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En las últimas décadas, han aumentado los estudios sobre las competencias para el ejercicio de profesiones de la salud (Gonsalvez et al., 2017). En psicología y, en particular para la psicoterapia, se han elaborado diferentes escritos que detallan las competencias que deben adquirir los psicoterapeutas durante su formación. Sin embargo, a nivel local no se cuenta con estudios sistemáticos específicos. Con el objetivo de conocer cuáles son las competencias más relevantes que deben poseer los psicoterapeutas argentinos para el ejercicio de la psicoterapia, se realizaron 20 entrevistas semi-dirigidas sometidas a un análisis temático. Se encontraron siete competencias clínicas básicas que fueron denominadas Proceso diagnóstico, Diseño, intervenciones y técnicas, Evaluación y finalización del proceso, Vínculo terapéutico, Rol profesional, Variables contextuales y diversidad y Manejo de entrevista.

Resumen A nivel internacional, se han elaborado modelos e instrumentos de evaluación de competencias genéricas y específicas; sin embargo, en Argentina los desarrollos han sido menores. Un relevamiento de psicoterapeutas locales concluye que al menos siete competencias clínicas básicas y cinco indicadores asociados a su desarrollo serían esenciales para desempeñarse como terapeutas (Crocamo, 2019). El objetivo de este trabajo fue construir un instrumento para su evaluación, denominado Escala de Competencias Clínicas Básicas para Psicoterapeutas (ECCBP). Para ello, se utilizó un diseño no experimental, transversal de tipo exploratorio en cuatro fases: (1) elaboración del sistema de evaluación; (2) redacción de ítems; (3) revisión de la versión preliminar; y (4) desarrollo del instrumento definitivo. Se aplicó el instrumento a 534 psicoterapeutas argentinos con título de grado de psicólogo. La versión definitiva quedó conformada por 122 ítems y para completarlo se requirieren aproximadamente 45 minutos. La elaboración de un instrumento local favorece el estudio sistemático del área y permite valorar de manera confiable la efectividad de los programas de entrenamiento. Abstract At the international level, models and instruments for the evaluation of generic and specific competences have been developed; however, in Argentina the developments have been fewer. A survey of local psychotherapists concludes that at least seven basic clinical competencies would be essential to perform as therapists: diagnostic process and design, interventions and techniques, therapeutic bond, professional role, contextual variables and diversity, interview management and evaluation and completion of the process. Furthermore, five activities and experiences would be linked to their training, called associated indicators: basic training and updating, personal development and work on oneself, belonging to institutions and network of professionals, supervision, and personal and professional experience (Crocamo, 2019). Therefore, the objective of this work was to construct an instrument for its evaluation called Basic Clinical Competences Scale for Psychotherapists (BCCSP). To do this, a non-experimental, cross-sectional exploratory design was used in four phases: (1) development of the evaluation system; (2) writing of items; (3) review of the preliminary version; and (4) development of the final instrument. The instrument was applied to 534 Argentine psychotherapists with a degree in psychology. To attend to the particularity of each phase, three samples were used. The first one was composed of three psychotherapists summoned to participate in the selection of the different methodologies to evaluate each competence and indicator. For the second one, reviewers of the instrument made up of five therapists with different levels of professional experience summoned to assess the preliminary version of the instrument. And the third, to study the psychometric properties of the BCCSP, a snowball sample was used composed of 534 psychotherapists from 19 provinces of Argentina. As a result, different evaluation formats were incorporated in order to favor the effective evaluation of the variables, clinical vignettes, self-evaluation of perception of competences and questionnaire. A systematized procedure was carried out to review and refine the pilot version. The percentage of agreement between the reviewers of the instrument (Herrera Rojas, 1993) and the Aiken's V coefficient were calculated using software called Basic Visual Program for Aiken's V, developed by Merino Soto and Livia Segovia (2009). The final version was made up of 122 items and it takes approximately 45 minutes to complete it. The first part is composed of three vignettes which offer clinical descriptions with 15 questions for each situation. Finally, the responses are scored as correct / complete (2 points), correct / partial (1 point) or incorrect (0 points). Next, the self-assessment scale presents the following Cronbach's alpha coefficients Therapeutic link α = .833; Professional role α = .715; Contextual variables and diversity α = .853; Interview management α = .845; Evaluation and completion of the process α = .845 and Design, interventions and techniques II α = .797. Finally, the questionnaire was made up of 22 items: basic training and updating (5 items), personal and professional experience (5 items), personal development and work on oneself (4 items), supervision (4 items), membership in institutions and professional network (5 items). The answers collected will allow to obtain qualitative information on experiences or activities associated with the development of clinical competencies for psychotherapy. In the first place, it should be noted that the BCCSP is an instrument specially constructed for the local population and the study area that can be generalizable to other similar sociocultural contexts since the vast majority of evaluation models and studies have been developed in Anglo-Saxon countries. At the same time, due to the lack of local evaluation instruments, the BCCSP could become a valuable tool, both to be used in research activities and in training programs and educational monitoring.

