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1. CLOSE: Curriculum Learning On the Sharing Extent Towards Better One-shot NAS

Author

Zhou, Zixuan, Ning, Xuefei, Cai, Yi, Han, Jiashu, Deng, Yiping, Dong, Yuhan, Yang, Huazhong, and Wang, Yu

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

One-shot Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has been widely used to discover architectures due to its efficiency. However, previous studies reveal that one-shot performance estimations of architectures might not be well correlated with their performances in stand-alone training because of the excessive sharing of operation parameters (i.e., large sharing extent) between architectures. Thus, recent methods construct even more over-parameterized supernets to reduce the sharing extent. But these improved methods introduce a large number of extra parameters and thus cause an undesirable trade-off between the training costs and the ranking quality. To alleviate the above issues, we propose to apply Curriculum Learning On Sharing Extent (CLOSE) to train the supernet both efficiently and effectively. Specifically, we train the supernet with a large sharing extent (an easier curriculum) at the beginning and gradually decrease the sharing extent of the supernet (a harder curriculum). To support this training strategy, we design a novel supernet (CLOSENet) that decouples the parameters from operations to realize a flexible sharing scheme and adjustable sharing extent. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CLOSE can obtain a better ranking quality across different computational budget constraints than other one-shot supernets, and is able to discover superior architectures when combined with various search strategies. Code is available at https://github.com/walkerning/aw_nas., Comment: accepted by ECCV 2022 (14 pages main texts)

Published
2022

4. Greedy Network Enlarging

Author

Liu, Chuanjian, Han, Kai, Xiao, An, Deng, Yiping, Zhang, Wei, Xu, Chunjing, and Wang, Yunhe

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Recent studies on deep convolutional neural networks present a simple paradigm of architecture design, i.e., models with more MACs typically achieve better accuracy, such as EfficientNet and RegNet. These works try to enlarge all the stages in the model with one unified rule by sampling and statistical methods. However, we observe that some network architectures have similar MACs and accuracies, but their allocations on computations for different stages are quite different. In this paper, we propose to enlarge the capacity of CNN models by improving their width, depth and resolution on stage level. Under the assumption that the top-performing smaller CNNs are a proper subcomponent of the top-performing larger CNNs, we propose an greedy network enlarging method based on the reallocation of computations. With step-by-step modifying the computations on different stages, the enlarged network will be equipped with optimal allocation and utilization of MACs. On EfficientNet, our method consistently outperforms the performance of the original scaling method. In particular, with application of our method on GhostNet, we achieve state-of-the-art 80.9% and 84.3% ImageNet top-1 accuracies under the setting of 600M and 4.4B MACs, respectively.

Published
2021

7. Augmented Shortcuts for Vision Transformers

Author

Tang, Yehui, Han, Kai, Xu, Chang, Xiao, An, Deng, Yiping, Xu, Chao, and Wang, Yunhe

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Transformer models have achieved great progress on computer vision tasks recently. The rapid development of vision transformers is mainly contributed by their high representation ability for extracting informative features from input images. However, the mainstream transformer models are designed with deep architectures, and the feature diversity will be continuously reduced as the depth increases, i.e., feature collapse. In this paper, we theoretically analyze the feature collapse phenomenon and study the relationship between shortcuts and feature diversity in these transformer models. Then, we present an augmented shortcut scheme, which inserts additional paths with learnable parameters in parallel on the original shortcuts. To save the computational costs, we further explore an efficient approach that uses the block-circulant projection to implement augmented shortcuts. Extensive experiments conducted on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which brings about 1% accuracy increase of the state-of-the-art visual transformers without obviously increasing their parameters and FLOPs.

