1,135,199 results on '"Davis, A."'
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2. Back cover
- Author
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
- Published
- 2024
3. Contributors
- Author
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
- Published
- 2024
4. Index
- Author
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
- Published
- 2024
5. Acknowledgments
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
6. 17 Reparations: Democrats, Universalism, and the African American Struggle for Autonomy
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
7. 18 Family Roots of Reparations in the Era of Trump
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
8. 10 America Owes Us for the Ongoing Destruction of Afrikan Life! Reparations Now!
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
9. 12 Reparations in Higher Education: A Scholars for Social Justice Platform
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
10. 15 This Is What Reparations Could Actually Look Like in America
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
11. 16 The Socialist Case for Reparations
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
12. 14 Taking the United States to Court: Callie House and the 1915 Cotton Tax Reparations Litigation
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
13. 13 Industrial Slavery and Dietary Deprivation: Expanding the Case for Black Reparations
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
14. Part II. Reparations: Articles and Essays
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
15. 11 Reparations Plan
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
16. 9 What Is Reparations?
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
17. 3 Reparations: An Issue Whose Time Has Come
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
18. 8 Pursuing a Reparatory Justice Agenda for Global Africa
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
19. 5 Reparations to Fund Alternatives to Mass Incarceration of African American Youth
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
20. 1 The National/International Summit: Seizing the Moment to Galvanize the US and Global Reparations Movement
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
21. 4 Ten Reasons Why the Pesky Issue of Reparations Won't Go Away
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
22. 7 Reparations Means Full Repair: 400 Years of Terror and Crimes Against Humanity
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
23. 6 H.R. 40: Commission to Study and Develop Reparations Proposals for African Americans in the United States
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
24. 2 Providing a Landmark and Frame of Reference for Reparatory Justice
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
25. Part I. Reparations: Speeches and Documents
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
26. An Historical Timeline of Reparations Payments Made from 1783 through 2020 by the United States Government, States,Cities, Religious Institutions, Colleges andUniversities, and Corporations
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
27. Title Page, Copyright
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Henry, Charles P., Jones, Brian, Asante-Muhammad, Dedrick, Collins, Chuck, Stewart, James B, Gretachew, Adom, National African American Reparations Commission, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, New Afrikan Peoples Organization/Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America, Beckles, Hilary McDonald, Howard, Kamm, Lee, Sheila Jackson, Hutchinson, Earl Ofari, Glover, Danny, Jackson Sr, Jesse, Daniels, Ron, Davis, A.J, Franklin, V. P., Berry, Mary Frances, and Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita
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- 2024
28. How HEER Funding Rescued Community Colleges from the Pandemic. ARCC Network Brief
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Columbia University, Community College Research Center (CCRC), National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, University of California, Davis. Wheelhouse: The Center for Community College Leadership and Research, Clive Belfield, Thomas Brock, John Fink, and Davis Jenkins
- Abstract
The Higher Education Emergency Relief (HEER) Fund had two main purposes: (1) to ensure that colleges could continue to provide education to students in the wake of the pandemic and (2) to provide emergency financial assistance through colleges directly to students. Four years after the onset of the pandemic, this ARCC Network brief uses college financial data--including data recently released for fiscal year 2022--to look at what happened to college finances and to assess the importance of HEER funding for the financial solvency of community colleges over the course of the pandemic. The authors find that during the peak years of the pandemic (2020-2022), community colleges lost huge numbers of students: On average, colleges lost 580 full-time-equivalent (FTE) students or 15% of pre-pandemic year-on-year enrollment, whereas college enrollments typically fluctuate by +/-2% each year. The authors also find that federal HEER funding saved community colleges from massive losses in tuition revenue during the pandemic. Instead of losing revenue, HEER funding increased total revenue per college from $81 million to $84 million, covering lost tuition and offsetting new costs associated with the pandemic. HEER funding also provided $4 million in student aid per college, on average, making up for lost resources students experienced during the pandemic. The authors--who also wrote an associated blog post that includes an interactive dashboard on this topic--contend that community colleges are confronting new fiscal challenges post-pandemic. As HEER funding has ended, many community colleges are faced with a difficult fiscal outlook, with increased costs due to inflation and decreased overall enrollments relative to pre-pandemic levels. Navigating these new fiscal realities will be extremely challenging for community colleges, raising new concerns about the viability of many colleges in the post-pandemic era. [This report was written with the Accelerating Recovery in Community Colleges (ARCC) Network.]
