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We have measured the clustering properties of low-redshift (z < 0.3) sub-mm galaxies detected at 250 micron in the Herschel-ATLAS Science Demonstration Phase (SDP) field. We selected a sample for which we have high-quality spectroscopic redshifts, obtained from reliably matching the 250-micron sources to a complete (for r < 19.4) sample of galaxies from the GAMA database. Both the angular and spatial clustering strength are measured for all z < 0.3 sources as well as for five redshift slices with thickness delta z=0.05 in the range 0.05 < z < 0.3. Our measured spatial clustering length r_0 is comparable to that of optically-selected, moderately star-forming (blue) galaxies: we find values around 5 Mpc. One of the redshift bins contains an interesting structure, at z = 0.164.

We use multiwavelength data from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) and Herschel ATLAS (H-ATLAS) surveys to compare the relationship between various dust obscuration measures in galaxies. We explore the connections between the ultraviolet (UV) spectral slope, $\beta$, the Balmer decrement, and the far infrared (IR) to $150\,$nm far ultraviolet (FUV) luminosity ratio. We explore trends with galaxy mass, star formation rate (SFR) and redshift in order to identify possible systematics in these various measures. We reiterate the finding of other authors that there is a large scatter between the Balmer decrement and the $\beta$ parameter, and that $\beta$ may be poorly constrained when derived from only two broad passbands in the UV. We also emphasise that FUV derived SFRs, corrected for dust obscuration using $\beta$, will be overestimated unless a modified relation between $\beta$ and the attenuation factor is used. Even in the optimum case, the resulting SFRs have a significant scatter, well over an order of magnitude. While there is a stronger correlation between the IR to FUV luminosity ratio and $\beta$ parameter than with the Balmer decrement, neither of these correlations are particularly tight, and dust corrections based on $\beta$ for high redshift galaxy SFRs must be treated with caution. We conclude with a description of the extent to which the different obscuration measures are consistent with each other as well as the effects of including other galactic properties on these correlations.

We present an analysis of the properties of the lowest Halpha-luminosity galaxies (L_Halpha 10^10 Msun. The low SFR systems are found to exist predominantly in the lowest density environments (median density ~0.02 galaxy Mpc^-2 with none in environments more dense than ~1.5 galaxy Mpc^-2). Their current specific star formation rates (SSFR; -8.5 < log(SSFR[yr^-1])

Summary A group of 27 patients, subjected to temporal lobectomy for epilepsy, have been studied post-operatively from periods varying from two to five years. The pre-operative and post-operative psychological status have been compared. Pre-operatively 26 of the 27 patients showed some degree of psychological abnormality, which in many was very severe. Post-operatively improvement in some degree, but in some in very marked degree, was found in 18 patients. Changes in learning ability, in aggressiveness, in sexuality and in social relationships are described. The development of depressive illnesses was witnessed during the first post-operative two years in 11 patients. A relationship is found between improvement in psychological status and post-operative freedom from seizures. Assessed on a rating scale the psychological status of five patients was worse than before operation. All five patients continued to suffer epileptic seizures.

The Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey is a multiwavelength photometric and spectroscopic survey, using the AAOmega spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope to obtain spectra for up to ~300000 galaxies over 280 square degrees, to a limiting magnitude of r_pet < 19.8 mag. The target galaxies are distributed over 0, Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

We use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey (GAMA) I data set combined with GALEX, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) imaging to construct the low-redshift (z

5 páginas, 4 figuras.-- Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.-- et al., We have determined the luminosity function of 250 μm-selected galaxies detected in the ~14 deg2 science demonstration region of the Herschel-ATLAS project out to a redshift of z = 0.5. Our findings very clearly show that the luminosity function evolves steadily out to this redshift. By selecting a sub-group of sources within a fixed luminosity interval where incompleteness effects are minimal, we have measured a smooth increase in the comoving 250 μm luminosity density out to z = 0.2 where it is 3.6+1.4-0.9 times higher than the local value., S.D. Acknowledges the UK STFC for support.

