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2. Paleodust variability since the Last Glacial Maximum and implications for iron inputs to the ocean

Author

Albani, S, Mahowald, NM, Murphy, LN, Raiswell, R, Moore, JK, Anderson, RF, McGee, D, Bradtmiller, LI, Delmonte, B, Hesse, PP, and Mayewski, PA

Subjects
Climate Action, Life Below Water, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Changing climate conditions affect dust emissions and the global dust cycle, which in turn affects climate and biogeochemistry. In this study we use observationally constrained model reconstructions of the global dust cycle since the Last Glacial Maximum, combined with different simplified assumptions of atmospheric and sea ice processing of dust-borne iron, to provide estimates of soluble iron deposition to the oceans. For different climate conditions, we discuss uncertainties in model-based estimates of atmospheric processing and dust deposition to key oceanic regions, highlighting the large degree of uncertainty of this important variable for ocean biogeochemistry and the global carbon cycle. We also show the role of sea ice acting as a time buffer and processing agent, which results in a delayed and pulse-like soluble iron release into the ocean during the melting season, with monthly peaks up to ~17 Gg/month released into the Southern Oceans during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).

Published
2016

9. The fast-acting 'pulse' of Heinrich Stadial 3 in a mid-latitude boreal ecosystem

Author

Badino F.[1, Pini R.[2], Bertuletti P.[2, Ravazzi C.[2], Delmonte B.[3], Monegato G.[4], Reimer P.[5], Vallé F.[3], Arrighi S.[1, Bortolini E.[1], Figus C.[1], Lugli F.[1, Maggi V.[3], Marciani G.[1, Margaritora D.[3, Oxilia G.[1], Romandini M.[1, Sara Silvestrini S.[1], Stefano Benazzi S.[1, Federica Badino, Roberta Pini, Paolo Bertuletti, Cesare Ravazzi, Barbara Delmonte, Giovanni Monegato, Paula Reimer, Francesca Vallé, Simona Arrighi, Eugenio Bortolini, Carla Figus, Federico Lugli, Valter Maggi, Giulia Marciani, Davide Margaritora, Gregorio Oxilia, Matteo Romandini, Sara Silvestrini, Stefano Benazzi, Badino, F, Pini, R, Bertuletti, P, Ravazzi, C, Delmonte, B, Monegato, G, Reimer, P, Vallé, F, Arrighi, S, Bortolini, E, Figus, C, Lugli, F, Maggi, V, Marciani, G, Margaritora, D, Oxilia, G, Romandini, M, Silvestrini, S, and Benazzi, S

Subjects
Marine isotope stage, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Medicine, Boreal ecosystem, 01 natural sciences, Article, Paleoclimatology, Heinrich Stadial 3, Palaeoclimate, Palaeoecology, Terrestrial records, boreal ecosystem, Stadial, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, lcsh:R, Northern Hemisphere, paleoclimatology, Environmental sciences, HeinrichEvents, palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology, pollen, palaeofires, Boreal, 13. Climate action, Middle latitudes, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, Geology, Climate sciences, Teleconnection
Abstract

A 3800 year-long radiocarbon-dated and highly-resolved palaeoecological record from Lake Fimon (N-Italy) served to investigate the effects of potential teleconnections between North Atlantic and mid-to-low latitudes at the transition from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to 2. Boreal ecosystems documented in the Fimon record reacted in a sensitive way to millennial and sub-millennial scale Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation patterns. The high median time-resolution of 58 years allows the identification of five abrupt event-boundaries (i.e., main forest expansion and decline excursions) synchronous with the sharp stadial/interstadial (GS/GI) transitions within dating uncertainties. During Heinrich Stadial 3 (HS 3) we reconstruct more open and dry conditions, compared to the other GS, with a dominant regional scale fire signal. Linkages between local fires and climate-driven fuel changes resulted in high-magnitude fire peaks close to GI/GS boundaries, even exacerbated by local peatland conditions. Finally, palaeoecological data from the HS 3 interval unveiled an internal variability suggesting a peak between 30,425 and 29,772 cal BP (2σ error) which matches more depleted δ18O values in alpine speleothems. We hypothesise that this signal, broadly resembling that of other mid-latitudes proxies, may be attributed to the southward shift of the Northern Hemisphere storm tracks and the associated delayed iceberg discharge events as documented during other HS.

Published
2020

14. Regionalization of the Atmospheric Dust Cycle on the Periphery of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet Since the Last Glacial Maximum

Author

Baccolo G.[1, 2, Delmonte B.[2], Albani S.[4], Baroni C.[5, Cibin G.[7], Frezzotti M.[8], Hampai D.[9], Marcelli A.[9, 10] Revel M.[11], Salvatore M.C.[5, 6] Stenni B.[12], Maggi V.[2, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Milano], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Earth Sciences Department, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, DIAMOND Light source, Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), INFN Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics [Venezia], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Baccolo, G., Delmonte, B., Albani, S., Baroni, Carlo, Cibin, G., Frezzotti, M., Hampai, D., Marcelli, A., Revel, M., Salvatore, M. C., Stenni, B., Maggi, V., Baccolo, G, Delmonte, B, Albani, S, Baroni, C, Cibin, G, Frezzotti, M, Hampai, D, Marcelli, A, Revel, M, Salvatore, M, Stenni, B, and Maggi, V

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ice cores, Antarctic ice sheet, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mineral dust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atmospheric mineral dust, Ice core, Geochemistry and Petrology, chemical index of alteration, Glacial period, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Antarctica, Glacial geology, glaciers, Atmospheric mineral dust, chemical index of alteration, Holocene, ice cores, weathering, Last Glacial Maximum, 15. Life on land, Antarctica, weathering, Geophysics, Glacial geology, not available, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, 13. Climate action, Interglacial, glaciers, Physical geography, Ice sheet, ice core, Geology
Abstract

