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The time of integration of germline-targeting Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) retroposons, such as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), can be estimated by assessing the nucleotide divergence between the LTR sequences flanking the viral genes. Due to the viral replication mechanism, both LTRs are identical at the moment of integration, when the provirus becomes part of the host genome. After that time, proviral sequences evolve within the host DNA. When the mutation rate is known, nucleotide divergence between the LTRs would then be a measure of time elapsed since integration. Though frequently used, the approach has been complicated by the choice of host mutation rate and, to a lesser extent, by the method selected to estimate nucleotide divergence. As a result, outcomes can be incompatible with, for instance, speciation events identified from the fossil record. The review will give an overview of research reporting LTR-retroposon dating, and a summary of important factors to consider, including the quality, assembly, and alignment of sequences, the mutation rate of foreign DNA in host genomes, and the choice of a distance estimation method. Primates will here be the focus of the analysis because their genomes, ERVs, and fossil record have been extensively studied. However, most of the factors discussed have a wide applicability in the vertebrate field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminological scholarship underscores that marriages or stable partnerships are key turning points toward desistance from crime. Yet, whether people are open to starting a relationship with someone with a criminal record remains underexplored. Researchers have recently explored the effect of criminal records on finding dating partners, but these studies do not account for varying offense severities that may influence consideration of romantic partners. Using a survey design, this study investigates the degree to which various offense conviction types, prior personal and vicarious legal system contact, and demographics influence consideration of dating relationships with someone criminally convicted. Results indicate that age, education, race, political stance, gender, sexuality, prior arrest or conviction, and knowing others who have been incarcerated affected consideration of dating relationships with someone with a conviction, although the association depends on the offense type. This study addresses the important gap of relationship interest, which is a necessary precursor to relationship formation that could enhance desistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examines, for the first time in Canada, the relationship between how different‐sex couples meet and assortative mating on education, race, nativity, and age. Background: Extending research on how the likelihood of heterogamy differed between offline and online dating, this study disentangles the implications of institutional and third‐person influences from those of online dating for configuring the patterns of heterogamy and gender asymmetry in assortative mating. Method: Data from a 2018 national survey are analyzed using (multinomial) logit models. Results: Educational heterogamy and nativity heterogamy are higher, but age heterogamy appears lower, in online than offline dating. Next, specific channels of offline dating—formal institutions, social ties, and other channels—are distinguished and compared with online dating. Online dating tends to entail higher educational and nativity heterogamy (vs. meeting through formal institutions), higher racial and nativity heterogamy but lower age heterogamy (vs. meeting through social ties), and higher educational heterogamy (vs. meeting through other offline channels). Further considering gender asymmetry shows that online dating is associated with higher educational hypergyny (more‐educated man, less‐educated woman) than meeting through other offline channels; higher nativity hypogyny (immigrant man, native‐born woman) than meeting offline (overall, formal institutions, social ties); and lower age hypergyny (older man, younger woman) than meeting offline through social ties. Conclusion: The findings help untangle the roles of institutional, social, and digital forces in shaping assortative mating. They illustrate the importance of leveraging theoretically informed comparisons to understand how online and offline dating configures assortative mating and its gender‐asymmetric patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings from a qualitative research project examining the dating narratives of single migrant men residing in Sweden and Italy. The study, analyzing 48 interviews with individuals from Syrian, Polish, Bangladeshi and Romanian backgrounds, along with ethnographic observations, employs a theoretical framework rooted in sexual capital theory and critical studies on men and masculinities. The analysis sheds light on the challenges faced by heterosexual single migrant men in their pursuit of intimate partners, attributing these difficulties to lower levels of social, economic and cultural capital, as well as the influence of their specific masculinities, which may be perceived as less attractive within the host societies. The paper argues that the migrant experience can be viewed as a distinctive sexual field wherein individuals encounter unique dynamics and obstacles in the realm of intimate relationships. The implications of these findings extend beyond the personal experiences of migrant men, offering insights into the broader socio-cultural landscape of host societies and the complex interplay between migration, masculinity and intimate relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals in dating and marital relationships experience various transgressions that require forgiveness (e.g., hurtful communication, mistrust, lies, or infidelity). This study examines forgiveness-granting strategies in the context of forgiveness tendency, relationship length, commitment, satisfaction, and relational consequences to better understand relationship dynamics. 