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Although specimens in fossil to Recent resins are remarkable for their fidelity of preservation, amber is well known and studied, unlike the younger resins as Pleistocene copal (2.58–0.0117 Ma) and Holocene copal (0.0117 Ma–1760 AD), or Defaunation resin, which is resin produced after 1760 AD. However, the scientific relevance of these younger resins preserving arthropods that lived in pre-Anthropocene time is often underestimated. Here, we present specimens of workers of stingless bees included in copal and Defaunation resin, from the coastal vichaka forests in Tanzania, and from northwest Madagascar, ranging in age from almost 3000 BP years to only 80 ± 30 BP years and from 2015, respectively. Three known species Hypotrigona gribodoi, Liotrigona bouyssoui, and Liotrigona nilssoni and two new species Axestotrigona kitingae sp. nov. and Hypotrigona kleineri sp. nov. have been discovered from 36 studied specimens. We also noted that the holotype of Trigona richardsi is a junior subjective synonym of Axestotrigona ferruginea ferruginea. The coastal forests in the East Africa region and in East Madagascar are now highly fragmented so that we can expect that the new species are already extinct. Here we demonstrate that the study of inclusions in copal and Defaunation resin can document losses of local biodiversity resulting, for example, from deforestation and they also bring proof of this potential anthropic defaunation.

The monophyletic family Zhangsolvidae comprises stout‐bodied brachyceran flies with a long proboscis and occurring only in the Cretaceous, originally known in shale from the Early Cretaceous Laiyang Formation (Fm.) in China (Zhangsolva Nagatomi and Yang), subsequently from limestones of the Early Cretaceous Crato Fm. of Brazil. Cratomyoides Wilkommen is synonymized with Cratomyia Mazzarolo and Amorim, both from the Crato Fm.; Cratomyiidae is synonymized with Zhangsolvidae. Two genera and three species of Zhangsolvidae are described: Buccinatormyia magnifica Arillo, Peñalver and Pérez‐de la Fuente, gen. et sp.n. and B. soplaensis Arillo, Peñalver and Pérez‐de la Fuente, sp.n., in Albian amber from Las Peñosas Fm. in Spain; and Linguatormyia teletacta Grimaldi, gen. et sp.n., in Upper Albian–Lower Cenomanian amber from Hukawng Valley in Myanmar. Buccinatormyia soplaensis and Linguatormyia teletacta are unique among all Brachycera, extant or extinct, by their remarkably long, flagellate antennae, about 1.6× the body length in the latter species. A phylogenetic analysis of 52 morphological characters for 35 taxa is presented, 11 taxa being Cretaceous species, which supports placement of the family within Stratiomyomorpha, although not to any particular family within the infraorder.

A new Cretaceous dustywing, Soplaoconis ortegablancoi gen. et sp. nov. (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), is described from four specimens preserved in Early Cretaceous (Albian, ~105Ma) El Soplao amber (Cantabria, northern Spain). Two additional specimens are assigned to this new taxon. A crossvenational abnormality on an area of diagnostic significance from one of the holotype's forewings provides a reminder of the importance of not ruling out character plasticity or teratoses when evaluating palaeodiversity. A comment on the possible palaeoecological significance of the co-occurrence as syninclusions of plant trichomes with the holotype of S. ortegablancoi and seven of the eleven described Burmese amber dustywing species is provided.