Published
2021

8. Federated Learning with Positive and Unlabeled Data

Author

Lin, Xinyang, Chen, Hanting, Xu, Yixing, Xu, Chao, Gui, Xiaolin, Deng, Yiping, and Wang, Yunhe

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We study the problem of learning from positive and unlabeled (PU) data in the federated setting, where each client only labels a little part of their dataset due to the limitation of resources and time. Different from the settings in traditional PU learning where the negative class consists of a single class, the negative samples which cannot be identified by a client in the federated setting may come from multiple classes which are unknown to the client. Therefore, existing PU learning methods can be hardly applied in this situation. To address this problem, we propose a novel framework, namely Federated learning with Positive and Unlabeled data (FedPU), to minimize the expected risk of multiple negative classes by leveraging the labeled data in other clients. We theoretically analyze the generalization bound of the proposed FedPU. Empirical experiments show that the FedPU can achieve much better performance than conventional supervised and semi-supervised federated learning methods. Code is available at https://github.com/littleSunlxy/FedPU-torch

Published
2021

10. Manifold Regularized Dynamic Network Pruning

Author

Tang, Yehui, Wang, Yunhe, Xu, Yixing, Deng, Yiping, Xu, Chao, Tao, Dacheng, and Xu, Chang

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Neural network pruning is an essential approach for reducing the computational complexity of deep models so that they can be well deployed on resource-limited devices. Compared with conventional methods, the recently developed dynamic pruning methods determine redundant filters variant to each input instance which achieves higher acceleration. Most of the existing methods discover effective sub-networks for each instance independently and do not utilize the relationship between different inputs. To maximally excavate redundancy in the given network architecture, this paper proposes a new paradigm that dynamically removes redundant filters by embedding the manifold information of all instances into the space of pruned networks (dubbed as ManiDP). We first investigate the recognition complexity and feature similarity between images in the training set. Then, the manifold relationship between instances and the pruned sub-networks will be aligned in the training procedure. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on several benchmarks, which shows better performance in terms of both accuracy and computational cost compared to the state-of-the-art methods. For example, our method can reduce 55.3% FLOPs of ResNet-34 with only 0.57% top-1 accuracy degradation on ImageNet., Comment: This paper is accepted by CVPR 2021. Key words: Filter pruning, Dynamic network, Network compression, Manifold regularization

Published
2021

11. Pre-Trained Image Processing Transformer

Author

Chen, Hanting, Wang, Yunhe, Guo, Tianyu, Xu, Chang, Deng, Yiping, Liu, Zhenhua, Ma, Siwei, Xu, Chunjing, Xu, Chao, and Gao, Wen

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

As the computing power of modern hardware is increasing strongly, pre-trained deep learning models (e.g., BERT, GPT-3) learned on large-scale datasets have shown their effectiveness over conventional methods. The big progress is mainly contributed to the representation ability of transformer and its variant architectures. In this paper, we study the low-level computer vision task (e.g., denoising, super-resolution and deraining) and develop a new pre-trained model, namely, image processing transformer (IPT). To maximally excavate the capability of transformer, we present to utilize the well-known ImageNet benchmark for generating a large amount of corrupted image pairs. The IPT model is trained on these images with multi-heads and multi-tails. In addition, the contrastive learning is introduced for well adapting to different image processing tasks. The pre-trained model can therefore efficiently employed on desired task after fine-tuning. With only one pre-trained model, IPT outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods on various low-level benchmarks. Code is available at https://github.com/huawei-noah/Pretrained-IPT and https://gitee.com/mindspore/mindspore/tree/master/model_zoo/research/cv/IPT, Comment: CVPR 2021

Published
2020

13. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein binding and uptake by heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptors in a CRISPR/Cas9 library of Hep3B mutants.

Author

Anower-E-Khuda, Ferdous, Singh, Gagandeep, Deng, Yiping, Esko, Jeffrey, and Gordts, Philip

Subjects
heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferases, lipoprotein receptors, syndecan-1, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Cell Line, Tumor, Cells, Cultured, Hepatocytes, Humans, Lipoproteins, Loss of Function Mutation, N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases, Protein Binding, Sulfotransferases, Syndecan-1, Triglycerides
Abstract

