33 results on '"Dard N"'
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2. Caractérisation protéomique de la réponse des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires à l’hypoxie et des effets protecteurs des cellules souches mésenchymateuses humaines
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Fergani, A., primary, Pionneau, C., additional, Poirier, F., additional, Lutomski, D., additional, Larghero, J., additional, Besnard, V., additional, Planès, C., additional, and Dard, N., additional
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- 2024
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3. Compaction et divergence de lignage dans l’embryon préimplantatoire de souris
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Dard, N.
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- 2008
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4. Andrena (Micrandrena) exigua Erichson 1835
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Andrena exigua ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) exigua Erichson, 1835 Andrena exigua Erichson 1835: 105 (Holotype examined) Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by metasomal terga with evident PPs, and their BAPs have rough ornamentation over the entire surface. The clypeus, at least in females, has integument without ornamentation in the apical half, and although it is sometimes weak, it is always very shiny. Redescription based on holotype. Female: Body length 6���7 mm. The body has dark brown integument, and the pubescence is usually whitish. Head: The genal area has a shiny microsculpture without evident PPs, the pubescence is dense, whitish, and short, and the length is 0.5 that of the A 1. The frons is striated, with rough ornamentation as in the supraclypeal and paraocular area, with the integument of the latter being smooth with PPs over the lower part. The area bounded by the apical margin of the compound eye, the lateral ocellus, and the top edge of the occiput have an evident, matte microsculpture. The facial fovea is large, extends beyond the lower edge of the antennal socket, and is covered with a velvety pubescence that is white or sometimes yellow. The width of the upper end is higher. The antennal basal part is darker than the apical region, and the A 3 length is slightly less than A 4 and A 5 together. The clypeus is slightly arched, with microsculpture that is stronger in the basal area, which is normally smooth. In some specimens the microsculpture is weak, but it is always shiny, with scarce PPs which are greater in number in the distant apical part, E= 3���4. The process of labrum is black and occupies, at its base, almost 0.3 of the lower margin of the clypeus. It is surrounded by slender yellow hair. Mesosoma: The pronotum has a microsculpture with faint PPs. The scutum also has a microsculpture from the middle area, towards the posterior zone, although it is weaker and very shiny. The PPs are not deep, but they are evident, and are denser in the posterior region, E= 1���3. The scutellum is almost entirely covered in a microsculpture that is very subtle and more lustrous than in the scutum; however, the PPs are similar to those in the scutum. The mesepisternum has a strong microsculpture, the PBHs are weakly bulky, E= 2���4, and the hairs are brownish-white, reaching the length of A 1 at the inferior region. The metanotum has a coarse microsculpture and the PPs are not evident. The basal area of propodeum has rough ornamentation, with no defined propodeal triangle. The propodeal corbicula is whitish-gray, dense, long, and plumose. The rest of the propodeum has a microsculpture, scarce hair, and no PPs. The wings are smoky and at rest are beyond the apex of the metasoma. The veins are yellow and the pterostigma yellowish-brown. The hind legs are dark; however, the basitarsus, mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw are a hue paler. The tibia has a whitish-yellow pubescence and some darker hair in basal region, while the pubescence on the sides of the scutum, scutellum, and metanotum are large and brownish-gray. Metasoma: The metasoma is regular, with shallow and smaller PPs than in the scutum. The discs of T 1 have a weak microsculpture with evident marginal zones, and the PPs are obvious on the discs and marginal zones, E= 2���3. T 2 to T 4 have a stronger microsculpture and more abundant PPs than T 1, E= 1���2. The marginal zones are broad, and are usually marked and occupy about 0.4 times the length of the terga. The metasomal bands are whitish and interrupted, and are present at up to 0.6 the width of each terga. T 5 has a whitish-yellow pubescence, and the metasoma has reddish integument which is patent, especially towards the marginal zones. This is in contrast to the dark brown of the scutum or head. Male: Body length 5���7 mm. The integument is brown with a reddish metasoma and legs. The pubescence is whitish-gray. Head: The genal area has finely roughened ornamentation, and the pubescence is shorter than the length of A 1, except at the upper edge of the compound eye where the hairs are longer. The vertex and frons are wrinkled, and the paraocular area is shiny with evident and oblique PPs. The area bounded by the apical margin of the compound eye, the lateral ocellus, and the top edge of the occiput have a strong and dull microsculpture that is parallel to the compound eye, which is weaker and brighter. The A 1 to A 3 are darker in color than the rest, and A 3 and A 4 are quadratic, with the same length, and are slightly shorter than A 5. The clypeus could show a microsculpture (totally absent in the type of this species) and evident and dense PPs in the middle, with a smooth longitudinal line, E= 0.5���2. It is covered with whitish-gray hairs that have a white hue in the distal border. The process of labrum is brown and surrounded by orange hairs, with a wider base than apex, and occupies (at its base) 0.3 of the lower margin of the clypeus. The head has a whitish-gray pubescence that is white in the genal area. Mesosoma: The pronotum has a dull microsculpture. The scutum and scutellum have an opaque microsculpture, except in the middle where it appears weaker and shiny. In some specimens the whole scutellum is highly polished; however, in both, irregular PPs are present, E= 0.5���3 to 5. The mesepisternum has an opaque microsculpture with abundant, bulky PPs, especially along the front, E= 0.5���1, and a portion has a whitish-gray pubescence with hairs longer than the length of A 1. The metanotum has a coarse and dull microsculpture. In the middle, the basal area of propodeum has thick and short folds at its base, while the apical portion is finer. The ornamentation on the sides is rough, and therefore, the propodeal triangle is defined. The wings are hyaline, and at rest do not reach the apex of the metasoma. The veins and stigma are of a yellow-white hue. The hind legs, including the basitarsus, mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw, are orange in color, while the pubescence is whitish and also located inside of the basitarsus. The mesosoma has a pubescence of a conspicuous whitish-gray, and hairs are present on the sides of the scutellum and metanotum, however, they are more abundant than on the scutum. Metasoma: The metasoma is lanceolate. T 1 has a dull microsculpture and small, non-patent PPs, E= 0.5���3. The marginal zones are weakly marked on the sides. T 2 to T 4 also have a dull microsculpture, that is weaker and shinier on the dorsolateral convexity, where the PPs are slightly evident and abundant, E= 1���2. The marginal zones have obvious PPs, occupying, at most, 0.3 times the length of the terga. The metasomal bands are whitish, narrow, and widely interrupted in T 2 and T 3, while in T 4 they are only hinted at. The male genitalia have a simple constitution, similar to that of Andrena minutula (Kirby, 1802). Specimens examined. Holotype: Spain: Andaluc��a, 1 ♀, undated. No. 2489, 13/ 3.MBERLIN (as shown on the label). Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Alicante: 1 ♂, undated, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ. Almer��a: Las Negras, 50 Km E., 3 ♂, 27 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Alhamilla, Lucainena, 7 ♂, 25 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Castell��n: 1 ♂, 18 -IV- 1921, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ. Ciudad Real: Pozuelo de Calatrava, 4 ♀, undated, La Fuente leg., MNCNM. Ja��n: Sierra del Pozo, Puertollano, 1 ♀, 12 -VI- 2003, Kalfka, M. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Madrid: Aranjuez, 1 ♀, 01-IV- 1926, Lindberg leg., OLINZ; Vic��lvaro, 1 ♀, 02-IV- 1926, Lindberg leg., OLINZ;Villaverde, 2 ♀, 26 -III- 1912 / 1 ♀, 25 -III- 1907 / 2 ♀, 10 -IV- 1907 / 1 ♀, 31 -III- 1908, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Villaverde, 2 ♀, undated, MNCNM. M��laga: Yunquera, 40 Km W, 1 ♂, 20 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Murcia: Sierra de Espa��ula, 20 Km. SW, 2 ♂, 11 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Valladolid: Zamadue��as, 1 ♀, 03-V- 1979, Asensio, E. leg., USAL; 1 ♀, 03-V- 1979, Asensio, E. leg., OLINZ. Zaragoza: Pina de Ebro, 10 Km E, 1 ♂, 18 -V- 1992, Osten, T. leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 477-479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Erichson, W. F. (1835) Beschreibung von 19 neuen Hymenopteren aus Andalusien. In: Waltl. J. (Ed.), Resie durch Tyrol, Oberitalien und Piemont nach dem sudlichen Spanien. nebst einem Anhange zoologischen Inhalts (Uber die Thiere Andalusiens). Vol. 2. Verlag der Pustet´schen Buchhandlung (J. F. Winkler), Passau, Pustel, pp. 101 - 109.","Kirby, W. (1802) Monographia apum Angliae; or, An attempt to divide into their naturla genera and families, such species of the Linnean genus Apis as have been discovered in England; with descriptions and observations. Vol. 1. &. 2. Ipswich, 258 pp. & 388 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10346"]}
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- 2014
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5. Andrena (Micrandrena) icterina Warncke 1974
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena icterina ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) icterina Warncke, 1974 Andrena icterina Warncke 1974: 38 (Holotype examined) Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by a clypeus with a shiny microsculpture that is weakly flattened from the middle to the bottom edge. The facial fovea are long, and slightly exceed the antennal socket. The scutum has PPs that are intermingled between a strong and opaque microsculpture. Redescription based on holotype. Female: Body length 7 mm. The body has a black integument, while the legs are dark brown. The pubescence is more or less dense, and whitish-yellow in color. Head: The genal area has a glossy microsculpture. The vertex, frons, and paraocular area have vertical grooves, while the inferior area of the paraocular area has obliquely evident PPs. The area bounded by the apical margin of the compound eye, the lateral ocellus, and the top edge of the occiput has a microsculpture. The facial fovea is narrower by 0.6 of its lower length, and the top is 2 times wider than the bottom; additionally, the facial fovea is long and slightly exceeds the antennal socket. The antenna are brown and the lengths are A 3 =A 4 +A 5. The clypeus has a microsculpture with a brighter apical edge than the rest of its surface, and it is slightly flattened from the middle to the bottom. The clypeus has a few shallow, irregular, and more or less dense PPs, E= 0.5���4. The process of labrum is black, the base is wider than the apex, and it occupies 0.3 of the lower margin of the clypeus. It is surrounded by long orange hair. The pubescence is whitish-yellow, with some brown hairs intermingled on the vertex and paraocular area that reach the length of A 1. Mesosoma: The pronotum has a