Ice cores from inner East Antarctica provided some of the longest and most detailed climatic reconstructions and allowed understanding the relationships between atmospheric mineral dust and climate. In this work we present synchrotron radiation X-ray Fluorescence geochemical data of dust from the TALDICE ice core drilled at Talos Dome, a peripheral ice dome of East Antarctica (Western Ross Sea). Results highlight a dominant southern South American origin for dust at TALDICE during the Last Glacial Maximum, similarly to other sites located further inland onto the polar plateau. On the contrary, a different scenario concerns Talos Dome during the Holocene if it is compared to more inner sites. The tight connection between high southern latitudes and Antarctica that characterizes cold climate stages becomes weaker since the onset of the last climatic transition and throughout the Holocene. The net effect of this process at Talos Dome is a modification of the atmospheric and environmental settings, owing to local Antarctic sources of Victoria Land to gain importance and become the dominant ones. At the same time in inner East Antarctica the provenance of dust remains remote also during Holocene, revealing an evolution of the homogeneous scenario observed in glacial periods. The enhanced sensitivity of peripheral ice sheet sites to local dust sources makes Talos Dome an ideal site to assess the climatic and atmospheric changes of the peripheral sectors of East Antarctica during the current interglacial period.Plain Language Summary During the Last Glacial Maximum, about 20,000 years ago, mineral dust from South America was massively transported toward Antarctica as a consequence of impressive environmental and climatic changes. Many ice cores drilled from the inner sectors of the Antarctic ice sheets support this scenario. Little is known when attention is shifted to peripheral areas and to interglacial periods. A new record of mineral particles at Talos Dome, a peripheral area of the East Antarctic ice sheet (Western Ross Sea sector), is here presented to partially close these gaps. Combining the data about concentration, composition, and grain size of the dust deposited at Talos Dome, it was possible to appreciate the influence played by local Antarctic dust sources to the depositional budget of the site. These local sources, corresponding to localized ice-free areas, are extremely important when attention is given to the peripheries of the ice sheets. This is particularly true for interglacial periods, when the transport and the deposition of mineral dust from South America to Antarctica is much reduced.

Published
2018

15. Holocene dust in East Antarctica: Provenance and variability in time and space

Author

Delmonte B.[1], Winton H.[2, Baroni M.[4], Baccolo G.[1], Hansson M.[5], Andersson P.[6], Baroni C.[7, Salvatore M.C.[7, Lanci L.[9], Maggi V.[1], Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio (DISAT), Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), SYNTHESYS project [SE-TAF-5636], 'Friends of the Museum' Grant, Franco-Italian project SOLARICE [IPEV1145, PNRA16_00008], Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Delmonte, B, Winton, H, Baroni, M, Baccolo, G, Hansson, M, Andersson, P, Baroni, C, Salvatore, M, Lanci, L, and Maggi, V

Subjects
Archeology, Provenance, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ice cores, provenance, Flux, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, dust stratigraphy, Ice core, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, dust, East Antarctica, Ecology, Spacetime, Paleontology, East antarctica, Physical geography, ice core, Geology
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-knowledge of dust flux and variability in time and space in different sectors of East Antarctica during the Holocene. By integrating the literature data with new evidences, we discuss the dust flux and grain-size variability during the current interglacial and its provenance in the innermost part of the East Antarctic plateau as well as in peripheral regions located close to the Transantarctic Mountains. The local importance of aeolian mineral dust aerosol deflated from low-elevation areas of peripheral East Antarctica is also discussed in the light of new data from several coastal, low-elevation sites.

Published
2019

16. Dust--climate couplings over the past 800,000 years from the EPICA Dome C ice core

Author

Lambert, F., Delmonte, B., Petit, J.R., Bigler, M., Kaufmann, P.R., Hutterli, M.A., Stocker, T.F., Ruth, U., Steffensen, J.P., and Maggi, V.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Dust can affect the radiative balance of the atmosphere by absorbing or reflecting incoming solar radiation (1); it can also be a source of micronutrients, such as iron, to the [...]

Published
2008

18. One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica

Author

Barbante, C., Barnola, J.-M., Becagli, S., Beer, J., Bigler, M., Boutron, C., Blunier, T., Castellano, E., Cattani, O., Chappellaz, J., Dahl-Jensen, D., Debret, M., Delmonte, B., Dick, D., Falourd, S., Faria, S., Federer, U., Fischer, H., Freitag, J., Frenzel, A., Fritzsche, D., Fundel, F., Gabrielli, P., Gaspari, V., Gersonde, R., Graf, W., Grigoriev, D., Hamann, I., Hansson, M., Hoffmann, G., Hutterli, M. A., Huybrechts, P., Isaksson, E., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kaczmarska, M., Karlin, T., Kaufmann, P., Kipfstuhl, S., Kohno, M., Lambert, F., Lambrecht, Anja, Lambrecht, Astrid, Landais, A., Lawer, G., Leuenberger, M., Littot, G., Loulergue, L., Luthi, D., Maggi, V., Marino, F., Masson-Delmotte, V., Meyer, H., Miller, H., Mulvaney, R., Narcisi, B., Oerlemans, J., Oerter, H., Parrenin, F., Petit, J.-R., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Rothlisberger, R., Ruth, U., Rybak, O., Severi, M., Schmitt, J., Schwander, J., Siegenthaler, U., Siggaard-Andersen, M.-L., Spahni, R., Steffensen, J. P., Stenni, B., Stocker, T. F., Tison, J.-L., Traversi, R., Udisti, R., Valero-Delgado, F., van den Broeke, M. R., van de Wal, R. S. W., Wagenbach, D., Wegner, A., Weiler, K., Wilhelms, F., Winther, J.-G., and Wolff, E.

