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COVID-19 still represents one of the greatest global challenges of the last decades in terms of medical, coordination and management aspects, but also on the societal and economic level. Even after more than two years, the rapidly changing requirements that the emerging variations of the virus call for, show that Austria – as the majority of countries and organizations – is still struggling with a stringent and pertinent management approach. The call for a comprehensive, applicable and128interoperable solution portfolio including evidence-based analysis of current processes/structures, tools and infrastructures as well as lessons learned from the current pandemic response, is evident.The enhanced “ROADS to Health”-approach, currently evaluated by national funding agencies, reflects this aim: a holistic solution set aiming at a technologically supported, lessons learned based system for the pandemic management for the future. ROADS focuses on a basis for optimized crisis management for future pandemics/epidemics from a holistic, user-centric perspective. The concrete goal is to create a basis for a technologically supported measure matching to current requirements for decision-makers and critical infrastructures. Thus, interventions or future mitigation measures for the management of a pandemic are matched with concrete and current requirements.This measure matching will build upon the existing "Portfolio of Solutions" (POS) platform developed by AIT. Relevant medical/epidemiological, social, economic and legal fundamentals and different types and characteristics of pandemics/epidemics will also be considered (infection routes, morbidity and mortality risks, affectedness: age, gender ...) as well as various needs, given resources and processes. International lessons learned from the COVID-19 crisis, knowledge and results from merging practical experiences from crisis management feed into a concept design to facilitate and initiate technological support for enhanced future pandemics/epidemics tackling and potentially for other crisis situations. This keynote paper will draft the frame of this model by presenting the underlying background and basis of the ROADS to Health-solution set and open the floor for a wider range of perspectives of optimization in pandemic and crisis management. COVID-19 still represents one of the greatest global challenges of the last decades in terms of medical, coordination and management aspects, but also on the societal and economic level. Even after more than two years, the rapidly changing requirements that the emerging variations of the virus call for, show that Austria – as the majority of countries and organizations – is still struggling with a stringent and pertinent management approach. The call for a comprehensive, applicable and128interoperable solution portfolio including evidence-based analysis of current processes/structures, tools and infrastructures as well as lessons learned from the current pandemic response, is evident.The enhanced “ROADS to Health”-approach, currently evaluated by national funding agencies, reflects this aim: a holistic solution set aiming at a technologically supported, lessons learned based system for the pandemic management for the future. ROADS focuses on a basis for optimized crisis management for future pandemics/epidemics from a holistic, user-centric perspective. The concrete goal is to create a basis for a technologically supported measure matching to current requirements for decision-makers and critical infrastructures. Thus, interventions or future mitigation measures for the management of a pandemic are matched with concrete and current requirements.This measure matching will build upon the existing "Portfolio of Solutions" (POS) platform developed by AIT. Relevant medical/epidemiological, social, economic and legal fundamentals and different types and characteristics of pandemics/epidemics will also be considered (infection routes, morbidity and mortality risks, affectedness: age, gender ...) as well as various needs, given resources and processes. International lessons learned from the COVID-19 crisis, knowledge and results from merging practical experiences from crisis management feed into a concept design to facilitate and initiate technological support for enhanced future pandemics/epidemics tackling and potentially for other crisis situations. This keynote paper will draft the frame of this model by presenting the underlying background and basis of the ROADS to Health-solution set and open the floor for a wider range of perspectives of optimization in pandemic and crisis management. Karin Rainer, Alois Leidwein, Markus Hoffmann, Nicole Kramreither, Georg Neubauer, Bernhard Bürger, Dražen Ignjatović, Georg Aumayr, Ruth Kutalek, Janika Saretzky Refereed/Peer-reviewed Version of record

Water harvesting techniques (WHTs) improve the availability of water, which is essential for growing crops, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. A decision support approach can help in the selection of WHTs suitable under site-specific bio-physical and socio-economic conditions. This paper describes a participatory approach for the selection of suitable WHTs in watersheds in (semi) arid regions. It builds on a database of suitability indicators for WHTs, which was developed by integrating worldwide knowledge on their suitability. Once developed, the approach was applied on a case study for WHTs in the upper Geba watershed in northern Ethiopia. First, based on evaluation criteria and participants' scientific and local knowledge, a pre-selection of most promising WHTs took place in a multi-stakeholder workshop. Next, the suitability indicators and a GIS-based multi-criteria analysis (MCA) were used to identify suitable areas for these WHTs. The results of the MCA were presented to stakeholders during a second stakeholder workshop. At this workshop, a final selection of WHTs to test was made based on a participatory ranking of WHTs using economic, ecological and socio-cultural criteria. The MCA approach was validated by comparing the predicted suitable areas with the already existing WHTs in the watershed. This led to the result that 90% of the existing check dams and 93% of the percolation ponds were correctly identified by the approach. We conclude therefore that this approach can be successfully applied for the participatory selection of WHTs and the identification of suitable areas for their implementation. Given that this approach is based on the newly developed database of WHTs, it can be easily applied in other (semi) arid regions.