Context: The mass-metallicity relationship (MMR) of star-forming galaxies is well-established, however there is still some disagreement with respect to its exact shape and its possible dependence on other observables. Aims: We measure the MMR in the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. We compare our measured MMR to that measured in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and study the dependence of the MMR on various selection criteria to identify potential causes for disparities seen in the literature. Methods: We use strong emission line ratio diagnostics to derive oxygen abundances. We then apply a range of selection criteria for the minimum signal-to-noise in various emission lines, as well as the apparent and absolute magnitude to study variations in the inferred MMR. Results: The shape and position of the MMR can differ significantly depending on the metallicity calibration and selection used. After selecting a robust metallicity calibration amongst those tested, we find that the mass-metallicity relation for redshifts 0.061< z, Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

It is a paradox that during the years of psychosocial development each man has to achieve an identity, a role in which he can feel secure, and yet poets and philosophers tell us that man is forever seeking to diminish the isolation which a personal identity imposes. Without the development of a personal identity and a role in life the individual remains a social isolate, a dependent parasite or a social deviant. Yet, once achieved, identity brings a new awareness of separateness from others and a need to merge the self with others, to identify with someone or something else. This would seem to be a main objective of love. It has been said that human love is the supreme act of communication with another, a merging of identity, and poets speak of communicating with nature or with God in like terms. Romantic and sacred literature abound in metaphors and images describing the bliss which such activity offers. If it is true that while we have a need to develop a sense of personal selfhood, an identity and a role, we have a further need to diminish the separateness such awareness imposes, how do we go about it? The contemporary answer is, of course, by communication, by relating to others. The better the communication we have with others, the greater our sense of belongingness, the less the pain of individual isolation. It is not necessary to emphasize that a cardinal feature of all severe mental illness is either a loss or a distortion of the individual's communicative capacity. But I would like to emphasize that the debate as to whether failure of communication is either a cause, or an association, or a consequence of mental illness is not my theme.

There are in the eyes of the world different sorts of ‘good’ psychiatrists. It depends who is making the judgement; it depends what is asked of the psychiatrist, what role he is expected to take and how successfully he has measured up to it. One would expect that the qualities of a doctor would be judged to a very large degree by his capacity to treat patients. This is what his long period of undergraduate and postgraduate training and education is about. Recently this concept of the doctor, and particularly that of consultant psychiatrist, has been challenged. The expectation that in the future he will continue to treat patients personally seems to be doubted. I wish to make my own attitude clear at the outset. The psychiatrist in my view is a physician in psychological medicine—a clinician—which means that his business and his professionalism are the personal care of patients. He is now called upon to do much more than this, and the reasons are several and complex. But the old view of a psychiatrist as physician may be lost if he accepts only the role of administrator, PR man, member of a multiprofessional team with far-ranging, ubiquitous responsibilities.

The technique of electroencephalography has become to neurophysiology what the microscope is to histology. It is probable that by this technique neurophysiologists will achieve a comprehensive knowledge of the functional organization of the brain. While the EEG has been used most successfully for this type of research, it has also been applied with no less enthusiasm to clinical problems of neurology and psychiatry. In certain cerebral disorders, for example epilepsy, where knowledge had already made considerable advance, the EEG technique was immediately found to have application. But in what may be called “the problems of function” provided by the main psychiatric reactions of schizophrenia and manic-depression, and in relation to individual differences of temperament, intelligence and personality, in all these the EEG has so far proved of little value.

The concept of responsibility is foreign to medical and psychiatric thinking, but must be faced by the expert witness. Temperament, personality and character are three discernibly different aspects of an individual. In understanding responsibility, character development is the most important. The major difficulties are in the case of psychopathic personality. The diagnosis, definition and causes of this are discussed, and consideration is given to the question of “irresistible impulse.”

It is only proper that I should begin this paper with a disclaimer. I am not a psychotherapist, nor am I one who has devoted much of his time to the physical methods of treatment. My only qualification to carry this burden at all is that I believe I am somewhat in a neutral position and have not been fired alone by either set of enthusiasms—neither those which activate the physical treatment experts, nor those which sustain the psychopathologists. Necessarily therefore what I have to say will be from a personal viewpoint, although of course not a detached one and I will apologize once for this and not again. The subject of this talk is obviously an important one and must be the concern of psychiatrists of all persuasions. Those who are psychotherapists cannot ignore the fact that the main mental disorders which constitute the serious core of psychiatric disability in the community are treated first and foremost by physical methods, insulin coma, E.C.T. and surgery, while those who are non-analytical psychiatrists cannot ignore the fact that the less serious but enormously more prevalent conditions are treated in the main by psychological methods. The question might be asked, are there then two types of psychiatric disorder, the one only treatable by a physical method, the other by a psychological method ? But this is a superficial view; with the greater sophistication of physical methods more and more patients who formerly were treated by psychotherapy are now subjected to some physical treatment, and conversely—and this is particularly evident from the American literature—more and more patients, particularly schizophrenics, formerly treated by insulin or surgery are now being subjected to psychoanalysis. Each side is therefore invading the territory of the other, but there is no common language or ground for discussion between them. Now of course there are many different forms of physical treatment, just as there are many different types of psychotherapy. Let me take the physical treatments first. We can I think divide them roughly into two classes. There are those which by their universal use for a special type of mental state or special group of symptoms have come to be regarded, rightly or wrongly, as almost a radical treatment for such conditions. For this group no psychopathological preconception regarding the patient, his problems, his methods of adaptation and defence are necessary. All that is needed is a clear statement of his symptomatology, its duration and course to enable the physician to determine the type of treatment. In this group therefore we can place insulin comas, E.C.T., and cerebral surgery of the leucotomy type. It is only necessary to demonstrate schizophrenic thought disorder and primary delusions of recent onset to arrive at the view that insulin treatment is advisable; on the other hand depressive affect, depressive sleep disorder and loss of weight, continuing beyond the reasonable period following a stress situation or the absence of a stress situation particularly in the involutional period of life will lead many to recommend E.C.T. without more ado. For chronic obsessional tension, rumination or distressing psychotic ideas interfering with adaptation, leucotomy or some modified form of surgery come to mind.

