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Despite recent conceptual, methodological, and theoretical advancements in sport-injury-related growth (SIRG), there is no research on sport psychology consultants' (SPCs) experiential knowledge of working with injured athletes to facilitate SIRG. Toward this end, this study examined SPCs' perspectives on facilitating SIRG to provide an evidence base for professional practice. Participants (4 female, 6 male; mean 19 years' applied experience) were purposefully sampled and interviewed. Transcripts were thematically analyzed. Methodological rigor and generalizability were maximized through self-reflexivity and eliciting external reflections. Five themes were identified: Hear the Story, Contextualize the Story, Reconstruct the Story, Live the Story, and Share the Story. Findings offer practitioners a novel approach to working with injured athletes. Rather than focusing on returning to preinjury level of functioning, the findings illustrate how SPCs can work with injured athletes to help transform injury into an opportunity to bring about positive change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanism underlying the antiepileptic actions of norepinephrine (NE) is unclear with conflicting results. Our objectives are to conclusively delineate the specific adrenergic receptor (AR) involved in attenuating hippocampal CA3 epileptiform activity and assess compounds for lead drug development. We utilized the picrotoxin model of seizure generation in rat brain slices using electrophysiological recordings. Epinephrine (EPI) reduced epileptiform burst frequency in a concentration-dependent manner. To identify the specific receptor involved in this response, the equilibrium dissociation constants were determined for a panel of ligands and compared with established binding values for α1, α2, and other receptor subtypes. Correlation and slope of unity were found for the α2A-AR, but not other receptors. Effects of different chemical classes of α-AR agonists at inhibiting epileptiform activity by potency (pEC50) and relative efficacy (RE) were determined. Compared with NE (pEC50, 6.20; RE, 100%), dexmedetomidine, an imidazoline (pEC50, 8.59; RE, 67.1%), and guanabenz, a guanidine (pEC50, 7.94; RE, 37.9%), exhibited the highest potency (pEC50). In contrast, the catecholamines, EPI (pEC50, 6.95; RE, 120%) and α-methyl-NE (pEC50, 6.38; RE, 116%) were the most efficacious. These findings confirm that CA3 epileptiform activity is mediated solely by α2A-ARs without activation of other receptor systems. These findings suggest a pharmacotherapeutic target for treating epilepsy and highlight the need for selective and efficacious α2A-AR agonists that can cross the blood–brain barrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The efficacy and safety of a novel isoxazoline compound, sarolaner (Simparica®, Zoetis) and spinosad (Comfortis®, Elanco) as a positive control were evaluated for the treatment and control of natural flea infestations on dogs in two randomised, blinded, multi-centric clinical trials conducted in 11 veterinary clinics in northeastern and southeastern states of Australia. Methods: A total of 162 client-owned dogs (80 in northern study and 82 in southern study) from 105 households were enrolled. Each household was randomly allocated to receive either sarolaner (Simparica®, Zoetis) or spinosad (Comfortis®, Elanco). Dogs were dosed on Days 0, 30 and 60 and physical examinations and flea counts were conducted on Days 0, 14, 30, 60 and 90. Efficacy assessments were based on the percentage reduction in live flea counts post-treatment compared to Day 0. Results: In the northern study, at enrolment, primary dogs had flea counts ranging from 5 to 772. At the first efficacy assessment on Day 14, sarolaner resulted in 99.3% mean reduction in live flea counts relative to Day 0, compared to 94. 6% in the spinosad group. On Day 30, the sarolaner-treated group had mean efficacy of 99.2% compared to 95.7% in the spinosad-treated group, and on days 60 and 90, both groups had mean efficacies of ≥ 98.8%. In the southern study, at enrolment, primary dogs had flea counts ranging from 5 to 156. Both sarolaner and spinosad resulted in ≥ 96. 7% mean reduction in live flea counts on Day 14. On Day 30, the sarolaner-treated group had mean efficacy of 99.5% compared to 89.7% in the spinosad-treated group, and on days 60 and 90, both groups had mean efficacies of ≥ 98. 6%. No treatment-related adverse events were observed in either study. Conclusions: A single monthly dose of sarolaner (Simparica®) administered orally at 2-4 mg/kg for three consecutive months was well tolerated and provided excellent efficacy against natural infestations of fleas under a range of Australian field conditions including different climatic and housing conditions. Similar efficacy was observed with spinosad (Comfortis®) after the second and third monthly treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but it has been long acknowledged that normal pregnancy represents a distinctive challenge to the maternal immune system. Maladaptive responses to this challenge [...]

The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but in addition to recognized environmental and clinical risk factors, inherited genetic factors have been demonstrated. Evidence for this includes increased risk of [...]

The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but it has been long acknowledged that normal pregnancy represents a distinctive challenge to the maternal immune system. Maladaptive responses to this challenge [...]

The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but endothelial dysfunction has been hypothesized to play a tole since at least the early 1990's (1). While a number of genes involved [...]

Background: The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but endothelial dysfunction has been hypothesized to play a role since at least the early 1990's. (1) A hallmark of endothelial function [...]

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (ARs) are important regulators of many physiological processes (1). Although many AR ligands have been characterized on peripheral ARs, little is known about their actions in the [...]

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (ARs) are important regulators of many physiological processes (1). Although many AR ligands have been characterized on peripheral ARs, little is known about their actions in central [...]

Norepinephrine has potent antiepileptic properties, the pharmacology of which is unclear. Under conditions where GABAergic inhibition is blocked, norepinephrine (NE) has been shown to reduce hippocampal CA3 epileptiform activity through [...]