649 individuals (532 dating, 117 married), aged 18–65 (M = 26.00, SD = 8.82) participated. The sample included 517 women (79.7 %) and 132 men (20.3 %). Participants described a forgiven transgression and completed questionnaires, including the Multidimensional Forgiveness-Granting Scale (MFGS), Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), and the commitment subscale from the Investment Model Scale. One open-ended question (types of forgiven transgressions) was analyzed consensually. Quantitative data were analyzed using correlational analysis, regression analysis, and t-tests. The most common transgression was infidelity. A linear regression analysis showed that the strongest positive predictor of relationship satisfaction was the tendency to forgive one's partner. Nonverbal displays positively predicted relationship strengthening, while the discussion strategy predicted relationship deterioration negatively. These findings emphasize the importance of how forgiveness is communicated and may inform interventions to enhance romantic relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Race and attraction studies are gaining popularity as conceptual frameworks explore the associations between racism, color blindness, race, and attraction. This study investigates the association between race and attraction by examining the connection between racial ideologies and bias. Same‐race bias in attraction is well documented in existing literature. This study explores whether the strength of same‐race bias is associated with color‐blind racial ideology, multiculturalism, and racial group membership. A sample of 374 Black and White young adults rated the attractiveness of six dating profiles. The results indicated that some associations between same‐race attraction and racial ideologies are moderated by participant race. Among White participants, greater color‐blind racial ideology was associated with stronger attraction to same‐race targets. By contrast, among Black participants, an opposite trend existed as greater color‐blind racial ideology was associated with a decrease in same‐race bias. Additionally, multiculturalism was associated with a decrease in same‐race bias among White participants. Further findings indicate that Black women and White men reported lower attraction to other‐race targets than Black men and White women. This study offers new insights into understanding racial bias in romantic attraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romantic compatibility is theorized to play a crucial role in the success and stability of romantic relationships, although evidence to date has been somewhat indirect. Previous experimental findings suggest that those lower, relative to higher, in self‐concept clarity find it more challenging to evaluate similarity (i.e., a contributor to compatibility) in prospective romantic partners. The current research extends these findings by directly examining self‐concept clarity and romantic partner (in)compatibility in real‐world experiences. Across two retrospective studies (N = 340), we found that those lower, relative to higher, in self‐concept clarity dated incompatible others more frequently, experienced greater difficulty judging compatibility, and were less decisive in their dating decisions. They also experienced greater dating‐related negative affect but did not report lower satisfaction in past dating. Exploratory mediation analyses further suggest that such individuals experienced greater dating‐related negative affect through dating incompatible others more often. Specifically, they were more likely to date incompatible others if they found it harder to judge compatibility and were less decisive in dating. These results suggest that individuals with a confused personal identity (i.e., low in self‐concept clarity) may find it more challenging to evaluate potential dating partners, leading them to rule out incompatible ones less often. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

True sawflies (Tenthredinoidea) have a substantial fossil record but are rarely encountered in Eocene ambers. Here we describe three new taxa in this superfamily from late Eocene ambers. †Rovnotaxonus aristovi gen. et sp. nov. is the first true sawfly reported from Rovno amber. Based primarily on characters in the fore wing venation, we assign the new taxon to Tenthredinidae: Allantinae: Allantini. We also describe two new species of Diprionidae from Baltic amber: †Eodiprion pectinatus sp. nov. from a female specimen and †Monodiprion gladius gen. et sp. nov. from a male previously reported as †Eodiprion sp. by Schedl (2008); we redescribe †Eodiprion Schedl, 2007 and provide emended diagnoses of the genus and of †Eodiprion groehni Schedl, 2007. We integrate all these fossils as well as †Sambia Vilhelmsen and Engel, 2012 (Tenthredinidae: Tenthredininae) previously described from Baltic amber in a combined data set assembled from previously published morphological and molecular data sets. We analyse the combined data set in a Bayesian framework and implement RoguePlots to evaluate the positions of the fossils. The diprionid fossils are unequivocally placed inside Diprionidae, in a polytomy with extant members of Diprioninae; the Monocteninae, the other subfamily currently recognized in the family, is not retrieved as monophyletic. †Rovnotaxonus is placed inside Allantinae and shares some characters with Taxonus. †Sambia is placed near the base of Tenthredininae. The evaluation of the phylogenetic position of the fossils treated here will make them available for future dating analyses of Tenthredinoidea, helping to further elucidate the evolutionary history of this significant lineage of herbivorous insects. Possible reasons for the comparatively low abundance of true sawflies in late Eocene ambers are discussed. . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time work has served as part of the conceptual framework for research that explores the connection between agency and temporal experience. We advance this line of inquiry by asking how temporal agency is refracted through the lens of gender when people use the Tinder dating app. Our analysis is based on 44 semistructured interviews with Tinder users in Romania conducted between 2019 and 2022. Tinder is designed to promote a fast-paced dating dynamic, but our findings show that people customize various dimensions of their temporal experience, including duration, frequency, sequence, timing, allocation, and stealing time. Users strive to develop temporal tactics that suit their dating aims while typically adhering to gendered expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, there are significant deficiencies in the absolute chronology of research on the Muisca period. Recently, a pioneering study has been carried out in Colombia using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method for dating ceramic sherds, obtaining ages between AD 665 and 1049 for the early and late periods, respectively. This paper presents new absolute dates obtained by archaeomagnetic dating on ceramic fragments and compares these new ages with those obtained by EPR, in addition to providing new absolute data to the chronology of the Muisca culture. The ceramic samples corresponding to the Early Muisca period were characterized by a high magnetic instability observed in the thermomagnetic curves, so these samples were discarded for the archaeointensity experiments and it was not possible to obtain their probable chronological intervals. In contrast, six specimens of pottery associated with the Late Muisca period provided reliable dates, yielding a time frame between AD 810 and 1005, which is consistent with the determination made by EPR under uncertainty. Accepting these new estimates on the dating of the site, the current temporal classification for the Late Muisca period (AD 1200-1600) seems unsustainable. Therefore, it is essential to reconsider and update the chronological phases for the Muisca culture based on the analysis of different ceramic sherds from other excavations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The IntCal family of radiocarbon (14C) calibration curves is based on research spanning more than three decades. The IntCal group have collated the 14C and calendar age data (mostly derived from primary publications with other types of data and meta-data) and, since 2010, made them available for other sorts of analysis through an open-access database. This has ensured transparency in terms of the data used in the construction of the ratified calibration curves. As the IntCal database expands, work is underway to facilitate best practice for new data submissions, make more of the associated metadata available in a structured form, and help those wishing to process the data with programming languages such as R, Python, and MATLAB. The data and metadata are complex because of the range of different types of archives. A restructured interface, based on the "IntChron" open-access data model, includes tools which allow the data to be plotted and compared without the need for export. The intention is to include complementary information which can be used alongside the main 14C series to provide new insights into the global carbon cycle, as well as facilitating access to the data for other research applications. Overall, this work aims to streamline the generation of new calibration curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temporal and spatial variation in radiocarbon (14C) in the atmosphere has been the subject of investigation from the first pioneering work of Libby and Arnold. However, as the precision of measurements has improved, now by almost two orders of magnitude, what constitutes a significant variation has also changed. Furthermore, it has become possible to test degrees of variation over much longer timescales and with ever wider geographic coverage. As knowledge has improved, the interpretation of 14C measurements has had to be revised. These re-evaluations, and the loss of chronological precision that comes with accurate calibration, have often been seen as an unfortunate drawback in the 14C dating method. However, these problems have stimulated extensive research in global 14C records, statistical methods for dealing with complex 14C data, and measurement methods. This research has provided a wealth of information useful for other scientific challenges, most notably the quantification of the global carbon cycle, but also enabled, in the right circumstances, measurement precision an order of magnitude better than if there had been no variation in atmospheric 14C. Challenges remain but the research undertaken for 14C calibration has, through its ingenuity and innovation, provided rich scientific dividends in both chronology and broader geoscience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic associations of online dating in a demographically diverse U.S. national cohort of early adolescents.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Year 2, 2018-2020, ages 11-12; N = 10,157). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, household income, parental education) and early adolescent-reported online dating behaviors.ResultsOverall, 0.4% (n = 38) of participants reported ever using a dating app. Males (AOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.11-6.78) had higher odds of online dating compared to females, and sexual minority identification (e.g., lesbian, gay, or bisexual; AOR 12.97, 95% CI 4.32-38.96) was associated with greater odds of online dating compared to heterosexual identification.ConclusionGiven the occurrence of online dating among early adolescents despite age restrictions, interventions might address age misrepresentation. Adolescent sexual health education may consider incorporating anticipatory guidance on online dating, especially for males and sexual minorities. Future research could further investigate online dating patterns from early to late adolescence and associated health effects.