Abstract

Author(s): EPICA Community Members; EPICA Community Members; C. Barbante [1, 2]; J.-M. Barnola [3]; S. Becagli [4]; J. Beer [5]; M. Bigler [6, 7]; C. Boutron [3]; T. Blunier [6]; [...]

Published
2006
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20. Comparing the Epica and Vostok dust records during the last 220,000 years: stratigraphical correlation and provenance in glacial periods

Author

Delmonte, B., Basile-Doelsch, I., Petit, J.-R., Maggi, V., Revel-Rolland, M., Michard, A., Jagoutz, E., and Grousset, F.

Subjects
Antarctica -- Environmental aspects, Earth sciences
Abstract

A new aeolian dust record from the first 2200 m of the EPICA-Dome C ice core (75[degrees]06' S, 123[degrees]21' E) covering about 220,000 years of climatic history is compared to the Vostok (78[degrees]28' S, 106[degrees]48' E) ice core [Nature 399 (1999) 429]. The two dust profiles are very similar and several common dust events allow to establish stratigraphical links. The late Quatemary period is characterized at both sites, and likely overall East Antarctic plateau, by high dust input during glacial periods. In the EPICA-Dome C ice core, the dust flux rises by a factor of ~25, ~20 and ~12 in glacial stages 2, 4 and 6 with respect to interglacial periods (Holocene and stage 5.5). The magnitude and pattern of changes are comparable in the Vostok ice core. In this study, the geographical origin of ice core dust (ICD) in cold periods has been investigated at both sites through [sup.87]Sr/[sup.86]Sr versus [sup.143]Nd/[sup.144]Nd isotopic tracers, following the previous studies of Grousset et al. [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 111 (1992) 175] and Basile et al. [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 146 (1997) 573]. The new data and the existing ones allow to define the isotopic fields for dust at the two Antarctic sites that are almost identical and restricted into the 0.708 To decipher the ICD provenance, more than 50 samples of loess and aeolian deposits, sands and fluvioglacial sediments from the Potential Source Areas (PSAs) of the Southern Hemisphere have been collected. However, the methodology has been refined with respect to former studies. First, the isotopic fractionation that can occur in function of grain size has been taken into account, and the PSA's signature has been defined in the < 5 [micro]m size range, within which fine-grained dust reaching Antarctica is found. Moreover, a possible contribution from carbonates on the samples from PSAs has also been also considered. South Africa and Australia can be excluded as dominant sources, but a partial overlap arises among southern South America, New Zealand and the Antarctic Dry Valleys isotopic fields, these latter two documented for the first time. A possible contribution from all these three sources cannot be excluded, but complementary arguments suggest the dominant contribution to East Antarctic dust in glacial times deriving from the southern South American region of Patagonia and the Pampas. This study shows a first-order uniformity in the dust flux and geographical provenance to the East Antarctica plateau during glacial periods. Keywords: Dust; Ice cores; Antarctica; Sr-Nd; Paleoclimate

Published
2004

22. Shape and size constraints on ice core dust optical properties

Author

Potenza, MAC, Delmonte, B, Albani, S, Baccolo, G, Maggi, V, Cremonesi, L, Potenza, M, Delmonte, B, Albani, S, Baccolo, G, Maggi, V, and Cremonesi, L

Subjects
ice core, antarctica, atmospheric mineral dust, optical properties
Published
2018

24. New results from the mineral dust record of the TALDICE ice core

Author

Baccolo, G, Delmonte, B, Cibin, G, Clemenza, M, Hampai, D, Marcelli, A, Nastasi, M, Previtali, E, Maggi, V, Baccolo, G, Delmonte, B, Cibin, G, Clemenza, M, Hampai, D, Marcelli, A, Nastasi, M, Previtali, E, and Maggi, V

Subjects
ice core, Antarctica, atmospheric mineral dust
Abstract

Thanks to ice cores the history of the dust cycle and its tight connections with the climatic system were reconstructed. Here we present an update of the current research on the atmospheric dust content of the TALDICE ice core (Ross Sea sector, East Antarctica). Thanks to the application of different techniques it was possible to characterize the mineral particles deposited in the last 150 kyr. New constraints on provenance during the last climatic cycle will be given, showing that peripheral and inner sites, well coupled during glacial stages, present differences in relation to the different atmospheric evolution occurred during the last climatic transition. In addition the analysis of the elemental composition of dust allowed preparing a first and preliminary inventory of the elemental depositional fluxes in Antarctica. This is the first step to define a robust reference to assess the current impact of human activities on Antarctic glaciochemistry. But important results were also achieved looking at the deep disturbed part of TALDICE. For the first time significant weathering affecting particles entrapped in deep ice was appreciated and quantified. Chemical and physical processes alter the composition and aggregation state of dust below a critical depth. Future projects focused on the retrieval of very ancient ice, will need to take into account such phenomena.

Published
2018

25. L'impatto degli Heinrich Events sugli ecosistemi terrestri: individuazione di proxies paleoecologici e sedimentologici lacustri in Nord Italia e analisi delle loro serie temporali ad alta risoluzione

Author

BADINO F., PINI R., BERTULETTI P., RAVAZZI C., ANDÒ S., ARRIGHI S, BORTOLINI E., DELMONTE B., FIGUS C., FURLANETTO G., LUGLI F., MARCIANI G., MARGARITORA D., MONEGATO G., OXILIA G., ROMANDINI M., SILVESTRINI S., TATEO F., VALLÈ F., VEZZOLI G., and BENAZZI S.

