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Part 1: The main objective of this document is to offer a comprehensive “Best Practices” document by performing a compilation of the existing references and expanding the recommendations to ensure a broader approach to optimal operation of HF-radar systems with independence from manufacturer or antenna design and setup. Several guidelines and best practice documents have been widely used as a basis for elaboration of this report, as listed in Section 1. Authors of this deliverable acknowledge the contributions of Teresa G Updyle (Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University) and MARACOOS / IOOS. Part 2: The JERICO network is constantly working to improve its core functionality, which is the ability to provide comprehensive observations of Europe’s coastal seas and oceans. This means integrating new, promising observing technologies that can expand its spatial reach. While building the JERICO-NEXT project, cabled coastal observatories were identified as particularly attractive choices from this point of view, and a distinct task, Task 2.3 in Work Package 2 (WP2), was designed to facilitate their assimilation into the network’s established observing system. Cabled observatories offer the desirable advantage of freeing marine observing activity from the merciless restrictions of limiting power and constrained bandwidth for communication and data transfer, thereby allowing measurements to be made with a broad variety of sensors and systems even under extreme conditions (e.g., storm events, under ice, etc.). Seven such observatories are being operated by JERICO-NEXT partners, all of whom are participating in Task 2.3. Task 2.3 of JERICO-NEXT deals specifically with the harmonization of the observing systems within the JERICO infrastructure network. The present document, constituting Part 2 of Deliverable D2.4 dealing with cabled coastal observatories of the JERICO-NEXT project, gathers and reports on the outcomes of the workshops on Cabled Observatories (MS9 and MS13) that were planned within the task. The document provides an overview of best practices utilized during the planning and installation phases of cabled observatories, and reviews the main relevant operational aspects, applications, and data quality assessment and management issues. It builds on a previous JERICO-NEXT deliverable, specifically, D2.1: “Report on the status of HF-radar systems and cabled coastal observatories within the JERICO network” (http://www.jerico-ri.eu/download/jerico-next-deliverables/JERICO-NEXT-Deliverable-2.1.pdf), redacted by AZTI and UPC. Published Refereed Current 14.A Best Practice Manual (incl. handbook, guide, cookbook etc)

The Mediterranean Sea displays high species diversity and represents a key area for study of the impacts of natural and anthropogenic changes on biodiversity and its consequences on ecosystem. Habitat destruction, over-fishing, contaminants, eutrophication, introduction of alien species, and climate changes are causing increasingly evident changes in community structure and biodiversity of this warm and miniaturized ocean. Yet, Mediterranean fish biodiversity is undergoing rapid changes due to the rise of water temperature and the increasing success of thermophile biota. In this context, the analysis of continuous long-term and multiparametric data offers a new and promising opportunity to ecologists to understand those processes which regulate marine biodiversity and may also contribute to define possible strategies of conservation and ecosystem-based management. Coastal-cabled video observatories such as the Observatory of the Sea (OBSEA ; www.obsea.es) off Vilanova i la Gertrù (Spain) have been indicated as innovative andchallenging technological tools for monitoring fish assemblages in marine systems. In addition, these devices can be successfully employed to monitor and help to understand the responses of fish species to both, environmental drivers and human stressors, as also invoked by the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive. These multiparametric intelligent platforms represent one of the key elements for Blue Growth development policies. Cabled, fixed and permanent observatories are being worldwide-distributed within growing geographic networks. They provide long-term monitoring of several characteristics (oceanographic, biological etc.) of the seabed and water column at various depths, in a synchronous and highly integrated fashion. Here, we describe how are the video monitoring actions introduced and applied at the OBSEA within the framework of RESBIO Spanish National Project and the resulting experience transferred to a cabled video station in Šibenik, Croatia.

The European Union FP7 project “Next generation, Cost- effective, Compact, Multifunctional Web Enabled Ocean Sensor Systems Empowering Marine, Maritime and Fisheries Management” (NeXOS, 2013-2017) focused on innovative approaches for two classes of insitu observations, acoustic and optical. Two types of innovative passive acoustic sensors were developed - one having a single detector with increased dynamic range and internal processing to reduce communication requirements and the other having an array of four such sensors providing directional capabilities. The optical sensors developed were Matrix fluorescence sensors, a minifluo fluorescence sensor, flow-through cavity absorption sensors, and sensors for monitoring the carbon system. Additionally, optical sensors for chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen were adapted for use in fisheries. The sensors were modified to enable plug-and-play capabilities on basis of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OCG) PUCK protocol embedded in the internal software of the sensor. This protocol ensures that measured data are accompanied by metadata describing the sensor and its history. The OGC Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) and the Sensor Observation Service (SOS) web server make data from the NeXOS sensors available in real-time to the end- users. The final demonstrations took place during summer of 2017 in the Northeast Atlantic, Central Atlantic and the Mediterranean. This manuscript presents the main outcomes of the project., Le projet FP7 de l'Union européenne «Systèmes de capteurs océaniques compatibles avec le Web de nouvelle génération, rentables, compacts et multifonctionnels permettant une gestion marine, maritime et des pêches» (NeXOS, 2013-2017) s'est concentré sur des approches innovantes pour deux classes d'observations in situ, acoustiques et optiques. . Deux types de capteurs acoustiques passifs innovants ont été développés - l'un ayant un seul détecteur avec une plage dynamique accrue et un traitement interne pour réduire les exigences de communication et l'autre ayant un réseau de quatre capteurs offrant des capacités directionnelles. Les capteurs optiques développés étaient des capteurs de fluorescence Matrix, un capteur de fluorescence minifluo, des capteurs d'absorption à cavité traversante et des capteurs pour surveiller le système de carbone. De plus, des capteurs optiques pour la chlorophylle-a et l'oxygène dissous ont été adaptés pour une utilisation dans les pêcheries. Les capteurs ont été modifiés pour permettre des capacités plug-and-play sur la base du protocole PUCK d'Open Geospatial Consortium (OCG) intégré dans le logiciel interne du capteur. Ce protocole garantit que les données mesurées sont accompagnées de métadonnées décrivant le capteur et son historique. Le logiciel OGC Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) et le serveur Web Sensor Observation Service (SOS) mettent les données des capteurs NeXOS à la disposition des utilisateurs finaux en temps réel. Les dernières manifestations ont eu lieu au cours de l'été 2017 dans l'Atlantique Nord-Est, l'Atlantique Centre et la Méditerranée. Ce manuscrit présente les principaux résultats du projet.