The paper inquires into the dating and provenance of a particular ‘Mother of God Eleousa’ from a Muscovite private collection. Is this icon a work of Italian or Byzantine art? The icon went through commercial restoration in Moscow, which could have distorted its painting and complicated the tasks of its dating and attribution. Numerous interventions and tinting, especially on the damaged face of the Mother of God, were clearly visible as early as the winter of 2021–2022; now most of these have been removed, although still not completely. The aim of that restoration was probably to create the illusion of a purely Byzantine icon for commercial purposes. The author suggests that the icon is not a Byzantine monument, but was created by an Italian master guided by a Byzantine model. Byzantine influence is present in this icon as much as it was inherent in Italian art of the 13th century and widespread in various artistic centers of this time. The icon’s origin could be Sicily or South of Italy. However, additional detailed research is needed to definitely confirm such attribution. So far, Italian provenance seems to be best substantiated. The versions of dating to the end of the 13th century or to the first quarter of the same century both do not seem convincing. The reminiscences of Late Comnenian art cannot be considered as a decisive dating indicator because their presence had been found during a very long period of time, including monuments of the late 13th century. Preliminary dating points at the middle of the 13th century or even at the period between the 1230s and 1260s. Мы касаемся в публикации лишь двух, основных, с нашей точки зрения, тем: произведением итальянского или византийского искусства является икона «Богоматерь Умиление» из московского частного собрания и каковы могут быть основные вехи для её датировки. Икона пережила в Москве коммерческие реставрации, что могло исказить её живопись. Ещё зимой 2021-2022 гг. были хорошо видны многочисленные вмешательства и тонировки, особенно на пострадавшем лике Богоматери, большая часть из них теперь удалена, хотя и до сих пор не полностью. Задачей той реставрации, вероятно, было создать иллюзию чисто византийской иконы в коммерческих целях. Предварительно можно заключить, что обсуждаемая икона не является византийским памятником, но создана итальянским мастером. Возможно, итальянский художник создавал её, ориентируясь на византийский образец. В её стиле нет чисто византийских черт, византийское влияние присутствует в ней настолько, насколько оно было присуще итальянскому искусству XIII в. и распространено в разных центрах и в разные периоды этого столетия. Версия о происхождении иконы с Сицилии или с юга Италии вполне правдоподобна, возможно, она верна. Однако для окончательного обоснования такой атрибуции нужно провести дополнительное детальное современное исследование. Пока определение иконы как итальянского произведения представляется наиболее осторожным и взвешенным. Датировки памятника концом XIII в. или первой четвертью столетия не представляются убедительными. Реминисценции позднекомниновского искусства встречаются ещё очень долго, в том числе и в памятниках конца XIII в., их присутствие не может рассматриваться как датирующий признак. Предварительная датировка, как нам представляется, может быть связана с серединой XIII в. или ширес периодом между 1230-ми и 1260-ми годами.

In 2023, during the study of the Odoevsky hillfort, a zoomorphic figurine made of bone was found. It was discovered in a layer together with ceramics of the Vyatka-Vetluzh culture of the Ananyinsky cultural and historical region (AKIO). The individual finds identified in the cultural layer of the Odoevsky hillfort are not original, and are widespread throughout the territory of the AKIO. The attribution of this product made it possible to define it as a partial image of a horse's head to the shoulders. According to the manufacturing technology, the figurine belongs to relief images and is a non-utilitarian object, most likely a pendant that was sewn on clothes. According to a combination of features: iconography, analogies, accompanying finds in the cultural layer and radiocarbon dating, the time of production of this product was established – the end of the V – middle of the IV centuries BC. And this is not accidental, since it was in the late period that the tradition of depicting a horse in AKIO flourished.