microsculpture, and in the central region there are evident and slightly shallow PPs. The scutum and scutellum have a faintly bright microsculpture. The scutum has shallow, more or less abundant PPs, E= 0.5���2, and the scutellum has dense PPs in the middle region, ERedescription based on paratype. Male: Body length 5���6 mm. Body with a dark brown integument. The pubescence is whitish on the head and thorax, and intermingled with brownish hair. In general, the morphology is similar to that of the female. Head: The antenna are brown, with a length of A 3 =A 5. The clypeus is convex, with the middle zone being weakly flattened as in that of the female. The genal area has a dark brown pubescence on the top, while the lower zone is white, with long hairs that reach the length of A 1. Mesosoma: The scutum and scutellum are generally like those in the female, but without the short brown hairs. The mesepisternum has a microsculpture and PPs as in the female, but the apical region has a large white pubescence that reaches 1.5 times the length of A 1. The hind legs are dark brown, and the basitarsus, mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw are slightly paler. The pubescence is whitish, except on the inside face of the basitarsus where it is yellowish. Metasoma: T 2 to T 4 have slightly evident PPs, and the microsculpture of the marginal zones is weaker than in the discs, reaching about 0.3 times the length of the terga. The male genitalia have the apical portion of their gonostylus slightly widened. Comment. Warncke (1974) noted a similarity to Andrena strohmella St��ckhert, 1928, and indicated that it was probably a subspecies of this one; however, there are some differences. First, the fold that is evident on the basal sides of T 1, extending at least halfway up the disc in A. strohmella, is not found in A. icterina. Also, the length of the facial fovea, pubescence of the body, and the presence of a smooth longitudinal line on the clypeus of A. strohmella are absent in A. icterina. For males, the basal area of the penis valve of A. strohmella has a similar width to the apical zone, and A 3 is clearly shorter than A 5, contrary to what is observed in A. icterina. Due to the clear morphological differences, A. icterina is considered to be a different species than A. strohmella and, therefore, a valid species. Specimens examined. Holotype: Algeria: Teniet, 1 ♀, 10 -V- 1895, OLINZ. Paratype: Algeria: Algeria, 1 ♀, undated, OLINZ; Teniet, 1 ♀, 10 -V- 1895, OLINZ; Teniet, 3 ♂, undated, OLINZ. Other material: Algeria: El Kseur, 1 ♀, 22���23 -V- 1981, d`Akfadou, F. leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 480-481, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Warncke, K. (1974) Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Sandbienen in Nordafrika (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Andrena). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 50 (12), 3 - 53.","Stockhert, E. (1928) Andrena strohmella n. sp. eine neue deutsche Biene (Hym.). Archiv fur Insektenkunde des Oberrheingebietes, 2, 243 - 248."]}
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- 2014
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6. Andrena spreta subsp. pauxilla
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrena spreta pauxilla ,Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena spreta ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena spreta pauxilla Iberian Peninsula: Spain: C��ceres: Ba��os de Montemayor, 1 ♀, 01-V- 1943, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM, at 738 masl. Ciudad Real: Pozuelo de Calatrava, 1 ♀, undated, La Fuente leg., MNCNM. C��rdoba: El Soldado, 1 ♀, undated, Seyrig, A. leg., MNCNM. Madrid: Madrid, 2 ♀, 30 -III- 1902, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Ribas, 2 ♀, 02- V- 1901 and 1 ♀, 23 -V- 1909, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Villaverde, 2 ♀, 03-IV- 1926, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM. Salamanca: Hinojosa de Duero, 1 ♀, 15 -V- 1980, Gayubo, S. leg., USAL; Topas, 1 ♂, 02-III- 1980, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 820 masl. Valladolid: Sard��n de Duero, 1 ♀, 29 -VI- 1984, Asensio, E. leg., USAL. Zamora: Mayalde, 1 ♀, 08-VII- 1984, Gayubo, S. leg., USAL. Zaragoza: Fuente Sauco, 1 ♀, 11 -VI- 1983, Gayubo, S. leg., USAL, Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298
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- 2014
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7. Andrena (Micrandrena) alfkenella subsp. alfkenella Perkins 1914
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena alfkenella ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena (micrandrena) alfkenella alfkenella perkins, 1914 ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) alfkenella alfkenella Perkins, 1914 Andrena alfkenella Perkins 1914: 112 Andrena moricella Perkins 1914: 113 (partim) ♂, nec ♀ Andrena pillichi Noskiewicz 1939: 241 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by a tesselate metasoma, with dense and small PPs and an intermingled microsculpture (more evident in females, starting in T 2). In females, T 1 has an evident microsculpture and isolated PPs. The marginal zones are weakly marked, especially at the middle, where there is no evident transition between the marginal zone and the disc. Specimens examined. Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Asturias: Covadonga, 3 ♀, undated, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM. Navarra: Burguete, 1 ♀, 27 -VIII- 1933, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM. Pontevedra: Pontevedra, 1 ♀, 01- VII- 1922, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM. Soria: Aldehuela de Calata��azor, 1 ♂, 02-VIII- 1989, Garc��a, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM. Teruel: Sierra de Albarrac��n, 1 ♂, 03���06-VIII- 1980, Schachlt, W. leg. OLINZ. Portugal: Guarda: Pinzio, 1 ♀, 03-VII- 1963, OLINZ. Coimbra: Pinhal de Marrocos, 1 ♀, 10 -IV- 1968 / 1 ♀, 21 -IV- 1968 / 1 ♂, 31 -III- 1968 / 1 ♂, 28 -V- 1968; Diniz, M.A. leg., OLINZ. Viana do Castelo: Ponte de Lima, 1 ♀, 16 -V- 1968, Diniz, M.A. leg., OLINZ. Other localities: Germany: Abensberg: Bay, 1 ♀, 12 -V- 1938 / 2 ♂ 06-V- 1938, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. Budapest: 1 ♀, 19 -VI- 1927, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. France: Bonifacio, 1 ♀, 27 al 28 -V- 1933 / 2 ♂, 31 -V al 02-VI- 1933, Beaumont leg., OLINZ. Greece: Larisa, 1 ♀, 20 -IV- 1962, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Macedonia: Struga, 1 ♂, 01-VII- 1965, Kgm. leg., MBERLIN. Turkey: Adana, 1 ♀, 06-IV- 1971, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Akra, 1 ♂, 21 -V- 1972, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Perkins, RCL. (1914) Synopsis of the British Forms of the Andrena minutula Group. Entomologist´s Monthly Magazine, 25 (2), 71 - 75, 112 - 115.","Noskiewicz, J. (1939) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Bienenfauna Ungarns. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 16, 240 - 265."]}
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- 2014
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8. Andrena (Micrandrena) abjecta Perez 1895
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Andrena abjecta ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) abjecta P��rez, 1895 Andrena abjecta P��rez 1895: 45 (Lectotype examined) Diagnosis. Andrena abjecta is characterized by a body with shiny, fine and weak integument. The scutum and scutellum have shallow and sparse PPs. The propodeal triangle is clearly defined, with different ornamentation on each side, and the propodeum has a matte appearance that contrasts with the brightness of the metasoma. The surface of the terga has a fine and tenuous microsculpture with shallow PBHs. The marginal zones are 0.4 times the length of the terga. Redescription based on lectotype. Female: Body length 6���8 mm. The body has dark brown integument with a reddish metasoma. The pubescence is sparse and usually whitish. Head: The genal area has a weak wrinkled microsculpture on the upper area, with weak striations towards the bottom. The PBH is obvious but weak, and oblique over the entire surface. The frons and paraocular area are matte and ornamented with large grooves or stretch marks, and the PPs are obvious at the bottom of the paraocular area. The facial fovea is strongly depressed by about 0.6 of its lower length (3 times narrower than high), with a golden and iridescent, velvety pubescence. The flagellum increases towards the apex, with a darker base. A 1 = 0.3 of the length of the flagellum, A 2 =A 3, and A 3 =A 4 +A 5. The clypeus is arched, with a bright center and obvious PPs. The top of the clypeus has a fine microsculpture and PPs until the middle, which is large, coarse and without defined edges. E= 1���4, with PPs evident on the lower portion, although they are not deep. The entire clypeus has slender plumose hairs that are yellow and iridescent, although not longer than the length of A 1. The process of labrum is small, black, and just under 0.3 of the lower margin of the clypeus at the base, it is also surrounded by long hair (longer than the length of the process of labrum). The pubescence is not dense, and is generally whitish, iridescent and shorter than the length of A 1. Mesosoma: The entire pronotum is impunctate with a microsculpture. The scutum and scutellum also have a delicate microsculpture over the entire surface, which is shiny, with isolated, shallow, and irregular PPs. The mesepisternum has a bright microsculpture with slightly elevated PPs, and a scarce, long, and white pubescence. The metanotum is similar, with a fine and dense microsculpture without evident PPs, and has large yellow hairs as on the sides of the scutellum and scutum (in the latter they are all over the surface). The basal area of propodeum is located in the middle with fine granular ornamentation that is coarser along the sides. The propodeal triangle is defined. The propodeal corbicula is whitish and paler than the rest of the hairs on the thorax. The wings are weakly smoked, and at rest reach the apex of the metasoma. The veins and stigma are slightly pale yellow; however, Gusenleitner and Schwarz (2002) indicate that they are brown. The hind legs are brown, including the basitarsus, mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw. Metasoma: The metasomal terga are bright with a delicate and weak microsculpture. On the sides of the discs of the terga there are a few slender PPs that are small and isolated, with smooth edges. The PBHs are shallow and are present starting at T 3, although they are most abundant in T 4 and T 5, additionally, the latter ones have yellow hair, at least on the inferior part. The sides of the pygidial plate also have yellow hair. The discs of the terga are dark brown, with some short, slender, iridescent hair, which is abundant in T 4. There are also scarce and plumose hairs present on the top of the marginal zone, although they are larger and do not form a complete band. The marginal zones are amber in color, evident in T 2, irregular, and weakly marked, especially in the middle. They occupy 0.4 times the length of the terga. Metasomal bands of whitish hair are present from T 2, where they are short and scarce, however they are longer in T 3. The integument of the metasomal terga is brownish-red, and paler than the mesosoma and head, although brighter than the former. Male: (This description corresponds to specimens from Morocco, as we were unable to locate specimens captured in the Iberian Peninsula). Body length 6 mm. The integument is black with a brown metasoma. The males are generally similar in morphology to the females. Head: The genal area has short and striate ornamentation that is present on the top. The area bounded by the apical margin of compound eye has a lateral ocellus and top edge of the occiput with a