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- 2024
29. Lessons from Two Major Evaluations of Guided Pathways. Research Brief
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Columbia University, Community College Research Center (CCRC), Davis Jenkins, Hana Lahr, and Thomas Brock
- Abstract
CCRC recently conducted two major studies to shed light on the feasibility of implementing guided pathways reforms at scale and on the association between implementation and improvements in student outcomes. The first is an evaluation of the AACC Pathways Project, which involved 30 colleges from around the country that were committed to making guided pathways reforms, and the second is an evaluation of guided pathways implementation in three states--Ohio, Tennessee, and Washington State--that launched initiatives to assist colleges across their systems--70 institutions in total--to adopt reforms. This brief summarizes the results of these studies. One of the main findings is that whole-college reform is feasible but takes time--at least five years--to carry out. The authors also find that there is a positive relationship between the scaled implementation of complementary sets of guided pathways practices and some measures of early student momentum in AACC Pathways colleges that made the most progress in implementing guided pathways reforms and in one state (Tennessee) that got an early start on reforms and made good progress; in places that made less progress, the association is weak or not evident. A third major finding is that while students from all backgrounds may benefit from guided pathways reforms, these reforms are not sufficient to close equity gaps between racial and ethnic groups. The authors conclude with five recommendations for community colleges undertaking guided pathways reforms: (1) Offer ongoing case-managed advising by field, predictable schedules, and other supports to help students complete their plans; (2) Remove the obstacle to student success created by prerequisite remediation, particularly in math, and integrate support for students to master college-level courses in their field of study; (3) Take steps to strengthen teaching and learning in program gateway courses, not just math and English composition; (4) Extend tailored guided pathways supports for students from underserved groups; and (5) Build on-ramps to career-path college degree programs for underserved K-12 students after high school.
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- 2024
30. Tracking Transfer: Four-Year Institutional Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor's Degree Attainment
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Columbia University, Community College Research Center (CCRC), Tatiana Velasco, John Fink, Mariel Bedoya, Davis Jenkins, and Tania LaViolet
- Abstract
A bachelor's degree is increasingly necessary for securing a job that pays a family-supporting wage, yet while most community college students aspire to transfer and complete a bachelor's degree, too few make it through to this goal. As is clear from the companion report on community college transfer outcomes, some responsibility for this lies with community colleges. But four-year institutions--which tend to have more financial resources to invest in student success--also need to do more to serve students who transfer from community colleges. These students make up a substantial proportion of four-year enrollments and tend to be more diverse in terms of family income, race, and age than students who start college at a four-year institution. Yet, as this report shows, although more than 80% of community college transfer students are retained into their second year, only about half complete a bachelor's degree within four years after transferring, and completion rates are even lower for low-income, Black, Native American, and older students. This report, which provides first-of-its-kind data on four-year institution outcomes for community college transfer students, is designed to be used by university and state-system leaders to set clear goals for eliminating disparities and expanding transfer opportunity for all students who start at a community college with the dream of earning a bachelor's degree. The analysis in this report offers insights into how effective four-year institutions are in enrolling and supporting community college transfer students. Using data on students who entered four-year institutions in 2015-16, we report on the prevalence of transfer, the retention and bachelor's completion outcomes of community college transfer students, and the extent to which they are represented among graduates in various majors. We disaggregate findings and examine differential outcomes for low-income, Black, Hispanic, and older students (those 25 years old or older). [The authors acknowledge research for this report was conducted through a partnership between the Aspen Institute's College Excellence Program; the Community College Research Center (CCRC) at Teachers College, Columbia University; and the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. Additional funding was provided by Belk Center for Community College Leadership and Research.]