Dating er et sosialt fenomen som stadig fremmes gjennom ulike populærkulturelle og mediale plattformer. Et sentralt omdreiningspunkt i den offentlige debatten er at menneskers erfaring med å initiere og etablere et kjæresteforhold – spesielt ved hjelp av datingapplikasjoner – er svært utfordrende. I denne artikkelen, basert på et utvalg av episoder fra to norske podkaster, utforsker vi «ekspertsnakk» for å synliggjøre sosiale normer og idealer som dominerer og kompliserer samtidens datingpraksiser. Ved hjelp av analytiske prinsipper inspirert av institusjonell etnografi, konkretiserer vi flere spenningsforhold knyttet til ekspertenes fremstilling av dating som en risikosport. Vi har utviklet fire tematikker som på ulike måter viser hvordan rådende sosiale normer tilsynelatende kolliderer med menneskelige behov og genuine ønsker om kjærlighet: (1) Perfeksjonisme: overflatesurfing og kriterielister; (2) Attraksjonsfeller: illusjonsbobler og mismatch; (3) Usunn avvisning: spøkelser og reservebenk; (4) Valgets kval: abstinenser og utmattelsessyndrom. En rød tråd gjennom disse tematikkene er at dagens datingpraksis, slik den medieres av digitale datingapplikasjoner, skaper bestemte typer mennesker og interaksjoner som paradoksalt nok blir et hinder for å utvikle romantiske relasjoner.

Dating silk mounting textiles is important for understanding their condition and susceptibility to degradation. Amino acid racemization is a technique currently used for this purpose. The research presented here aimed to clarify when this technique is reliable and when it is not. Silk fibers taken from a cocoon and from Japanese mounting textiles were studied using optical microscopy to document surface roughness. Chiral capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry for amino acid racemization dating (AAR), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for dye analysis, and FTIR for analysis of sericin and other materials adhering to the silk were also used. A change from rough fiber surfaces (greater than a hundred years old) to smooth fiber surfaces (less than a hundred years) was found. This correlated with the time of the introduction of Western degumming methods in Japan. Synthetic dyes were not found on the earlier silk fibers with rough surfaces. AAR dating measurements on rough surfaced fibers with remaining sericin correlated better with the estimated age of the silk fabrics than fibers with smooth surfaces, suggesting the technique should only be used for silk fibers with rough surfaces. A screening method for fibers for AAR analysis was outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dating of landslide movements is a unique opportunity to learn about their past in the absence of archival data. Dendrogeomorphic methods, based on the study of tree rings, offer an exceptional combination of accuracy and temporal range of dating. However, most landslide studies to date have been based on the analysis of macroscopic growth disturbances in trees. In doing so, the use of anatomical growth responses may be more advantageous in some aspects. Thus, this study aims to introduce the spectrum of anatomical growth responses in trees induced by landslide movements for their dating, substantiating their advantages and limitations, and comparing them with each other. Samples from roots and trunks of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) growing on a landslide of known time of occurrence (May 2010) were used. Geophysical ERT measurements were performed to test the assumption of subsurface influence of landslide movements on tree growth. Based on the results focused on the intensity of changes in vessel lumen area (VLA) and percentage changes of VLA within the tree ring, anatomical changes identified in four different geomorphic situations on the landslide with expected different effects of landslide movements on tree growth were compared with each other. Responses in tree roots were generally significantly stronger compared to those in tree trunks. However, the short time series and difficult cross-dating of roots can be considered as a disadvantage. On the other hand, the identification of anatomical responses in trees with straight trunks (until now practically not used in landslide research) allows a significant expansion of the number of trees usable for landslide dating in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romantic relationships are normative in adolescence, and parents can play a role in supporting or restricting adolescents' romantic experiences. This study examined parents' involvement in adolescents' romantic relationships in a sample of 226 Mexican‐origin families. Findings indicated that, on average, mothers were more supportive of adolescents' romantic relationships than fathers, and parents were more supportive of daughters than of sons. Fathers' (but not mothers') Mexican cultural orientations were associated with greater restrictions on adolescents' romantic relationships. For mothers of boys, higher levels of familism values were linked to lower levels of support, and for fathers of boys, more traditional gender role attitudes were associated with less support. Also, more parent–youth conflict was associated with greater support from mothers but greater restrictions from both mothers and fathers. Finally, less granted autonomy in early adolescence was associated with greater parental restrictions. Discussion focuses on the nature of mothers' and fathers' involvement in adolescents' romantic relationships. Implications for research and practice highlight the importance of recognizing cultural and relational factors that shape mothers' and fathers' parenting around adolescent dating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation and evolution of large-scale deposits generated by mass movement are often closely related to tectonic and climatic conditions. Investigating deposits under the influence of complex geological conditions can aid in reconstructing paleoenvironmental characteristics and fluvial geomorphic evolution. The First Bend of the Yangtze River (FBYR), located in the Jinsha River basin in southwest China, represents a significant