Cet article se situe dans le cadre d’une recherche sur la pratique de l’ergonomie. Il s’appuie sur une mise en récit structurée d’un cas d’intervention dont l’objet est l’élaboration d’une démarche de prévention au sein de la Direction des ressources humaines d’une région française. Sollicitées initialement pour définir une « mallette de prévention » généralisable à tous les lycées de cette région, nous orientons notre intervention vers l’accompagnement et le développement d’un projet visant la conception et la mise en place de solutions de prévention pérennes. Pour répondre à cet objectif, l’intervention est pensée comme un acte pédagogique (Dugué et coll., 2010) et stratégique (Crozier et Friedberg, 1997) dont l’objectif est de transformer les représentations des acteurs (décisionnaires, gestionnaires, proviseurs et encadrants dans les établissements scolaires...) sur les interactions entre logique gestionnaire, qualité du travail et santé. Plusieurs « leviers » ont été utilisés dans ce but : la construction d’un modèle explicatif et situé de la survenue de troubles musculo-squelettiques, la mise en lumière des écarts entre des données sociales régionales (par exemple absentéisme) et la réalité effective de ces données dans chaque établissement, le recours à des analyses singulières de l’activité pour nourrir la construction du projet de prévention. Ces analyses singulières ont démontré la valeur stratégique du cas comme support d’apprentissage, de généralisation et de transformation des représentations. Au-delà de ces composantes formelles, nous constatons qu’une stratégie de communication « opportuniste » a permis de construire un processus d’influence qui a soutenu la réussite de l’intervention. This article presents a structured feed-back on an ergonomics intervention performed in a human resources headquarter of a major French region. The initial request was to help this region build a prevention "tool kit." We therefore strategically reoriented our intervention to support the development of a sustainable prevention plan. To achieve this, we designed our intervention as a teaching strategy (Dugué et al., 2010), the aim being to transform how the various actors (decision-makers, administrators, school principals...) represented the tensions between management viewpoints, work quality, and health. To do so, we combined various approaches: the construction of an explanatory model describing how musculoskeletal disorders occur on the job, an objectivation of social data at both local and regional levels, and a local activity analysis that informed these social data. These situated analyses were strategic tools used to support learning, generalization of knowledge, and changes in representations. Beside the formal dimensions of the transformations, we found that our strategy based on “adaptive” communication allowed us to garner support for our ergonomics intervention. The structured feed-back of this intervention provided an opportunity to better understand how to conduct future ergonomics intervention. Este artículo se sitúa en el marco de la investigación sobre la práctica de la ergonomía. Se apoya en la narrativa estructurada de un caso de intervención cuyo objetivo es el desarrollo de un enfoque de prevención en el departamento de recursos humanos de una región francesa. Solicitados inicialmente para definir una "caja de herramientas de prevención" generalizable a todas las escuelas secundarias de la zona, orientamos nuestra intervención hacia el acompañamiento y desarrollo de un proyecto encaminado a la concepción y puesta en marcha de soluciones de prevención perennes. Para cumplir este objetivo, la intervención se concibe como un acto educativo (Dugue y col., 2010) y estratégico (Crozier y Friedberg, 1997), que tiene como objetivo transformar la representación de las partes interesadas (responsables políticos, administradores, directores y los supervisores de las escuelas ....) sobre las interacciones entre la lógica de gestión, la calidad del trabajo y la salud. Diferentes "acicates" se utilizaron con este propósito: la construcción de un modelo explicativo y situado sobre la aparición de trastornos musculo-esqueléticos, la puesta en evidencia de las diferencias entre los datos sociales de la región (por ejemplo, ausentismo) y la realidad efectiva de estos datos en cada establecimiento, el uso de análisis singulares de la actividad para alimentar la construcción del proyecto de prevención. Estos análisis singulares demostraron su valor estratégico como apoyo al aprendizaje, la generalización y la transformación de las representaciones. Más allá de estos componentes formales, identificamos que una estrategia de comunicación "oportunista" permitió construir un proceso de influencia que apoyó el éxito de la intervención.

In a knowledge management project, the key issue is to help the stakeholders to choose which parts of their knowledge will need to be specifically capitalized. This means finding a decision support approach enabling them to identify and locate potential crucial knowledge. To deal with this type of issue, a specific approach named GAMETH has been developed. In this article, we describe the GAMETH approach from the decision support viewpoint, showing the link with the decision process. Finally, we present GAMETH applications in two different contexts.