Binding and uptake of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in mice depend on heparan sulfate and the hepatic proteoglycan, syndecan-1 (SDC1). Alteration of glucosamine N-sulfation by deletion of glucosamine N-deacetylase-N-sulfotransferase 1 (Ndst1) and 2-O-sulfation of uronic acids by deletion of uronyl 2-O-sulfotransferase (Hs2st) led to diminished lipoprotein metabolism, whereas inactivation of glucosaminyl 6-O-sulfotransferase 1 (Hs6st1), which encodes one of the three 6-O-sulfotransferases, had little effect on lipoprotein binding. However, other studies have suggested that 6-O-sulfation may be important for TRL binding and uptake. In order to explain these discrepant findings, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to create a library of mutants in the human hepatoma cell line, Hep3B. Inactivation of EXT1 encoding the heparan sulfate copolymerase, NDST1 and HS2ST dramatically reduced binding of TRLs. Inactivation of HS6ST1 had no effect, but deletion of HS6ST2 reduced TRL binding. Compounding mutations in HS6ST1 and HS6ST2 did not exacerbate this effect indicating that HS6ST2 is the dominant 6-O-sulfotransferase and that binding of TRLs indeed depends on 6-O-sulfation of glucosamine residues. Uptake studies showed that TRL internalization was also affected in 6-O-sulfation deficient cells. Interestingly, genetic deletion of SDC1 only marginally impacted binding of TRLs but reduced TRL uptake to the same extent as treating the cells with heparin lyases. These findings confirm that SDC1 is the dominant endocytic proteoglycan receptor for TRLs in human Hep3B cells and that binding and uptake of TRLs depend on SDC1 and N- and 2-O-sulfation as well as 6-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate chains catalyzed by HS6ST2.

Published
2019

15. Recent progress in biomimetic nanomedicines based on versatile targeting strategy for atherosclerosis therapy.

Author

Liang, Lijuan, Deng, Yiping, Ao, Zuojin, Liao, Changli, Tian, Ji, Li, Chunhong, and Yu, Xin

Subjects
*NANOMEDICINE, *BIOMIMETICS, *VASCULAR endothelial cells, *ATHEROSCLEROSIS, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, *ATHEROSCLEROTIC plaque
Abstract

Atherosclerosis (AS) is considered to be one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease. Its pathological microenvironment is characterised by increased production of reactive oxygen species, lipid oxides, and excessive inflammatory factors, which accumulate at the monolayer endothelial cells in the vascular wall to form AS plaques. Therefore, intervention in the pathological microenvironment would be beneficial in delaying AS. Researchers have designed biomimetic nanomedicines with excellent biocompatibility and the ability to avoid being cleared by the immune system through different therapeutic strategies to achieve better therapeutic effects for the characteristics of AS. Biomimetic nanomedicines can further enhance delivery efficiency and improve treatment efficacy due to their good biocompatibility and ability to evade clearance by the immune system. Biomimetic nanomedicines based on therapeutic strategies such as neutralising inflammatory factors, ROS scavengers, lipid clearance and integration of diagnosis and treatment are versatile approaches for effective treatment of AS. The review firstly summarises the targeting therapeutic strategy of biomimetic nanomedicine for AS in recent 5 years. Biomimetic nanomedicines using cell membranes, proteins, and extracellular vesicles as carriers have been developed for AS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. The original scores of traditional Chinese medicine constitutions are risk and diagnostic factors in middle‐aged and older adults with sarcopenia.

Author

Nie, Xin, Wang, Chi, Zhang, He, Liu, Qianhui, Hou, Lisha, Deng, Yiping, Ye, Wenbin, Yue, Jirong, and He, Yong

Subjects
RISK assessment, CHINESE medicine, CROSS-sectional method, LIFESTYLES, SELF-evaluation, MEDICAL history taking, PREDICTIVE tests, RESEARCH funding, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, T-test (Statistics), QUESTIONNAIRES, FUNCTIONAL status, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, MULTIVARIATE analysis, MANN Whitney U Test, CHI-squared test, HUMAN constitution, CLINICAL pathology, ENERGY metabolism, STATISTICS, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, SARCOPENIA, REGRESSION analysis, OLD age, MIDDLE age
Abstract