Portuguese amber has received very little attention from the paleontological and geological points of view. To our knowledge, only twelve amber outcrops or amber-bearing areas have been detected in Portugal. The first outcrops were cited in times as old as 1867 and 1910, and although some of them were considered Jurassic in age, most likely the amber came from Cretaceous deposits. The Portuguese outcrops are poor in amber and, thus far, only a dipteran (Nematocera) insect has been found as bioinclusion (Cascais amber); the area of Estoril-Cascais, near Lisbon, provides amber interesting from the paleoentomological standpoint. In contrast, prehistoric amber from Portugal, namely as diverse types of beads and pendants, has been researched in some detail during the last decades. The 25 archeological localities known occur from north to south, ranging in ages from the Neolithic through the Chalcolithic to the Late Bronze Age. Further research is required to prospect the known paleontological localities, and also to look for new ones, in order to obtain stratigraphically contextualized samples and to perform the first infrared and/or Raman spectroscopy analyses. This will allow comparing these with the infrared and/or Raman spectra of archeological pieces to shed light on the origin of the amber as a raw material during prehistoric times. The potential discovery of a paleontological locality yielding abundant bioinclusions would be of great interest, as it would allow taxonomic and paleoecological comparisons with the rich Cretaceous outcrops from the north and northeastern Iberian Peninsula

El trabajo desarrolla un análisis de las implicaciones territoriales de la producción de vivienda en Cataluña durante los años del boom inmobiliario. Se analiza la desigual distribución espacial de los impactos derivados del elevado volumen de producción combinados con la actual crisis inmobiliaria, así como las lógicas espaciales que subyacen en estos procesos. La proliferación de viviendas inacabadas y vacías presenta una distribución territorial que permite identificar territorios afectados por la sobreproducción y/o con una mayor concentración de expectativas de negocio inmobiliario frustrado. El estudio de los impactos territoriales de la crisis inmobiliaria actual no puede analizarse de forma separada a la huella generada por la hipertrofia inmobiliaria precedente. Por ello, las pautas territoriales de efectos derivados de ésta (viviendas vacías e inacabadas) se situarán en relación a las lógicas espaciales de la producción de vivienda durante el boom, a sus vínculos con un modelo de urbanizador expansivo y, en definitiva, a una geografía de la producción de vivienda en Cataluña. This paper develops an analysis of the uneven spatial impact of housing production in Catalonia during the real estate boom. It highlights the uneven spatial distribution of the impacts resulting from the housing production in combination with the current economic crisis, as well as the spatial logic underlying these processes. The proliferation of unfinished and vacant dwellings shows a spatial distribution that identifies the most affected areas of overproduction and/or with a higher concentration of frustrated real estate expectations. The study of the spatial impact of the current housing crisis cannot be analyzed separately from the footprint generated by the precedent property hypertrophy. Thus the territorial pattern of effects of the boom (vacant and unfinished houses) will be placed in relation to the spatial logic of production during the housing boom. Hence, its links with an expansive development model and, ultimately, a geography of housing production in Catalonia. L'article développe une analyse des inégalités spatiales de la production de logements en Catalogne pendant les années du boom de l'immobilier, en soulignant l'inégale répartition spatiale des impacts résultant de la surproduction et la crise actuelle, ainsi que les logiques spatiales derrière ces processus. La prolifération de logements vides et inachevés montre une répartition spatiale qui permet d'identifier les zones les plus touchées par la surproduction et / ou avec une concentration plus élevée d'attentes d'affaires immobiliers frustrées. L'étude de l'impact spatial de la crise actuelle du logement ne peut être analysée séparément de l'empreinte générée par l'hypertrophie immobilière précédente. Ainsi, le schéma territorial des effets du boom (logements vides et inachevées) seront mises en rapport avec la logique spatiale de la production de logements pendant le boom et ses liens avec un modèle de promoteur expansif et, en fin de compte, avec une géographie de la production de logements en Catalogne.

