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378 results on '"Davis, Beth E."'

8. Efficacy and safety of multiple doses of QGE031 (ligelizumab) versus omalizumab and placebo in inhibiting allergen-induced early asthmatic responses

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M., Arm, Jonathan P., Boulet, Louis-Philippe, Leigh, Richard, Cockcroft, Donald W., Davis, Beth E., Mayers, Irvin, FitzGerald, J. Mark, Dahlen, Barbro, Killian, Kieran J., Laviolette, Michel, Carlsten, Christopher, Lazarinis, Nikolaos, Watson, Richard M., Milot, Joanne, Swystun, Veronica, Bowen, Miranda, Hui, Linda, Lantz, Ann-Sofie, Meiser, Karin, Maahs, Suzanne, Lowe, Philip J., Skerjanec, Andrej, Drollmann, Anton, and O'Byrne, Paul M.

Published
2016
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14. Inhaled anti-TSLP antibody fragment, ecleralimab, blocks responses to allergen in mild asthma

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M, primary, Hohlfeld, Jens M, additional, FitzGerald, Mark J, additional, Boulet, Louis-Philippe, additional, Cockcroft, Donald W, additional, Davis, Beth E, additional, Korn, Stephanie, additional, Kornmann, Oliver, additional, Leigh, Richard, additional, Mayers, Irvin, additional, Watz, Henrik, additional, Grant, Sarah S, additional, Jain, Monish, additional, Cabanseki, Maciej, additional, Pertel, Peter E, additional, Jones, Ieuan, additional, Lecot, Jean R, additional, Cao, Hui, additional, and O'Byrne, Paul M, additional

Published
2023
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15. Sounding the alarmins—The role of alarmin cytokines in asthma

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M., primary, Bergeron, Celine, additional, Boulet, Louis‐Philippe, additional, Cockcroft, Donald W., additional, Côté, Andréanne, additional, Davis, Beth E., additional, Leigh, Richard, additional, Myers, Irvin, additional, O'Byrne, Paul M., additional, and Sehmi, Roma, additional

Published
2022
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19. Respiratory System Dynamics.

Author

Kaminsky, David A., Cockcroft, Donald W., and Davis, Beth E.

Subjects
RESPIRATORY organs, LUNG volume, SYSTEM dynamics, TIDAL forces (Mechanics), AIRWAY resistance (Respiration)
Abstract

While static mechanical forces govern resting lung volumes, dynamic forces determine tidal breathing, airflow, and changes in airflow and lung volume during normal and abnormal breathing. This section will examine the mechanisms, measurement methodology, and interpretation of the dynamic changes in airflow and lung volume that occur in health and disease. We will first examine how the total work of breathing can be described by the parameters of the equation of motion, which determine the pressure required to move air into and out of the lung. This will include a detailed description of airflow characteristics and airway resistance. Next, we will review the changes in pressure and flow that determine maximal forced inspiration and expiration, which result in the maximal flow–volume loop and the clinically important forced expired volume in 1 second. We will also assess the mechanisms and interpretation of bronchodilator responsiveness, dynamic hyperinflation, and airways hyperresponsiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Muscarinic Receptor Antagonism and Allergen Induced Airway Responses in Allergic Asthma: A Scoping Review

Author

Davis, Beth E., Cropper, Kayla J., Cockcroft, Donald W. Cockcroft, Davis, Beth E., Cropper, Kayla J., and Cockcroft, Donald W. Cockcroft

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to identify existing clinical and basic science knowledge surrounding the effect of muscarinic receptor antagonism on allergen-induced airway responses to inform future clinical research in this area. Methods: Multiple advanced searches were performed using the National Library of Medicine PubMed search engine. Each search began with two terms; for example, “atropine and asthma” or “tiotropium and airway inflammation”. Results were then further refined to include terms such as “allergen” or “ovalbumin (OVA)”. Abstracts of refined searches were reviewed for relevance to allergic asthma and allergen-induced airway responses including the early and late asthmatic responses, airway inflammation and tissue remodelling. There was no restriction regarding publication date. Reference lists of selected papers were also reviewed for relevant publications. Results: Nine human clinical trial publications and fourteen animal model publications were identified. In humans, single dose atropine (n=4), ipratropium (n=4) or oxitropium (n=1) administered pre-challenge produced equivocal effects on allergen-induced early asthmatic responses as reported but favored inhibition in eight of nine studies after re-analyses. Animal model investigations (n=14) showed mostly favorable results, especially with respect to airway inflammation and tissue remodelling, although two studies were negative, and one study showed a worsening in allergen induced airway inflammation following muscarinic receptor antagonism. Conclusion: Existing human and animal model data suggest muscarinic receptor antagonism may be beneficial in preventing allergen induced airway responses in those with allergic asthma. Additional human research utilizing current standardized methodologies is required.