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- 2024
31. Tracking Transfer: Community College Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor's Degree Attainment
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Columbia University, Community College Research Center (CCRC), Tatiana Velasco, John Fink, Mariel Bedoya, Davis Jenkins, and Tania LaViolet
- Abstract
A bachelor's degree is increasingly necessary for securing a job that pays a family-supporting wage, yet while most community college students aspire to transfer and complete a bachelor's degree, too few make it through to this goal. This report, along with the companion report on four-year institutional outcomes, is designed to be used by college, university, and state-system leaders to set clear goals for eliminating disparities and expanding transfer opportunity for all students who start at a community college with the dream of earning a bachelor's degree. The analysis in this report offers several insights into whether transfer pathways from community colleges to four-year institutions are effective for all students. We discuss overall transfer rates and bachelor's completion rates of the 2015 entering cohort of community college students, and further investigate disparities in outcomes for low-income, Black, Hispanic, and older students (students 25 years or older) in comparison to national averages. We also provide a state-by-state look at these outcomes. In a companion report, "Tracking Transfer: Four-Year Institutional Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor's Degree Attainment," we examine what happens to community college students after transferring to a four-year institution by reporting disaggregated measures on the enrollment, retention, and bachelor's completion outcomes of transfer students in the 2015 four-year entering cohort. [The authors acknowledge research for this report was conducted through a partnership between the Aspen Institute's College Excellence Program; the Community College Research Center (CCRC) at Teachers College, Columbia University; and the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. Additional funding was provided by Belk Center for Community College Leadership and Research.]
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- 2024
32. Swift-BAT GUANO follow-up of gravitational-wave triggers in the third LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
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Raman, Gayathri, Ronchini, Samuele, Delaunay, James, Tohuvavohu, Aaron, Kennea, Jamie A., Parsotan, Tyler, Ambrosi, Elena, Bernardini, Maria Grazia, Campana, Sergio, Cusumano, Giancarlo, D'Ai, Antonino, D'Avanzo, Paolo, D'Elia, Valerio, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Dichiara, Simone, Evans, Phil, Hartmann, Dieter, Kuin, Paul, Melandri, Andrea, O'Brien, Paul, Osborne, Julian P., Page, Kim, Palmer, David M., Sbarufatti, Boris, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Troja, Eleonora, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abe, H., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Bai, Y., Baier, J. G., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S. D., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Bogaert, G., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boumerdassi, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. 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C., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhong, S., Zhou, R., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received in low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum--likelihood NITRATES pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15-350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10$^{-3}$ Hz, we compute the GW--BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers., Comment: 50 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
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- 2024
33. Teens Teach Nutrition Virtually to Youth during COVID-19: Improved Leadership Skills and Health Behaviors
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Wendy S. Wolfe, Jacqueline Davis-Manigaulte, Dana M. Wheeler, Emma R. Dhimitri, Josie G. Ford, Kieu A. Phan, and Dylan G. Ratnarajah
- Abstract
The Choose Health Action Teens (CHAT) program of Cornell Cooperative Extension engages teens to teach a nutrition curriculum to younger youth, with the goal of enhancing the leadership skills and health behaviors of the teen teachers. Due to COVID-19, an in-person CHAT program in New York City was converted to virtual and implemented online during Summer 2020. Twelve teens, mentored by eight college interns, taught youth virtually in their homes. Quantitative and qualitative assessments demonstrated improvement in teen leadership and facilitation skills and health behaviors, and suggest that converting this type of programming to a virtual environment can be successful.
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- 2024
34. Amplifying Community Partner Voices in Rural Community Service-Learning Partnerships
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Lauren R. Paulson and Caitlyn Davis
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This mixed-methods study delves into rural community service-learning (CSL) partnerships, shedding light on the complexities and dynamics of collaboration between colleges and rural communities. Through quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the research amplifies the voices of rural community partners, emphasizing the crucial role of trust, communication, and reciprocity. Challenges such as staff demands and organizational mismatches underscore the need for rural institutions to better prepare students and allocate resources to support their community partners effectively. The study advocates for transformative CSL approaches that prioritize community needs and nurture long-lasting collaborations. By providing insights into the impact of CSL on rural partners and organizations, this research offers valuable recommendations for improving future practices and fostering meaningful engagement in both rural and urban settings.
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- 2024
35. Regulation of Social Work Practice in the United States, United Kingdom, and European Economic Area: A Perspective on Governance
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Nickolas B. Davis
- Abstract
Social regulation as a tool is designed to change behavior and ultimately protect the public from some form of harm. In this sense, social work regulation is a tool with the primary goal of public protection. Social work practice regulations vary widely within the United States, and the concept becomes more distorted when examined through an international lens. This manuscript outlines the regulation of social work practice in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Economic Area. Regulation in this context is examined through the framework of governance. Attention is given to the mechanism of regulation that is the regulatory body. The regulation of social work practice in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Economic Area share many similarities and several fundamental differences.