Subjects
ecosistemi, Heinrich events, paleoecologia
Abstract

Durante l'ultimo periodo glaciale le calotte dell'emisfero Nord (ed anche l'ice field alpino) si sono più volte espanse e contratte assumendo configurazioni diverse (Ivy-Ochs et al., 2008; Lambeck et al., 2010; Monegato et al., 2017) e raggiungendo la massima estensione intorno a 22 mila anni fa (Hughes et al., 2016) durante l'Ultimo Massimo Glaciale (UMG). A queste maggiori oscillazioni climatiche e glaciali, si sono sovrapposte variazioni climatiche a scala millenaria: i cicli Dansgaard-Oescheger (DO cycles). Tale instabilità climatica, i cui picchi caldi e freddi sono detti, rispettivamente, Greenland Interstadials (GIs) e Greenland Stadials (GSs), è documentata a scala globale. Alla scala dell'emisfero boreale, record paleoclimatici ad alta risoluzione mostrano un marcato raffreddamento durante i GSs a cui sono associati Heinrich events (HEs) (Guillevic et al., 2014; Darfeuil et al., 2016). Per meglio comprendere i meccanismi che regolano tale variabilità climatica e le risposte degli ecosistemi terrestri agli HEs, verrà preso in considerazione il record pollinico del lago di Fimon all'interno della cerchia dei Colli Berici (Vicenza), che documenta la storia ambientale della Pianura Veneta e del margine prealpino a partire dalla Penultima Glaciazione (Pini et al. 2010). Nuove indagini stratigrafiche, geocronologiche e polliniche ad alta risoluzione (media di 1 campione/80-120 anni), hanno evidenziato fasi di apertura forestale con espansione di ecosistemi di semideserto a sud delle Alpi durante il MIS 3. In particolare, fra circa 27 e 35 mila anni fa, dati biostratigrafici e datazioni radiocarboniche restituiscono un robusto quadro cronologico per l'intervallo che precede, documenta e segue il GS 5.1-HE3 (30,6- 28,9 mila anni fa, cronologia GICC05, Rasmussen et al., 2014). Pinete dominate da Pinus sylvestris con betulla erano diffuse fra 35-30 mila anni fa nel settore prealpino sud-orientale. Il lago di Fimon era un bacino con acque poco profonde soggetto a oscillazioni del livello lacustre fino a 25505±99 anni fa (età 14C BP, median probability: 29599 anni cal BP), quando si sviluppa una torbiera a Cyperaceae che si mantiene per circa 2500 anni. All'inizio di questa fase, con un cambio centrato a circa 29,5 mila anni fa, le foreste subiscono una brusca contrazione (percentuali polliniche della componente arborea si riducono dal 70 al 30%), accompagnata dalla riduzione del segnale degli incendi a scala locale. Si espandono praterie (Gramineae, Asteraceae, Cichorioideae) con arbusti xerici e piante erbacee di ambiente steppico (Hippophae, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Ephedra). Tale evento, di durata millenaria, può essere correlato alla fase freddo-arida dell'HE3, visibile in altri record pollinici continui in Nord Italia (Azzano decimo; Pini et al., 2009) e area mediterranea (Lago Grande di Monticchio, Tenaghi Philippon; Wulf et al., 2018). La fase successiva: interstadiali GI 4 e GI 3 (rispettivamente 28,9 e 27,78 mila anni fa, cronologia GICC05, Rasmussen et al., 2014), è caratterizzata da una nuova espansione di pinete con larice, betulla e ginepro, e dall'intensificazione di incendi a scala locale.

Published
2019

26. Measuring shape and size of micrometric particles from the analysis of the forward scattered field.

Author

Villa, S., Sanvito, T., Paroli, B., Pullia, A., Delmonte, B., and Potenza, M. A. C.

Subjects
NANOPARTICLES, PROPERTIES of fluids, POLYDISPERSE media, LASER beams, SHEAR (Mechanics), PARTICLE size distribution
Abstract

Characterizing nano- and micro-particles in fluids still proves to be a significant challenge for both science and industry. Here, we show how to determine shape and size distributions of polydisperse water suspensions of micron-sized particles by the analysis of the field scattered in the forward direction by single particles illuminated by a laser beam. We exploit the novel Single Particle Extinction and Scattering method in connection with shear conditions which give preferred orientations to the particles passing through the scattering volume. Water suspensions of calibrated non-spherical particles, polydisperse standard monophasic mineral samples of quartz and kaolinite, and a mixture of quartz and illite are studied in detail. Application and limitation of the method are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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28. Multiple sources of soluble atmospheric iron to Antarctic waters

Author

Winton, V.H.L., Edwards, R., Delmonte, B., Ellis, A, Andersson, Per, Bowie, A, Bertler, N.A.N., Neff, P., Tuohy, A., Winton, V, Edwards, R, Delmonte, B, Ellis, A, Andersson, P, Bowie, A, Bertler, N, Neff, P, and Tuohy, A

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Atmospheric Science, Iron, Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning, fungi, Dust, Geokemi, strontium atmospheric dust, Black carbon, iron, Geochemistry, Ross Sea, atmospheric dust, Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, Antartic waters, Antarctica, Environmental Chemistry, Roosevelt Island, Antarctic, neodymium
Abstract

The Ross Sea, Antarctica, is a highly productive region of the Southern Ocean. Significant new sources of iron (Fe) are required to sustain phytoplankton blooms in the austral summer. Atmospheric deposition is one potential source. The fractional solubility of Fe is an important variable determining Fe availability for biological uptake. To constrain aerosol Fe inputs to the Ross Sea region, fractional solubility of Fe was analyzed in a snow pit from Roosevelt Island, eastern Ross Sea. In addition, aluminum, dust, and refractory black carbon (rBC) concentrations were analyzed, to determine the contribution of mineral dust and combustion sources to the supply of aerosol Fe. We estimate exceptionally high dissolved Fe (dFe) flux of 1.2 × 10-6 g m-2 y-1 and total dissolvable Fe flux of 140 × 10-6 g m-2 y-1 for 2011/2012. Deposition of dust, Fe, Al, and rBC occurs primarily during spring-summer. The observed background fractional Fe solubility of ~0.7% is consistent with a mineral dust source. Radiogenic isotopic ratios and particle size distribution of dust indicates that the site is influenced by local and remote sources. In 2011/2012 summer, relatively high dFe concentrations paralleled both mineral dust and rBC deposition. Around half of the annual aerosol Fe deposition occurred in the austral summer phytoplankton growth season; however, the fractional Fe solubility was low. Our results suggest that the seasonality of dFe deposition can vary and should be considered on longer glacial-interglacial timescales.

