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31. Dental adhesives and adhesive performance

Author

Yoshida, Y, primary, Van Landuyt, K, additional, Sarr, M, additional, Mine, A, additional, Lambrechts, P, additional, Van Meerbeek, B, additional, De Munck, J, additional, and Suzuki, K, additional

Published
2008
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49. How does upper extremity Fugl-Meyer motor score relate to resting-state EEG in chronic stroke? A power spectral density analysis

Author

Saes, M., Meskers, C. G.M., Daffertshofer, A., de Munck, J. C., Kwakkel, G., van Wegen, E. E.H., Saes, M., Meskers, C. G.M., Daffertshofer, A., de Munck, J. C., Kwakkel, G., and van Wegen, E. E.H.

Abstract

Objective: We investigated the potential added value of high-density resting-state EEG by addressing differences with healthy individuals and associations with Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the upper extremity (FM-UE) scores in chronic stroke. Methods: Twenty-one chronic stroke survivors with initial upper limb paresis and eleven matched controls were included. Group differences regarding resting-state EEG parameters (Delta Alpha ratio (DAR) and pairwise-derived Brain Symmetry Index (BSI)) and associations with FM-UE were investigated, as well as lateralization of BSI and the value of different frequency bands. Results: Chronic stroke survivors showed higher BSI compared to controls (p < 0.001), most pronounced in delta and theta frequency bands (p < 0.0001; p < 0.001). In the delta and theta band, BSI was significantly negatively associated with FM-UE (both p = 0.008) corrected for confounding factors. DAR showed no differences between groups nor association with FM-UE. Directional BSI showed increased power in the affected versus the unaffected hemisphere. Conclusions: Asymmetry in spectral power between hemispheres was present in chronic stroke, most pronounced in low frequencies and related to upper extremity motor function deficit. Significance: BSI is related to motor impairment and higher in chronic stroke patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting that BSI may be a marker of selective motor control.

Published
2019
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50. From human capital to human capabilities. A broader normative foundation for the social investment perspective in Europe

Author

De Munck, J. and Lits, G.

Subjects
European social policy, Social investment, Human rights, capabilities
Abstract

The social investment perspective has recently been defined as a new perspective for social policies in Europe. In a communication (2013),[1] the European Commission urges the Member States to develop a social investment strategy defined as a third – new ‑ ‘function’ that welfare systems have to fulfil to achieve their objective, the other functions being ‘social protection’ and ‘stabilisation of the economy’. In this report, we will first briefly present how the main objectives of the ‘social investment’ perspective were elaborated, as a response to the shortcomings of neo-liberalism, by social policy experts in the begin­ning of the 21st century (1). Secondly, we will analyse the attempt made by the European Commission to translate this notion into European public policies (2). We will thirdly show that the European social invest­ment strategy can be summarised by the principle that, as Leibetseder (Leibetseder, 2016) puts it: ‘social policy expenditure should be at least partially channelled towards investment into people’s capacities’. If the social investment perspective is to be the new paradigm for social policy in Europe, it cannot avoid a com­prehensive discussion of what a ‘capacity’ is and in what ‘capacities’ European states should invest. We will make the proposal that, if European countries aim at developing a normatively robust new model for social policy based on the SI perspective, it could be interesting to re-conceptualise what a capacity is, drawing from the capability approach (CA) to development proposed by Amartya Sen (3). As an important consequence, we propose a new understanding of human rights as goals of the economic and political integra­tion of Europe (4). Finally, this will lead us to discuss the relationship that social policy instruments should entertain with the market. Against a market-driven-only approach to social investment, we will argue that a normatively robust perspective ‑ based upon moral concerns for positive liberty rather than sheer negative freedoms and efficiency ‑ needs an all-encompassing view on the kind of institutional arrangement to which social policy measures should be anchored (5). [1] COM(2013)83 Final, Towards Social Investment for Growth and Cohesion - including implementing the European Social Fund 2014-2020. Brussels: European Commission, 20 February 2013.

Published
2017
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