This chapter outlines the authors’ work as a research team participating in CUWB (Children’s Understanding of Well Being) since it was first created, based on a project registered with the CICS-UP, School of Social Sciences of the Universidad de Palermo, Argentina. The chapter focuses on a key aspect of their findings: children’s feelings of security. The general objective of the project is to understand the social, cultural and political dimensions of the life experiences of children living in different geographic contexts in the Buenos Aires Region, Argentina, taking account of the children’s own words. This is a qualitative study that recognizes the importance of the contexts and the meanings for the actors. The sample is composed of three groups of children, 9–12 years old, living in different neighborhoods of the Region of Buenos Aires, including both urban and semi-urban neighborhoods. The techniques used for the study were: focus group, drawings and sentence completion. The chapter shows that security is an important topic in children’s lives and streets represent the place children fear, where they feel insecure and afraid of being robbed in urban areas.

The study of subjective well-being in children and adolescents has had different focuses and orientations; this research paper’s approach on that theme lies in conceiving children as active agents, as the protagonists of the aforementioned research (Sen 2000), focusing on their own outlook and using their own words (Ben-Arieh et al. 2013; Benatuil and Laurito 2016; Mieles and Tonon 2015). Leisure during childhood is highly relevant to children’s development (Fattore et al. 2017; Leyra Fatou and Barcenas Vinas 2014; Penalba 1999) and may be considered as a fundamental right, vital to children’s development process (Lasen Diaz 2000). Thus, the study of leisure is relevant, since it promotes higher satisfaction and well-being (Schutz and Stum 2017). This article analyzed the use of free time, free-time activities and children’s well-being in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Moreover, this paper formed part of the international research network The Children’s Worlds, through the project Estudiar la calidad de vida y el bienestar de ninos y ninas en la provincia de Buenos Aires (The Study of quality of life and well-being of boys and girls in Buenos Aires Province), conducted by the UNI-COM team of Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora (UNLZ) and supported by LOMASCyT Program-UNLZ. The total sampling consisted of 1062 children, in this article it is considered a number of 373 ten-year old children, studying at public and private institutions. The instrument used was the ISCWeB. The results show that children are highly satisfied with the use of their free time. Regarding the activities they indulge in, watching television is the most frequent; while reading for pleasure and studying with friends are the least frequent. Also the link between subjective well-being and the use of free time was verified.

En este trabajo, se desarrolla el concepto de adaptación cultural, particularmente se aborda la adaptación de los estudiantes extranjeros. Se plantean diferentes modelos explicativos y se comentan diferentes niveles de adaptación. Se trabaja con conceptos como aculturación y estrés por aculturación. Por último, se comentan algunas de las investigaciones que abordaron los factores que favorecen la integración del estudiante extranjero.

Non-formal education and recreation hold a highly significant place within the Jewish community. These spaces are usually run by Madrichim—young people who can play an important role as non-formal educators.

In World Suffering and Quality of Life Anderson diligently integrates different points of view by a carefully selected group of researchers in the field, into a compelling 32-chapter handbook. He masterfully included 45 leading experts from 16 different countries from all over the world, delivering the first of its kind compilation with a diverse cultural and conceptual approach. In this book different scientific and psychological views are presented, in contrast to the classical religious and philosophical approaches predominating until now.

En este trabajo se analiza la inserción ocupacional de una muestra de jóvenes profesionales egresados de la Licenciatura en Psicología. Se trata de una temática de gran relevancia y poco abordada hasta la actualidad Su estudio permite conocer la situación de los jóvenes profesionales hoy y su grado de inserción laboral. Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión de las características propias de un campo profesional singular, con rasgos distintivos. A su vez los datos arrojados tienen un alto grado de trasferencia ya que aportan información para evaluar y repensar la formación actual del Psicólogo en la Argentina, considerando sus fortalezas y debilidades, analizando los logros y las deudas pendientes.