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- 2024
36. Improving Students Access to Primary Health Care through School-Based Health Centers
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Charles R. Davis, Jennifer Eraca, and Patti A. Davis
- Abstract
Background: More than 20 million children in the United States lack access to primary health care. Practice Learning: Research shows that students with regular access to physical and mental health services have fewer absences, are more social, less likely to participate in risky behaviors, have improved focus and higher test scores. Implication For School Health Policy, Practice, And Equity: School-based health centers (SBHCs) can be an important, valuable and viable health care delivery option to meet the full-range of primary health care needs of students where they spend the majority of their wake hours, ie, in school. Children in rural and other underserved communities, as well as those underinsured, non-insured, economically challenged, underserved, and the most vulnerable among us are especially at risk. Conclusions: This paper discusses the history, value, and importance of SBHCs from myriad perspectives, including physical and emotional wellbeing, academic and social success, and the promotion of a positive transition to adulthood. In addition, the authors' experiences that resulted in building the first SBHC in the Mid-Hudson Valley Region of New York State are shared. These experiences form the foundation for creating an important roadmap for individuals and school leaders that are interested in bringing a SBHC to their school and district.
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- 2024
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37. Observation of exotic $J/\psi\phi$ resonances in diffractive processes in proton-proton collisions
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LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Bartz, J., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Beiter, A., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. 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- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The first study of $J/\psi\phi$ production in diffractive processes in proton-proton collisions is presented. The study is based on an LHCb dataset recorded at centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb$^{-1}$. The data disfavour a nonresonant $J/\psi\phi$ production but are consistent with a resonant model including several resonant states observed previously only in $B^+ \to J/\psi\phi K^+$ decays. The $\chi_{c0}(4500)$ state is observed with a significance over $5\sigma$ and the $\chi_{c1}(4274)$ is confirmed with a significance of more than $4\sigma$., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at: https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2023-043.html (LHCb public pages)
- Published
- 2024
38. Study of charmonium production via the decay to $p\bar{p}$ at $\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV$
- Author
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LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Bartz, J., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. Calderon, Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Magalhaes, P. 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Z., Zhao, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, X. Z., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, L. Z., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zhuo, J., Zou, Q., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Charmonium production cross-section in proton-proton collisions is measured at the centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=13\,TeV$ using decays to $p\bar{p}$ final state. The study is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $2.2\,{fb}^{-1}$ collected in 2018 with the $LHCb$ detector. The production cross-section of the $\eta_c$ meson is measured in a rapidity range of $2.0 < y < 4.0$ and in a transverse momentum range of $5.0 < p_{T} < 20.0\,{GeV/\it{c}}$, which is extended compared with previous $LHCb$ analyses. The differential cross-section is measured in bins of $p_{T}$ and, for the first time, of $y$. Upper limits, at 90% and 95% confidence levels, on the $\eta_c(2S)$ and $h_c(1P)$ prompt production cross-sections are determined for the first time., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2024-004.html (LHCb public pages)
- Published
- 2024
39. Amplitude analysis of $B^+ \to \psi(2S) K^+ \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays
- Author
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LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Da Silva, R. Ataide, Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Balzani, L., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Pretel, C. Barbero, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Bartz, J., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battista, P. B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Behling, N. B., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bovill, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A. C., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. 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Juan, Jurik, N., Juszczak, I., Kaminaris, D., Kandybei, S., Kane, M., Kang, Y., Kar, C., Karacson, M., Karpenkov, D., Kauniskangas, A., Kautz, J. W., Keizer, F., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Khreich, G., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kolk, L., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kozachuk, A., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Kreps, M., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kshyvanskyi, O. K., Kubat, J., Kubis, S., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kulikova, E., Kupsc, A., Kutsenko, B. K., Lacarrere, D., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzeroni, C., Gac, R. Le, Lee, H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lehuraux, M., Cid, E. 