fine, granular and matte microsculpture. A 3 is clearly longer than A 5, and nearly twice as long as A 4, while the following As are longer than wide. The clypeus is as in the female, with a smooth apical half and strong and scattered PPs. E= 1���4, and the basal half is matte with a microsculpture. The process of labrum occupies at least 0.3 of the lower margin of the clypeus at its base. The head has a fine and short pubescence, except on the vertex and in the lower portion of the genal area, where the hair is long and reaches the length of A 1. The color is yellowish-white, except in the paraocular area and vertex, where it is brown. Mesosoma: The scutum and scutellum are completely matte, without PPs, although in the latter it is more obvious. The mesepisternum has small, non-bulky PBHs, with E= 3 or more; however, the pubescence is scarce and longer than the length of A 1. The metanotum has a microsculpture that is a little coarser than that in the scutum and scutellum. The basal area of propodeum is as in the female. The rest of the propodeum also has a fine granular microsculpture and small PBHs with plumose hairs. The wings are weakly smoked with a yellowish tone, and at rest they do not reach the apex of the metasoma. The veins are orangish-brown. The legs are brown, and the mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw are paler. The pubescence of the hind legs is whitish, but the inner side of the basitarsus is yellow. Metasoma: The metasoma is as in the female, with a fine and tenuous microsculpture. The discs of the terga have small and weak PBHs with thin hairs. T 2 and T 4 have incomplete metasomal bands that are sparse. The male genitalia are simple, as in Andrena minutula (Kirby, 1802). Comments. Individuals of this species can be confused with others belonging to the subgenus Andrena (Distandrena) Warncke, 1968; however, by their morphological characteristics, Andrena abjecta should remain in the subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena). These characteristics are, in the case of females, a process of labrum with a rectangular shape, not triangular as in the species of Andrena (Distandrena). Also, the clypeus is convex, vertical and elongated, without striations, and the propodeal corbicula is incomplete and scarce. In the case of the male, the genitalia of this species are morphologically similar to Andrena minutula (Kirby, 1802). Specimens examined. Lectotype: Algeria: Constantina, 1 ♀, undated, Wildbienen cataster 0 61024 scwe 479, MPARIS EY0000002007. Paralectotype: Algeria: Or��n, 1 ♀, undated, OLINZ. Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Huelva: Niebla, 1 ♀, 22 -IV- 1987, Torres, F. leg., MJ. Dard��n 2009, det., USAL. Zaragoza: Pina de Ebro, 1 ♀, 09-III- 1991, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n 2009, det., USAL. Other localities: Algeria: Constantina: 1 ♀, undated, J. P��rez det., MPARIS. Morocco: Moulay Idriss, 1 ♂, 26 -III- 1923, Schulthess leg?, OLINZ; Mekn��s- Tafilalet: El Hajeb, 1 ♂, 29 -III- 1923, Schulthess leg?, OLINZ; Tiznit, Assaka, 1 ♀, 13 -III- 1974, Guichard, K. & Else, G., leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 473-476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Perez, J. (1895) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes de Barbarie (Diagnoses preliminaires). Bordeaux, 45, 1 - 64.","Gusenleitner, F. & Schwarz, M. (2002) Nomenklatorische Aktualisierungen in der Bienengattung Andrena sowie Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Andreninae). Entomofauna, 21 (10), 105 - 116.","Kirby, W. (1802) Monographia apum Angliae; or, An attempt to divide into their naturla genera and families, such species of the Linnean genus Apis as have been discovered in England; with descriptions and observations. Vol. 1. &. 2. Ipswich, 258 pp. & 388 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10346","Warncke, K. (1968) Die Untergattungen der westpalaarktischen Bienengattung Andrena F. Memorias e estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 307, 1 - 107."]}
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9. Andrena (Micrandrena) minutula subsp. lenis Perez 1903
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Andrena (micrandrena) minutula lenis p��rez, 1903 ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena (micrandrena) minutula lenis pérez, 1903 ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy ,Andrena minutula - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) minutula lenis P��rez, 1903 Andrena lenis P��rez 1903: 85 (Paratype examined) Andrena gilvifrons P��rez 1903: 84 Diagnosis. The female of this species has a body with weaker PPs than in the nominate subspecies. The clypeus, at its center, is slightly flattened, with a weaker microsculpture than in A. minutula minutula, and deep, regular, small, and dense PPs, E= 1���3. The propodeal triangle is defined and has the same ornamentation that appears in the nominal subspecies. The gaster has barely perceptible PPs that are small and shallow, and on the sides of the disc they appear bulky. For this reason the integument looks rough and rugged. The male is very similar to the nominate subspecies with a few differences. The scutum has coarser and stronger PPs. The gaster is very bright, with a weaker microsculpture than in the nominal species, and hardly perceptible PPs that are more widespread and evident on the sides of the discs. The metasomal bands have whitish hair and are developed, dense, and present only in the apical part of the marginal zone. Comment. Warncke (1976) suggested that Andrena lenis, P��rez, 1903, corresponds, in reality, to a subspecies of A. minutula, but he did not indicate the characteristics for differentiation. For this reason, it was necessary to determine the features for their identification, which are included in this study as a diagnosis of the subspecies. Specimens examined. Andrena lenis P��rez 1903 Paratype: France: Royan, 1 ♀, no more data, MPARIS.Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: C��ceres: Guadalupe, 1 ♀, 22 -IV- 1977, Asensio, E. leg., USAL. Madrid: Casa de Campo, 1 ♀, 02-VI- 1956, Alvarez, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM. Salamanca: Bejar Ca. Aldeacipreste, 1 ♀, 0 5 -III- 1978, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Valladolid: Viana de Cega, 1 ♀, 27 -III- 1994, Gonz��lez, J. leg., USAL., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 482, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Perez, J. (1903) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes. Proces - Verbaux de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 58, 78 - 93.","Warncke, K. (1976) Die Bienengattung Andrena F., 1775, in Iberien (Hym. Apidae) Teil B. Eos, 50 (1 - 4), 119 - 223."]}
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10. Andrena (Micrandrena) strohmella Stockhert 1928
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena strohmella ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) strohmella St��ckhert, 1928 Andrena strohmella St��ckhert 1928: 244 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are easily recognized by the weak fold on each side of T 1, and by the dense and yellow pubescence of the body. Comment. A. strohmella is easily recognized by the lateral fold of T 1, a feature absent in other species of the subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) from the Iberian Peninsula. Previously, A. strohmella was reported only in northwestern France; however, with the specimen from Tarragona, Spain, the distribution is now widened to the Iberian Peninsula. The individual from the Iberian Peninsula presents an facial fovea that is slightly shorter than the other individuals of A. strohmella that have been examined, although, the lateral folds of T 1 are evident and certainly correspond to this species. Specimens examined. Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Tarragona: Alcanar, 1 ♀, Kadlec, J. leg., V- 2002, MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Other localities: Germany: Baden-W��rttemberg: Kehl a.Rh., 1 ♀, 1 -IV- 1937, Balles, L. leg. OLINZ; Legelshurst, 1 ♂, 1 -IV- 1939, Balles, L. leg., OLINZ. Bavaria: Abbach a.D., 2 ♀, 18 -V- 1943, Fritz, L. leg. OLINZ; Bayern, WUG., 1 ♀, 6 -V- 1990, K. Warncke leg. OLINZ; Bayern, KEH., 1 ♀ and 1 ♂, 15 -IV- 1991, K. Warncke leg. OLINZ; Erlangen, 1 ♀, 8 -VI- 1935 / 1 ♂, 7 -V- 1951 / 1 ♂, 26 -III- 1953, St��ckhert leg. OLINZ; Pappenheim, 1 ♂, 7 -IV- 1928 / 1 ♂, 12 -V- 1931, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. Saxony: Wimenbol, Freiberg/Br., 2 ♀, 12 - V- 1965, Gaess leg. OLINZ; Wimenbol, Freiberg/Br., 21 -III-1966, 1 ♂, Gaess leg. OLINZ. Thuringia: Jena, 1 ♀, 21 -IV- 1930, Meyer, OLINZ. Austria: Upper Austria: Linz, Umgebg. A.s., 1 ♀, 1961, Priesner, H. leg., OLINZ; Linz, Pfesching, 1 ♂, 8 -IV- 1961, Schwarz, M. leg., OLINZ. Tyrol: Handl., 1 ♂, 14 -IV- 1984, Gr��nwaldt? leg., Gr��nwaldt det., OLINZ. France: Bas-Rhin: Sarre-Union, 1 ♂, 12 -IV- 1967, OLINZ in Prunus espinosa L. [Rosaceae]. Italy: Verona: L-Mt.Baldo, 1 ♂, 19 -V- 1986, Gsorache? Leg., OLINZ. Unknown locality: Busenbach, 17.IV.1929, 1 ♂, Hohndorf leg., OLINZ;Versailles, 1 ♀, 27 -IV- 1964 and 1 ♂, 26 -III- 1968, Sacy leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 490-491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Stockhert, E. (1928) Andrena strohmella n. sp. eine neue deutsche Biene (Hym.). Archiv fur Insektenkunde des Oberrheingebietes, 2, 243 - 248."]}
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11. Andrena (Micrandrena) simontornyella subsp. simontornyella Noskiewicz 1939
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena (micrandrena) simontornyella simontornyella noskiewicz, 1939 ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Andrena simontornyella ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) simontornyella simontornyella Noskiewicz, 1939 Andrena simontornyella Noskiewicz 1939: 246 Andrena corpana Warncke 1965: 66 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by a wide facial fovea. The scutum and scutellum have PPs intermingled between the microsculptures. The process of labrum is small and occupies, at its base, about 0.2 of the lower margin of the clypeus. The constitution of the male genitalia is unmistakable, as in the rest of species of the subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) in the Iberian Peninsula. The dorsal lobe of the gonocoxite is elongated, and the gonostylus is to the inside of it. Specimens examined. Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Asturias: Oviedo, 1 ♀, 20 -IV- 1973, L��pez, L. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM. Barcelona: Baleny��, 20 -IV- 1933, Villarubia leg., OLINZ; Montjoich, 1 ♀, undated, Zariguey leg., OLINZ; Santa Creu d��Olorda, 1 ♀, V- 1933, Esp i vil? leg., OLINZ. Other localities: France: Alpes de Haute Provence: Montagne d. Lure, Lauzon b. Cruis, 1 ♂, 03-V- 1979, Schacht, W. leg., OLINZ. Bocas del R��dano: Saint R��my de Provence, 1 ♂, 03-IV- 1964, OLINZ. Gironda: Burdeos, 1 ♂, 4 -j-?, no more data, MBERLIN. Ni��vre: Decize, 1 ♂, 13 -IV- 1967, de Chenon leg., OLINZ. Vaucluse: B��doin, 500m. 1 ♀, 16-20 -VI- 1979, Perraudin, W. leg., OLINZ. Greece: Islands Lefkas, 1 ♂, 8-30 -V- 1929, Beier leg., MBERLIN. Hungary: Tolna: Simontornya, 1 ♂, 2-4 -IV- 1936, Hu. occ. leg., OLINZ; Budapest, 1 ♂, 15-30 -V- 1922, Enslin leg., OLINZ; Italy: Brescia: Riva del Garda, 1 ♂, 17 -IV- 1973, Hbth. leg., OLINZ. Foggia: Manfredonia, 1 ♂, 09-IV- 1953 / 1 ♀, 20 - IV- 1963, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Genoa: Genoa, 1 ♀, V- 1935, Mancini leg., OLINZ; Nervi, 1 ♂, 09- 22 -IV- 1925, Meyer, R. leg., OLINZ. Rome: Torraccia, Montebello, 1 ♀, 30 -IV- 1953, Comba leg., OLINZ. Turin: 1 ♀, 20 -V- 1961, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Macedonia: Ohrid: Strasse n. Konklo, 1 ♀, 18 -VI- 1966, Kgm. leg., MBERLIN. Serbia: Ni��, 1 ♀, 14 -V- 1964, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Turkey: Istanbul: B��y��kdere, 1 ♀ and 3 ♂, 8 -IV- 1972 / 1 ♂, 10 -IV- 1972, OLINZ. Unknown locality:Alpes -Mar. Plateu de la Justice, 1 ♂, 24 -IV- 1962, OLINZ, in Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. Ex Besser [Asteraceae]; Ohrid. Yu. Mac, 3 ♀, 29 -V to 10 -VI- 1972, Teunissen leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Noskiewicz, J. (1939) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Bienenfauna Ungarns. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 16, 240 - 265.","Warncke, K. (1965) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Bienengattung Andrena Fabricius in Griechenland. Beitrage Zur Entomologie. Berlin, 15, 27 - 76."]}
