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16 results on '"Del Monte, Ugo"'

2. From Kepler’s conjecture and fcc lattice to modelling of crowding in living matter

Author

Del Monte, Ugo and Caiani, Enrico G.

Subjects
sphere packing, fcc lattice, void space, cell packing, extracellular matrix, interstitial space
Abstract

Up to now, sphere packing has been investigated without any reference to living matter. This study focuses on the void space (VS) of sphere packing to mimic the extracellular spaces of living tissues. It was inspired by the importance of the extracellular matrix, the vehicle of micro and macromolecules involved in cell metabolism, intercellular communication and drug delivery. The analysis of sphere packing evidenced that in uniform random packing VS is about 1.9 times greater than in the face centered cubic (fcc) lattice (thus being very close to the 1.9 volume ratio of the cube to the sphere). This datum is a good reference for cell packing in vivo. The disproportionate increase of VS per sphere in loose packing in vitro is analyzed having in mind the variability in volume and composition of the interstitial spaces in vivo and cell trafficking. Arrangements of lymphocytes mimicking a two-dimensional hexagonal pattern and dense packing of disks generated by numerical procedures, are described in 7 μm-thick haematoxylin and eosin-stained histological slices from a human lymph node. In narrow tubes simulating roundish cells arranged in limited compartments of the interstice, sphere packing is characterized by noticeable increases of VS. The VS of this packing in vitro is compatible with variability in volume and composition of the interstitial spaces and with cell trafficking in vivo. This paper stresses that in mammalian tissues and organs cells can be packed quite more densely than spheres in the fcc lattice. As to pathology, attention is focused: (i) on overcrowding of cell organelles in some diseases, (ii) on shrinking or swelling of high amplitude, whose opposite effects are to concentrate or dilute intracellular structures and crowding of macromolecules, and (iii) on neoplastic tissues., Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Vol 118, No 1 (2013)

Published
2013
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11. Multivariate Analysis of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Activities of Liver and Hepatomas.

Author

Del Monte, Ugo, Boddi, Vieri, Caldini, Riccardo, Urbano, Pasquale, and Cini, Grazia

Abstract

Data on the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities in normal liver and in three transplantable rat hepatomas, viz Yoshida's AH 130 and Morris's 5123C and 7793, were studied by means of factor analysis, a powerful technique of multivariate analysis particularly suitable for identifying factors which theoretically may account for the pattern of interrelations between several variables. The analysis has been performed on 51 patterns of enzyme activities, covering 17 out of the 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; 80% on average of the total variability of the 17 enzyme activities may be accounted for by the first 4 factors extracted. The enzymes seem to fall into different groups, depending on their relationship with the factors thus identified. The results suggest that enzymes belonging to the same group share a common control mechanism, and are independent of the enzymes belonging to different groups, both in normal liver and in hepatomas.

Published
1975
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14. From Kepler's conjecture and fcc lattice to modelling of crowding in living matter.

Author

Del Monte U and Caiani EG

Subjects
Animals, Cell Proliferation, Humans, Computer Simulation, Eukaryotic Cells cytology, Extracellular Space, Intracellular Space, Models, Biological
Abstract

Up to now, sphere packing has been investigated without any reference to living matter. This study focuses on the void space (VS) of sphere packing to mimic the extracellular spaces of living tissues. It was inspired by the importance of the extracellular matrix, the vehicle of micro and macromolecules involved in cell metabolism, intercellular communication and drug delivery. The analysis of sphere packing evidenced that in uniform random packing VS is about 1.9 times greater than in the face centered cubic (fcc) lattice (thus being very close to the 1.9 volume ratio of the cube to the sphere). This datum is a good reference for cell packing in vivo. The disproportionate increase of VS per sphere in loose packing in vitro is analyzed having in mind the variability in volume and composition of the interstitial spaces in vivo and cell trafficking. Arrangements of lymphocytes mimicking a two-dimensional hexagonal pattern and dense packing of disks generated by numerical procedures, are described in 7 micro m-thick haematoxylin and eosin-stained histological slices from a human lymph node. In narrow tubes simulating roundish cells arranged in limited compartments of the interstice, sphere packing is characterized by noticeable increases of VS. The VS of this packing in vitro is compatible with variability in volume and composition of the interstitial spaces and with cell trafficking in vivo. This paper stresses that in mammalian tissues and organs cells can be packed quite more densely than spheres in the fcc lattice. As to pathology, attention is focused: (i) on overcrowding of cell organelles in some diseases, (ii) on shrinking or swelling of high amplitude, whose opposite effects are to concentrate or dilute intracellular structures and crowding of macromolecules, and (iii) on neoplastic tissues.

Published
2013

15. Does the cell number 10(9) still really fit one gram of tumor tissue?

Author

Del Monte U

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Rats, Cell Size, Models, Biological, Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

A tumor reaching the size of 1 cm(3) (approximately 1 g wet weight) is commonly assumed to contain 1 x 10(9) cells. This paper comments on the probable origin of this "magic" number and on some possible reasons why it has remained in use until now. However, mostly in epithelial tumors (85% of all human tumors) a cell number one order of magnitude smaller would be more realistic.

Published
2009
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16. Drop of connexins: a possible link between aging and cancer?

Author

Del Monte U and Statuto M

Subjects
Cell Communication physiology, Cellular Senescence physiology, Humans, Aging physiology, Connexin 43 physiology, Neoplasms physiopathology
Abstract

The incidence of cancer increases with age but we do not know why. As a working hypothesis we propose here that cells somehow initiated in vivo in the course of life and finally engaged in the aging program, which involves a drop of connexins with loss of cell-to-cell communication (equivalent to the promotion phase in the multistep process of carcinogenesis), may recover their growth potential, thus allowing cancer to progress. This is supported by evidence that: (i) connexin 43 (Cx43) acts as a tumor suppressor; (ii) cx43 and gap junction intercellular communication drop in precancerous lesions and in tumors of various origins, as well as in aging cells; (iii) telomerase is activated in cancerous somatic cells.

Published
2004
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