substitutions affecting the proteinase domain were recovered. Most of the mutants coded for proteins with little or no proteolytic activity at permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. However, three mutant proteins retained proteolytic activity at both temperatures and, in two cases (tsNIa-Q384P and tsNIa-N393D), the mutations responsible for the ts interaction phenotype could be mapped to single positions. One of the mutations (N393D) conferred a ts-genome-amplification phenotype when it was placed in a recombinant TEV strain. Suppressor NIb mutants that restored interaction with the tsNIa-N393D protein at the restrictive temperature were recovered by a two-hybrid selection system. Although most of the suppressor mutants failed to stimulate amplification of genomes encoding the tsNIa-N393D protein, two suppressors (NIb-I94T and NIb-C380R) stimulated amplification of virus containing the N393D substitution by approximately sevenfold. These results support the hypothesis that interaction between NIa and NIb is important during TEV genome replication.

Published
1999
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29. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction protocols for cloning small circular RNAs.

Author

Navarro B, Daròs JA, and Flores R

Subjects
Blotting, Southern, DNA Polymerase I, DNA Primers, DNA, Complementary biosynthesis, DNA, Complementary genetics, In Situ Hybridization, Molecular Weight, Nucleic Acid Denaturation, RNA isolation & purification, RNA, Circular, RNA, Satellite genetics, RNA, Viral genetics, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Viroids genetics, Cloning, Molecular methods, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, RNA genetics
Abstract

A protocol is described for general application for cloning small circular RNAs which requires only minimal amounts of template (approximately 50 ng) of unknown sequence. Both cDNA strands are synthesized with a 26-mer primer whose six 3'-terminal positions are totally degenerate in two consecutive reactions catalyzed by reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase, respectively. The cDNAs are then PCR-amplified, using a 20-mer primer with the non-degenerate sequence of the previous primer, cloned and sequenced. This information permits the synthesis of one or more pairs of specific and adjacent primers for obtaining full-length cDNA clones by a protocol which is also described.

Published
1998
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30. Secondary structures in the capsid protein coding sequence and 3' nontranslated region involved in amplification of the tobacco etch virus genome.

Author

Haldeman-Cahill R, Daròs JA, and Carrington JC

Subjects
Base Sequence, Gene Amplification, Genome, Viral, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis, Protein Biosynthesis, Capsid genetics, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Potyvirus genetics, RNA, Viral chemistry
Abstract

The 3'-terminal 350 nucleotides of the tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) genome span the end of the capsid protein (CP)-coding sequence and the 3' nontranslated region (NTR). The CP-coding sequence within this region contains a 105-nucleotide cis-active element required for genome replication (S. Mahajan, V. V. Dolja, and J. C. Carrington, J. Virol. 70:4370-4379, 1996). To investigate the sequence and secondary structure requirements within the CP cis-active region and the 3' NTR, a systematic linker-scanning mutagenesis analysis was done. Forty-six mutations, each with two to six nucleotide substitutions, were introduced at consecutive hexanucleotide positions in the genome of a recombinant TEV strain expressing a reporter protein (beta-glucuronidase). Genome amplification activity of each mutant in the protoplast cell culture system was measured. Mutations that severely debilitated genome amplification were identified throughout the CP-coding cis-active sequence and at several distinct locations within the 3' NTR. However, based on a computer model of RNA folding, mutations that had the most severe effects mapped to regions that were predicted to form base-paired secondary structures. Linker-scanning mutations predicted to affect either strand of a base-paired structure within the CP-coding cis-active sequence, a base-paired structure between two segments of the CP-coding cis-active sequence and a contiguous 14-nucleotide segment of the 3' NTR, and a base-paired structure near the 3' terminus of the 3' NTR inactivated genome amplification. Compensatory mutations that restored base pair interactions in each of these regions restored amplification activity, although to differing levels depending on the structure restored. These data reveal that the 3' terminus of the TEV genome consists of a series of functionally discrete sequences and secondary structures and that the CP-coding sequence and 3' NTR are coadapted for genome amplification function through a requirement for base pair interactions.

Published
1998
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31. RNA binding activity of NIa proteinase of tobacco etch potyvirus.

Author

Daròs JA and Carrington JC

Subjects
Endopeptidases, Protein Binding, Plants, Toxic, Potyvirus enzymology, RNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Nicotiana virology, Viral Proteins metabolism
Abstract

The C-terminal domain of NIa protein (NIaPro) from tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) is a sequence-specific proteinase required for processing of the viral polyprotein. This proteinase also interacts with NIb, the TEV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. NIaPro and two NIaPro-containing polyproteins (NIa and 6/NIa) were analyzed from extracts of recombinant Escherichia coli. Using RNA-protein blot and UV-crosslinking assays, NIaPro and the NIaPro-containing polyproteins were shown to possess RNA-binding activity. NIaPro bound nonspecifically to several RNAs, including plus- and minus-strands of the TEV 5' and 3' noncoding regions. Saturation binding data obtained using the UV-crosslinking assay were consistent with a possible cooperative RNA-binding activity of NIaPro. In addition, the RNA-binding activities of NIaPro and full-length NIa protein were similar. Based on its RNA-binding activity and other known functions, NIaPro or a NIaPro-containing polyprotein is proposed to serve one or more direct roles during TEV RNA synthesis., (Copyright 1997 Academic Press.)

Published
1997
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32. A group I plant intron accumulates as circular RNA forms with extensive 5' deletions in vivo.