It is a common clinical observation that emotional disturbance can influence a patient's response to sedative drugs. In recent years these effects have been studied in both normal and emotionally ill subjects. Kornetsky and Humphries (1957) found that in ten healthy adults the response to small doses of secobarbital sodium correlated with the scores on the depression and psychasthenia scales of the MMPI. Von Felsingeret al. (1955), in a study of the effect of a variety of psychotropic drugs, including pentobarbitone, on “normal” subjects, observed that those who responded in an atypical fashion tended to have abnormal personalities and to suffer from depressive episodes. Beecher (1955) has pointed out that the degree of placebo effect on post-operative analgesia varies with the severity of the stress to which the patient is exposed.

During the last eight years the E.E.G.'s of over 100 persons awaiting trial on charges of murder have been examined, at first at Sutton and since 1947 at the Maudsley Hospital. While a few cases were seen during the war, the majority of these prisoners have been examined since the end of hostilities and about 50 of them between 1948-1950. It is difficult to assess to what extent this group constitutes a cross-section of the murderer population. During the four years 1945-48 inclusive some 300 prisoners were committed for trial at Assizes over the whole country on the charge of murder and this is the stage at which the majority of our subjects have been examined. Some 50 prisoners were examined during this period so that approximately one-sixth of all cases have been seen here. There were no formal criteria of selection, which was usually made by the prison medical officers, but inevitably there has been a greater concentration within the group of individuals suspected of epilepsy or brain disease. Nevertheless, in the last two years the majority of prisoners accused of murder in the London area and home counties have been examined. At the time when the examinations were made, we were supplied in each case with full clinical details and some information regarding the alleged crime by the prison medical officer. By far the largest number of such prisoners has come to us from Brixton Prison. We are greatly indebted to Dr. J. C. Matheson, Dr. Hugh Grierson, Dr. F. H. Taylor, as well as to medical officers of other prisons throughout the country, who have given us all the information available and have collaborated with us in an invaluable way in our investigations.

The question posed by the title of this paper has been debated in the psychiatric literature both here and abroad for many years, as evidenced by such distinctions as endogenous vs. psychogenic or reactive, and psychotic vs. neurotic, forms of depression. This author concludes that depressive illness can be seen as disease in the sense that its manifestations are deviations from normal biological functions, and as reaction in the sense that it is a response to a crisis situation, resulting in a catastrophic lowering of self-esteem. But the therapeutic skill of the psychiatrist is best displayed when he understands the patient's depression as posture, the symptoms of which are forms of communication.

A report of a case of Sturge's syndrome is given showing diffuse naevus flammeus, buphthalmos and Jacksonian fits of the contralateral side of the body. The patient was of low mentality with an intelligence quotient of 72, but by no means mentally defective. Radiographs of the brain showed no calcification of the cerebral sulci. Results of air-replacement and electro-encephalography are described.

It has often been said that no one knows what psychoanalysis is—whether it is a science, one of the humanities, a particular type of therapeutic art, a religion or a form of semantic theory (Ryecroft 1968). There are those who postpone judgement, waiting to see whether psychoanalytical theory is refuted or accepted. This raises the question of the nature of theories developed to explain human nature, as opposed to those designed for the purpose of explaining physical nature. Failure to distinguish between them leads to much confusion. Consideration of human nature leads to what is exclusively and most significantly human—human experience, so-called psychic reality, a phenomenon unique to human beings, but shared to a certain extent by them, and capable of communication between them. Physical nature, both organic and inorganic, is of a different order of abstraction. Psychic reality, which cannot be directly perceived through the physical senses, is only directly experienced in the self, but can be communicated by language—and can be inferred from observation. Physical reality can only be perceived through the physical senses.