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An all-optical method for generating ultra-intense high-order-mode light pulse is investigated with three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. We find that the conversion from a short intense circularly polarized incident Gaussian laser pulse into a transverse magnetic (TM) mode occurs as it propagates into a micro plasma waveguide. The strength of the longitudinal electric field of the excited TM modes can be almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of the original laser. The simulation results show that, for the lower-order modes, the trapped electrons lead to their revolving transverse structures. A linear plasma waveguide model is presented to predict the mode pattern and intensity of the longitudinal electric fields, which are in excellent agreement with those in the simulations. Relativistic-intense high-order-mode light can be useful for many applications, including accelerating charged particles to high energies.

As part of the goal to generate a detailed transcript map for Arabidopsis thaliana, 1152 single run sequences (expressed sequence tags or ESTs) have been determined from cDNA clones taken at random in libraries prepared from different sources of plant material: developing siliques, etiolated seedlings, flower buds, and cultured cells. Eight hundred and ninety-five different genes could be identified, 32% of which showed significant similarity to existing sequences in Arabidopsis and an array of other organisms. These sequences in combination with their positioning on the Arabidopsis genetic map will not only constitute a new set of molecular markers for genome analysis in Arabidopsis but also provide a direct route for the in vivo analysis of their gene products. The sequences have been made available to the public databases.