section characterized by abundant allochthonous deposits. We conducted a detailed investigation of the Hongwen allochthonous deposit (HAD) and the river sediments in the First Bend. Through terrain interpretation, dating, and paleoenvironmental analysis, the HAD was determined to be a complex deposit with multiple sources and stages (46.4–33.5 ka), formed under the combined influence of tectonic activity and climate. Three mass-movement events occurred during the interglacial stage of the last glacial period or its transitional period, coinciding with the rapid uplift stage of the Tibetan Plateau since the late Pleistocene. Prominent features of this period include significant rainfall and tectonic activities. By dating fluvial sediments and examining the evolution of the HAD, we revealed a river incision rate of 2.30 mm/yr for the Jinsha River, providing a basis for analyzing periodic river cutting and the development pattern of surface processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sharply polarized political climate may increase the importance single adults place on politics in partner selection. While the importance of politics in dating decisions is not surprising in light of homophily, less is known about how older adults consider political differences in partnering. We answer two questions about older daters and politics: (1) How do older adult daters consider potential partners' political views? and (2) How do perceptions of rising political polarization shape these preferences? We use interview data with 67 adults (aged 55–92) from the Romance and Dating in Later Life study, conducted in Phoenix, AZ, in 2022–2023. Findings show politics are highly salient in partner selection across gender, class, and ideology, suggesting older singles place substantial importance on political views when choosing partners. Many older singles prioritize shared beliefs, while others practice open‐mindedness. Extremist politics, particularly right‐leaning, are viewed as a significant barrier to dating. This study demonstrates how older daters consider political beliefs in dating decisions, particularly considering perceptions of rising polarization. This contributes to research highlighting the role of political ideology in shaping dating decisions by extending the research to include explicit study of mid‐ and late‐life adults, whose dating experiences differ from young adult singles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The relationship between romantic involvement, dating violence, other victimizations, and mental health among adolescents in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic is understudied. Methods: This study analyzed 2021 survey data collected from a representative sample of 9th–12th grade students (n = 10,792) from 24 high schools in a US Midwestern state. Most respondents identified as White, heterosexual, and US‐born, with more than three‐quarters aged 15–17 years. Guided by the poly‐victimization framework, this study explored: (a) How do youth victimizations and mental health concerns differ by their experience of dating and dating violence? (b) What are the associations between youth mental health concerns, victimizations, and dating? Results: Youths reported mental health concerns and victimizations at considerable rates during the COVID‐19 pandemic when in‐person interactions were limited. Those who experienced dating violence were at a higher risk of reporting other victimizations (i.e., unwanted sexual comments, unwanted sexual contact, sexual photos/videos, sex trading for compensation, discrimination, and bullying). The number of victimizations demonstrated a cumulative effect on teen mental health. Most individual victimizations showed significant net associations with mental health concerns, even when controlling for other differing victimizations. Conclusions: Dating violence plays a critical role in the interconnectedness of victimizations, and the number of victimizations has a cumulative effect on teen mental health. The high prevalence of youth victimizations during the time when in‐person interactions were limited suggests that victimizations may transfer from in‐person forms to virtual forms and occur offline. Implications for individual and community prevention and interventions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current body of literature is weighted to the female perspective in exploring the perception and experience of romantic relationships. The paucity of literature on the male perspective provides an opportunity to highlight the unique masculine view attached to relationships. The current scoping review is aimed at summarizing the available literature about the perception and experience of men in various romantic, heterosexual relationship contexts. The findings were drawn from 163 studies published in the last 10 years that were extracted from multiple databases, including SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Pubmed. The current masculine perceptions associated with romantic relationships were captured and grouped through four contexts: man as a relational being, man in a state of singleness, man as a partner, and man as a parent. Power and sex appear to be the key drivers of research about men across relationship contexts. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the current research gap and providing clearer directions in research about romantic relationships that take into account the perspectives of men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of media illiteracy on adolescents' and youths' mental growth is underrated in most of the developing countries. Notwithstanding, media influences almost everything in today's life among adolescents and youths. Early sexual debut, time balance between academics and dating issues, and unrealistic expectations from partners continue to cause endless cries among dating adolescents and youths. This study explored the effect of media illiteracy among adolescents and youths on three behaviors; learning engagement in higher education, setting dating or couple goals, and sexual attitudes and behavior. From a total of 1037 (66.2% male and 33.8% female) valid questionnaire responses, the results indicated that adolescents and youths are major victims of media misinformation, obstructing them from accessing the factual truth about intimacy and sexuality. Media illiteracy negatively affects decisions about sexual intimacy and related behaviors. Adolescents' and youths' sexual permissiveness is prejudiced by lack of skills, knowledge, and understanding of how to decipher credible information from social media platforms. Conclusively, media literacy is essential to access and identify authentic information for different purposes, especially for decisions on sexuality and intimacy. Benefits are immense only if an accurate intellectual framework is cultivated to find, understand, evaluate and use information from various media platforms properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The earliest Miocene (Aquitanian, 23–20 Ma) remains a critically under-sampled 'dark age' in cetacean evolution. This is especially true of baleen whales (mysticetes), Aquitanian specimens of which remain almost entirely unknown. Across the globe, the nature of the cetacean fossil record radically shifts at the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, with mysticetes and some archaic odontocete lineages suddenly disappearing despite the availability of cetacean-bearing rock units. New Zealand is the only place worldwide where this change is not readily apparent, with baleen whales apparently persisting into the earliest Miocene. Whether this is a genuine pattern has so far remained obscured by a lack of biostratigraphic resolution associated with the Oligo-Miocene boundary. Here, we report 23 new strontium (87Sr/86Sr) dates from Lentipecten shells associated with 16 mysticete and seven odontocete specimens, respectively. Of these, eight fall within the Early Miocene and seven – including five mysticetes – specifically within the Aquitanian. Our findings confirm the unique nature and global importance of the cetacean fossil record from New Zealand, and provide a foundation for investigations into the causes and effects of the Early Miocene cetacean 'dark age'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining accurate radiocarbon (14C) results from wood samples requires the extraction of cellulose. In the past, this has been done using different combinations of methods including acidified bleaching, acid-base-acid, and strong bases. This often becomes a time-consuming task in most analyses, especially when single ring isotope chronologies are needed from wood samples. Using 14C and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we tested four different pretreatment methods to determine their ability to produce high quality cellulose. We then adjusted the best methods to determine a method for pretreating wood laths of multiple rings. A sequence of base-acid-base-acid-bleach + strong base (BABAB+) and BABAB produced the most accurate results when compared to the Bomb20 Northern Hemisphere Zone 1 curve with an average difference in Δ14C of 1.3‰ and 5.8‰ respectively. These methods were adjusted to pretreat an entire wood lath and a comparison of the FTIR results suggest that our adjusted BABAB+ and BABAB produced high quality cellulose comparable to that of an individually pretreated ring. The possibility to pretreat wood lath samples has the potential to more than double the number of tree rings which can be pretreated in a week. This is a significant reduction in time when creating long tree ring chronologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diachronica is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Humans have considerably influenced accumulation rates and sediment composition in lake deposits. Due to near‐continuous accumulation, lakes and reservoirs are an excellent archive of these anthropogenic influences. The Urft Reservoir in the Eifel Mountains, western Germany, provides a unique record of the human influence on the landscape for the past 115 years. In 2020 and 2021, 24 cores and 23 surface samples were obtained from the bottom of the, by that time drained, reservoir. Grain size, heavy metals, weathering signatures and microplastic were analysed. For the chronology, caesium‐137 and microplastic were used. Using the first occurrence of microplastic as well as different plastic types for dating was not successful. However, a distinct layer with a high number of microplastic particles could be traced back to a fire in 1991 and was used as an additional stratigraphic marker in the age‐depth model. A period of relatively high accumulation rates in the reservoir occurred in the mid‐1950s and was related to enhanced construction works in the local valleys. Analysis of heavy metal content in the reservoir sediments shows a strong connection to historical changes in ore industry in the valley of the Urft. Stricter environmental protection laws and the decline of the metal processing industry resulted in a reduced input of lead, copper and zinc in the reservoir until the mid‐1980s. Since then, heavy metal content has remained relatively constant. A major flooding event in July 2021 did not lead to the remobilisation of older contaminated deposits as indicated by low heavy metal content in flood deposits. Accordingly, also the microplastic content is not increasing following the extreme event. Due to the degree of weathering of the flood deposits, it is argued that mainly hillslope material was transported into the Urft and subsequently into the Urft Reservoir during this event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss the dating recently proposed by Davoust (2024) for the astrolabe of the Preaching Friars in the Musée des Arts Précieux in Toulouse (France). The proposed dating (1550 +/- ?) is based on an assessment of precession. I show that a detailed study of the star positions on the rete, supplemented by various scientific and historical criteria, suggests that this dating is not acceptable; in fact, it remains uncertain, but we can assume that the instrument was made one or two centuries earlier [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid technological advancements have revolutionized