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12. Andrena (Micrandrena) simontornyella subsp. adianta Warncke 1974
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Andrena simontornyella ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Andrena (micrandrena) simontornyella adianta warncke, 1974 ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) simontornyella adianta Warncke, 1974 Andrena simontornyella adianta Warncke 1974:12, 38 (Holotype examined) Diagnosis. This subspecies is very similar to the nominate subspecies. It is recognized by a convex clypeus that is not flattened in the center of the lower half, with fine and weak folds. The clypeus has a microsculpture in the apical region that is coarser than in A. simontornyella simontornyella. The process of labrum is more or less triangular, and the basal area of propodeum has fine ornamentation on the central and back regions. The propodeal triangle is defined, and the metasomal marginal zones are more marked than in the nominate subspecies. The male has not yet been described. Comment. The male of A. simontornyella adianta is unknown, so a greater effort must be made for its capture. Both subspecies are rare in the Iberian Peninsula, which is reflected in the small number of specimens found for this work. Specimens examined. Holotype: Morocco: Tangier, 1 ♀, undated, no more data leg., OLINZ.Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Portugal: Coimbra: Pinhal de Marrocos, 1 ♀, 02-IV- 1968, Diniz leg., OLINZ. Other localities: Hungary: Tolna: Simontornya, 1 ♀, 01-V- 1937, Pillich leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Warncke, K. (1974) Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Sandbienen in Nordafrika (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Andrena). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 50 (12), 3 - 53."]}
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13. Andrena (Micrandrena) spreta subsp. spreta Perez 1895
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
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Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena (micrandrena) spreta spreta pérez, 1895 ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Andrena (micrandrena) spreta spreta p��rez, 1895 ,Biodiversity ,Andrena spreta ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) spreta spreta P��rez, 1895 Andrena spreta P��rez 1895: 43 (Paratype examined) Andrena curtula P��rez 1903: 85 (Lectotype examined) ? Andrena lampronota P��rez 1911: 41 Andrena pauxilla St��ckhert 1935: 71 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are recognized by the characteristic microsculpture of the T, which could be defined as strong, rough, and intermingled with PPs. The marginal zones are clearly marked. The males are characterized by the strong microsculpture of the marginal zones, which is stronger than in the discs. A 3 and A 4 are short. The species is bivoltine and shows some dimorphism. Specimens examined. Andrena spreta P��rez, 1895 Paratype: Algeria: Biskra, 3 ♀, undated, OLINZ. Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Almer��a: Berja 50 Km. W., 1 ♀, 21-28 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., OLINZ; 7 ♂, 28 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Las Negras, 50 Km. E., 5 ♂, 27 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Alhamilla, Lucainena, 5 ♀ and 5 ♂, 25 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra de Mar��a, 25 Km W Lorca, 1 ♀, 10 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Filabres, 9 Km. E., Alb��rchez, 6 ♀ and 3 ♂, 23 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Filabres, Alb��nchez, 2 ♀ and 1 ♂, 24 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Barcelona: Canet de Mar, 1 ♀, 26 -III- 1963 and 1 ♂, 22 -V- 1965, Fco. Verg��s leg., OLINZ. C��ceres: Herv��s, 1 ♀, 01-VI- 1907, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Jerte, 1 ♀, 23 -IV- 1991, P. Ornosa leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM; Navalvillar de Ibor, 1 ♀, undated, MJ. Dard��n det., UCM. Ciudad Real: Ca��izares, 1 ♀, undated, Selgas leg., MNCNM; Pozuelo de Calatrava, 1 ♀, undated, La Fuente leg., MNCNM. C��rdoba: El Soldado, 1 ♀, 22 -V- 1927 and 1 ♂, 01-II- 1926, Seyrig, A. leg., MNCNM; Espiel, 1 ♂, 28 -II- 1926, Seyrig, A. leg., OLINZ; Izn��jar, 1 ♂, 01-VI- 1909, Expedition of the Spanish Institute of Entomology, leg., MNCNM; Sierra Morena, Espiel, 1 ♀, 15 -V- 1927, Seyrig, A. leg., MNCNM; Sierra Morena, Pe��arroya, 1 ♀, 05-VI- 1927, Seyrig, A. leg., MNCNM. Granada: Sierra Nevada, near Alboloduy, 4 ♀ and 1 ♂, 6-7 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra de Nevada, env. Lanjar��n, 1 ♂, 4 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Nevada, Ohanes env., 3 ♀, 5 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Huelva: Huelva, 1 ♂, V- 1927, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ. Ja��n: Sierra del Pozo, Mnt. Palomas, 2 ♀, 11 -VI- 2003, Kalfka, M. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ, at 1450 masl. Madrid: Alcal�� de Henares, 1 ♀, 13 -VI- 1909, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Arganda del Rey, 1 ♂, 17 -V- 1933, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Casa de Campo, 1 ♀, 11 -VI- 1956, Templado, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM; Cercedilla, 1 ♀, undated, Expedition of the Spanish Institute of Entomology, leg., MNCNM; Cerro Ortiyon, 1 ♀, 23 -V- 1979, P-I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; El Pardo, 2 ♀, 05-IV- 1908, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Embalse del Vell��n, Sierra Lagos, 1 ♀, 11 -V- 1979, P-I��igo, C. leg., F. Torres det., USAL; Escorial, 1 ♂, 03-IV- 1909, Mercet, Ga. leg., MNCNM; Madrid, 3 ♀, undated, Mercet, Ga. leg., MNCNM; Madrid, 1 ♂, 16 -III- 1902 / 2 ♀, 30 -III- 1902 / 1 ♀, 08-VI- 1936, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Paracuellos de Jarama, 4 ♀, 02-VI- 1925, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Ptd. Revent��n, Carr. Cardevolas, 1 ♀, 13 -VI- 1979, C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; Puerto de la Morcuera, Subida, 10 ♀, undated, P-I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; P. Canencia, 1 ♀, 15 -V- 1979, P-I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; Ptd. Navafr��a, 4 ♀, 04-VI- 1979, P-I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; R��o Alberche, 1 ♀, 08-VII- 1906 and 1 ♀, 28 -V- 1908, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; San Agust��n, 1 ♀, 08-VI- 1912, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; San Fernando, 1 ♂, 12 -IV- 1909, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; San Pedro, 6 ♀, undated, P- I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; Sierra de Guadarrama, 1 ♀, 20 -VI- 1913, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Torrelodones, 1 ♀, undated, Bolivar, C. leg., MNCNM; Vaciamadrid, 1 ♀, 30 -IV- 1909, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; C. Vell��n, S. Lagos, 1 ♀, 29 -VI- 1979, P-I��igo, C. leg., C.P��rez-I��igo det., UCM; Villaverde, 1 ♂, 25 -III- 1907 / 1 ♀, 10 -IV- 1907 / 1 ♂, 18 -IV- 1909 / 1 ♀, 06-VI- 1909, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Villaverde, 1 ♂, undated, Mercet, Ga. leg., MNCNM; 1 ♂, 26 -III- 1912, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Villaviciosa, 2 ♀, 23 -V- 1912, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM. M��laga: Colmenar, 1 ♂, 18 -VI- 1917, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Yunquera, 40 Km. W., 1 ♀, 29 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ, at 800 masl. Murcia: Cartagena, 25 Km. SW., 1 ♀, 12 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Cartagena, Mar Minor 30 Km., 2 ♂, 13 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Espu��a, 20 Km. SW, 5 ♀ and 3 ♂, 11 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Salamanca: B��jar: El Molinillo, 1 ♂, 10 -VII- 1977, Gayubo, S. leg., USAL, Cementerio, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, 24 -VII- 1977, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 920 masl; Carretera de Aldeacipreste, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, 0 5 -III- 1978, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 780 masl; Navacarros, 2 ♀, 22 -VII- 1977, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 1140 masl; 1 ♂, 05-VII- 1977, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 1130 masl; San Mart��n del Casta��ar, 1 ♀, 31 -V- 1999, no more data, MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Sevilla: 1 ♂, undated, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ. Soria: Martialay, 1 ♀, 18 -VII- 1989, Garc��a, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; Rello, 1 ♀, 12 -VI- 1990, Garc��a, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Tarragona: Tortosa, 40 Km. Cerca al Rio Ebro, 2 ♂, 16 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Tortosa, W 50 Km., 1 ♀, 20 -III- 1995, Bareŝ, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Valencia: Reserva de Muela de Cortes, 80 Km. SW., 1 ♀, 14 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Valencia Env., 4 ♀, V- 1997, Stary, P. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Valladolid: Castronu��o, 1 ♀, 27 -VII- 1988, Heras, C. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; Fuente del Sol, 1 ♀, 06-VI- 1994, P. Ornosa leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM; Tordesillas, El Vivero, 1 ♂, 15-31 -V- 2005, Gayubo, S. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; 1 ♂, 1-15 -VI- 2005, Gayubo, S. et al. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; Viana de Cega, 1 ♀, 14 -VI- 1993, Entomology, USAL leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; Zamadue��as, 3 ♀, 24 -VI- 1993 and 6 ♀, 05-VII- 1993, Entomology, USAL leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Zaragoza: Pina de Ebro, 1 ♀, 17 -III- 1990, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 1259 masl; 5 ♀, 11 -IV- 1992, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 4572 masl; 4 ♀ and 6 ♂, 25 -III- 1991, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 2837 masl; 1 ♀, 25 -III- 1991, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 2846 masl; 1 ♀ and 5 ♂, 09-III- 1991, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 2758 masl; 1 ♀, 09-IV- 1991, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 2901 masl; 1 ♂, 25 -II- 1990, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 1202 masl. Portugal: Faro: Bela Vista, 1 ♀, 09-VII- 1967, Diniz, M. A. leg., OLINZ. Lisboa: Caparica, 1 ♀, 08-III- 1953, d��Andrade, N. F. leg., OLINZ. Andrena curtula P��rez, 1903 Lectotype: Spain: Barcelona, 1 ♀, 1915, P��rez, J. leg, MPARIS. Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Salamanca: Villarubias, 3 ♀, 19 -VI- 1987, Torres, F. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL. Valladolid: Viana de Cega, 1 ♀, 27 -VI- 1993, Gonz��lez, J. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL. Portugal: Guarda: Covao de Ametade, 1 ♀, 24 - VI- 1987, Torres, F. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL; Penhas Douradas, 4 ♀, 26 -VI- 1987, Torres, F. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL; Ponte de Cabaco, 1 ♀, 24 -VI- 1987, Torres, F. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL; Vale de Rossim, 5 ♀, 24 -VI- 1987, Torres, F. leg., F. Gusenleitner det., USAL. Andrena pauxilla St��ckhert, 1935 France: Nantes: Loire, 1 ♂, 1911, MPARIS., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 487-489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Perez, J. (1895) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes de Barbarie (Diagnoses preliminaires). Bordeaux, 45, 1 - 64.","Perez, J. (1903) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes. Proces - Verbaux de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 58, 78 - 93.","Perez, J. (1911) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes Recueillies en Syrie, en 1908, par M. Henri Gadeau de Kerville. Bulletin de la Societe des Amis des Sciences Naturelles et du Museum de Rouen. Francia, 46, 30 - 47.","Stockhert, E. (1935) Uber einige neue deutsche Arten der Andrena minutula- Gruppe (Hym. Apid). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrif, I (II), 65 - 85. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 193519350102"]}