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- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The first full amplitude analysis of $B^+ \to \psi(2S) K^+ \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays is performed using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ recorded with the LHCb detector. The rich $K^+ \pi^+ \pi^-$ spectrum is studied and the branching fractions of the resonant substructure associated with the prominent $K_1(1270)^+$ contribution are measured. The data cannot be described by conventional strange and charmonium resonances only. An amplitude model with 53 components is developed comprising 11 hidden-charm exotic hadrons. New production mechanisms for charged charmonium-like states are observed. Significant resonant activity with spin-parity $J^P = 1^+$ in the $\psi(2S) \pi^+$ system is confirmed and a multi-pole structure is demonstrated. The spectral decomposition of the $\psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-$ invariant-mass structure, dominated by $X^0 \to \psi(2S) \rho(770)^0$ decays, broadly resembles the $J/\psi \phi$ spectrum observed in $B^+ \to J/\psi \phi K^+$ decays. Exotic $\psi(2S) K^+ \pi^-$ resonances are observed for the first time., Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2024-014.html (LHCb public pages)
- Published
- 2024
40. Search for the rare $\Lambda_c^+ \to p \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay
- Author
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LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Bartz, J., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. Calderon, Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Magalhaes, P. 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Lomba, Long, T., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lynch, K., Lyu, X. -R., Ma, G. M., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Mack, B., Mackay, I., Mackey, L. M., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Madurai, M. M., Maevskiy, A., Magdalinski, D., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malentacca, L., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mancuso, C., Escalero, R. Manera, Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Marchand, J. F., Marchevski, R., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Massafferri, A., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mayencourt, P., Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., McGrath, T. H., McHugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Melnychuk, D., Meng, F. M., Merk, M., Merli, A., Garcia, L. Meyer, Miao, D., Miao, H., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Minotti, A., Minucci, E., Miralles, T., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Modak, A., Mödden, A., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Mombächer, T., Monk, M., Monteil, S., Gomez, A. Morcillo, Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Morgenthaler, M. P., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Mu, Z. M., Muhammad, E., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, K., Muñoz-Rojas, F., Murta, R., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nikitin, N., Nogarolli, P., Nogga, P., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G., Nunez, C., Nur, H. N., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Okhotnikov, A., Okhrimenko, O., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olocco, M., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Panshin, G., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Passaro, D., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patoc, J., Patrignani, C., Paul, A., Pawley, C. J., Pellegrino, A., Peng, J., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Da Costa, H. Pereira, Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perro, A., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Pfaller, J. P., Pham, H., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Casasus, M. Plo, Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Prouve, C., Pugatch, V., Punzi, G., Qasim, S., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Trejo, R. I. Rabadan, Rademacker, J. H., Rama, M., García, M. Ramírez, De Oliveira, V. Ramos, Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Ribatti, R., Ricart, G. R., Riccardi, D., Ricciardi, S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, E., Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Rogovskiy, A., Rolf, D. L., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Lamas, M. Romero, Vidal, A. Romero, Romolini, G., Ronchetti, F., Rotondo, M., Roy, S. R., Rudolph, M. S., Ruf, T., Diaz, M. Ruiz, Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Saavedra-Arias, J. J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sadek, R., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, D., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Gras, C. Sanchez, Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santoro, L., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schmitz, H., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schulte, N., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Schwering, G., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senger, T., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Sharma, R. S., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shi, Q., Shields, E. B., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Skidmore, N., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Smallwood, J. C., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Song, R., Song, Y., Song, Y. S., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Speer, J. G., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Strekalina, D., Su, Y., Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sun, Y., Lima, D. S. Sundfeld, Sutcliffe, W., Swallow, P. N., Swystun, F., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Tan, Y., Tat, M. D., Terentev, A., Terzuoli, F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Machado, D. Torres, Toscano, L., Tou, D. Y., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Uecker, L. H., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Ursov, E., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagnoni, V., Valassi, A., Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Laak, R., van