Objective: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome that occurs with age and is characterized by a gradual decline in muscle mass, power, and functionality. It serves as a prominent contributor to frailty, disability, and mortality among older individuals. Currently, no standardized global guidelines exist for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. This study aimed to establish the correlation between sarcopenia and the constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), considering the connection between physical functioning and sarcopenia. Methods: A total of 1441 participants in this study were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) proposed a sarcopenia definition algorithm. To determine the constitution of each participant, classification and determination standards were used in traditional Chinese medicine. This study evaluated the demographics, lifestyles, and self‐reported medical history of individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia through a self‐administered questionnaire. The constitution of the participants was determined using TCM classification and determination standards. Subsequently, we analyzed the results of univariate analysis and multivariate regression and constructed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Participants who were diagnosed with sarcopenia had substantially lower original Neutral constitution scores (P < 0.050). In comparison to those without sarcopenia, individuals with sarcopenia exhibited notably elevated original Qi‐deficiency, Yang‐deficiency, Yin‐deficiency, Blood‐stagnation, and Qi‐stagnation scores in contrast to those in the healthy group (P < 0.050). The identified risk factors associated with sarcopenia included the following: Neutral (OR = 0.903), Qi‐deficiency (in males, OR = 1.126), Yang‐deficiency (OR = 1.062), Phlegm‐dampness (in males, OR = 0.833), and Blood‐stagnation (in females, OR = 1.089). The highest area under the curve (AUC) was observed for the original neutral constitution score, followed by the Yang‐deficiency and blood‐stagnation scores (0.644, 0.613, and 0.611, respectively). Additionally, the AUC for the combined original scores of all nine constitutions among males reached 0.778. Conclusions: In this cross‐sectional study of older people with higher original Qi‐deficiency, Yin deficiency, Yang‐deficiency, Blood‐stagnation, and Qi‐stagnation were associated with sarcopenia. Notably, various TCM constitutions are significantly linked to sarcopenia. There was a significant occurrence of various body constitution types among individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia. The mixture of the nine original constitution scores exhibited good diagnostic performance for sarcopenia in males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Nano-modulators with the function of disrupting mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and photothermal conversion for synergistic breast cancer therapy.

Author

Wang, Chenglong, Li, Tao, Wang, Zhen, Li, Yao, Liu, Yan, Xu, Maochang, Zhang, Zongquan, Deng, Yiping, Cai, Liang, Zhang, Chunxiang, and Li, Chunhong

Abstract

Breast cancer treatment has been a global puzzle, and apoptosis strategies based on mitochondrial Ca2+ overload have attracted extensive attention. However, various limitations of current Ca2+ nanogenerators make it difficult to maintain effective Ca2+ overload concentrations. Here, we constructed a multimodal Ca2+ nano-modulator that, for the first time, combined photothermal therapy (PTT) and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload strategies to inhibit tumor development. By crosslinking sodium alginate (SA) on the surface of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles encapsulating with Cur and ICG, we prepared a synergistic Ca2+ nano-regulator SA/Cur@CaCO3-ICG (SCCI). In vitro studies have shown that SCCI further enhanced photostability while preserving the optical properties of ICG. After uptake by tumor cells, SCCI can reduce mitochondrial membrane potential and down-regulate ATP production by producing large amounts of Ca2+ at low pH. Near-infrared light radiation (NIR) laser irradiation made the tumor cells heat up sharply, which not only accelerated the decomposition of CaCO3, but also produced large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by cell apoptosis. In vivo studies have revealed that the Ca2+ nano-regulators had excellent targeting, biocompatibility, and anti-tumor effects, which can significantly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and play a direct killing effect. These findings indicated that therapeutic strategies based on ionic interference and PTT had great therapeutic potential, providing new insights into antitumor therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Sustained Remission and Decreased Severity of CAR T-Cell Related Adverse Events: A Pivotal Study Report of CNCT19 (inaticabtagene autoleucel) Treatment in Adult Patients with Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (R/R B-Cell ALL) in China