Genus Eosyntexis Rasnitsyn, 1990 Type species: Eosyntexis senilis Rasnitsyn, 1990. Included species: E. senilis Rasnitsyn, 1990 from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalia, E. tuffinae Rasnitsyn & Jarzembowski in Rasnitsyn et al., 1998 from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian in age) of England, E. catalonica Rasnitsyn & Martínez-Delclòs, 2000 and E. parva sp. n. from the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian and Albian in age, respectively) of Spain. New diagnosis of the genus. Forewing (Fig. 1 C-F, 2D) with pterostigma sclerotized; crossvein 1r-rs lost; cell 1mcu pentagonal or, if hexagonal, with one side very short; crossvein 2r-rs arising from the mid-part of pterostigma (not from near apex); M+Cu vein straight or slightly arched only very basally; section 3Cu shorter than 4Cu. Flagellomeres of the antenna less than twice as long as wide (Figs. 4A, C). Pronotum with distinct fore and upper faces meeting at angle (Fig. 3E). Propleura not elongated to form a distinct neck (Figs. 2B, 3A). Remarks. Within Syntexinae, Syntexis is the most distinct because of its flat pronotum, transparent (unsclerotized) pterostigma, R lost beyond pterostigma, 1r-rs retained, section 3Cu and cell 2a very long (longer than half of 1a). These characters are difficult to evaluate without a cladistic analysis, although they suggest that Eosyntexis is more closely related to Cretosyntexis than to Syntexis (except for the form of pronotum which is not known in sufficient detail for Cretosyntexis). Nevertheless, Eosyntexis is more like Syntexis than Cretosyntexis in some wing characters, such as having 2r-rs placed at pterostigmal mid-length (correlating with this, RS before it very long and arched near 1mcu), M+Cu straight and 1mcu pentagonal or almost so. Eosyntexis differs from the other genera in having flagellomeres comparatively short. The main similarity between Eosyntexis and Cretosyntexis lies in loss of 1r-rs and pronotum differentiated into fore and upper faces meeting at angle. Similarities between Syntexis and Eosyntexis are the straight M+Cu, the pentagonal 1mcu and the proximal position of 2r-rs. Finally, Syntexis and Cretosyntexis resemble each other in having long, narrow antennomeres. The exact relationships between the different genera are impossible to decide without a cladistic analysis., Published as part of Ortega-Blanco, J., Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Delclòs, X., 2008, First record of anaxyelid woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Anaxyelidae) in Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 1937 on page 42, {"references":["Rasnitsyn, A. P., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Ross, A. J. (1998) Wasps (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the Purbeck and Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England and their biostratigraphical and paleoenvironmental significance. Cretaceous Research, 23, 77 - 86.","Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Martinez-Delclos, X. (2000) Wasps (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of Spain. Acta Geologica Hispanica, 35, 65 - 95."]}