Published
2016

30. Modern and Holocene aeolian dust variability from Tabs Dome (Northern Victoria Land) to the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet

Author

Delmonte B.[1], Baroni C.[2, Andersson P.S.[4], Narcisi B.[5], Salvatore M.C.[2], Petit J.R.[6], Scarchilli C.[5], Frezzotti M.[5], Albani S.[1], Maggi V.[1], Delmonte, B, Baroni, C, Andersson, P, Narcisi, B, Salvatore, M, Petit, J, Scarchilli, C, Frezzotti, M, Albani, S, Maggi, V, Frezzotti, M., Scarchilli, C., Narcisi, B., Delmonte, B., Baroni, C., Andersson, P. S., Salvatore, M. C., Petit, J. R., Albani, S., and Maggi, V.

Subjects
Archeology, Earth science, Ice core, Antarctic ice sheet, Mineral dust, Paleoclimatology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Paleoclimatology, Ice Core, Sr-Nd isotopes, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Holocene, Firn, Dust, Geology, Regolith, dust, Antarctica, ice cores, Ice cores, Oceanography, Aeolian processes, Ice sheet
Abstract

High-elevation sites from the inner part of the East Antarctic plateau sample windborne dust representative of large portions of the Southern hemisphere, and are sensitive to long-range atmospheric transport conditions to polar areas. On the periphery of the ice sheet, conversely, the aeolian transport of particles from high-elevation ice-free areas can locally represent a relatively important additional input of dust to the atmosphere, and the interplay of atmospheric dynamics, dust transport and deposition is strictly related to the regional atmospheric circulation behaviour both at present-day and in the past. The understanding of the spatial extent where local sources can influence the mineral dust budget on the ice sheet is fundamental for understanding the atmospheric dust cycle in Antarctica and for the interpretation of the dust history in marginal glaciological settings.In this work we investigate the spatial variability of dust flux and provenance during modern (pre-industrial) and Holocene times along a transect connecting Talos Dome to the internal sites of the Antarctic plateau and we extend the existing documentation of the isotopic (Sr-Nd) fingerprint of dust-sized sediments from Victoria Land source areas.Dust flux, grain size and isotopic composition show a marked variability between Talos Dome, Mid Point, D4 and Dome C/Vostok, suggesting that local sources play an important role on the periphery of the ice sheet. Microscope observations reveal that background mineral aerosol in the TALDICE core is composed by a mixture of dust, volcanic particles and micrometric-sized fragments of diatoms, these latter representing a small but pervasive component of Antarctic sediments. A set of samples from Victoria Land, mostly consisting of regolith and glacial deposits from high-elevation areas, was collected specially for this work and the isotopic composition of the dust-sized fraction of samples was analyzed. Results reveal a close relationship with the parent lithologies, but direct comparison between source samples and firn/ice core dust is problematical because of the ubiquitous volcanic contribution to the environmental particulate input in the Talos Dome area.The frequency of events potentially suitable for peripheral dust transport to Talos Dome appears relatively high for present-day conditions, according to back trajectories calculations, and the related air flow pattern well-defined from a seasonal and spatial perspective. Also, as expected from palaeo-data, these events appear extremely uncommon for internal sites. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2013

31. Aeolian dust in the Talos Dome ice core (East Antarctica, Pacific/Ross Sea sector): Victoria Land versus remote sources over the last two climate cycles

Author

Delmonte, B., Baroni, C., Andersson, P.S., Schöberg, H., Hansson, M., Aciego, S., Petit, J.R., Albani, S., Mazzola, C., Maggi, V., Frezzotti, M., Environmental Sciences Department, University of Milano, Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Laboratory for Isotope Geology, Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Institute for Isotope Geology and Mineral Resources, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), CLIPS, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), SYNTHESYS funding (project SE-TAF-4807), European Project: 331615,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF,TALDICE HOLOCENE(2013), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Delmonte, B., Baroni, C., Andersson, P. S., Schoberg, H., Hansson, M., Aciego, S., Petit, J. -R., Albani, S., Mazzola, C., Maggi, V., Frezzotti, M., Delmonte, B, Baroni, C, Andersson, P, Schoberg, H, Hansson, M, Aciego, S, Petit, J, Albani, S, Mazzola, C, Maggi, V, and Frezzotti, M

Subjects
Paleoclimate, paleoclimate, Ice core, ice cores, Antarctica, source areas, atmospheric dust, ice cores, palaeoclimatology, Aeolian dust, Antarctica, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology
Abstract

International audience; A new ice core (TALDICE) drilled at Talos Dome (East Antarctica, Ross Sea sector) preserves a ca. 250 ka long record of palaeoclimate and atmospheric history. We investigate dust variability and provenance at the site during glacial periods and the Holocene through the Sr-Nd isotopic composition of ice core dust and potential source areas (PSA). We provide new isotopic data on dust sources from Victoria Land such as regoliths, glacial drifts, aeolian sands and beach deposits. Some of these sources are located at high altitude and are known to have been ice free throughout the Pleistocene. The major features of the TALDICE dust record are very similar to those from central East Antarctica. During glacial times, South America was the dominant dust supplier for Talos Dome as well as for the entire East Antarctic plateau. Conversely, during the Holocene the principal input of mineral dust at Talos Dome probably derives from proximal sources which are the ice-free areas of northern Victoria Land, located at similar altitude with respect to the drilling site. Atmospheric mobilisation of dust from these neighbouring areas and transport inland to Talos Dome can be ultimately associated with advection of maritime air masses from the Pacific/Ross Sea region. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2010