the dating experiences of emerging adults. This study explored perceptions of information and communication technology within emerging adult romantic relationships and examined what young adults perceived to be the costs and benefits of using technology to communicate in dating relationships. Emerging adults (N = 118) from diverse backgrounds completed a semi‐structured interview and thematic analysis was conducted on the interview responses. Several themes were identified that highlighted the positive influence of technology on relationship communication (e.g., greater efficiency), relationship development, and relationship maintenance. Despite several benefits, broad negative impacts of technology were also identified, including less privacy in relationships, and oversharing of relationship information online. The findings provide context for how technology has influenced relationship dynamics among emerging adults and can be useful to inform modern theories of romantic relationship development and relationship interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to investigate the dynamics of gender roles by focusing on the standpoint of women users of the feminist dating app Bumble. This app has emerged in Indonesia as one of the most popular platforms to meet potential partners, and it has provided a unique setting to examine how traditional and evolving gender roles manifest in online dating. By first analyzing women users' behaviors, preferences, and interactions, this study sheds light on how gender roles and cultural norms influence the dating experience in the digital realm. Qualitative interviews were conducted with ten dating app users to gain deeper insights into their experiences, and the results were analyzed using the phenomenology method. This qualitative component explores the subjective perceptions, expectations, and challenges associated with gender roles in the dating app context. The study's findings illuminate the evolution of dating dynamics in Indonesia and reveal notable shifts in the dating landscape. Challenges such as "ghosting" and "relationshopping" emerge, which underscore the nuanced interplay of agency and hesitancy in the quest for meaningful connections. While Bumble empowers women users, it also highlights the delicate balance between newfound agency, societal expectations, and emotional vulnerabilities. These findings highlight the need for future research to consider diverse gender identities, sexual orientations, demographic ranges, and regional variations. Continual investigation is imperative to monitor the evolving nature of dating apps and their impact on societal norms amidst technological advancements and shifting social contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education is the property of Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Greek literary papyri, which are unique witnesses of antique literature, do not usually bear a date. They are thus currently dated based on palaeographical methods, with broad approximations which often span more than a century. We created a dataset of 242 images of papyri written in "bookhand" scripts whose date can be securely assigned, and we used it to train algorithms for the task of dating, showing its challenging nature. To address data scarcity, we extended our dataset by segmenting each image into its respective text lines. By using the line-based version of our dataset, we trained a Convolutional Neural Network, equipped with a fragmentation-based augmentation strategy, and we achieved a mean absolute error of 54 years. The results improve further when the task is cast as a multi-class classification problem, predicting the century. Using our network, we computed precise date estimations for papyri whose date is disputed or vaguely defined, employing explainability to understand dating-driving features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxic Relationship is an event when you feel hurt, feel disadvantaged, feel uncomfortable, feel insecure, lack of affection, and the victim feels intimidated. The impact can flatten fear and traumu and make it difficult to interact socially. The method used in this study is qualitative with a phenomenological approach by explaining the phenomenon of experience that has been carried out by one of the individuals experienced with real events. The object was obtained by several subjects with data sources coming from interviews and data analysis was carried out by data reduction, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are two forms of violence, namely verbal violence and physical violence. Most of the problems obtained are about the bad treatment of their partners. This causes the victim to feel inferior and triggers his mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter advances understandings of emotion work by examining how "doing gender" and "doing health" are implicated in the pursuit of emotional tranquility. The study examines the role of hair loss in women's illness narratives of cancer using in-depth interviews with 16 white women in the US Northwest who vary in age, marital status, diagnoses, and treatments. The absence of women's hair presents an appearance of illness that prevents them from doing femininity, which calls into question their health status because of Western beauty standards. To overcome this barrier, the women use emotion work to manage the effects of their appearance through necessarily co-occurring bodily, cognitive, and expressive strategies (Hochschild, 1979). The required emotion work during women's hair loss makes explicit the symbolic linking of the healthy body with the feminine body through women's head hair. Pursuing treatment for cancer is often seen as a "fight" or a "battle" against the disease and the bodily assaults of such treatments, including unwanted visible bodily changes. A substantial body of empirical work has established the complex web of social psychological problems associated with breasts and breast cancer, but less attention has been given to the side effect of hair loss that is common across cancer types and treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]