Subfamily Syntexinae Benson, 1935 Remarks: The family Anxyelidae is included in the Siricoidea [= Anaxyelidae + “ Gigasiricidae ” + Siricidae (sensu Grimaldi & Engel 2005); = Anaxyelidae + Protosiricidae + Daohugoidae + Siricidae + Xiphydriidae (sensu Rasnitsyn & Zhang 2004a, b, Rasnitsyn 2006)] and comprises four subfamilies: the Late Jurassic Anaxyelinae Martynov, 1925, the Late Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous Kempendajinae Rasnitsyn, 1980, the Lower Cretaceous Dolichostigmatinae, Rasnitsyn 1968 and the Lower Cretaceous – Recent Syntexinae Benson, 1935. The palaeogeographical range of the family is extensive, specimens being known from Central Asia, England, Spain and Brazil. The Syntexinae includes three genera: the extant Syntexis Rohwer, 1915 and two Lower Cretaceous genera, Eosyntexis Rasnitsyn, 1990 (Neocomian of East Siberia, Berriasian of England and Barremian of Spain) and Cretosyntexis Rasnitsyn & Martínez-Delclòs, 2000 (Barremian of Spain) (see Fig. 5). New diagnosis of Syntexinae. Pedicel as long as scape (known only for Syntexis and Eosyntexis parva n. sp.) (Figs. 2G and 4B). Pronotum with dorsal face well developed and crossed by medial suture or impressed line (Fig. 2C). Mesonotum with distinct transverse rugae (known for Syntexis and Cretosyntexis, although in E. parva similar rugae are present on the pronotum) (Figs. 2A, C and 3E). Fore wing with SC completely lost, 1r-rs either longer than 2r-rs or lost. Hind wing with r-m placed near RS bending and with m-cu lost (known only for Syntexis and Eosyntexis senilis). Remarks. The Syntexinae show an important simplification and reduction of the wing venation (Fig. 1): fore wing with SC completely lost, RS more or less straightened between cells 1mcu and 2r due to 1r-rs crossvein either long or lost, distal R and RS sometimes lost; hind wing when known with distal venation somewhat reduced, with r-m crossvein displaced basally and m-cu lost. Also the long pedicel, furrowed pronotum and mesonotum with marked sculpture distinguish Syntexinae from the three other subfamilies., Published as part of Ortega-Blanco, J., Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Delclòs, X., 2008, First record of anaxyelid woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Anaxyelidae) in Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 1937 on pages 41-42, {"references":["Benson, R. B., (1935) On the genera of the Cephidae, and the erection of a new family Syntexidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (ser. 10) 16, 534 - 553.","Grimaldi, D. & Engel, M. S. (2005) Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press, 775 pp.","Rasnitsyn A. P. & Zhang H. (2004 a) Composition and age of the Daohugou hymenopteran (Insecta, Hymenoptera = Vespida) assemblage from Inner Mongolia, China. Palaeontology, 47, 1507 - 1517.","Rasnitsyn A. P. (2006) Letopis' i cladogramma [Fossil record and cladogram]. In: Rozhnov S. V. (ed.). Evolutsiya biosphery i bioraznoobraziya [Evolution of biosphere and biodiversity]. Moscow, KMK Press, 39 - 48.","Rasnitsyn, A. P. (1980) Origin and evolution of the Hymenoptera. Transactions of the paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences of URSS, 174, 1 - 192 (in Russian).","Rohwer, S. A. (1915) A remarkable new genus of Cephidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 17, 114 - 117.","Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Martinez-Delclos, X. (2000) Wasps (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of Spain. Acta Geologica Hispanica, 35, 65 - 95."]}

The Iberian Chain developed by inversion of Mesozoic rifts of the Iberian Basin during the Paleogene. The Maestrat and Cameros basins developed during the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rifting cycle 2. There are two main controls on sedimentation: (1) tectonics, (2) climate, and these together control sea-level and paleoecosystems. Cameros and Maestrat basins display different styles of extensional tectonic structure probably due to a crust thermally weakened. Biotic changes in freshwater plants, continental faunas, and marine carbonate producers, reveal the evolution from Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous climate to show hydrological seasonality in a general warm and humid context. This is confirmed by the coexistence of biotic markers of hydrological stress (closed stomatal structures in plants, small size in animals) with sedimentologic indicators of a long-lasting humid climate (lateritic soils and karstic bauxite deposits). The long-term global sea-level curve fits the main transgressive-regressive evolution of the Maestrat basin with some local tectonic disturbances

The Iberian Chain developed by inversion of Mesozoic rifts of the Iberian Basin during the Paleogene. The Maestrat and Cameros basins developed during the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rifting cycle 2. There are two main controls on sedimentation: (1) tectonics, (2) climate, and these together control sea-level and paleoecosystems. Cameros and Maestrat basins display different styles of extensional tectonic structure probably due to a crust thermally weakened. Biotic changes in freshwater plants, continental faunas, and marine carbonate producers, reveal the evolution from Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous climate to show hydrological seasonality in a general warm and humid context. This is confirmed by the coexistence of biotic markers of hydrological stress (closed stomatal structures in plants, small size in animals) with sedimentologic indicators of a long-lasting humid climate (lateritic soils and karstic bauxite deposits). The long-term global sea-level curve fits the main transgressive-regressive evolution of the Maestrat basin with some local tectonic disturbances