32. The contribution of aeolian sand and dust to iron fertilization of phytoplankton blooms in southwestern Ross Sea, Antarctica

Author

Winton, V.H.L., Dunbar, G.B., Bertler, N.A.N., Millet, M.-A, Delmonte, B, Atkins, C.B., Chewings, J.M., Andersson, Per, Winton, V, Dunbar, G, Bertler, N, Millet, M, Delmonte, B, Atkins, C, Chewings, J, and Andersson, P

Subjects
Geochemistry, Ross Sea, Naturvetenskap, Dust, Antarctica, Iron, Ross Sea, fertilization, Antarctica, Dust, Fe fertilisation, Geokemi, Natural Sciences
Abstract

Iron is a limiting micronutrient for primary production in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Recent observations reveal low dissolved Fe (dFe) concentrations in the Ross Sea polynya following high initial rates of primary production in summer, after the dFe winter reserve has been consumed. Significant new sources of dFe are therefore required to further sustain phytoplankton blooms. Iron from aeolian sand and dust (ASD) released from melting sea ice is one potential source. To constrain aeolian Fe inputs, we determined ASD mass accumulation rates and the total and soluble Fe content of ASD on sea ice in McMurdo Sound, southwestern (SW) Ross Sea. The mean mass accumulation rate was ~1.5 g m -2 yr-1, total Fe content of this ASD was 4 ± 1 wt %, and the percentage of soluble Fe was 11 ± 1%. Our mean estimate of the bulk aeolian dFe flux of 122.1 μmol m-2 yr-1 for the McMurdo Sound region suggests that aeolian Fe can support between 9.0 × 109 and 4.1 × 1011 mol C yr-1 (0.1-4.9 Tg C yr-1) of new primary production. This equates to only ~15% of new primary production in the SW Ross Sea, suggesting that aeolian dFe is a minor component of seasonal Fe supply. The very high ASD accumulation on sea ice in McMurdo Sound compared to other regions of Antarctica suggests that our results represent the upper limit of dFe supply to the ocean from this source in the Ross Sea. Key Points Fe sources are required to sustain phytoplankton blooms in the Ross Sea Local dust on sea ice contributes 2 orders of magnitude more than distal sources Fe solubility averages 11% resulting in a Fe flux of 6.8 mg m-2 yr-1 to SW Ross Sea ©2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Published
2014

33. Neutron activation analysis on sediments from Victoria Land, Antarctica: multi-elemental characterization of potential atmospheric dust sources

Author

Baccolo G.[1, Baroni C.[3, Clemenza M.[2, Delmonte B.[1], Maggi V.[1, Motta A.[2, Nastasi M.[2, Previtali E.[2, Salvatore M.C.[3], Baccolo, G, Baroni, C, Clemenza, M, Delmonte, B, Maggi, V, Motta, A, Nastasi, M, Previtali, E, and Salvatore, M

Subjects
Pollution, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Dome, media_common.quotation_subject, GEO/04 - GEOGRAFIA FISICA E GEOMORFOLOGIA, Geochemistry, Ice core, Mineralogy, Antartica, FIS/07 - FISICA APPLICATA (A BENI CULTURALI, AMBIENTALI, BIOLOGIA E MEDICINA), Weathering, Mineral dust, Atmospheric dust sources, Gamma spectrometry, ICE, INAA, Multivariate analysis, PCA, REE, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Spectroscopy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Neutron activation analysis, gamma spectrometry, ice core, atmospheric dust sources, multivariate analysis, media_common, Chemistry, Environmental and Occupational Health, Sediment, Antarctica, sediments, geochemistry, neutron activation, Characterization (materials science), Health, Antarctica, Public Health, Radiology
Abstract

The elemental composition of 40 samples of mineral sediments collected in Victoria Land, Antarctica, in correspondence of ice-free sites, is presented. Concentration of 36 elements was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis, INAA. The selection of 6 standard reference materials and the development of a specific analytical procedure allowed to reduce measurements uncertainties and to verify the reproducibility of the results. The decision to analyze sediment samples from Victoria Land ice-free areas is related to recent investigations regarding mineral dust content in the TALos Dome ICE core (159 11?E; 72 49?S, East Antarctica, Victoria Land), in which a coarse local fraction of dust was recognized. The characterization of Antarctic potential source areas of atmospheric mineral dust is the first step to identify the active sources of dust for the Talos Dome area and to reconstruct the atmospheric pathways followed by air masses in this region during different climatic periods. Principal components analysis was used to identify elements and samples correlations; attention was paid specially to rare earth elements (REE) and incompatible/compatible elements (ICE) in respect to iron, which proved to be the most discriminating elemental groups. The analysis of REE and ICE concentration profiles supported evidences of chemical weathering in ice-free areas of Victoria Land, whereas cold and dry climate conditions of the Talos Dome area and in general of East Antarctica. © 2013 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

Published
2014

35. Prominent features in isotopic, chemical and dust stratigraphies from coastal East Antarctic ice sheet (Eastern Wilkes Land)

Author

Caiazzo, L., primary, Baccolo, G., additional, Barbante, C., additional, Becagli, S., additional, Bertò, M., additional, Ciardini, V., additional, Crotti, I., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, Dreossi, G., additional, Frezzotti, M., additional, Gabrieli, J., additional, Giardi, F., additional, Han, Y., additional, Hong, S.-B., additional, Hur, S.D., additional, Hwang, H., additional, Kang, J.-H., additional, Narcisi, B., additional, Proposito, M., additional, Scarchilli, C., additional, Selmo, E., additional, Severi, M., additional, Spolaor, A., additional, Stenni, B., additional, Traversi, R., additional, and Udisti, R., additional

Published
2017
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36. Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core

