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This study aimed to analyze the existing evidence on the association between dental diseases and stroke. Various pathogenic mechanisms, including bacteraemia and systemic inflammation, were investigated to explore their impact on stroke occurrence and severity. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the online databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. The initial screening process resulted in a total of 138 articles being gathered. Upon subsequent refinement, 52 articles were discarded due to duplication or non-English language, leaving 86 articles for further assessment. Oral bacteria can travel to the brain's blood vessels and cause bacteraemia, leading to local inflammation and the release of toxins. This process can result in the blockage or rupture of blood vessels, leading to stroke. Oral infections consistently trigger immune responses and systemic inflammation, with inflammation-related proteins playing a crucial role in stroke development. Notably, periodontal treatment could reduce the risk of stroke. This review emphasizes the role of dental diseases in promoting stroke occurrence through various mechanisms. Dental diseases contribute to the development of stroke by facilitating bacteraemia and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, through effectively treating and preventing dental diseases, the risk of strokes can be significantly reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Gingival darkening, known as smokers' gingival melanosis or smoker's melanosis, is a benign symptom attributed to excessive deposition of melanin pigment. Melanin, responsible for skin, hair, and eye coloration, accumulates excessively, resulting in darkened gums. While not typically a severe health concern, smokers and former smokers may worry about this aesthetic change. This study aims to differentiate and categorize gingival pigmentation in smokers compared to non‐smokers using a deep learning‐based SqueezeNet. This innovative diagnostic tool holds significant promise in the medical and dental fields for assessing the presence and prognosis of such gingival pigmentations. Methods: The research utilized intraoral images obtained from patients at Saveetha Dental College. Two hundred patients exhibiting oral and gingival pigmentation were enrolled, specifically targeting those with a smoking history and excluding cases of amalgam, metallic, physiological pigmentation, intestinal polyposis, and pigmentation from food allergies. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 102 subjects were selected from the initial pool for further analysis. These subjects were classified into healthy and pigmented gingiva, displaying brownish‐black pigmentation. Intraoral photographs were captured and subjected to segmentation and annotation using a SqueezeNet for subsequent analysis. Machine learning techniques were employed for further evaluation, including random forest, logistic Regression, and naive Bayes. Results: The accuracy results indicate the performance of three different machine learning algorithms, namely random forest, logistic regression, and Naive Bayes, on predicting the presence of pigmented gingiva in smokers and non‐smokers. Using random forest, logistic regression, and Naive Bayes, respectively, it was discovered that the accuracy of pigmented gingiva in smokers and non‐smokers was 88.8% and 92.6%, 93.3% and 95.2%, 95.1%, and 95.6%. A confusion matrix and a Roc graph were produced. Conclusions: The results suggest that machine learning algorithms can be effective in predicting the presence of pigmented gingiva in different populations. The confusion matrix and ROC graph can provide further insights into the model's performance and can be used to optimize the classifier's threshold for prediction. Thus, it allows patients to self‐diagnose and doctors to diagnose in their hectic clinical routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the existing evidence on the association between dental diseases and stroke. Various pathogenic mechanisms, including bacteraemia and systemic inflammation, were investigated to explore their impact on stroke occurrence and severity. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the online databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. The initial screening process resulted in a total of 138 articles being gathered. Upon subsequent refinement, 52 articles were discarded due to duplication or non-English language, leaving 86 articles for further assessment. Results: Oral bacteria can travel to the brain’s blood vessels and cause bacteraemia, leading to local inflammation and the release of toxins. This process can result in the blockage or rupture of blood vessels, leading to stroke. Oral infections consistently trigger immune responses and systemic inflammation, with inflammation-related proteins playing a crucial role in stroke development. Notably, periodontal treatment could reduce the risk of stroke. Conclusion: This review emphasizes the role of dental diseases in promoting stroke occurrence through various mechanisms. Dental diseases contribute to the development of stroke by facilitating bacteraemia and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, through effectively treating and preventing dental diseases, the risk of strokes can be significantly reduced.