This paper carries out the study of ichnofossils originated by insects found in the Lower Miocene locality of 'La Rinconada', near Ribesalbes (Province of Castellón, Spain). The main fossil record is integrated by plant-insect interactions that are observed in leaves and leaflets: ovipositions, mines and a chew mark. The insect ovipositions, on leaves of Laurophyllum, Caesalpiniaceae and Populus, show ovate to oblong eggs with 0.9-1.1 mm length and 0.2-0.3 mm width. They occur in eccentric arcs, sometimes with a zigzagged pattern. These ovipositions were produced by damselflies of the family Coenagrionidae. Insect mines are reported in leaves of Laurophyllum and Celtis?, and show a blotch shape in Laurophyllum sp., with a channel-structure, and a linear shape in Celtis sp.? Insect larvae, which were endophytophagous, i.e. internal plant parasites, produced these channel marks of leaf-mines. The mine patterns observed in Laurophyllum leaf are similar to those produced by the recent larvae of the Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera). Such a diverse set of plant-insect interactions are uncommon in the fossil record. In addition, one level with bioturbation, possibly produced by aquatic larval chironomids, is also described here. Key words: Insecta, Odonata, Coenagrionidae, ovipositions, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, leaf-mines, leaf chew marks, Miocene, Spain., En el presente trabajo se realiza el estudio de icnofósiles originados por insectos que se han encontrado en el yacimiento de 'La Rinconada', del Mioceno Inferior, en Ribesalbes (Castellón). El registro fósil más importante está constituido por interacciones planta-insecto observadas en hojas y folíolos: puestas, minas y una marca de mordedura en el margen foliar. Las puestas, en hojas de Laurophyllum, Caesalpiniaceae y Populus, muestran huevos con una forma aovada-oblonga con una longitud de 0,9-1,1 mm y una anchura de 0,2-0,3 mm. Su disposición muestra un patrón linear y curvo, ocasionalmente las líneas se disponen en zigzag. Estas ovoposiciones fueron producidas por odonatos de la familia Coenagrionidae. Las minas han sido observadas en hojas de Laurophyllum y Celtis?, y tienen forma de mancha en Laurophyllum sp., con estructura de galería, y una forma linear en Celtis sp.? Estas marcas de minas en las hojas fueron producidas por larvas endofitófagas que por ello eran también parásitos internos de las plantas. Los patrones de las minas en la hoja de Laurophyllum son similares a los producidos actualmente por larvas de la familia Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera). Las diferentes interacciones entre plantas e insectos aquí descritas son poco comunes en el registro fósil. Asimismo, se describe un nivel con bioturbación debida a larvas acuáticas de insectos, posiblemente quironómidos. Palabras clave: Insecta, Odonata, Coenagrionidae, puestas, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae, hojas minadas, marcas de mordedura, Mioceno, España.

The freshwater ecosystem of Las Hoyas contains one of the most significant records of aquatic organisms described from the Early Cretaceous worldwide. The benthos was formed by a diverse assemblage of animals such as aquatic insects, ostracods, cray-fishes, and juvenile and small adult fishes, which depended on the ground cover of charophytes and aquatic angiosperms for shelter and food. The nekton was mainly composed o f crustaceans and a large variety of fishes. Phytoplankton is represented by two chlorophytes and zooplankton is represented by planktonic pupae of dipterans. Cheirolepidiaceous conifers, matoniaceous tree-ferns and herbaceous schizaeacean ferns were growing in swamps. Among tetrapods with aquatic habitats modern amphibians and reptiles were found. In spite of the exceptional preservation, the fossil record of Las Hoyas includes sedimentological, taphonomic and palaeoecological biases. Form the palaeoecological point o f view, mass mortality levels contain thousands of individuals of crayfish associated with freshwater plant remains. These levels are attributed to eutrophication events of the otherwise oligotrophic lake. Other mass-mortality levels include hundreds of juvenile teleostean individuals associated with small shrimps. Changes in the water-table and related temperature changes, variation of acidity or input of toxic substances may account for this type of mass mortality.