Author

EPICA Community Members, Augustin, L., Barbante, C., Barnes, P. R. F., Barnola, J. M., Bigler, M., Castellano, E., Cattani, O., Chappellaz, J., Dahl-Jensen, D., Delmonte, B., Dreyfus, G., Durand, G., Falourd, S., Fischer, Hubertus, Flückiger, J., Hansson, M. E., Huybrechts, Philippe, Jugie, G., Johnsen, S. J., Jouzel, J., Kaufmann, P., Kipfstuhl, J., Lambert, F., Lipenkov, V. Y., Littot, G. C., Longinelli, A., Lorrain, R., Maggi, V., Masson-Delmotte, V., Miller, Heinrich, Mulvaney, R., Oerlemans, J., Oerter, Hans, Orombelli, G., Parrenin, F., Peel, D. A., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Ritz, C., Ruth, Urs, Schwander, J., Siegenthaler, U., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stenni, B., Stocker, T. F., Tabacco, I. E., Udisti, R., Wal, R. S. W., Broeke, M., Weiss, J., Wilhelms, Frank, Winther, Jan-Gunnar, Wolff, E. W., Zucchelli, M., Augustin, L, Barbante, C, Barnes, P, Barnola, J, Bigler, M, Castellano, E, Cattani, O, Chappellaz, J, Dahljensen, D, Delmonte, B, Dreyfus, G, Durand, G, Falourd, S, Fischer, H, Fluckiger, J, Hansson, M, Huybrechts, P, Jugie, R, Johnsen, S, Jouzel, J, Kaufmann, P, Kipfstuhl, J, Lambert, F, Lipenkov, V, Littot, G, Longinelli, A, Lorrain, R, Maggi, V, Masson Delmotte, V, Miller, H, Mulvaney, R, Oerlemans, J, Oerter, H, Orombelli, G, Parrenin, F, Peel, D, Petit, J, Raynaud, D, Ritz, C, Ruth, U, Schwander, J, Siegenthaler, U, Souchez, R, Stauffer, B, Steffensen, J, Stenni, B, Stocker, T, Tabacco, I, Udisti, R, van de Wal, R, van den Broeke, M, Weiss, J, Wilhelms, F, Winther, J, Wolff, E, Zucchelli, M, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Augustin, L., Barbante, C., Barnes, P. R. F., Barnola, J. M., Bigler, M., Castellano, E., Cattani, O., Chappellaz, J., Dahl Jensen, D., Delmonte, B., Dreyfus, G., Durand, G., Falourd, S., Fischer, H., Flückiger, J., Hansson, M. E., Huybrechts, P., Jugie, G., Johnsen, S. J., Jouzel, J., Kaufmann, P., Kipfstuhl, J., Lambert, F., Lipenkov, V. Y., Littot, G. C., Longinelli, A., Lorrain, R., Maggi, V., Masson Delmotte, V., Miller, H., Mulvaney, R., Oerlemans, J., Oerter, H., Orombelli, G., Parrenin, F., Peel, D. A., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Ritz, C., Ruth, U., Schwander, J., Siegenthaler, U., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stenni, Barbara, Stocker, T. F., Tabacco, I. E., Udisti, R., van de Wal, R. S. W., van den Broeke, M., Weiss, J., Wilhelms, F., Winther, J. G., Wolff, E. W., and Zucchelli, M.

Subjects
termination, marine environment, deep ice cores, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ice, glacial cycle, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, glacial-interglacial cycles, Ice core, deuterium profile, Dome Concordia, Ice age, Flandrian interglacial, Glacial period, Marine applications, EPICA Dome C, Antarctica, paleoclimate, terminations, Climatology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, interglacial period, Multidisciplinary, article, Oceanography, priority journal, greenhouse gas, Interglacial, environmental temperature, Climate state, Geology, glacier, deep ice core, Climate change, Greenhouse effect, Quaternary, Climate feedbacks, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, glacial-interglacial cycle, paleoclimatology, East Antarctica, Greenhouse and icehouse Earth, Antarctica Vostok ice core, 13. Climate action, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, ice core record, Physical geography, ice core, Glacial cycles, global climate
Abstract

International audience; The Antarctic Vostok ice core provided compelling evidence of the nature of climate, and of climate feedbacks, over the past 420,000 years. Marine records suggest that the amplitude of climate variability was smaller before that time, but such records are often poorly resolved. Moreover, it is not possible to infer the abundance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from marine records. Here we report the recovery of a deep ice core from Dome C, Antarctica, that provides a climate record for the past 740,000 years. For the four most recent glacial cycles, the data agree well with the record from Vostok. The earlier period, between 740,000 and 430,000 years ago, was characterized by less pronounced warmth in interglacial periods in Antarctica, but a higher proportion of each cycle was spent in the warm mode. The transition from glacial to interglacial conditions about 430,000 years ago (Termination V) resembles the transition into the present interglacial period in terms of the magnitude of change in temperatures and greenhouse gases, but there are significant differences in the patterns of change. The interglacial stage following Termination V was exceptionally long--28,000 years compared to, for example, the 12,000 years recorded so far in the present interglacial period. Given the similarities between this earlier warm period and today, our results may imply that without human intervention, a climate similar to the present one would extend well into the future.