Author

Wang, Ying, primary, Wei, Xudong, additional, Yan, Dongmei, additional, Zhang, Cheng, additional, Zhou, Hongsheng, additional, Tong, Chunrong, additional, Mei, Heng, additional, Jin, Jie, additional, Niu, Ting, additional, Liang, Aibin, additional, Ren, Jienan, additional, Deng, Yiping, additional, Jin, Wei, additional, Feng, Yi, additional, Shi, Lin, additional, Wang, Yongzeng, additional, Haudenschild, Changting, additional, Lv, Lulu, additional, and Wang, Jianxiang, additional

Published
2022
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29. Investigating Surface Oxide Composition and Formation on Metallic Vibenite® Alloys

Author

Monie, Emil, Säfström, Nils, Deng, Yiping, and Möllerberg, Axel

Subjects
alloys, surface smoothing, Metallurgy and Metallic Materials, Vibenite, oxide, controlled oxides, Metallurgi och metalliska material, oxide growth, surface refinement, additive manufacturing
Abstract

Oxide formation on metallic surfaces is a common phenomenon which occursnaturally or intently. Depending on the metallic oxide, they can be viewed as either nuisances or conveniences depending on the effects of the oxide. Formed oxides may also potentially smooth surfaces of metallic alloys since a portion of the surface in contact with the oxygen will be converted into the oxide via the metal-oxygeninteraction, leading to a smoother surface underneath the formed oxide. It was found that oxide formation was most significant when metallic Vibenite® alloys were treated at 1000°C for a minimum of 3 hours with an oxygen flow into the oven of 10 L/min. This signifies the importance of a minimum temperature limit as well as an increased oxygen pressure within the oven the samples are being treated in, which concurs with various studies referred to in the report. The oxides were also somewhat successfully identified using analysis methods such as XPS, XRD and Raman spectroscopy with supporting evidence from simulated Thermo-Calc approximations. Thepost-treatment surfaces of the samples, after having their oxide layers removed, were confirmed to have undergone surface smoothing using the optical analysis method of VSI. The results of this report indicate validity in the use of the oxide formation technique for surface smoothing and strongly suggests further study in material optimised heat-treatments for different metallic alloys with the purpose of surface refinement

Published
2022

31. Prognostic characteristics of T-cell mediated cell killing-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

Author

Bi, Lei, Ai, Cheng, Zhang, Hong, Chen, Zhengyu, Deng, Yiping, Xiong, Jing, and Lv, Zhongzhu

Subjects
DISEASE risk factors, T cells, PROGNOSTIC models, PROGNOSIS, GENE ontology, REGRESSION analysis, BIOLOGICAL crosstalk
Abstract

Constituted by various heterogeneous cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is capable of promoting tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through extensive crosstalk. The pivotal factor influencing the survival time of patients and their response to immunotherapy lies in the intratumoral immune environment. We obtained 112 differential genes related to T cell-mediated tumor killing in LUAD by employing bioinformatics analysis on the basis of the TCGA and TISIDB databases. Then the 6-gene prognostic risk score model (CA9, OIP5, TIMP1, SEC11C, FURIN, and TLR10) was constructed by conducting univariate LASSO as well as multivariate Cox regression analyses. The median risk score was taken as the threshold to classify the samples into two groups. Survival analysis revealed that the low-risk group exhibited a more favorable prognosis. Subsequently, the Cox regression analysis combined with clinical information (age, gender, and pathological stage) and the risk score of LUAD patients demonstrated the potential of this model as an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram established based on clinical information and a risk score in combination with the calibration curve indicated that this model had good predictive ability. Notable enrichment of the differential genes from the high- and low-risk groups was discovered in immune-associated processes or pathways, as shown by the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The combined use of single-sample gene enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and immunophenoscore (IPS) demonstrated heightened immune infiltration and IPS scores in the low-risk group, indicating that immunotherapy was likely to show good efficacy in patients from this group. To sum up, the prognostic model of LUAD constructed based on T-cell-mediated cell killing-related genes was not only capable of screening the prognosis of LUAD patients but was also used for screening those LUAD patients with high sensitivity to immunotherapy. Our study offered novel insights into the clinical treatment and prognostic prediction of LUAD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. ZFP64 transcriptionally activates PD-1 and CTLA-4 and plays an oncogenic role in esophageal cancer.

