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This paper proposes a white-box perspective that portrays a supply chain delivery process as a network of related activities which remains to be improved. It addresses a critical disadvantage of supply chain delivery performance models, namely considering a delivery process as a whole and ignoring characteristics and relationships between activities in the delivery process. A delivery process is modeled using the Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique based on the characteristic function (CF-GERT). Based on the CF-GERT model, a framework for applying managerial effort to activities to improve overall delivery performance is proposed. Then, particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on the penalty function is used to solve the delivery performance improvement framework. Finally, a numerical case shows how applying efforts to activities can effectively improve delivery performance and demonstrates the influence of several parameters on the related costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to coordinate a shipment lead time hedging (SLTH) problem between a building contractor and a logistics provider in the prefabricated construction supply chain (PCSC). In the PCSC, untimely (early or late) delivery of prefabs can lead to project time and cost overruns. To mitigate this challenge, the building contractor requires the logistics provider to reduce the shipping time variability, which is termed the SLTH strategy. While this benefits the building contractor, it also puts more investment and operational pressures on the logistics provider. To solve this conflict, we introduce a coordination mechanism which involves two terms: an SLTH level related cost term is charged by the logistics provider to the building contractor, and a constant transfer term is adopted to fairly allocate the system surplus. Three decentralized models are investigated: i.e., two Stackelberg game models with alternative decision-making sequences and an equal power model. Further comparative analysis and numerical studies reveal that our proposed coordination mechanism increases the SLTH level and ensures a win–win situation. Moreover, some interesting managerial implications are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a cost-based supply chain delivery performance model, accurately depicting the penalty cost associated with an untimely delivery is an important component of the supply chain’s delivery performance. This paper introduces a two-stage time-sensitive supply chain, where the penalty cost caused by early and late delivery is treated as a power function of the default time. This default time is the deviation in time from the actual delivery time to the delivery window. Both the buyer and the supplier want to reduce the default time. After considering the product’s value over time and the buyers’ attitude with respect to a breach of contract, the penalty cost is constructed as the product of a nonlinear function of default time and as a linear function of the penalty factor. This yields the conditions associated with the optimal delivery window, to minimize the expected penalty with the power function. The paper shows the effect of the delivery window, penalty factor, and time sensitivity factor on supply chain performance, leading to recommendations for improved performance. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The model helps buyers more accurately determine costly losses, enabling them to reduce the impact of any default caused by suppliers. For exponentially distributed lead time, choosing the optimal delivery window position for delivery can reduce the expected penalty cost by as much as seven times. The average delivery time is shortened from 30 days to 20 days, and the expected penalty cost will be reduced by about 50%. This is a powerful tool for use in improving supply chain performance and also provides directions for improving strategies and a theoretical basis for buyers and suppliers wanting to jointly optimize supply chain performance.

Purpose: This empirical study examines the impact of key factors on E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention in the online supermarket industry in Indonesia. The research utilizes a quantitative approach with structural equation modeling (SEM) and gathers data through a cross-sectional survey conducted among online supermarket customers. The survey instrument includes questions related to price transparency, online shopping interface, safe transaction, delivery performance (independent variables), and E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention (dependent variables). Design/Method/Approach: The analysis, based on data from 228 respondents, reveals that Delivery Performance and E-commerce Performance play critical roles in determining overall E-commerce Performance. Additionally, Price Transparency emerges as a crucial factor significantly influencing Digital Customer Retention. However, Online Shopping Interface and Safe Transaction demonstrate limited impact on both E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention. Theoretical Implications: Theoretical implications of the study contribute to the understanding of the essential factors that influence E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention within the context of online supermarkets in Indonesia. The findings emphasize the significance of delivery reliability, price transparency, and overall E-commerce Performance in driving customer satisfaction and retention. Practical Implications: Practically, the research offers valuable insights for businesses operating in the online supermarket industry in Indonesia. To retain digital customers and enhance overall business success, companies should prioritize optimizing their delivery processes, enhancing price transparency, and improving E-commerce Performance. Though not directly applicable in this study, the research findings have potential social implications for policymakers and regulators in the e-commerce sector. Implementing policies that promote reliable delivery, transparent pricing, and a conducive online shopping environment could positively impact the online supermarket industry and the broader e-commerce landscape. Originality/Value: The research contributes to existing literature by focusing on the online supermarket industry in Indonesia and exploring the specific impact of key factors on E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention. These findings offer valuable insights to researchers and industry practitioners interested in understanding e-commerce success factors. Research Limitations/Future Research: The study's limitations include its concentration on online supermarkets in Indonesia, potentially limiting generalizability. Future research could broaden the scope to include other online retailers and countries. Additionally, exploring other potential influential factors and utilizing diverse research methods could provide a more comprehensive understanding of e-commerce success. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the factors influencing E-commerce Performance and Digital Customer Retention in the online supermarket industry in Indonesia. The findings underscore the importance of delivery reliability, price transparency, and overall E-commerce Performance in enhancing customer satisfaction and retention. The research has practical implications for businesses and potential social implications for policymakers, making valuable contributions to the existing literature in the field of e-commerce. Paper Type: Empirical