Published
2022

25. Allergen provocation tests in respiratory research:building on 50 years of experience

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M., Davis, Beth E., Scadding, Guy, Boulet, Louis Philippe, Bjermer, Leif, Chaker, Adam, Cockcroft, Donald W., Dahlén, Barbro, Fokkens, Wyste, Hellings, Peter, Lazarinis, Nikolaos, O'Byrne, Paul M., Tufvesson, Ellen, Quirce, Santiago, Van Maaren, Maurits, de Jongh, Frans H., Diamant, Zuzana, Gauvreau, Gail M., Davis, Beth E., Scadding, Guy, Boulet, Louis Philippe, Bjermer, Leif, Chaker, Adam, Cockcroft, Donald W., Dahlén, Barbro, Fokkens, Wyste, Hellings, Peter, Lazarinis, Nikolaos, O'Byrne, Paul M., Tufvesson, Ellen, Quirce, Santiago, Van Maaren, Maurits, de Jongh, Frans H., and Diamant, Zuzana

Abstract

The allergen provocation test is an established model of allergic airway diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis, allowing the study of allergen-induced changes in respiratory physiology and inflammatory mechanisms in sensitised individuals as well as their associations. In the upper airways, allergen challenge is focused on the clinical and pathophysiological sequelae of the early allergic response, and is applied both as a diagnostic tool and in research settings. In contrast, bronchial allergen challenge has almost exclusively served as a research tool in specialised research settings with a focus on the late asthmatic response and the underlying type 2 inflammation. The allergen-induced late asthmatic response is also characterised by prolonged airway narrowing, increased nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness and features of airway remodelling including the small airways, and hence allows the study of several key mechanisms and features of asthma. In line with these characteristics, allergen challenge has served as a valued tool to study the cross-talk of the upper and lower airways and in proof-of-mechanism studies of drug development. In recent years, several new insights into respiratory phenotypes and endotypes including the involvement of the upper and small airways, innovative biomarker sampling methods and detection techniques, refined lung function testing as well as targeted treatment options further shaped the applicability of the allergen provocation test in precision medicine. These topics, along with descriptions of subject populations and safety, in line with the updated Global Initiative for Asthma 2021 document, will be addressed in this review.

Published
2022

27. Role of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists in the Treatment of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: A Review

Author

Philteos George S, Davis Beth E, Cockcroft Donald W, and Marciniuk Darcy D

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Asthma is a very common disorder that still causes significant morbidity and mortality. A high percentage of individuals with asthma also experience exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). This article reviews the current literature and updates the reader on the safety, efficacy, and clinical applications of leukotriene modifiers in the treatment of EIB.

Published
2005
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28. Allergen provocation tests in respiratory research: building on 50 years of experience

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M., primary, Davis, Beth E., additional, Scadding, Guy, additional, Boulet, Louis-Philippe, additional, Bjermer, Leif, additional, Chaker, Adam, additional, Cockcroft, Donald W., additional, Dahlén, Barbro, additional, Fokkens, Wyste, additional, Hellings, Peter, additional, Lazarinis, Nikolaos, additional, O'Byrne, Paul M., additional, Tufvesson, Ellen, additional, Quirce, Santiago, additional, Van Maaren, Maurits, additional, de Jongh, Frans H., additional, and Diamant, Zuzana, additional

Published
2022
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30. Sounding the alarmins—The role of alarmin cytokines in asthma.

Author

Gauvreau, Gail M., Bergeron, Celine, Boulet, Louis‐Philippe, Cockcroft, Donald W., Côté, Andréanne, Davis, Beth E., Leigh, Richard, Myers, Irvin, O'Byrne, Paul M., and Sehmi, Roma

Subjects
THYMIC stromal lymphopoietin, ASTHMATICS, ASTHMA, CYTOKINES, CELL physiology
Abstract

The alarmin cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)‐33, and IL‐25 are epithelial cell‐derived mediators that contribute to the pathobiology and pathophysiology of asthma. Released from airway epithelial cells exposed to environmental triggers, the alarmins drive airway inflammation through the release of predominantly T2 cytokines from multiple effector cells. The upstream positioning of the alarmins is an attractive pharmacological target to block multiple T2 pathways important in asthma. Blocking the function of TSLP inhibits allergen‐induced responses including bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation, and subsequent clinical trials of an anti‐TSLP monoclonal antibody, tezepelumab, in asthma patients demonstrated improvements in lung function, airway responsiveness, inflammation, and importantly, a reduction in the rate of exacerbations. Notably, these improvements were observed in patients with T2‐high and with T2‐low asthma. Clinical trials blocking IL‐33 and its receptor ST2 have also shown improvements in lung function and exacerbation rates; however, the impact of blocking the IL‐33/ST2 axis in T2‐high versus T2‐low asthma is unclear. To date, there is no evidence that IL‐25 blockade is beneficial in asthma. Despite the considerable overlap in the cellular functions of IL‐25, IL‐33, and TSLP, they appear to have distinct roles in the immunopathology of asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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