Three beetles remains from the Lower Cretaceous lithographic limestones of Spain are described. We classified them into two new genus and three new species. One specimen named Tetraphalerus brevicapitis n.sp. was placed in the Cupedidae, and both Megacoptoclava longiurogomphia n.gen., n.sp. and Bolbonectus lithographicus n.gen., n.sp. in Coptoclavidae.

Wasps and their relatives from the Lower Cretaceous lithographic limestones of Spain have been studied. Thirty specimens representing 30 species (4 of them with undetermined placement), at least 21 genera and 11 families are recorded. We erect 1 new family - Andrenelidae-, 6 new genera and 11 new species: Meiaghilarella cretacica n.gen., n.sp. (Sepulcidae Ghilarellinae), Eosyntexis catalonicus n.sp., Cretosyntexis montsecensis n.gen., n.sp. (Anaxyelidae Syntexinae), Montsecephialtites zherikhini n.gen., n.sp. (Ephialtitidae Ephialtitinae), Karataus hispanicus n.sp. (Ephialtitidae Symphytopterinae), Manlaya ansorge i n.sp. (Gasteruptiidae Baissinae), Andrenelia pennata n.gen., n.sp. (Andrenelidae n. fam.), Cretoserphus gomezi n.gen., n.sp. (Mesoserphidae), Montsecosphex jarzembow skii n.gen., n.sp., Angarosphex penyalveri n.sp., Pompilopterus (?) noguerensis n.sp. (Sphecidae Angarosphecinae), Cretoscolia conquensis n.sp. (Scoliidae Archaeoscoliinae). The Mesozoic family Ephialtitidae is revisited based on the restudy of the type-species. We compare these Spanish Cretaceous assemblages with other ones from various parts of the world: Central and Eastern Asia, England, Australia, and Brazil. The number of genera and families identified in the Spanish fossil-sites is almost the same as in the English Purbeck and Wealden. The absence of some hymenopteran groups as Xyelidae, is consistent with the warm climate know to exist in Spain during the Early Cretaceous. We conclude that both La Cabrúa and La Pedrera assemblages - the two sites that have yielded the greatest number of species- correspond to the Lower Cretaceous “Baissin type” (sensu Rasnitsyn et al., 1998), but including some Jurassic “survivors”. La Pedrera assemblage fits equally well in the “angarosphecine subtype”, while La Cabrúa roughly corresponds to the “proctotrupid” one, although shows a comparative ly high proportion of angarosphecins. This fact may suggest: a) possibly asynchrony between these two fossilsites, b) environmental differences not reflected in the lithological record, c) different taphonomic processes and/or, d) insufficient sample size - to reflect the reality of the source populations-. La Pedrera assemblage is very similar to those from Weald Clay (England), Bon Tsagan (Mongolia) and Santana (Brazil). La Cabrúa approaches to a some extent, though not quite agrees with the Purbeck (UK), Koonwarra (Australia), and most Lower Cretaceous Asian assemblages.

This paper studies a significant part of the fossil hymenopterous of the Lower Miocene locality of 'La Rinconada', near Ribesalbes (Province of Castellón, Spain), housed in several collections. Formicidae studied by other authors in the early eighties are reviewed. New additions to the study of hymenopterans are new specimens assigned to the following taxa: Tiphiidae indet., Ammophila aff. sabulosa (Sphecidae), Bombus sp. (Apidae), Helconinae (Braconidae), cf. Eucerotinae (Ichneumonidae) and Pteromalidae indet., together with several undetermined forms of Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. Except for Formicidae, all these taxa are uncommon in the fossil record. At Ribesalbes, they are represented by single specimens, except for the two specimens of the genus Bombus. Taphonomic observations are included and two useful methods for the study of compressed fossil insects affected by tectonic deformation are proposed. Key words: Insecta, Hymenoptera, Lacustrine environment, Lower Miocene, Spain., En el presente trabajo se realiza el estudio de una parte importante de los himenópteros fósiles del yacimiento del Mioceno Inferior de 'La Rinconada', en Ribesalbes (Castellón), presentes en varias colecciones. Se realiza una revisión de los Formicidae estudiados por otros autores a principios de los 80. Se añaden al estudio de los himenópteros nuevos ejemplares que han sido incluidos en los siguientes taxones: Tiphiidae indet., Ammophila aff. sabulosa (Sphecidae), Bombus sp. (Apidae), Helconinae (Braconidae), cf. Eucerotinae (Ichneumonidae) y Pteromalidae indet., así como varias formas indeterminadas de las familias Braconidae e Ichneumonidae. Todos estos taxa, a excepción de los Formicidae, son poco comunes en el registro fósil. En Ribesalbes estos taxa están representados por un único ejemplar, a excepción de los dos especímenes del género Bombus. Se incluyen observaciones de tipo tafonómico y se proponen dos métodos útiles para el estudio de insectos fósiles en compresión que han experimentado deformaciones tectónicas, como es el caso de los insectos de Ribesalbes. Palabras clave: Insecta, Hymenoptera, Medio lacustre, Mioceno Inferior, España.