Customers are increasingly using online reviews in their purchase decision-making processes. As sellers benefit from displaying several reviews with favorable ratings, many sellers solicit reviews from customers. When a customer places an order on an e-commerce platform, the seller gets a notification to fulfill the order, and the customer is notified of the estimated delivery date. Some customers receive their products on time, while others receive their orders either earlier or later than the notified delivery date. After customers receive their products, the sellers often solicit reviews. This research focuses on the impact of delivery performance on review ratings. Specifically, this study addresses two questions: (1) Do customers reward sellers for early delivery in the same way they penalize them for late deliveries? (2) What is the role of the temporal distance of rating in online ratings in the context of delivery performance? The study estimates ordinal logit models in the Bayesian framework. Findings of the study indicate that customers give much lower (a little higher) ratings to orders delivered late (early) than to orders delivered on time. Further, the findings indicate that temporal distance is positively associated with ratings for late deliveries. The study discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of experiencing a backorder on customers' purchase behaviors the next four years. When an item is temporarily out of stock, it is common practice for a retailer to inform customers that the item can be ordered but shipping is delayed. This is referred to as a backorder. Measuring the impact of backorder delays on future customer purchase behavior is critical for customer relationship management but challenging because of endogeneity: the best customers are most likely to experience backorders. In this paper, we develop a quasi-experimental approach to measure the effect of a backorder delay that generalizes to most online, durable goods retailers. We show that, on average, a backorder delay leads to a 2.1% decrease in customer orders the subsequent year and is moderated by shipping delay. Among customers who experience a shipping delay beyond 10 days, there is a 6.1% reduction in orders the subsequent year and a 4.6% loss in cumulative orders over four years. In our study, this results in as much as 25 million dollars per year in lost profit. Attempts to mitigate the negative effect of backorders by varying the quoted shipping date had little measurable impact. But our analysis uncovers moderators of the negative impact, which allows managers to prioritize customer outreach among buyers who experience a backorder delay. History: Olivier Toubia served as the senior editor and Avi Goldfarb served as associate editor for this article. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2022.1384. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of the enterprise blockchain research supporting supply chain management calls for investigations of their impact and mindfulness of their design, use cases, and pilots. With a blockchain design for the Proof of Delivery (PoD) process management, this paper contributes to learning about performance measurement and the transaction costs implications during the development and application of smart contracts. An experimental design science approach is applied to develop an open-source blockchain to explore ways to make the delivery processes more efficient, the proof of delivery more reliable, and the performance measurements more accurate. The theory of Transaction Costs is applied to evaluate the cost implications of the adoption of smart contracts in the management of the PoD. The findings show that smart contracts make the delivery processes more efficient and proof of delivery more reliable. Yet, the methods and metrics are too complex and qualitative, limiting the smart contract’s capability to measure performance. Our findings indicate potential transaction costs reduction by implementing a blockchain-based performance measurement. The complexities of the delivery process and proof of delivery call for pre-contractual steps to identify the processes and performance metrics to design blockchains. Smart contracts need further development and digital aids to handle qualitative inspections and proof of delivery generation during the delivery process. The blockchain requires the system’s capacity to record off-chain transactions, such as in case of disputes resolutions. The authors extended blockchain research beyond the theoretical level, designing an open-source blockchain for supply chain management within the use case, pilot design, and case study.

Purpose: Following the banning of expanded polystyrene packaging material, the fast food restaurant industry was serendipitously plunged into green sourcing initiatives for its packaging materials leading to heightened efforts on evaluating the suitability of various suppliers of green packaging material. This study therefore sought to assess the performance of selected suppliers on supplier performance metrics of total cost of ownership, quality of sourced material and delivery performance, in Zimbabwe’s restaurant industry.