This paper presents the concept of Well-being, defined as the cognitive and affective evaluation that a person makes of his/her own life. The interest is centered in understanding what makes them happy and what generates well-being among boys and girls. In order to do so, different areas of children’s lives were accessed, trying to encompass the social, cultural and political dimensions of Well-being. Qualitative method was used, giving the children a protagonist role. Two groups of boys and girls between 8 and 12 years old participated, living in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The group technique was used, we gave voice to the children and focused on the following topics: significant people in their lives – family and peers – and significant places – school and city. The results of the study show that family and peer groups play a central role for these children while the school and the city play an ambivalent part. Este trabajo aborda el tema del bienestar, definido como la evaluación cognitiva y afectiva que la persona hace de su propia vida (Diener, 2000). El interés se centra en conocer y entender lo que hace feliz y lo que genera bienestar a niños y niñas (Ben-Arieh, 2000; Ben-Arieh et al., 2013). Para lograrlo, tratamos de acceder a diferentes áreas de la vida de los/as niños/as, intentando abarcar las dimensiones sociales, culturales y políticas del bienestar. Trabajamos utilizando el método cualitativo, dando a niños/as un papel protagónico. La muestra consistió en dos grupos de niños y niñas, entre 8 y 12 años que viven en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se utilizó la técnica de grupo focal y se abordaron los siguientes temas: satisfacción-insatisfacción; seguridad - inseguridad; justicia - injusticia; personas significativas en sus vidas y sus opiniones acerca de la escuela y la ciudad. En ambos grupos la satisfacción estuvo vinculada al juego y a la realización de actividades gratificantes. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la familia y los grupos de pares juega un papel central para estos niños/as, en tanto que la escuela tiene un lugar ambivalente. Este artigo aborda a questão do bem-estar, definido como uma avaliação cognitiva e afetiva que a pessoa faz da própria vida. O seu interesse recai na compreensão do que faz feliz e do que gera bem-estar às crianças. Para o conseguir, acedeu-se a diferentes áreas da vida das crianças, tentando envolver todas as dimensões sociais, culturais e políticas do bem-estar. Utilizou-se o método qualitativo, dando-se às crianças um papel protagonista. Trabalhou-se com dois grupos de crianças entre os 8 e os 12 anos que moram em Buenos Aires, Argentina. Utilizou-se a técnica de grupo, tendo-se dado a palavra às crianças que expressaram a sua visão sobre os seguintes temas: pessoas importantes nas suas vidas – família e pares – e lugares signiticativos – escola e cidade. Os resultados do estudo mostram que a família e os grupos de pares desempenham um papel central para estas crianças, enquanto a escola e a cidade têm um lugar ambivalente.

This chapter explores the relationship between sports and community well-being, taking into account factors such as social bonds, social and cultural integration, health, improved quality of life, and the enhancement of personal and community well-being. Well-being is a concept with a long history and development. Originally used in the field of philosophy, it then spread to psychology. Community well-being is a relatively recent, little-explored term, which builds on the concepts of well-being and quality of life. This chapter provides a theoretical assessment based on the concepts of well-being, community well-being, and sports, distinguishing the latter from mere physical activity. Finally, the relationship between community well-being and sports—which few studies have explored—is analyzed.

ResumenEn este trabajo se presenta un instrumento para evaluar el conocimiento tacito para el ejercicio del liderazgo en ambitos militares (CTLM). Se analizan las propiedades psicometricas del mismo. Se trata de un instrumento disenado sobre la base de la Teoria de la Inteligencia practica de Sternberg (1997).La muestra estuvo compuesta de 150 oficiales militares subalternos a los que se les administro el CTLM (conocimiento tacito para el liderazgo militar), el test DAT y se evaluo el rendimiento academico y militar.El instrumento demostro ser confiable y valido. Se verifico que el conocimiento tacito esta relacionado con la aplicacion practica de conocimientos militares (adiestramiento) y en menor medida con el rendimiento en las asignaturas teoricas militares. El conocimiento tacito no correlaciona con el rendimiento academico de los cadetes. Los resultados dan apoyo empirico a la teoria de la inteligencia practica de R. Sternberg.

En este estudio se presentan los pasos para la construcción de un instrumento para evaluar la inteligencia práctica –conocimiento tácito- basado en la teoría de R. Sternberg (Sternberg et al., 2000). Para ello se trabajó en diferentes etapas y con distintos instrumentos.La primera fue la detección de incidentes críticos a partir de entrevistas semidirigidas a 25 cadetes que realizan un programa de entrenamiento combinado académico/militar. La segunda consistió en la aplicación del instrumento piloto (CTLM) a 150 oficiales militares, egresados recientes, construido a partir de los incidentes críticos detectados. La tercera consistió en la evaluación de la calidad de los ítems mediante la técnica de focus group por parte de 10 oficiales instructores -expertos a cargo de la formación de cadetes. En la cuarta fase se diseñaron los tipos de respuestas esperadas para la resolución del incidente, según el criterio de los oficiales instructores y las respuestas específicas de los cadetes a la versión piloto del instrumento CTLM.