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On-chip optical communications are in increasingly demand for low-loss, small-footprint and power-efficient waveguiding solutions in the telecom band. However, most integrated optical circuits suffer from high propagation loss and low integration degree. Through manipulating the valley-dependent topological phase of light, we have experimentally demonstrated both robust optical transport and electrical modulation of lightwaves at telecom wavelengths in the valley photonic crystals. With the adoption of valley kink states, the 25 Gbit/s optical signal at 1550 nm is successfully transmitted through a highly twisted interface. Furthermore, an extreme high data rate of 100 Gbit/s is demonstrated with such topological waveguide by wavelength division multiplexing. The electrical tunability of the topological modulators based on thermo-optic effect is also verified, opening a novel route towards active valley kink photonic devices. Our study shows a great possibility of making use of the topological protection in building up high-speed datalinks on a chip.

Age is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), and curcumin can delay aging related disease through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. However, its target in aging-related AF remains unclear. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a novel short non-coding RNA (sncRNA), and exerts a potential regulatory function in aging. This study was to explore the therapeutic targets of curcumin in atrium of aged mice by PANDORA-seq. Aged mice (18 month) were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg). Rapid transjugular atrial pacing was performed to observe AF inducibility. SA-β-gal staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and qRT-PCR were used to assess the degree of aging and oxidative stress/inflammation levels. PANDORA-seq was performed to reveal the differentially expressed sncRNAs in the atrium of mice. The results showed that curcumin reduced the susceptibility AF of aged mice by improving aging-related atrial fibrosis. Compared to young mice (5 month) group, aged mice yielded 473 significantly altered tsRNA sequences, while 947 tsRNA sequences were significantly altered after treated with curcumin. Enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly related to DNA damage and protein modification. Compared with the 5 month group, the expression levels of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end, mature-mt_tRNA-Glu-TTC_CCA_end, and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC_CCA_end were up-regulated in the 18 month group, while the expression of mature-mt_tRNA-Thr-TGT_5_end was down-regulated. This trend was reversed in the 18 month + curcumin group. Increased cellular ROS levels, inflammation expression and senescence in aged mice atrium were improved by the down-regulation of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end. In conclusion, our findings identified mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end participated in the mechanism of aging-related atrial fibrosis, providing new intervention target of aging-related AF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: The objective of this study is to examine the expression of profilin 1 (PFN1) in mice with diabetic nephropathy and determine its association with immune cell infiltration. METHODS: This study presents an analysis of PFN1 expression and immune cell infiltration in patients with diabetic nephropathy, utilizing transcriptome expression data from kidney tissue microarray. Additionally, the findings were validated in a diabetic nephropathy mouse model. Sixteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into two groups, namely the normal group and the model group, in an equal manner. The model group underwent the establishment of the diabetic nephropathy model through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Subsequently, the expression levels of CD11b, F4/80, CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1R1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 in kidney tissue were assessed upon successful establishment of the diabetic nephropathy model. Furthermore, the overexpression of PFN1 was observed in a cellular model of diabetic nephropathy, and the protein expression levels of monocyte chemotactic pro-tein-1 (MCP-1) and caspase-3 were assessed. RESULTS: The expression of PFN1 was found to be significantly increased in the GSE30122 dataset of transcriptome expression in kidney tissues affected by diabetic nephropathy (P< 0. 01). This increase in PFN1 expression was found to be correlated with the presence of macrophages and T cells. Furthermore, the renal tissue of the diabetic nephropathy model group exhibited significant pathological changes. In this model group, the expression levels of PFN1, CD11b, F4/80, CCR4, IL-1R1, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were all significantly increased (P<0. 01). Overexpression of PFN1 could enhance the expression of MCP-1 and caspase-3 proteins. CONCLUSION: Macrophages and Th17 cells were identified within the renal tissue of mice with diabetic nephropathy, concomitant with an up-regulation in the expression of PFN1. This up-regulation was observed to facilitate the induction of apoptosis in the context of diabetic nephropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post evaluation of power grid investment and construction project is an important part of power grid construction project. The effect of post evaluation will directly affect the quality level of project construction. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved post evaluation system based on rough set and fuzzy multi-level extension. Firstly, the main factors affecting the function effect of power grid construction project are analyzed. Then, the improved fuzzy multi-level extension evaluation model is constructed by combining fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory with multi-level extension evaluation method. Finally, a 220 kV substation construction project is taken as an example to verify the validity and rationality of the model.