Objective. Time perception is a critical point for curling athletes to have in order to successfully complete interactions between themselves and their environment. Exploring the relationship between the accuracy of duration judgment and curling athletes' performance is helpful to reveal the influencing factors on their performance and to provide a reference for the training of athletes' delivery performance. Methods. Thirty curling athletes and 30 non-athletes were recruited as participants. Using 3D modeling technology, curling videos of different situations were presented to the participants as stimulus information, and the participants were required to complete the duration judgment task. The neural activation of the participants during the entire process of duration judgment was recorded using electroencephalogram (EEG) equipment. The performance of the 30 curlers participating in the experiment was measured. Variance analyses were conducted on the collected behavioral and EEG data, and correlation and regression analyseswere conducted between behavioral data and delivery performance. Results. The accuracy of the distance judgment of curlers was higher than that of non- curlers (P < 0.05). In the stimulus video presentation stage, the power in the alpha band of curlers was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05). In the task decision stage, the power in the alpha band of curlers was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05), and the power in the theta band was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05). There was a correlation between the accuracy of the curlers' perception of specific situational time intervals and the accuracy of delivery (P < 0.05). Regression analysis results were y = 3.422 C 1.415x. Conclusion. The accuracy of curling athletes' duration judgment is high in a specific situation. There is a correlation between the accuracy of duration judgment and delivery performance in a specific situation: the higher the accuracy of specific duration perception, the higher the performance accuracy of delivery. The cognitive strategies adopted by curlers differ from those adopted by non-athletes in the completion of duration judgment. Specifically, in a specific situation, fewer attention resources are utilized in the stimulus presentation and decision-making stages, while more memory resources are utilized in the decision-making stage to ensure higher accuracy of interval judgment. This study provides a new idea for exploring the causes of curling athletes' excellent technical performance and provides a reference for future curling research on competition training practice. Given the limitations of mobile EEG devices in this study, future studies can measure neural activity during actual delivery preparation and execution in an environment of high ecological validity to obtain more direct evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network structures have been diffusely adopted in logistics systems, where the most critical target is completing the delivery within the promised timeframe. This paper focuses on a single commodity in a multistate intermodal logistics network (MILN) with transit stations and routes to involve three parameters: a route’s capacity, delivery time and time window. There is a carrier along each route whose number of available containers is multistate because the containers can be occupied by other customers. The delivery time consisting of the service time, travel time and waiting time varies with the number of containers and vehicle type. The arrival time at the transit station should be within the time window, the interval between the earliest and latest acceptable arrival times. This paper evaluates the system reliability, the probability that the MILN can successfully deliver sufficient amount of the commodity to meet market demand via several transit stations under the delivery time threshold and time windows. The system reliability can be treated as a delivery performance index and is evaluated with a proposed algorithm in terms of minimal paths. A practical case of scooter parts distribution between Taiwan and China is presented to emphasise the management implications of system reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of several antecedents of customer satisfaction in the online shopping industry, namely site design, time savings, product variation, and shipping performance, and its consequence on customer satisfaction and word of mouth. This study uses purposive sampling with repeat buyer criteria. 100 samples qualify and deserve to be tested after testing their validity and reliability. The results showed that site design, time savings, and delivery performance significantly affected customer satisfaction. Meanwhile, site design, time savings, and product variations affect word of mouth. In addition, the results also confirm the hidden role of customer satisfaction as a partial mediating variable. Thus, the market must increase the availability of products and services to increase customer satisfaction in order to increase word of mouth activities.