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14. Andrena (Micrandrena) floricola Eversmann 1852
- Author
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
- Subjects
Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Andrena floricola ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) floricola Eversmann, 1852 Andrena floricola Eversmann 1852: 22 Andrena punctulata Schenck 1853: 133 Andrena ochropyga Alfken 1916: 70 Diagnosis. The female of this species is characterized by an facial fovea that is the same width in the upper and lower areas. It is also identified by the discs of T 1 and T 2, which have a shiny integument, and dense and evident PPs. The metasoma of the male has abundant and evident PPs, and genitalia with obviously broad penis valves. Specimens examined. Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Barcelona: 1 ♂, undated, MPARIS. Zamora: Fornillos de Aliste, 1 ♂, 02-VIII- 1987, Heras, C. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Other localities: Germany: Bavaria: Abbach a.D., 2 ♂, IV- 1943, Fritz, L., leg., OLINZ. Abensberg Bay., 2 ♀, 14 -V- 1938 / 1 ♀, 07-VI- 1938 / 1 ♂, 24 -VII- 1938 / 1 ♂, 12 -VIII- 1941, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ; Eichst��tt, 1 ♀, 02-VI- 1935, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ; Erlangen, 1 ♀, 07- VI- 1938, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ; Pappenheim, 1 ♀, 14 -VIII- 1932, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. Cologne: Einig, 1 ♂, 04-VII- 1939, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. Armenia: 18 Km. E. Erevan, 1 ♀, 11 -VII- 1963, Soika, A. leg., OLINZ. Bulgaria: Melnik, 2 ♀, 30 -V- 1967, Kocourek leg., OLINZ; Sandanski, 1 ♀, 1-8 -VI- 1967, Kocourek, leg., OLINZ; Slan��ev, Brjag, 1 ♂, VI- 1968, Posp��ŝil leg., OLINZ. France: Pyrenees, Font Romeu, 1 ♀, 11 -VII- 1965, Vecht, J. leg., OLINZ; Prauthoy, Marne, 2 ♂, 14 -VII- 1959, OLINZ; in Achillea sp. [Asteraceae] Royan, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, without more data, MPARIS; Nantes, 1 ♂, No. 1156, MPARIS; Nantes, 1 ♂, without more data, MPARIS. Greece: Lamia, 1 ♀, 15 -IV- 1963, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Olympia, 1 ♀, 18 -VIII- 1978, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Macedonia: Prilep, 2 ♀, 1 -VI- 1968, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ. Czech Republic: Moravia, S��rdice, 1 ♂, 28 -V- 1942, Zavadil, V., leg., OLINZ. Turkey: Ayvalik, 1 ♀, 13 -IV- 1965, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Hakari: Sivelan, 1 ♀, 18 -V- 19725 / 3 ♂, 18 -V- 1972, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Konia: Saray��n��, 1 ♀, 10 -V- 1964, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Karakurt ? Arastal, 1 ♀, 22 -V- 1972, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Eversmann, E. (1852) Fauna Hymenopterologica Volgo - Uralensis. Bulletin de la Societe imperiale des naturalistes de Moscou, 25 (2), 1 - 137.","Schenck, A. (1853) Nachtrag zu der Beschreibung nassauischer Bienenarte. Jahrbucher des Nassauischen Vereins fur Naturkunde, 9, 88 - 307.","Alfken, J. D. (1916) Uber zweite Arten der Andrena parvula- Gruppe. (Hym.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1916, 68 - 92."]}
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15. Andrena (Micrandrena) subopaca Nylander 1848
- Author
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
- Subjects
Andrenidae ,Andrena subopaca ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) subopaca Nylander, 1848 Andrena subopaca Nylander 1848: 221 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by an extensive process of labrum that occupies, at its base, about 0.5 of the lower margin of the clypeus. The scutum shows a dull microsculpture and shallow PPs. The metasoma has inconspicuous PPs. Specimens examined. Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Segovia: Valsain, Navalpino, 1 ♂, 06-VI- 1979, C. P-I��igo leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM. Other localities: Germany: Bavaria: Allg��uer, Alpen, Umg. Oberstdorf, 1 ♀, VII- 1949, St��cklein, F., leg., Gr��nwaldt, W. det., OLINZ; Dachau, 2 ♂, 27 -IV- 1963 / 3 ♀, 02-VI- 1963 / 1 ♂, 05-IV- 1964 / 1 ♂, 19 -IV- 1964 / 1 ♀ and 1 ♂, 15 -V- 1980 / 2 ♀, 23 -V- 1980 / 4 ♀, 11 -VI- 1980, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Erlangen, 1 ♂, 5 -V- 1916 / 3 ♂, 07-V- 1928 / 1 ♂, 12 -VI- 1932 / 1 ♂, 15 -V- 1937, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ; Garching, 1 ♀, 13 -VI- 1963, Warncke, K. leg., OLINZ; Munich, Herzogspark, 1 ♀, 25 -V- 1944, St��cklein, F., leg., Gr��nwaldt, W. det., OLINZ; Pappenheim, 1 ♂, 5 -V- 1928 / 4 ♂, 5 -V- 1933, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ. Starnberger: Seegebiet, 1 ♀, 05-VI- 1942 / 1 ♀, 31 -VII- 1943, / 1 ♀, 12 -VI- 1944, / 1 ♀, 10 -V- 1950, St��cklein, F., leg., Gr��nwaldt, W. det., OLINZ; Seegebiet, M��hital, 1 ♀, 06-VI- 1948, St��cklein, F., leg., Gr��nwaldt, W. det., OLINZ; Starnberger, 2 ♀, 11 - V- 1940 and 1 ♀, 06-VI- 1940, St��cklein, F., leg., Gr��nwaldt, W., det., OLINZ; Starnberger, 1 ♂, 18 -V- 1939, St��cklein, F., leg., St��cklein, F. det., OLINZ. Saxony-Anhalt: Naumburg, Saaletal, 1 ♂, 15 -IV- 1946, Bl��thgen leg., Bl��thgen det., MBERLIN. Etiopia: Dajet, 1 ♀, 11 -IV- 1973, Perez, M. leg., MJ. Dardon det., UCM. Greece: Florina (N. Museum Leidem), 1 ♂, 05-V- 1971, Vecht, J., leg., OLINZ, in Veronica chamaedrys L. [Plantaginaceae]. Hungary: Budapest, 1 ♀, VI- 1927, St��ckhert leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on page 491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Nylander, W. (1848) Adnotationes in expositionem monographicam apum borealium. Notiser ur Sallskapets pro Fauna et Flora Fennica Forhandlinger, 1, 165 - 282. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66897"]}
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16. Andrena (Micrandrena) tenuistriata Perez 1895
- Author
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Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix, and Ornosa, Concepci��n
- Subjects
Andrenidae ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Andrena ,Animalia ,Andrena tenuistriata ,Biodiversity ,Hymenoptera ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Andrena (Micrandrena) tenuistriata P��rez, 1895 Andrena tenuistriata P��rez 1895: 44 (Lectotype examined) Andrena pilosella Destefani 1889: 207 Diagnosis. Individuals of this species are characterized by an facial fovea that is clearly narrowed in the lower half. The integument of the body looks weak. The scutum and scutellum have scarce and shallow PPs that are intermingled with the microsculpture. Redescription based on lectotype. Female: Body length 7���8 mm. The body has a dark brown integument. There is a scarce pubescence that is whitish to yellowish-white in color. Head: The genal area, frons, paraocular area, and supraclypeal area have a shiny microsculpture. On the genal area, the hypostoma has thin, large, and separated striations. The frons and paraocular area also have fine striations, and under the facial fovea, the smooth, shiny integument has PPs. The area bounded by the apical margin of compound eye, the lateral ocellus, and the top edge of the occiput have a microsculpture and obvious PBHs. The facial fovea is long, clearly exceeding the lower edge of the antennal socket, and it is narrowed in the lower half. The facial fovea has a velvety pubescence that is dark in color (with artificial light it appears whitish-iridescent). The antennae are brown, although towards the apex they are paler, A 3 ���A 4 +A 5. The clypeus is convex, and slightly flattened at the center, with an absent microsculpture and shiny integument in the apical area. The top has shallow PPs that become coarse toward the lower region, E= 1���3. The process of labrum is black, wider than it is long, and surrounded by yellow hairs. The head has a whitish pubescence equal in length to A 1, but in the genal area and paraocular area it becomes longer. Mesosoma: The pronotum has a dull microsculpture, with PPs and a pubescence in the middle area. The scutum and scutellum also have a microsculpture that is brighter in the middle zone. Both have observable, but shallow PPs, except in the anterior region of the scutum where they are more dense and obvious, E= 1���4. The mesepisternum has a smooth microsculpture and bulky PBHs that are whitish and reach the length of A 1, E= 1���2. The metanotum has a coarse-dull microsculpture with PPs. The propodeal triangle is defined with a central area having a fine granular appearance, while about 0.3 of the top space has short and thick striations. The rest of the propodeum has a microsculpture and small clear PBHs. The wings have a brown tone, and at rest they reach the apex of the metasoma. The veins are brown in color. The legs are also brown, and the mediotarsus, distitarsus, and tarsal claw are paler. There is a whitish pubescence, except on the inner side of the basal area of the tibia, which is brown. The mesosoma has a short pubescence on the sides of the scutum, however, over the scutellum and metanotum it is long and visible. Metasoma: The metasomal terga have a fine, smooth, and shiny microsculpture, with small, obvious PPs that are more evident on the sides (some individuals have more distinct PPs on the disc). The metasomal terga, at least T 2, have the same microsculpture as in the marginal zones. The marginal zones are not marked, and occupy 0.4 times the length of the terga, especially in T 1 and T 2. The metasomal bands of whitish hair are exceptionally thin, and in T 2 and T 3 they are widely discontinuous, and less clear in T 4 (in some specimens they are imperceptible). The disc has apical bands of hair covering the entire width of the terga that is scarce and interrupted at T 2 and T 3, while in T 4 it is complete. T 5 is covered with a yellowish pubescence, whereas the sides have whitish hairs as in the rest of the metasoma. Male: Body length 5���6 mm. The integument is black with a brown metasoma and legs. The pubescence is yellow-brown to yellow-gray, and the metasoma has scarce hair. In general, the male is similar to the female in morphology. Head: The frons and paraocular area have striations which are stronger than those of the female. The antennae are thick and orange, with A 3 =A 5 but A 3 Andrena minutula (Kirby, 1802). The gonostylus is elongated and the penis valve reaches the maximal width of the gonostylus. Comment. Gusenleitner & Schwarz (2002) redescribed this species and indicated, as one of the main attributes, the shiny lower margin of the clypeus because of a weak or absent microsculpture. After reviewing a large number of specimens, it can be noted that this characteristic appears in most of these specimens, although some individuals show a microsculpture over the entire surface of the clypeus, and