Veghel, M., Vasquez, G., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Vesterinen, M., Diaz, M. Vieites, Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vouters, G., Vrahas, C., Wagner, J., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. W., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, X. W., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Waterlaat, M., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Wei, Y., Wendel, J., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, D. J., Whitehead, M., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, M., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Wilson, F. F., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wong, C. P., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Wyllie, K., Xian, S., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, K., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yu, C. Y., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zeng, C., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhao, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, X. Z., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, L. Z., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zhuo, J., Zou, Q., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
A search for the nonresonant $\Lambda_c^+ \to p \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay is performed using proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb$^{-1}$. No evidence for the decay is found in the dimuon invariant-mass regions where the expected contributions of resonances is subdominant. The upper limit on the branching fraction of the $\Lambda_c^+ \to p \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay is determined to be $2.9~(3.2) \times 10^{-8}$ at 90% (95%) confidence level. The branching fractions in the dimuon invariant-mass regions dominated by the $\eta$, $\rho$ and $\omega$ resonances are also determined., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2024-005.html (LHCb public pages)
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- 2024
41. Optimal Padded Decomposition For Bounded Treewidth Graphs
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Filtser, Arnold, Friedrich, Tobias, Issac, Davis, Kumar, Nikhil, Le, Hung, Mallek, Nadym, and Zeif, Ziena
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Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms ,Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics - Abstract
A $(\beta,\delta,\Delta)$-padded decomposition of an edge-weighted graph $G = (V,E,w)$ is a stochastic decomposition into clusters of diameter at most $\Delta$ such that for every vertex $v\in V$, the probability that $\rm{ball}_G(v,\gamma\Delta)$ is entirely contained in the cluster containing $v$ is at least $e^{-\beta\gamma}$ for every $\gamma \in [0,\delta]$. Padded decompositions have been studied for decades and have found numerous applications, including metric embedding, multicommodity flow-cut gap, muticut, and zero extension problems, to name a few. In these applications, parameter $\beta$, called the padding parameter, is the most important parameter since it decides either the distortion or the approximation ratios. For general graphs with $n$ vertices, $\beta = \Theta(\log n)$. Klein, Plotkin, and Rao showed that $K_r$-minor-free graphs have padding parameter $\beta = O(r^3)$, which is a significant improvement over general graphs when $r$ is a constant. A long-standing conjecture is to construct a padded decomposition for $K_r$-minor-free graphs with padding parameter $\beta = O(\log r)$. Despite decades of research, the best-known result is $\beta = O(r)$, even for graphs with treewidth at most $r$. In this work, we make significant progress toward the aforementioned conjecture by showing that graphs with treewidth $\rm{tw}$ admit a padded decomposition with padding parameter $O(\log \rm{tw})$, which is tight. As corollaries, we obtain an exponential improvement in dependency on treewidth in a host of algorithmic applications: $O(\sqrt{ \log n \cdot \log(\rm{tw})})$ flow-cut gap, max flow-min multicut ratio of $O(\log(\rm{tw}))$, an $O(\log(\rm{tw}))$ approximation for the 0-extension problem, an $\ell^{O(\log n)}_\infty$ embedding with distortion $O(\log \rm{tw})$, and an $O(\log \rm{tw})$ bound for integrality gap for the uniform sparsest cut.
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- 2024
42. Deep Learning without Global Optimization by Random Fourier Neural Networks
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Davis, Owen, Geraci, Gianluca, and Motamed, Mohammad
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Mathematics - Numerical Analysis ,Statistics - Machine Learning ,65T40, 90C15, 65C05, 65C40, 60J22, 68T07 - Abstract
We introduce a new training algorithm for variety of deep neural networks that utilize random complex exponential activation functions. Our approach employs a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling procedure to iteratively train network layers, avoiding global and gradient-based optimization while maintaining error control. It consistently attains the theoretical approximation rate for residual networks with complex exponential activation functions, determined by network complexity. Additionally, it enables efficient learning of multiscale and high-frequency features, producing interpretable parameter distributions. Despite using sinusoidal basis functions, we do not observe Gibbs phenomena in approximating discontinuous target functions.
