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A time-averaged probabilistic model is developed to predict irregular wave runup statistics on permeable slopes such as cobble beaches and revetments. The cross-shore variations of the mean and standard deviation of the free surface elevation and horizontal fluid velocities above and inside a porous layer are predicted using the time-averaged continuity, momentum, and energy equations. The mean and standard deviation of the shoreline elevation measured by a runup wire are estimated from the predicted mean and standard deviation of the free surface elevation. The wave runup height above the mean water level, including wave setup, is assumed to be given by the Rayleigh distribution. The wave reflection coefficient is estimated from the wave energy flux remaining at the still water shoreline. This computationally efficient model is shown to be in fair agreement with 57 small-scale tests conducted on 1/5 and 1/2 permeable slopes situated inside surf zones on impermeable gentle slopes. CE Database subject headings: Wave runup; Beaches; Shoaling; Wave reflection; Slopes; Probability.

Experiments were conducted in a wave flume to investigate wave seepage and overtopping of permeable stone slopes with wide crests. The numerical model based on the time-averaged continuity, momentum, and energy equations is extended to include the landward water flux due to wave seepage and overtopping. The measured wave runup distributions are fitted to the Weibull distribution whose shape parameter increases with the increase of the wave overtopping probability. The wave overtopping rate normalized by the wave-induced water flux at the still water shoreline is shown to depend on the wave overtopping probability and the horizontal number of stones above the maximum wave setup. A simple formula for the seepage rate is proposed by analyzing the seepage flow driven by the wave setup on the seaward slope. The extended numerical model is shown to be in agreement with the measurements of the free surface elevation, cross-shore velocity, wave runup, and seepage and overtopping rates but will need to be evaluated using more extensive data sets. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2007)133:4(245) CE Database subject headings: Seepage; Wave overtopping; Revetments; Beaches; Permeability; Breaking waves; Wave reflection; Slopes.

Hi-C enables the characterization of the 0conformation of the genome in the three-dimensional nuclear space. This technique has revolutionized our ability to detect interactions between linearly distant genomic sites on a genome-wide scale. Here, we detail a protocol to carry out in situ Hi-C in plants and describe a straightforward bioinformatics pipeline for the analysis of such data, in particular for comparing samples from different organs or conditions., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)