an absence of a particular brightness in the lower extreme. Like Andrena abjecta P��rez, 1895, A. tenuistriata presents a morphology that is different from the rest of the species of the subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) in the Iberian Peninsula, and seems close to the subgenus Andrena (Distandrena). However, the ornamentation with thick striations in the propodeal triangle, the shape of the process of the labrum, and the morphology of the male genitalia correspond to the features of Andrena (Micrandrena) and, therefore, should remain there. Specimens examined. Andrena tenuistriata P��rez 1895 Lectotype: France:Bord���, 1 ♀, undated, MPARIS, EY0000002011, Wildbienen Kataster 0 61024 scwe 480. Paralectotype: Spain: Barcelona, 1 ♀, undated, OLINZ. Other material: Iberian Peninsula: Spain: Alicante: Alicante, 1 ♀, undated, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Arneva, 1 ♀, 02-IV- 1934, Andr��u leg., MNCNM. Almer��a: Berja, 50 Km. W., 1 ♀, 21-28 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Las Negras, 50 Km., 7 ♂, 27 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Alhamilla, Lucainena, 7 ♀ and 1 ♂, 25 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Alhamilla, 50 Km. E, Nijar, 4 ♀ and 1 ♂, 20 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra de Mar��a, 25 Km. W., Lorca, 9 ♀, 21 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Filabres, 9 Km. E., Alb��nchez, 2 ♀, 23 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra Filabres, Alb��nchez, 1 ♀, 23 -IV- 2003 / 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ 24 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. ��vila: Candeleda, 1 ♀, V- 1941, Escalera, M. leg., MNCNM. Barcelona: Canet de Mar, 1 ♂, 28 -III- 19631 and 1 ♂, 22 -III- 1965, Verg��s, F. leg., OLINZ; Baleny��, 1 ♂, 15 -V- 1922, Villarubia leg., OLINZ. C��ceres: Hervas, 1 ♀, 29 -IV- 1987, Barrios, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Cuenca: Ca��izares, 1 ♀, undated, Selgas leg., MNCNM. C��rdoba: El Soldado, 1 ♀, 23 -IV- 1927, Seyrig leg., MNCNM; El Soldado, 2 ♂, undated, Seyrig leg., MNCNM. Granada: Sierra Sagra, Santiesteban, 1 ♂, undated, Cabre, J. leg., MNCNM; Sierra Nevada, Lanjar��n, 3 ♀, 04-V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Huelva: Cala��as, 1 ♀, 13 -IV- 1982, Schacht leg., OLINZ; Huelva, 1 ♀, V- 1927, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Huelva, 1 ♀, V- 1927, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ. Madrid: Alberche, 1 ♀, undated, Mercet, G. leg., MNCNM; Casa Campo, 1 ♀, 04-V- 1963, Llorente, R. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., UCM; Cerro San Pedro, 1 ♀, 11 -V- 1979, P-I��igo. C. leg., F. Torres det., USAL; Chamart��n, 1 ♀, 23 -III- 1900 and 1 ♂, 05-IV- 1901, MNCNM; Collado Mediano, 4 ♀, 07-VII- 1979, P-I��igo. C. leg., C. P-I��igo det., UCM; El Chaparral, Navalafuente, 2 ♀, 18 -V- 1979, P-I��igo. C. leg., C. P-I��igo det., UCM; El Escorial, 1 ♀, 14 -II- 1942, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; El Escorial, 1 ♂, 25 -IV- 1933, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; El Pardo, 1 ♀, undated, Gil, J. leg., MNCNM; El Pardo, 1 ♀, 05-IV- 1908, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; El Robledo de Orante, 1 ♀, 09-V- 1979, P-I��igo. C. leg., C. P-I��igo det., UCM; La Fortuna, 1 ♀, V- 1928, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Los Molinos, 2 ♀, undated, Mercet, G. leg., MNCNM; Madrid, 4 ♀, undated, Mercet, G. leg., MNCNM; Madrid, 1 ♂, 15 -V- 1915, Mercet, G. leg., MNCNM; Montarco, 1 ♀, undated, Mercet, G. leg., MNCNM; Pedriza, Cerro Ortiyeso?, 1 ♀, 23 -V- 1979, P- I��igo. C. leg., C. P-I��igo det., UCM; Rivas, 1 ♀, 01-V- 1920, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Robledo de Chavela, 1 ♂, 09-V- 1979, P-I��igo. C. leg., F. Torres det., USAL; Sierra de Guadarrama, 1 ♀, 14 -V- 1919, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Villaverde, 1 ♂, 17 -III- 1906 / 1 ♀, 31 -III- 1908 / 1 ♂, 26 -III- 1912, Dusmet, J. leg., OLINZ; Villaviciosa, 2 ♀, undated, Escalera, M. leg., MNCNM. M��laga: Ronda, 20 Km. NE, 1 ♂, 30 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Yunquera, 40 Km W., 5 ♀, 29 -IV- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ, at 800 masl. Murcia: Cartagena, Mar Minor, 30 Km. E., 3 ♀ and 7 ♂, 13 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Sierra de Espu��a, 20 Km. SW, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂, 11 -V- 2003, Halada, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ. Pontevedra: Vigo, 1 ♀, 23 -IV- 1926 and 1 ♂, 25 -IV- 1926, Trautmann, W. leg., MNCNM. Salamanca: Bejar Ca. Aldeacipreste, 2 ♂, 04-II- 1978 / 1 ♀, 05-III- 1978 / 1 ♀, 13 -III- 1978, Gayubo, S.F. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL, at 780 masl. Sevilla: Mar?, 1 ♀, 11 -V- 1995, Ju��sel? leg., MJ.Dard��n det., OLINZ. Tarragona: Alcanar, 1 ♀, V- 2002, Kadlec, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., OLINZ; Tortosa, 50 Km. W., 2 ♀, 20 -III- 1995, Bareŝ, J. leg., MJ.Dard��n det., OLINZ. Valencia: Bigastro, 1 ♀, 22 -IV- 1924, Andr��u leg., OLINZ; Orihuela, 1 ♀, 01-III- 1906, Dusmet, J. leg., MNCNM; Orihuela, 1 ♀, 08-IV- 1926, Andr��u leg., OLINZ; Orihuela, Escalona, 1 ♀, 08-V- 1926, Andr��u leg., OLINZ. Valladolid: La Armadilla, Cogeces del Monte, 1 ♂, 04-VI- 1983, Asensio leg., USAL. Zamora: Toro, 1 ♀, 29 -VI- 1982, Asensio leg., USAL; Zamora, 1 ♀, 23 -VIII- 1986, Unegaszo, M. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL. Zaragoza: Pina de Ebro, 1 ♀, 02-IV- 1989 / 1 ♀, 17 -III- 1990 / 1 ♀, 22 -IV- 1990 / 1 ♀, 20 -II- 1991 / 1 ♀, 0 9 -III- 1991 / 1 ♀, 07- V- 1991 / 1 ♀, 20 -III- 1992 / 3 ♀, 10 -IV- 1992 / 3 ♀, 11 -IV- 1992, Blasco, J. leg., MJ. Dard��n det., USAL; Zaragoza, 1 ♀, 09-III- 1949 and 1 ♂, 28 -IV- 1933, OLINZ. Portugal: Lisbon: Lisbon, 1 ♂, 18 -V- 1952 / 1 ♀, 08-II- 1953 / 1 ♀, 29 -III- 1953, Andrade, R. leg., OLINZ., Published as part of Dard��n, Mar��a Jos��, Torres, F��lix & Ornosa, Concepci��n, 2014, The subgenus Andrena (Micrandrena) (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 467-497 in Zootaxa 3872 (5) on pages 491-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/228298, {"references":["Perez, J. (1895) Especes Nouvelles de Melliferes de Barbarie (Diagnoses preliminaires). Bordeaux, 45, 1 - 64.","Destefani, T. (1889) Miscellanea Imenotterologica Sicula. Naturalista siciliano, 8, 203 - 208.","Kirby, W. (1802) Monographia apum Angliae; or, An attempt to divide into their naturla genera and families, such species of the Linnean genus Apis as have been discovered in England; with descriptions and observations. Vol. 1. &. 2. Ipswich, 258 pp. & 388 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10346","Gusenleitner, F. & Schwarz, M. (2002) Nomenklatorische Aktualisierungen in der Bienengattung Andrena sowie Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Andreninae). Entomofauna, 21 (10), 105 - 116."]}
- Published
- 2014
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17. Effet protecteur des cellules souches mésenchymateuses sur les cellules épithéliales alvéolaires hypoxiques par modulation de la balance oxydant/antioxydant
- Author
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Jeny, F., primary, Planès, C., additional, and Dard, N., additional
- Published
- 2014
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18. Les cellules souches mésenchymateuses réduisent l’apoptose des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires induite par l’hypoxie en modulant la signalisation antioxydante
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Bernard, O., primary, Jeny, F., additional, Dondi, E., additional, Uzunhan, Y., additional, Sivarajah, S., additional, Vanneaux, V., additional, Larghero, J., additional, Nunès, H., additional, Planès, C., additional, and Dard, N., additional
- Published
- 2014
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19. Protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells des (MSC) on hypoxia induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC)
- Author
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Uzunhan, Y, primary, Randrianarison, N, additional, Marchant, D, additional, Dard, N, additional, Larghero, J, additional, and Planes, C, additional
- Published
- 2012
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20. Tunable biomimetic materials elaborated by ice templating and self-assembly of collagen for tubular tissue engineering.
- Author
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Martinier I, Fage F, Kakar A, Castagnino A, Saindoy E, Frederick J, Onorati I, Besnard V, Barakat AI, Dard N, Martinod E, Planes C, Trichet L, and Fernandes FM
- Subjects
- Humans, Porosity, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Collagen Type I chemistry, Animals, Tissue Engineering, Biomimetic Materials chemistry, Ice
- Abstract
Synthetic tubular grafts currently used in clinical context fail frequently, and the expectations that biomimetic materials could tackle these limitations are high. However, developing tubular materials presenting structural, compositional and functional properties close to those of native tissues remains an unmet challenge. Here we describe a combination of ice templating and topotactic fibrillogenesis of type I collagen, the main component of tissues' extracellular matrix, yielding highly concentrated yet porous tubular collagen materials with controlled hierarchical architecture at multiple length scales, the hallmark of native tissues' organization. By modulating the thermal conductivity of the cylindrical molds, we tune the macroscopic porosity defined by ice. Coupling the aforementioned porosity patterns with two different fibrillogenesis routes results in a new family of tubular materials whose textural features and the supramolecular arrangement of type I collagen are achieved. The resulting materials present hierarchical elastic properties and are successfully colonized by human endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells on the luminal side, and by human mesenchymal stem cells on the external side. The proposed straightforward protocol is likely to be adapted for larger graft sizes that address ever-growing clinical needs, such as peripheral arterial disease or tracheal and bronchial reconstructions.
- Published
- 2024
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21. Crosstalk and spatiotemporal regulation between stress-induced MAP kinase pathways and pheromone signaling in budding yeast.
- Author
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Van Drogen F, Dard N, Pelet S, Lee SS, Mishra R, Srejić N, and Peter M
- Subjects
- Time Factors, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Pheromones metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism, Saccharomycetales metabolism, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
Budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae , has been widely used as a model system to study cellular signaling in response to internal and external cues. Yeast was among the first organisms in which the architecture, feedback mechanisms and physiological responses of various MAP kinase signaling cascades were studied in detail. Although these MAP kinase pathways are activated by different signals and elicit diverse cellular responses, such as adaptation to stress and mating, they function as an interconnected signaling network, as they influence each other and, in some cases, even share components. Indeed, various stress signaling pathways interfere with pheromone signaling that triggers a distinct cellular differentiation program. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this crosstalk are still poorly understood. Here, we review the general topology of the yeast MAP kinase signaling network and highlight recent and new data revealing how conflicting intrinsic and extrinsic signals are interpreted to orchestrate appropriate cellular responses.