Author

Daròs JA and Flores R

Subjects
Base Sequence, Introns, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Plants, Toxic, RNA chemistry, RNA, Circular, RNA, Transfer, Leu genetics, Nicotiana genetics, RNA genetics, RNA, Plant genetics, Sequence Deletion
Abstract

Analysis by a PAGE approach for detecting small circular RNAs showed the existence of one such molecular species (RNA 1) accumulating at high levels in cherimoya. Sequencing of cDNA clones of RNA 1 revealed a size of 281 nt and a sequence identical to the 3'-terminal region of the 494-nt tRNALeu(UAA) group I intron from cherimoya. Northern blot hybridizations with a probe complementary to RNA 1 showed that this RNA coexists in vivo with its corresponding linear form, with the presumed full-length intron, and with minor amounts of two additional small circular species (RNAs 2 and 3). RNAs 2 and 3 had sizes of 216 and 156 nt, respectively, and sequences identical to different moieties of the 3'-terminal region of the tRNALeu(UAA) intron. The three cyclization sites giving rise to RNAs 1, 2, and 3, located within loop 8, are preceded by CUU or UUU trinucleotides and followed by sequences capable of forming base pairing interactions with the internal guide sequence characteristic of group I introns. The good correlation observed between the stabilities of these interactions and the in vivo accumulation levels of the corresponding cherimoya circular RNAs support the hypothesis that they emerge through a common mechanism similar to that advanced previously for the generation of circular RNAs derived from other group I introns. The lack of interactions of similar stabilities in tobacco, in which no circular RNAs derived from the tRNALeu(UAA) intron were detected, is consistent with this proposal, although other factors are also probably important in the synthesis and accumulation of the small circular RNAs in cherimoya.

Published
1996

33. A general strategy for cloning viroids and other small circular RNAs that uses minimal amounts of template and does not require prior knowledge of its sequence.

Author

Navarro B, Daròs JA, and Flores R

Subjects
Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Molecular Sequence Data, Plant Viruses genetics, RNA, Circular, RNA, Viral genetics, Templates, Genetic, Cloning, Molecular methods, RNA genetics, Viroids genetics
Abstract

Two PCR-based methods are described for obtaining clones of small circular RNAs of unknown sequence and for which only minute amounts are available. To avoid introducing any assumption about the RNA sequence, synthesis of the cDNAs is initiated with random primers. The cDNA population is then PCR-amplified using a primer whose sequence is present at both sides of the cDNAs, since they have been obtained with random hexamers and then a linker with the sequence of the PCR primer has been ligated to their termini, or because the cDNAs have been synthesized with an oligonucleotide that contains the sequence of the PCR primer at its 5' end and six randomized positions at its 3' end. The procedures need only approximately 50 ng of purified RNA template. The reasons for the emergence of cloning artifacts and precautions to avoid them are discussed.

Published
1996
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34. Characterization of multiple circular RNAs derived from a plant viroid-like RNA by sequence deletions and duplications.

Author

Daròs JA and Flores R

Subjects
Base Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Complementary genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA chemistry, RNA, Catalytic, RNA, Circular, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Deletion, Transcription, Genetic, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA genetics, Viroids genetics
Abstract

Northern blot hybridizations with a probe complementary to a 275-nt circular RNA isolated from carnation plants revealed that this RNA co-exists in vivo with minor amounts of other small circular RNAs. Sequencing of cDNA clones of nine RNA species demonstrated deletions and duplications of the predominant 275-nt RNA. Minor sequence heterogeneities were observed at the crossover sites. Deletions mapped to three arms of the cruciform structure of lowest free energy obtained previously for the parental 275-nt RNA, whereas repeats encompassed mostly regions of the arm where deletions were not found. Some of the deleted and duplicated regions corresponded to sequences forming part of the two hammerhead structures involved in the in vitro self-cleavage of the plus and minus strands of the 275-nt RNA. A copy choice model is proposed for the emergence of deletions and duplications, where the RNA polymerase with the nascent strand dissociates from the template at regions rich in secondary and possibly tertiary structures, and reinitiates synthesis at different upstream and downstream positions.

Published
1995

35. The strands of both polarities of a small circular RNA from carnation self-cleave in vitro through alternative double- and single-hammerhead structures.

Author

Hernández C, Daròs JA, Elena SF, Moya A, and Flores R

Subjects
Base Sequence, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Kinetics, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA chemistry, RNA isolation & purification, RNA, Circular, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Transcription, Genetic, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Plants genetics, RNA metabolism
Abstract

The sequence of a circular RNA from carnation has been determined and found to consist of 275 nucleotide residues adopting a branched secondary structure of minimum free energy. Both plus and minus strands of this RNA can form the hammerhead structures proposed to mediate the in vitro self-cleavage of a number of small infectious plant RNAs and the transcript of satellite 2 DNA from the newt. Minus full- and partial-length transcripts of the carnation circular RNA including the hammerhead structure showed self-cleavage during transcription and after purification, indicating the involvement of a single-hammerhead structure in the self-cleavage reaction. In the case of the plus transcripts only a dimeric RNA, but not a monomeric one, self-cleaved efficiently during transcription and after purification, strongly supporting the implication in this process of a double-hammerhead structure theoretically more stable than the corresponding single cleavage domain. However, a plus monomeric transcript self-cleaved after purification at a slow rate in a concentration-independent reaction which most probably occurs through an intramolecular mechanism. Comparative sequence analysis has revealed that the circular RNA from carnation shares similarities with some representative members of the viroid and viroid-like satellites RNAs from plants, suggesting that it is a new member of either these two groups of small pathogenic RNAs.

Published
1992
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