Published
2004

41. Retrieving the paleoclimatic signal from the deeper part of the EPICA Dome C ice core

Author

Tison, J.-L., primary, de Angelis, M., additional, Littot, G., additional, Wolff, E., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Hansson, M., additional, Bigler, M., additional, Udisti, R., additional, Wegner, A., additional, Jouzel, J., additional, Stenni, B., additional, Johnsen, S., additional, Masson-Delmotte, V., additional, Landais, A., additional, Lipenkov, V., additional, Loulergue, L., additional, Barnola, J.-M., additional, Petit, J.-R., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, Dreyfus, G., additional, Dahl-Jensen, D., additional, Durand, G., additional, Bereiter, B., additional, Schilt, A., additional, Spahni, R., additional, Pol, K., additional, Lorrain, R., additional, Souchez, R., additional, and Samyn, D., additional

Published
2015
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43. Twelve thousand years of dust: the Holocene global dust cycle constrained by natural archives

Author

Albani, S., primary, Mahowald, N. M., additional, Winckler, G., additional, Anderson, R. F., additional, Bradtmiller, L. I., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, François, R., additional, Goman, M., additional, Heavens, N. G., additional, Hesse, P. P., additional, Hovan, S. A., additional, Kang, S. G., additional, Kohfeld, K. E., additional, Lu, H., additional, Maggi, V., additional, Mason, J. A., additional, Mayewski, P. A., additional, McGee, D., additional, Miao, X., additional, Otto-Bliesner, B. L., additional, Perry, A. T., additional, Pourmand, A., additional, Roberts, H. M., additional, Rosenbloom, N., additional, Stevens, T., additional, and Sun, J., additional

Published
2015
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44. Supplementary material to "Can we retrieve a clear paleoclimatic signal from the deeper part of the EPICA Dome C ice core?"

Author

Tison, J.-L., primary, de Angelis, M., additional, Littot, G., additional, Wolff, E., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Hansson, M., additional, Bigler, M., additional, Udisti, R., additional, Wegner, A., additional, Jouzel, J., additional, Stenni, B., additional, Johnsen, S., additional, Masson-Delmotte, V., additional, Landais, A., additional, Lipenkov, V., additional, Loulergue, L., additional, Barnola, J.-M., additional, Petit, J.-R., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, Dreyfus, G., additional, Dahl-Jensen, D., additional, Durand, G., additional, Bereiter, B., additional, Schilt, A., additional, Spahni, R., additional, Pol, K., additional, Lorrain, R., additional, Souchez, R., additional, and Samyn, D., additional

Published
2015
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45. Can we retrieve a clear paleoclimatic signal from the deeper part of the EPICA Dome C ice core?

Author

Tison, J.-L., primary, de Angelis, M., additional, Littot, G., additional, Wolff, E., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Hansson, M., additional, Bigler, M., additional, Udisti, R., additional, Wegner, A., additional, Jouzel, J., additional, Stenni, B., additional, Johnsen, S., additional, Masson-Delmotte, V., additional, Landais, A., additional, Lipenkov, V., additional, Loulergue, L., additional, Barnola, J.-M., additional, Petit, J.-R., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, Dreyfus, G., additional, Dahl-Jensen, D., additional, Durand, G., additional, Bereiter, B., additional, Schilt, A., additional, Spahni, R., additional, Pol, K., additional, Lorrain, R., additional, Souchez, R., additional, and Samyn, D., additional

Published
2015
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46. Supplementary material to "Twelve thousand years of dust: the Holocene global dust cycle constrained by natural archives"

Author

Albani, S., primary, Mahowald, N. M., additional, Winckler, G., additional, Anderson, R. F., additional, Bradtmiller, L. I., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, François, R., additional, Goman, M., additional, Heavens, N. G., additional, Hesse, P. P., additional, Hovan, S. A., additional, Kohfeld, K. E., additional, Lu, H., additional, Maggi, V., additional, Mason, J. A., additional, Mayewski, P. A., additional, McGee, D., additional, Miao, X., additional, Otto-Bliesner, B. L., additional, Perry, A. T., additional, Pourmand, A., additional, Roberts, H. M., additional, Rosenbloom, N., additional, Stevens, T., additional, and Sun, J., additional

Published
2014
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47. Twelve thousand years of dust: the Holocene global dust cycle constrained by natural archives

Author

Albani, S., primary, Mahowald, N. M., additional, Winckler, G., additional, Anderson, R. F., additional, Bradtmiller, L. I., additional, Delmonte, B., additional, François, R., additional, Goman, M., additional, Heavens, N. G., additional, Hesse, P. P., additional, Hovan, S. A., additional, Kohfeld, K. E., additional, Lu, H., additional, Maggi, V., additional, Mason, J. A., additional, Mayewski, P. A., additional, McGee, D., additional, Miao, X., additional, Otto-Bliesner, B. L., additional, Perry, A. T., additional, Pourmand, A., additional, Roberts, H. M., additional, Rosenbloom, N., additional, Stevens, T., additional, and Sun, J., additional

Published
2014
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50. Proxies and measurement techniques for mineral dust in Antarctic ice cores

Author

Ruth, Urs, Barbante, C., Bigler, M., Delmonte, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Gabrielli, P., Gaspari, V., Kaufmann, P., Lambert, F., Maggi, V., Marino, F., Petit, J. R., Steffensen, J. P., Udisti, R., Wagenbach, D., Wegner, Anna, and Wolff, E.

Abstract

To improve quantitative interpretation of ice core aeolian dust records, a systematic methodological comparison was made. This involved methods for water-insoluble particle counting (Coulter Counter and laser-sensing particle detector), soluble ion analysis (ion chromatography, and continuous flow analysis), elemental analysis (inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy at pH 1 and after full acid digestion), and water-insoluble elemental analysis (proton induced X-ray emission). Antarctic ice core samples covering the last deglaciation from the EPICA Dome C (EDC) and the EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML) cores were used. All methods correlate very well amongst each other, but the ratios of glacial age to Holocene concentrations, which are typically a factor ~100, differ between the methods by up to a factor of 2 with insoluble particles showing the largest variability. The recovery of ICP-MS measurements depends on the digestion method and is different for different elements and during different climatic periods. EDC and EDML samples have similar dust composition, which suggests a common dust source or a common mixture of sources for the two sites. The analysed samples further reveal a change of dust composition during the last deglaciation.

Published
2008

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