Author

Qiu, Gan and Deng, Yiping

Subjects
*ESOPHAGEAL cancer, *CYTOTOXIC T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4, *ZINC-finger proteins, *TRANSCRIPTION factors, *CANCER cell proliferation, *IMMUNOSTAINING, *PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors
Abstract

Anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) are promising therapies for esophageal cancer. Zinc finger protein 64 (ZFP64) is precited as a transcriptional factor for PD-1 and CTLA-4 and presents high expression in esophagus cancer by bioinformatics analysis. The present study was designed to validate these results and to further explore the role of ZFP64 in esophagus cancer tumorigenesis. An orthotopic xenograft mouse model was established. Effects of ZFP64 on tumor growth and weight were assessed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to reveal the protein expression of ZFP64, PD-1, and CTLA-4. Gain-of-function assays were performed to evaluate the influences of ZFP64 on cancer cell malignant phenotypes. The results revealed that ZFP64 transcriptionally activates PD-1 and CTLA-4 to increase their expression. ZFP64 plays an oncogenic role in esophageal cancer by promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and repressing apoptosis. ZFP64 also promotes esophageal cancer xenograft tumor growth in mice. In conclusion, ZFP64 increases PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression by binding to their promoters and facilitates esophageal cancer tumorigenesis, indicating ZFP64 protein transcription factor as a potential antidrug target in esophageal cancer. • ZFP64 transcriptionally activates PD-1 and CTLA-4 in esophagus cancer cells. • ZFP64 promotes esophagus cancer cell malignant phenotypes∖. • ZFP64 promoted growth of KYSE150-formed tumor xenograft in mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Pre-Trained Image Processing Transformer

Author

Chen, Hanting, primary, Wang, Yunhe, additional, Guo, Tianyu, additional, Xu, Chang, additional, Deng, Yiping, additional, Liu, Zhenhua, additional, Ma, Siwei, additional, Xu, Chunjing, additional, Xu, Chao, additional, and Gao, Wen, additional

Published
2021
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39. A New Type of Self Driven Door Handle

Author

Chengguang Wu, Xiaoyun Zhang, Guang Zhu, Deng Yiping, Zhai Yuan, Bai Junjie, Lu Liao, Gang Hu, and Ying Wu

Subjects
Human–computer interaction, Computer science, Door handle, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Type (model theory), 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0210 nano-technology, Self driven, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract

In this article, authors report on a smart door handle that can efficiently collect and utilize ambient energy to power itself. A Triboelectric Nanogenerator which presents characteristics including easy fabrication, small size and light weight is embedded in the door. When begin to turn the handle, the TENG can convert the mechanical energy into the electrical energy, and the power can up to 0.023W. At the same time, the internal circuit will send a single to identify the action of opening the door, and then the wireless receiver will make appropriate responses after receiving the signal. In this article, the authors designed a wireless transmission circuit to ensure that the transmitter and receiver can communicate in real time. Due to the TENG's output is AC signal which can't power the device directly, so the power management circuit was designed to process the signal. To analyze and compare the output signal, the authors designed two power management circuits. Both the circuits can convert the AC signal into the DC signal, the voltage can up to 5V and the current can up to 3mA.

Published
2017

44. An improved standard humidity generator based on bubbling sulfuric acid

Author

Bai Junjie, Xiaoyun Zhang, Bo Yang, Deng Yiping, Yu Zhang, Ying Wu, Wu Chenguang, Yi Xiang, and Zhai Yuan

Subjects
Temperature control, Moisture, business.industry, Detector, Vapour pressure of water, Calibration, Environmental science, Humidity, Partial pressure, Process engineering, business, Trace gas
Abstract