The Ribesalbes Lower Miocene fossil insects site (Castellón, Spain) is located in the Ribesalbes-Alcora basin (Iberian Range). This basin is a complex graben limited by normal faults. The fossil insects appear in oil shales which were formed from the sediments of a meromictic stratified lake. Bioturbation has not been observed but tectonic deformations are frequent. Both the extraordinary fossil preservation and the strong lamination of the sediments, suggest the action of algal or microbial mats. Apart from insects, other fossil remains have been found: Anura and Urodela amphibians, bird feathers, Gastropoda, Ostracoda and a high number of leaves, flowers and seeds. The study of the numerous specimens housed in Museo Paleontológico Municipal de Valencia, Museo del Colegio 'La Salle' de Paterna (Valencia), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid) as well as in private collections, has resulted in the identification of a high number of taxa not cited before in Ribesalbes (8 orders and 23 families). In this paper, the following orders are studied: Odonata, Grylloptera, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Psocoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera and Thysanoptera. Two new fossil species of dragonfly and damselflies are described, Oligaeschna saurai n. sp. (Aeshnidae) and Sympecma? ribesalbesensis n. sp. (Lestidae). The species Platycnemis? cincuneguii Gil, 1926, is redescribed. Isoptera, Orthoptera and Psocoptera fossil records from Ribesalbes provide new evidences which support the existence of a warm climate in this geographical area during the Lower Miocene. Key words: Insecta, Paleoptera, Neoptera, Lacustrine environment, Lower Miocene, Spain., El yacimiento con insectos fósiles de Ribesalbes (Castellón, España) pertenece a la cuenca de Ribesalbes-Alcora (Cordillera Ibérica), datada como Mioceno inferior. Esta cuenca corresponde a un graben complejo limitado por fallas normales. Los insectos fósiles se encuentran en ritmitas bituminosas formadas a partir de los sedimentos de un lago estratificado (meromíctico). Las ritmitas bituminosas no presentan bioturbación y están muy deformadas por tectónica. La conservación extraordinaria de los restos fósiles y una roca muy laminada sugieren la acción de tapices algales o velos microbianos. Además de insectos, han sido hallados anfibios anuros y urodelos, plumas de ave, Gastropoda, Ostracoda y un alto número de hojas, flores y semillas. El estudio de numerosos especímenes, conservados en el Museo Paleontológico Municipal de Valencia, Museo del Colegio 'La Salle' de Paterna (Valencia), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid) y en colecciones privadas, ha supuesto la identificación de un alto número de taxa no citados hasta ahora para este yacimiento (8 órdenes y 23 familias). En este trabajo se estudian 8 órdenes: Odonata, Grylloptera, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Psocoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera y Thysanoptera. Se describen las nuevas especies fósiles de odonatos Oligaeschna saurai n. sp. (Aeshnidae) y Sympecma? ribesalbesensis n. sp. (Lestidae). Se redescribe la especie Platycnemis? cincuneguii Gil, 1926, cuya localidad tipo es Ribesalbes. El registro existente de los órdenes Isoptera, Orthoptera y Psocoptera proporciona nuevas evidencias sobre la existencia de un clima cálido en este área geográfica durante el Mioceno inferior. Palabras clave: Insecta, Paleoptera, Neoptera, Medio lacustre, Mioceno inferior, España.