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- 2020
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22. Intermittent Hypoxia Increases the Severity of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury in Mice.
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Gille T, Didier M, Rotenberg C, Delbrel E, Marchant D, Sutton A, Dard N, Haine L, Voituron N, Bernaudin JF, Valeyre D, Nunes H, Besnard V, Boncoeur E, and Planès C
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Hypoxia, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Bleomycin adverse effects, Lung Injury etiology, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive complications
- Abstract
Background: Severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) is common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here, we evaluated the impact of IH on bleomycin- (BLM-) induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice., Methods: C57BL/6J mice received intratracheal BLM or saline and were exposed to IH (40 cycles/hour; FiO
2 nadir: 6%; 8 hours/day) or intermittent air (IA). In the four experimental groups, we evaluated (i) survival; (ii) alveolar inflammation, pulmonary edema, lung oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes; (iii) lung cell apoptosis; and (iv) pulmonary fibrosis., Results: Survival at day 21 was lower in the BLM-IH group ( p < 0.05). Pulmonary fibrosis was more severe at day 21 in BLM-IH mice, as assessed by lung collagen content ( p = 0.02) and histology. At day 4, BLM-IH mice developed a more severe neutrophilic alveolitis, ( p < 0.001). Lung oxidative stress was observed, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase expression was decreased in BLM-IH mice ( p < 0.05 versus BLM-IA group). At day 8, pulmonary edema was observed and lung cell apoptosis was increased in the BLM-IH group., Conclusion: These results show that exposure to chronic IH increases mortality, lung inflammation, and lung fibrosis in BLM-treated mice. This study raises the question of the worsening impact of severe OSA in IPF patients.- Published
- 2018
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23. Mesenchymal stem cells reduce hypoxia-induced apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells by modulating HIF and ROS hypoxic signaling.
- Author
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Bernard O, Jeny F, Uzunhan Y, Dondi E, Terfous R, Label R, Sutton A, Larghero J, Vanneaux V, Nunes H, Boncoeur E, Planès C, and Dard N
- Subjects
- Alveolar Epithelial Cells physiology, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Male, Mesenchymal Stem Cells physiology, Pulmonary Alveoli physiology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Signal Transduction, Alveolar Epithelial Cells cytology, Apoptosis, Hypoxia physiopathology, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Pulmonary Alveoli cytology, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism
- Abstract
Distal lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis or acute lung injury, are commonly associated with local alveolar hypoxia that may be deleterious through the stimulation of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) apoptosis. In various murine models of alveolar injury, administration of allogenic human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) exerts an overall protective paracrine effect, limiting lung inflammation and fibrosis. However, the precise mechanisms on lung cells themselves remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether hMSC-conditioned medium (hMSC-CM) would protect AECs from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and explored the mechanisms involved in this cytoprotective effect. Exposure of rat primary AECs to hypoxia (1.5% O
2 for 24 h) resulted in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein stabilization, partly dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and in a twofold increase in AEC apoptosis that was prevented by the HIF inhibitor 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzyl-indazole and the antioxidant drug N-acetyl cysteine. Incubation of AECs with hMSC-CM significantly reduced hypoxia-induced apoptosis. hMSC-CM decreased HIF-1α protein expression, as well as ROS accumulation through an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. Expression of Bnip3 and CHOP, two proapoptotic targets of HIF-1α and ROS pathways, respectively, was suppressed by hMSC-CM, while Bcl-2 expression was restored. The paracrine protective effect of hMSC was partly dependent on keratinocyte growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor secretion, preventing ROS and HIF-1α accumulation.- Published
- 2018
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24. Mesenchymal stem cells protect from hypoxia-induced alveolar epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Uzunhan Y, Bernard O, Marchant D, Dard N, Vanneaux V, Larghero J, Gille T, Clerici C, Valeyre D, Nunes H, Boncoeur E, and Planès C
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Hypoxia, Cell Line, Connective Tissue Growth Factor metabolism, Lung metabolism, Male, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Signal Transduction physiology, Alveolar Epithelial Cells metabolism, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition physiology, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Administration of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) reduces lung inflammation, fibrosis, and mortality in animal models of lung injury, by a mechanism not completely understood. We investigated whether hMSC would prevent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by hypoxia in primary rat alveolar epithelial cell (AEC). In AEC cultured on semipermeable filters, prolonged hypoxic exposure (1.5% O2 for up to 12 days) induced phenotypic changes consistent with EMT, i.e., a change in cell morphology, a decrease in transepithelial resistance (Rte) and in the expression of epithelial markers [zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), E-cadherin, AQP-5, TTF-1], together with an increase in mesenchymal markers [vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)]. Expression of transcription factors driving EMT such as SNAIL1, ZEB1, and TWIST1 increased after 2, 24, and 48 h of hypoxia, respectively. Hypoxia also induced TGF-β1 mRNA expression and the secretion of active TGF-β1 in apical medium, and the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), two inducers of EMT. Coculture of AEC with hMSC partially prevented the decrease in Rte and in ZO-1, E-cadherin, and TTF-1 expression, and the increase in vimentin expression induced by hypoxia. It also abolished the increase in TGF-β1 expression and in TGF-β1-induced genes ZEB1, TWIST1, and CTGF. Finally, incubation with human recombinant KGF at a concentration similar to what was measured in hMSC-conditioned media restored the expression of TTF-1 and prevented the increase in TWIST1, TGF-β1, and CTGF in hypoxic AEC. Our results indicate that hMSC prevent hypoxia-induced alveolar EMT through the paracrine modulation of EMT signaling pathways and suggest that this effect is partly mediated by KGF., (Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society.)
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- 2016
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25. Conditioned media from mesenchymal stromal cells restore sodium transport and preserve epithelial permeability in an in vitro model of acute alveolar injury.
- Author
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Goolaerts A, Pellan-Randrianarison N, Larghero J, Vanneaux V, Uzunhan Y, Gille T, Dard N, Planès C, Matthay MA, and Clerici C
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis, Biological Transport, Cell Hypoxia, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Conditioned, Dinoprostone metabolism, Epithelial Sodium Channels metabolism, Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 metabolism, Humans, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein metabolism, Male, Paracrine Communication, Pulmonary Alveoli pathology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Alveolar Epithelial Cells metabolism, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism, Sodium metabolism
- Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or their media (MSC-M) were reported to reverse acute lung injury (ALI)-induced decrease of alveolar fluid clearance. To determine the mechanisms by which MSC-M exert their beneficial effects, an in vitro model of alveolar epithelial injury was created by exposing primary rat alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) to hypoxia (3% O2) plus cytomix, a combination of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. MSC-M were collected from human MSCs exposed for 12 h to either normoxia (MSC-M) or to hypoxia plus cytomix (HCYT-MSC-M). This latter condition was used to model the effect of alveolar inflammation and hypoxia on paracrine secretion of MSCs in the injured lung. Comparison of paracrine soluble factors in MSC media showed that the IL-1 receptor antagonist and prostaglandin E2 were markedly increased while keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) was twofold lower in HCYT-MSC-M compared with MSC-M. In AECs, hypoxia plus cytomix increased protein permeability, reduced amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current (AS-Isc), and also decreased the number of α-epithelial sodium channel (α-ENaC) subunits in the apical membrane. To test the effects of MSC media, MSC-M and HCYT-MSC-M were added for an additional 12 h to AECs exposed to hypoxia plus cytomix. MSC-M and HCYT-MSC-M completely restored epithelial permeability to normal. MSC-M, but not HCYT-MSC-M, significantly prevented the hypoxia plus cytomix-induced decrease of ENaC activity and restored apical α-ENaC channels. Interestingly, KGF-deprived MSC-M were unable to restore amiloride-sensitive sodium transport, indicating a possible role for KGF in the beneficial effect of MSC-M. These results indicate that MSC-M may be a preferable therapeutic option for ALI., (Copyright © 2014 the American Physiological Society.)
- Published
- 2014
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26. Hypoxia-induced inhibition of epithelial Na(+) channels in the lung. Role of Nedd4-2 and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
- Author
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Gille T, Randrianarison-Pellan N, Goolaerts A, Dard N, Uzunhan Y, Ferrary E, Hummler E, Clerici C, and Planès C
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Cell Hypoxia, Cells, Cultured, Disease Models, Animal, Endocytosis, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Epithelial Sodium Channels deficiency, Epithelial Sodium Channels drug effects, Epithelial Sodium Channels genetics, Hypoxia genetics, Male, Membrane Potentials, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Mucociliary Clearance, Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases, Proteasome Inhibitors pharmacology, Pulmonary Alveoli drug effects, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Sodium Channel Blockers pharmacology, Time Factors, Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport metabolism, Epithelial Cells enzymology, Epithelial Sodium Channels metabolism, Hypoxia enzymology, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex metabolism, Pulmonary Alveoli enzymology, Sodium metabolism, Ubiquitin metabolism, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism
- Abstract
Transepithelial sodium transport via alveolar epithelial Na(+) channels (ENaC) and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase constitutes the driving force for removal of alveolar edema fluid. Alveolar hypoxia associated with pulmonary edema may impair ENaC activity and alveolar Na(+) absorption through a decrease of ENaC subunit expression at the apical membrane of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). Here, we investigated the mechanism(s) involved in this process in vivo in the β-Liddle mouse strain mice carrying a truncation of β-ENaC C-terminus abolishing the interaction between β-ENaC and the ubiquitin protein-ligase Nedd4-2 that targets the channel for endocytosis and degradation and in vitro in rat AECs. Hypoxia (8% O2 for 24 h) reduced amiloride-sensitive alveolar fluid clearance by 69% in wild-type mice but had no effect in homozygous mutated β-Liddle littermates. In vitro, acute exposure of AECs to hypoxia (0.5-3% O2 for 1-6 h) rapidly decreased transepithelial Na(+) transport as assessed by equivalent short-circuit current Ieq and the amiloride-sensitive component of Na(+) current across the apical membrane, reflecting ENaC activity. Hypoxia induced a decrease of ENaC subunit expression in the apical membrane of AECs with no change in intracellular expression and induced a 2-fold increase in α-ENaC polyubiquitination. Hypoxic inhibition of amiloride-sensitive Ieq was fully prevented by preincubation with the proteasome inhibitors MG132 and lactacystin or with the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine. Our data strongly suggest that Nedd4-2-mediated ubiquitination of ENaC leading to endocytosis and degradation of apical Na(+) channels is a key feature of hypoxia-induced inhibition of transepithelial alveolar Na(+) transport.
- Published
- 2014
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27. Orientation of mitotic spindles during the 8- to 16-cell stage transition in mouse embryos.