PT. FMC is a manufacturing company in producing pesticides and classified into 3 herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. The use of pesticides is very important to maintain the quality of the crop, the delivery of products may not be late because it will disrupt the consumer production chain but unfortunately PT. FMC delivery performance has a big issue, delivery is an important metric because influences to customer satisfaction. This research focuses on how companies are able to identify problems, analyze and solve these problems using the Six Sigma methodology. The method is used because the method has a cycle of how companies solve a problem that can disrupt business processes. And the results of research in finding problems in this business process are (1) problems triggered by delays in the arrival of material both raw material and packaging material. (2) the customer delays delivery several times (3) the Warehouse Leader is late in inputting data and Post Goods Issue.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of website design, reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance towards customer satisfaction in the Indonesian e-commerce industry. The instrument for collecting the data is using the questionnaire. The number of samples that obtained in this study is 200 samples, in which, 15 of them should be omitted since those questionnaires weren’t filled properly, resulted in a total of 185 samples being deemed usable and used for this study. The data were analyzed using PLS-SEM Method. The results of this study found reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance has positive and significant effect toward customer satisfaction, in which product variety has the highest effect toward customer satisfaction among the other variables. However, this study also found out that there is no significant effect between website design and customer satisfaction. This study further suggests that company specializing in the e-commerce industry should always enhance their product and services to their customer, in which customers will be satisfied, thus increasing their likeliness to repeat their purchasing experience on the company in the future. Bahasa Indonesia Asbtrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui secara mendalam pengaruh desain website,keandalan, penghematan waktu, variasi produk, dan kinerja pengiriman terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada industri e-commerce di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, dimana, kuesioner digunakan sebagai instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data. Sebanyak 200 responden berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini, dimana, 15 kuesioner harus dibuang karena pengisian yang tidak lengkap. Dengan demikian, sebanyak 185 data yang valid dan reliabel digunakan untuk selanjutnya digunakan dan diproses pada penelitian ini. Seluruh data diolah dengan menggunakan metode partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, diperoleh hasil bahwa reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, dimana, variabel product variety memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dibandingkan dengan beberapa variabel yang lain. Sementara itu, hasil pengolahan data pada penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa website design tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Berdasarkan hasil ini, maka peneliti ingin merekomendasikan kepada seluruh perusahaan Indoesia yangn bergerak di bidang e-commerce untuk dapat terus meningkatkan performa perusahaan berkaitan dengan kualitas produk dan jasanya kepada pelanggan, dengan harapan bahwa hal ini dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan serta meningkatkan intensi pelanggan untuk dapat mengulangi aktivitas pembelian terhadap perusahaan tersebut di masa mendatang.

Supplier development in the farming industry takes the form of contract farming. Contract farming was introduced to tobacco farming in 2004. Prior to that contract farming has been thriving in other crops such as cotton and sugarcane. Previous studies on tobacco farming had an unbalanced focus on the social aspects of contract farming thereby largely neglecting the economic benefits of the same phenomenon. This study therefore seeks to determine how supplier development in the form of contract farming impact on supplier performances. A survey of 20 tobacco firms who had to rate 400 farmers was conducted, and the findings indicated that contract farming leads to improved cost performance and quality performance. However, the study recorded no statistically significant effects of contract farming on delivery performance. It was therefore recommended that contract farming structures must be strengthened in order to reap on the achieved benefits in terms of improved cost performance and quality performance.

With the advent of the Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing philosophy, scheduling problems with delivery performance have received significant attention in recent years. The JIT concept requires not only a penalty for lateness but also for earliness and therefore both early and tardy deliveries are highly discouraged. In this paper, the dynamic scheduling of a single batch processing machine has been addressed for controlling the delivery performance between earliness and tardiness measures. A Look Ahead Batching (LAB) strategy has been proposed. In LAB, the scheduling decisions are made considering the arrival epochs and due dates of the incoming lots, which are easily predictable in a computer-integrated manufacturing environment, especially in the semiconductor industry. LAB strategy is used to control the delivery performance, which involves a trade-off between the conflicting objectives of minimizing earliness- and tardiness-related measures simultaneously. The potential of LAB strategy in controlling delivery performance is demonstrated by an extensive simulation study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The delivery of green building projects is often more difficult than that for of non–green building projects, thereby resulting in low project performance. To overcome the difficulties and improve the delivery performance of green building projects, there is a need to explore the perceived relationship between motivation and owner commitment (OC) based on the self-determination theory (SDT) of motivation. However, no previous research has empirically tested this relationship in the context of the performance of green building delivery. Therefore, the current study evaluated this relationship using survey data from 150 project owners of green building projects in the Australian building sector. The data obtained were analyzed using both confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of eight hypotheses (H1–H8). The SEM results reveal that OC had a direct positive relationship with traditional delivery performance (TDP). Additionally, only the internal motivation (INT) of project owners was found to have a direct positive relationship with sustainability delivery performance (SDP), and this relationship was partially mediated by OC. External motivation (EXT) had no direct positive relationship with OC, TDP, or SDP. The study concludes that OC helps to improve the TDP of green building projects, but the INT of project owners is required to increase their commitment to improving the SDP of green building projects. In addition, the EXT of project owners is not effective in increasing their commitment, and it does not contribute to improving TDP and SDP of green building projects. Theoretically, the application of SDT of motivation helps to contribute to the knowledge of how to improve the delivery performance of green building projects in the field of construction management and engineering. Practically, this study will help project owners to contribute to improving the delivery performance of green building projects. This study also provides the direction that policies for encouraging the development of green building projects and associated practices should take in both Australia and the United States henceforth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]