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- 2024
43. Tunable frequency conversion in doped photonic crystal fiber pumped near degeneracy
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Murphy, Leah R, Olszewski, Mateusz J, Androvitsaneas, Petros, Perez, Miguel Alvarez, Smith, Will A M, Bennett, Anthony J, Mosley, Peter J, and Davis, Alex O C
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Physics - Optics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
Future quantum networks will rely on the ability to coherently transfer optically encoded quantum information between different wavelength bands. Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing in optical fiber is a promising route to achieving this, but requires fibers with precise dispersion control and broadband transmission at signal, target and pump wavelengths. Here we introduce a photonic crystal fiber with a germanium-doped core featuring group velocity matching at 1550 nm, the telecoms C-band, and 920 nm, within the emission range of efficient single photon sources based on InAs quantum dots. With low chromatic walk-off and good optical guidance even at long wavelengths, large lengths of this fiber are used to achieve nanometer-scale frequency shifts between wavelengths around 920 nm with up to 79.4\% internal conversion efficiency, allowing dissimilar InAs dots to be interfaced. We also show how cascading this frequency conversion can be used to generate a frequency comb away from telecoms wavelengths. Finally, we use the fiber to demonstrate tunable frequency conversion of weak classical signals around 918 nm to the telecoms C-band.
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- 2024
44. Temperature and equipartition in discrete systems
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Davis, Sergio
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Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
The generalized equipartition theorem known as the conjugate variables theorem (Phys. Rev. E 86, 051136 [2012]), originally obtained in the context of statistical inference of continuous random variables, is extended in this work to the case of discrete variables. Using this new set of theorems we derive novel thermodynamic identities for the canonical ensemble connecting temperature with measurable observables.
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- 2024
45. AI AI Bias: Large Language Models Favor Their Own Generated Content
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Laurito, Walter, Davis, Benjamin, Grietzer, Peli, Gavenčiak, Tomáš, Böhm, Ada, and Kulveit, Jan
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computers and Society ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Are large language models (LLMs) biased towards text generated by LLMs over text authored by humans, leading to possible anti-human bias? Utilizing a classical experimental design inspired by employment discrimination studies, we tested widely-used LLMs, including GPT-3.5 and GPT4, in binary-choice scenarios. These involved LLM-based agents selecting between products and academic papers described either by humans or LLMs under identical conditions. Our results show a consistent tendency for LLM-based AIs to prefer LLM-generated content. This suggests the possibility of AI systems implicitly discriminating against humans, giving AI agents an unfair advantage., Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure
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- 2024
46. Quantum Noise Spectroscopy of Critical Slowing Down in an Atomically Thin Magnet
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Ziffer, Mark E., Machado, Francisco, Ursprung, Benedikt, Lozovoi, Artur, Tazi, Aya Batoul, Yuan, Zhiyang, Ziebel, Michael E., Delord, Tom, Zeng, Nanyu, Telford, Evan, Chica, Daniel G., deQuilettes, Dane W., Zhu, Xiaoyang, Hone, James C., Shepard, Kenneth L., Roy, Xavier, de Leon, Nathalie P., Davis, Emily J., Chatterjee, Shubhayu, Meriles, Carlos A., Owen, Jonathan S., Schuck, P. James, and Pasupathy, Abhay N.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
Low frequency critical fluctuations in magnetic materials encode important information about the physics of magnetic ordering, especially in the associated critical exponents. While a number of techniques have been established to study magnetic critical fluctuations in bulk materials, few approaches maintain the required microscopic resolution, temporal range, and signal sensitivity to quantitatively analyze critical fluctuations in magnetic phases of 2D materials. Using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond as quantum probes, we implement $T_2$ (spin decoherence) noise magnetometry to quantitatively study critical dynamics in a tri-layer sample of the Van der Waals magnetic material CrSBr. We characterize critical fluctuations across the magnetic phase transition in CrSBr by analyzing the NV spin echo coherence decay on time scales that approach the characteristic fluctuation correlation time $\tau_c$ at criticality, allowing us to study the temperature dependence of critical slowing down. By modelling the spin echo decoherence using theoretical models for critical dynamics, we are able to extract the critical exponent $\nu$ for the correlation length. We find a value for $\nu$ which deviates from the Ising prediction and suggests the role of long-range dipolar interactions in modifying the critical behavior of magnetic fluctuation modes in CrSBr at the 2D limit. We further compare the divergence of correlation length in CrSBr to the predicted exponential divergence for 2D XY criticality, and find evidence suggesting the possibility of such behavior in a temperature window near $T_C$ where static magnetic domains are absent. Our work provides a first demonstration of the capability of decoherence based NV noise magnetometry to quantitatively analyze critical scaling laws in 2D materials., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures
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- 2024
47. Macaw: A Machine Code Toolbox for the Busy Binary Analyst
- Author
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Scott, Ryan G., Boston, Brett, Davis, Benjamin, Diatchki, Iavor, Dodds, Mike, Hendrix, Joe, Matichuk, Daniel, Quick, Kevin, Ravitch, Tristan, Robert, Valentin, Selfridge, Benjamin, Stefănescu, Andrei, Wagner, Daniel, and Winwood, Simon
- Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages - Abstract
When attempting to understand the behavior of an executable, a binary analyst can make use of many different techniques. These include program slicing, dynamic instrumentation, binary-level rewriting, symbolic execution, and formal verification, all of which can uncover insights into how a piece of machine code behaves. As a result, there is no one-size-fits-all binary analysis tool, so a binary analysis researcher will often combine several different tools. Sometimes, a researcher will even need to design new tools to study problems that existing frameworks are not well equipped to handle. Designing such tools from complete scratch is rarely time- or cost-effective, however, given the scale and complexity of modern instruction set architectures. We present Macaw, a modular framework that makes it possible to rapidly build reliable binary analysis tools across a range of use cases. Over a decade of development, we have used Macaw to support an industrial research team in building tools for machine code-related tasks. As such, the name "Macaw" refers not just to the framework itself, but also a suite of tools that are built on top of the framework. We describe Macaw in depth and describe the different static and dynamic analyses that it performs, many of which are powered by an SMT-based symbolic execution engine. We put a particular focus on interoperability between machine code and higher-level languages, including binary lifting from x86 to LLVM, as well verifying the correctness of mixed C and assembly code.
- Published
- 2024
48. Establishing Provenance Before Coding: Traditional and Next-Gen Signing
- Author
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Schorlemmer, Taylor R., Burmane, Ethan H., Kalu, Kelechi G., Torres-Arias, Santiago, and Davis, James C.
- Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Computer Science - Software Engineering - Abstract
Software engineers integrate third-party components into their applications. The resulting software supply chain is vulnerable. To reduce the attack surface, we can verify the origin of components (provenance) before adding them. Cryptographic signatures enable this. This article describes traditional signing, its challenges, and changes introduced by next generation signing platforms
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- 2024
49. Multivariate Representations of Univariate Marked Hawkes Processes
- Author
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Davis, Louis, Kresin, Conor, Baeumer, Boris, and Wang, Ting
- Subjects
Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Univariate marked Hawkes processes are used to model a range of real-world phenomena including earthquake aftershock sequences, contagious disease spread, content diffusion on social media platforms, and order book dynamics. This paper illustrates a fundamental connection between univariate marked Hawkes processes and multivariate Hawkes processes. Exploiting this connection renders a framework that can be built upon for expressive and flexible inference on diverse data. Specifically, multivariate unmarked Hawkes representations are introduced as a tool to parameterize univariate marked Hawkes processes. We show that such multivariate representations can asymptotically approximate a large class of univariate marked Hawkes processes, are stationary given the approximated process is stationary, and that resultant conditional intensity parameters are identifiable. A simulation study demonstrates the efficacy of this approach, and provides heuristic bounds for error induced by the relatively larger parameter space of multivariate Hawkes processes., Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Annals of Statistics
- Published
- 2024
50. Reducing Vision Transformer Latency on Edge Devices via GPU Tail Effect and Training-free Token Pruning
- Author
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Eliopoulos, Nick John, Jajal, Purvish, Davis, James, Liu, Gaowen, Thiravathukal, George K., and Lu, Yung-Hsiang
- Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
This paper investigates how to efficiently deploy transformer-based neural networks on edge devices. Recent methods reduce the latency of transformer neural networks by removing or merging tokens, with small accuracy degradation. However, these methods are not designed with edge device deployment in mind, and do not leverage information about the hardware characteristics to improve efficiency. First, we show that the relationship between latency and workload size is governed by the GPU tail-effect. This relationship is used to create a token pruning schedule tailored for a pre-trained model and device pair. Second, we demonstrate a training-free token pruning method utilizing this relationship. This method achieves accuracy-latency trade-offs in a hardware aware manner. We show that for single batch inference, other methods may actually increase latency by 18.6-30.3% with respect to baseline, while we can reduce it by 9%. For similar latency (within 5.2%) across devices we achieve 78.6%-84.5% ImageNet1K accuracy, while the state-of-the-art, Token Merging, achieves 45.8%-85.4%.
- Published
- 2024
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