- Author
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Dard N, Louvet-Vallée S, and Maro B
- Subjects
- Animals, Blastomeres cytology, Blastomeres metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Mitosis, Time Factors, Embryo, Mammalian cytology, Embryo, Mammalian metabolism, Embryonic Development, Spindle Apparatus metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Asymmetric cell divisions are involved in the divergence of the first two lineages of the pre-implantation mouse embryo. They first take place after cell polarization (during compaction) at the 8-cell stage. It is thought that, in contrast to many species, spindle orientation is random, although there is no direct evidence for this., Methodology/principal Findings: Tubulin-GFP and live imaging with a spinning disk confocal microscope were used to directly study spindle orientation in whole embryos undergoing the 8- to 16-cell stage transition. This approach allowed us to determine that there is no predetermined cleavage pattern in 8-cell compacted mouse embryos and that mitotic spindle orientation in live embryo is only modulated by the extent of cell rounding up during mitosis., Conclusions: These results clearly demonstrate that spindle orientation is not controlled at the 8- to 16-cell transition, but influenced by cell bulging during mitosis, thus reinforcing the idea that pre-implantation development is highly regulative and not pre-patterned.
- Published
- 2009
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28. Inactivation of aPKClambda reveals a context dependent allocation of cell lineages in preimplantation mouse embryos.
- Author
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Dard N, Le T, Maro B, and Louvet-Vallée S
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Lineage, Cell Polarity, Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Female, Male, Mice, Microscopy, Video methods, Mitosis, RNA Interference, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Tight Junctions, Blastocyst cytology, Blastocyst metabolism, Isoenzymes metabolism, Protein Kinase C metabolism
- Abstract
Background: During mammalian preimplantation development, lineage divergence seems to be controlled by the interplay between asymmetric cell division (once cells are polarized) and positional information. In the mouse embryo, two distinct cell populations are first observed at the 16-cell stage and can be distinguished by both their position (outside or inside) and their phenotype (polarized or non-polarized). Many efforts have been made during the last decade to characterize the molecular mechanisms driving lineage divergence., Methodology/principal Findings: In order to evaluate the importance of cell polarity in the determination of cell fate we have disturbed the activity of the apical complex aPKC/PAR6 using siRNA to down-regulate aPKClambda expression. Here we show that depletion of aPKClambda results in an absence of tight junctions and in severe polarity defects at the 16-cell stage. Importantly, we found that, in absence of aPKClambda, cell fate depends on the cellular context: depletion of aPKClambda in all cells results in a strong reduction of inner cells at the 16-cell stage, while inhibition of aPKClambda in only half of the embryo biases the progeny of aPKClambda defective blastomeres towards the inner cell mass. Finally, our study points to a role of cell shape in controlling cell position and thus lineage allocation., Conclusion: Our data show that aPKClambda is dispensable for the establishment of polarity at the 8-cell stage but is essential for the stabilization of cell polarity at the 16-cell stage and for cell positioning. Moreover, this study reveals that in addition to positional information and asymmetric cell divisions, cell shape plays an important role for the control of lineage divergence during mouse preimplantation development. Cell shape is able to influence both the type of division (symmetric or asymmetric) and the position of the blastomeres within the embryo.
- Published
- 2009
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29. Morphogenesis of the mammalian blastocyst.
- Author
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Dard N, Breuer M, Maro B, and Louvet-Vallée S
- Subjects
- Animals, Blastomeres physiology, Cell Differentiation physiology, Cell Division physiology, Embryo, Mammalian physiology, Mice, Blastocyst physiology, Embryonic Development physiology, Morphogenesis physiology
- Abstract
The first 4 days of mouse pre-implantation development are characterized by a period of segmentation, including morphogenetic events that are required for the divergence of embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages. These extra-embryonic tissues are essential for the implantation into the maternal uterus and for the development of the foetus. In this review, we first discuss data showing unambiguously that no essential axis of development is set up before the late blastocyst stage, and explain why the pre-patterning described during the early phases (segmentation) of development in other vertebrates cannot apply to mammalian pre-implantation period. Then, we describe important cellular and molecular events that are required for the morphogenesis of the blastocyst.
- Published
- 2008
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30. Scaffold proteins in MAP kinase signaling: more than simple passive activating platforms.
- Author
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Dard N and Peter M
- Subjects
- Allosteric Regulation, Animals, Enzyme Activation, Substrate Specificity, Cell Compartmentation, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism
- Abstract
Due to the central position of scaffold proteins in numerous signaling networks, especially in MAPK pathways, considerable efforts have been made to identify new scaffolds and to characterize their function and regulation. Most of our knowledge stems from studies of yeast MAPK scaffolds, but the identification of such scaffolds in higher eukaryotes provided a new dimension to this field and led to exciting and promising new insights into the regulation of MAPK signaling. In this review, we shortly summarize the well-established basic functions of scaffolds in yeast and highlight concepts emerging from recent studies in yeast and higher eukaryotes. In particular, we discuss how scaffolds may actively influence MAPK signaling by inducing conformational changes of bound kinases or substrates, by controlling the localization of activated MAPK and the extent and output of MAPK activation, and by modulating MAPK kinetics through the recruitment of phosphatases or ubiquitin-ligases. Finally, we summarize the current knowledge of scaffold regulation, and how these events may be functionally important for MAPK signaling.
- Published
- 2006
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31. Phosphorylation of ezrin on threonine T567 plays a crucial role during compaction in the mouse early embryo.
- Author
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Dard N, Louvet-Vallée S, Santa-Maria A, and Maro B
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Substitution genetics, Animals, Cell Adhesion genetics, Cell Adhesion physiology, Cell Polarity genetics, Cell Polarity physiology, Cytoskeletal Proteins, DNA Primers, Female, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Immunohistochemistry, Luminescent Proteins, Microinjections, Microscopy, Electron, Microscopy, Video, Microvilli genetics, Morula physiology, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Phosphoproteins genetics, Phosphoproteins physiology, Phosphorylation, Amino Acid Substitution physiology, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Mice embryology, Microvilli physiology, Morula ultrastructure, Phosphoproteins metabolism, RNA, Messenger metabolism
- Abstract
The preimplantation development of the mouse embryo leads to the divergence of the first two cell lineages, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. The formation of a microvillus pole during compaction at the eight-cell stage and its asymmetric inheritance during mitosis are key events in the emergence of these two cell populations. Ezrin, a member of the ERM protein family, seems to be involved in the formation and stabilization of this apical microvillus pole. To further characterize its function in early development, we mutated the key residue T567, which was reported to be essential for regulation of ezrin function through phosphorylation. Here, we show that expression of ezrin mutants in which the COOH-terminal threonine T567 was replaced by an aspartate (to mimic a phosphorylated residue; T567D) or by an alanine (to avoid phosphorylation; T567A) interferes with E-cadherin function and disrupts the first morphogenetic events of development: compaction and cavitation. The active mutant ezrin-T567D induces the formation of numerous and abnormally long microvilli at the surface of blastomeres. Moreover, it localizes all around the cell cortex and inhibits cell-cell adhesion and cell polarization at the eight-cell stage. During the following stages, only half of the embryos are able to compact and finally to cavitate. In those embryos, the amount of ezrin-T567D decreases in the basolateral areas, while the proportion of adherens junctions increases. The reverse inactive mutant ezrin-T567A is mainly cytoplasmic and does not perturb compaction at the eight-cell stage. However, at the 16-cell stage, it relocalizes at the basolateral cortex, leading to a strong decrease in the surface of adherens junctions, and finally, embryos abort development. Our results show that ezrin is directly involved in the formation of microvilli in the early mouse embryo. Moreover, they indicate that maintenance of ezrin in basolateral areas prevents microvilli breakdown and inhibits the formation of normal cell-cell contacts mediated by E-cadherin, thereby impairing blastomeres polarization and morphogenesis of the blastocyst.
- Published
- 2004
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32. In vivo functional analysis of ezrin during mouse blastocyst formation.
- Author
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Dard N, Louvet S, Santa-Maria A, Aghion J, Martin M, Mangeat P, and Maro B
- Subjects
- Animals, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Embryology methods, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Luminescent Proteins, Mice, Microscopy, Video, Morphogenesis, Mutation, Phosphoproteins genetics, Phosphoproteins metabolism, Recombinant Fusion Proteins isolation & purification, Recombinant Fusion Proteins metabolism, Sequence Deletion, Blastocyst ultrastructure, Phosphoproteins isolation & purification
- Abstract
During mouse blastocyst formation, a layer of outer cells differentiates in less than 48 h into a functional epithelium (the trophectoderm). Ezrin, an actin-binding structural component of microvilli in epithelial cells, is also involved in signal transduction and ionic pump control. In the mouse embryo, ezrin becomes restricted to the apical cortex of all blastomeres at compaction and of outer cells at later stages. Here we investigated the function of ezrin in living embryos during epithelial differentiation using mutant forms of ezrin tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP-tagged wild-type ezrin (Ez/GFPc) behaved like endogenous ezrin and did not interfere with development. Deletion of the last 53 amino acids (Delta53/GFP) changed the localization of ezrin: after compaction, Delta53/GFP remained associated with the apical and basolateral cortex in all blastomeres, and its expression slightly disturbed the cavitation process. Finally, full-length ezrin with GFP inserted at position 234 (Ez/GFPi) was localized all around the cortex throughout development, although it was concentrated at the apical pole after compaction. In embryos expressing Ez/GFPi, the duration of the 16-cell stage was reduced, while the onset of cavitation was delayed. Moreover, cavitation was abnormal, and the blastocoele was small and retracted almost completely several times as if there were major leakages of blastocoelic fluid. Our results suggest that, in addition to its role in microvilli organization, ezrin is involved in the formation of a functional epithelium through a still unknown mechanism., (Copyright 2001 Academic Press.)
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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33. A major posttranslational modification of ezrin takes place during epithelial differentiation in the early mouse embryo.
- Author
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Louvet-Vallée S, Dard N, Santa-Maria A, Aghion J, and Maro B
- Subjects
- Animals, Blastocyst physiology, Cell Communication, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Epithelium embryology, Female, Glycosylation, Mice, Microvilli physiology, Pregnancy, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Rabbits, Embryo, Mammalian metabolism, Phosphoproteins metabolism, Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Abstract
The preimplantation development of the mouse embryo leads to the formation of two populations of cells: the trophectoderm, which is a perfect epithelium, and the inner cell mass. The divergence between these two lineages is the result of asymmetric divisions, which can occur after blastomere polarization at compaction. The apical pole of microvilli is the only asymmetric feature maintained during mitosis and polarity is reestablished only in daughter cells that inherit all or a sufficient part of this pole. To analyze the role of ezrin in the formation and stabilization of the pole of microvilli, we isolated and cultured inner cell masses (ICM). These undifferentiated cells can differentiate very quickly into epithelial cells. After isolation of the ICMs, ezrin relocalizes at the cell cortex before the formation of microvilli. This redistribution occurs in the absence of protein synthesis. The formation of microvilli at the apical surface of the outer cells of ICM correlates with a major posttranslational modification of ezrin. We show here that this posttranslational modification is not controlled by a serine/threonine kinase but an O-glycosylation may partially contribute to it. These data suggest that ezrin has at least two roles during development. First, ezrin may be involved in the formation of microvilli because it localizes at the cell cortex before microvilli appear in ICMs. Second, ezrin may stabilize the pole of microvilli because it is modified posttranslationally when microvilli form.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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