Trabajo presentado en el II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones celebrado en Cuenca.-- Field trip guide book. The taphonomic anal ysis of the Las Hoyas site is still at an early stage. This analysis is necessary since it is considered a prerequisite for paleoecological reconstructions (Shipman, 1981). Besides, taphonomic analysis has its own aims; in this case they could be summarized as the establishment of the temporal succession of processes which led to the formation of the site.

Filiació URV: SI El estallido de la burbuja inmobiliaria y la crisis financiera global han permitido destapar de forma más evidente las consecuencias del modelo inmobiliario español, basado en la concepción de la vivienda como un instrumento de creación y apropiación de rentas, y apoyado en una progresiva financiarización de la vivienda. Así, la proliferación de vivienda vacía o inacabada, mientras se desbocan los desahucios, representa la principal manifestación de una situación paradójica. El trabajo desarrolla un análisis en clave territorial de la crisis inmobiliaria en Cataluña. Para ello, una de las variables clave es el estudio de los desahucios por ejecución hipotecaria. Ante la falta de datos oficiales sobre el volumen y distribución de este fenómeno a una escala inferior a la provincial o a la del partido judicial, el trabajo propone el uso de las viviendas de segunda mano propiedad de la banca como fuente secundaria alternativa. Ello permite desarrollar una aproximación a este fenómeno a escala inframunicipal a través de tres casos de estudio (Tarragona, Terrassa y Salt). Además de confirmar la utilidad de esta fuente, los resultados del trabajo permiten demostrar empíricamente como los desahucios por ejecución hipotecaria han tendido a concentrarse en aquellos barrios más desfavorecidos, contribuyendo, así, a profundizar la desigualdad en las ciudades. The bursting of the real estate bubble and the onset of global financial crisis have allowed to unmask the consequences of the Spanish real estate model, which has been based on the conception of housing as an instrument for the creation and appropriation of urban rents, supported by a progressive financiarization of the built environment. Thus, the proliferation of vacant or unfinished housing together with a f

http://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/cuadgeo/article/view/2527 Filiació URV: SI El trabajo desarrolla un análisis de las implicaciones territoriales de la producción de vivienda en Cataluña durante los años del boom inmobiliario. Se analiza la desigual distribución espacial de los impactos derivados del elevado volumen de producción combinados con la actual crisis inmobiliaria, así como las lógicas espaciales que subyacen en estos procesos. La proliferación de viviendas inacabadas y vacías presenta una distribución territorial que permite identificar territorios afectados por la sobreproducción y/o con una mayor concentración de expectativas de negocio inmobiliario frustrado. El estudio de los impactos territoriales de la crisis inmobiliaria actual no puede analizarse de forma separada a la huella generada por la hipertrofia inmobiliaria precedente. Por ello, las pautas territoriales de efectos derivados de ésta (viviendas vacías e inacabadas) se situarán en relación a las lógicas espaciales de la producción de vivienda durante el boom, a sus vínculos con un modelo de urbanizador expansivo y, en definitiva, a una geografía de la producción de vivienda en Cataluña. This paper develops an analysis of the uneven spatial impact of housing production in Catalonia during the real estate boom. It highlights the uneven spatial distribution of the impacts resulting from the housing production in combination with the current economic crisis, as well as the spatial logic underlying these processes. The proliferation of unfinished and vacant dwellings shows a spatial distribution that identifies the most affected areas of overproduction and/or with a higher concentration of frustrated real estate expectations. The study of the spatial impact of the current housing crisis cannot be ana