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In this prospective study a consecutive series of 70 patients undergoing insertion of a Wilson-Cook endoprosthesis for palliation of esophageal carcinoma was examined.The tube was inserted endoscopically using intravenous sedation and a pulsion technique.The patients had a mean (SEM) age of 70.7 (1.5) years and 44 (63%) were men. Two patients died in hospital and 2 died after discharge, giving a procedure-related mortality of 2.8% and a 30-day mortality of 5.7%. Nine patients experienced complications, giving a morbidity rate of 12.8% following the initial procedure. Twenty patients required a second or further procedure. The indications were tube migration in 22 cases, obstruction in 10, and fistula formation in 2 patients. Thirty-day mortality in this group was significantly greater than after a first procedure (7 patients, 20.1%; P0.05). The median survival following insertion of a Wilson-Cook endoprosthesis was 16 weeks.This study describes a safe, effective method for insertion of an endoprosthesis, with a low morbidity and mortality. The average cost for endoscopic insertion of a Wilson-Cook endoprosthesis in this unit is $1,600, and in view of the short median survival in this group of patients, the introduction of costly self-expanding stents is not warranted without demonstrable benefits in a controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trial.