In modern industrial production, controlling the water content in the environment is extremely important. With a large number of trace moisture detector was widely used, there is an urgent need for a reliable device for calibrating trace moisture analyzers. Conventional standard humidity generators used for calibration are too complicated and expensive to calibrate field devices. A portable device for preparing a trace amount of water based on the method of the saturation partial pressure of sulfuric acid is introduced in this paper. The principle of this device is that when the sulfuric acid at different temperatures and concentrations, the equilibrium water vapor pressure is different and remains constant to produce a constant concentration of trace gas, which can calibrate the trace moisture detector. In order to prevent the infiltration of external moisture, and to adapt to the corrosive environment of the chemical industry, gas piping and valves inside the device are made of metal pipe or Teflon material. The temperature control system inside the device can control the error within the range of about ± 0.1 degrees Celsius. After the experimental test, the error range of the instrument is ± 5 percent, when the calibrating gas is greater than 100 umol/mol. Which can meet the vast majority of moisture detector calibration and well adapt to the complex environment. The instrument has high reliability, simple structure and low cost, which is suitable for widely used and popularized. In addition, the instrument has expanded the function of the instrument combining Zigbee wireless communication technology and Internet of things technology. Meanwhile, detailed principle and structure of the improved standard humidity generator based on sulfuric acid bubbling method was introduced in this paper.

Published
2018

46. Design of Intelligent Street Lamp Control System Based on Wireless Network

Author

Yin Leilei, Bai Junjie, Bo Yang, Shi Jinliang, Deng Yiping, Yang Rusen, Wu Chenguang, Ying Wu, Yi Xiang, and Xiaohua Gu

Subjects
business.industry, Wireless network, Computer science, Electrical engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Fault (power engineering), Telecommunications network, law.invention, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, law, Control system, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, General Packet Radio Service, business, Intelligent control, Remote control, Pulse-width modulation
Abstract

An intelligent street lamp management system based on GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and ZigBee communication network is designed and realized for the management of urban street lamps. The lamps can be controlled locally or remotely by the proposed system. With local control, the lamps can be on/off automatically according to the surrounding environment. With remote control, the lamps can be on/off manually. The running status of lamps can be detected and send to the upper computer on time, which give the information of the lamp fault location. With zero point detection circuit and PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control techniques, the lamp lighting can be adjusted smoothly. With ZigBee technology, networking performance can be improved and self-repairmen can be finished timely. Experimental shows that the presented system can be used to monitor and control the street lamps, which has potential applications in other similar fields.

Published
2018

50. Pickering emulsions stabilized by luteolin micro‐nano particles to improve the oxidative stability of pine nut oil.

Author

Wang, Lu, Lu, Shengmin, Deng, Yiping, Wu, Weiwei, Wang, Li, Liu, Yanjie, Zu, Yuangang, and Zhao, Xiuhua

Subjects
LUTEOLIN, EMULSIONS, UNSATURATED fatty acids, PINE, EDIBLE fats & oils
Abstract

BACKGROUND Pine oil contains a high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which make it prone to oxidation. Luteolin (LUT) micro‐nano particles with antioxidant properties can be used as stabilizers to form an edible oil‐in‐water Pickering emulsion to improve the oxidative stability of pine nut oil. RESULTS: Under optimal preparation conditions, the LUT micro‐nano particles and pine nut oil account for about 0.44 and 90.9 g·kg−1 of the total mass of the emulsion, respectively. The LUT particles in the suspension have a mean particle size of about 479 nm, present a sheet‐like structure with a cut surface of 30–50 nm, and can reduce the surface tension of deionized water. In the optimized Pickering emulsion, the emulsion droplets are approximately spherical and have a mean diameter of about 125.6 nm and uniform distribution. The optimized Pickering emulsion droplets can remain stable for up to 2 h in an environment where the pH levels are 7–8.5, ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) irradiation, of less than 5.0 g·kg−1, and at a temperature of 80 °C. The stability of the emulsion in simulated digestive fluid changed minimally. In the first 7 days of the accelerated oxidation experiment, LUT micro‐nano particles not only successfully protected the integrity of emulsion droplets but also fully inhibited the peroxidation of pine oil. CONCLUSION: The strong antioxidant properties of LUT micro‐nano particles, and the dense protective layer they formed, stabilized the Pickering emulsion successfully. The particles also improved the oxidation stability of pine nut oil. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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