الملخص: أهداف البحث: غالبا ما يواجه الأفراد المصابون باضطراب طيف التوحد تحديات في الحفاظ على صحة الفم الجيدة بسبب عوامل مثل الحساسيات الحسية، وصعوبات التواصل، والاختلالات الميكروبية في تجويف الفم. على الرغم من الوعي المتزايد باضطراب طيف التوحد في المملكة العربية السعودية والعالم، لم تقم أي مراجعة منهجية بتقييم تأثير اضطراب طيف التوحد على حالة صحة الفم في المملكة العربية السعودية بشكل شامل. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم ما إذا كانت صحة الفم لدى الأفراد المصابين باضطراب طيف التوحد في المملكة العربية السعودية تختلف عن تلك الخاصة بالأفراد الطبيعيين عصبيا، وذلك باستخدام إطار المراجعة المنهجية. طريقة البحث: باستخدام إطار المشاركين والتعرض والمقارنة والنتيجة، تم إجراء بحث منهجي لقواعد البيانات الإلكترونية، وتم إجراء الفحص بشكل مستقل من قبل اثنين من المراجعين، مع حل النزاعات من خلال المناقشة. تم استخراج البيانات المتعلقة بخصائص الدراسة ونتائج صحة الفم بشكل مستقل من قبل اثنين من المراجعين. تم تقييم خطر التحيز باستخدام قائمة التقييم النقدي لمعهد جوانا بريجز للدراسات التحليلية المستعرضة. النتائج: من أصل 763 مقالة تم تحديدها في البداية، استوفى 14 منها معايير الاشتمال. أشارت هذه الدراسات إلى أن الأطفال الذين يعانون من اضطراب طيف التوحد لديهم معدل انتشار أعلى لتسوس الأسنان، وزيادة التهاب اللثة، وزيادة خطر الإصابة بصدمات الأسنان مقارنة بأقرانهم ذوي النمط العصبي. أبدى آباء الأطفال الذين يعانون من اضطراب طيف التوحد مخاوف متزايدة بشأن صحة فم أطفالهم. الاستنتاجات: تدريب أطباء الأسنان على إدارة المرضى الذين يعانون من اضطراب طيف التوحد أمر ضروري. هناك حاجة إلى مزيد من البحث باستخدام عينات أكبر ومنهجية صارمة لتعزيز فهم العلاقة بين اضطراب طيف التوحد ونتائج صحة الفم في المملكة العربية السعودية. Abstract: Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face challenges in maintaining good oral health, because of factors including sensory sensitivities, communication difficulties, and microbial imbalances in the oral cavity. Despite growing awareness of ASD, both in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and globally, no systematic review has comprehensively assessed the effects of ASD on oral health status in KSA. Objective: This study was aimed at assessing whether the oral health of individuals with ASD in KSA might differ from that of neurotypical individuals, on the basis of a systematic review framework. Materials and methods: According to the Participants, Exposure, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework, a systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, and screening was independently performed by two reviewers. Conflicts were resolved through discussion. Data on study characteristics and oral health findings were independently extracted by the two reviewers. The risk of bias was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: Of 763 initially identified articles, 14 met the inclusion criteria. These studies indicated that children with ASD have a higher prevalence of dental caries, greater gingival inflammation, and a greater risk of dental trauma than their neurotypical peers. Parents of children with ASD showed elevated concern regarding their children's oral health. Conclusion: Training dental professionals to manage patients with ASD is essential. Further research with larger sample sizes and rigorous methods is necessary to enhance understanding of the relationship between ASD and oral health outcomes in KSA.

Diabetes is a prevalent metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia, impacting various systems in the body, including oral health. This article aims to elucidate the complex relationship between diabetes and oral health, focusing on the mechanisms underlying this interaction and proposing strategies for prevention and management. The link between diabetes and oral health is multifactorial, involving factors such as chronic inflammation, poor immune response, and delayed tissue healing. People with diabetes are at increased risk of developing oral conditions such as periodontal disease, tooth decay, and oral infections, which can worsen systemic complications and compromise quality of life. Effective diabetes management plays an important role in preventing and mitigating oral complications. Blood sugar control, along with rigorous oral hygiene practices and regular visits to the dentist, are essential for maintaining oral health in diabetic patients. Moreover, interdisciplinary collaboration between dental practitioners and diabetes specialists is essential for patient care, facilitating early detection and intervention of oral problems and optimizing overall health outcomes.

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Background: Food impaction can contribute to a variety of oral health problems. However, the prevalence of food impaction in the population and patient awareness of these issues are poorly reported on. Methods: A questionnaire about food impaction was designed and uploaded to an online platform (Sojump) which was then circulated among the study participants using various social media platforms. Participants were asked to anonymously respond to the questionnaire regarding the prevalence of food impaction, its influence on their quality of life, their consultation rates and their oral cleaning methods. The survey was conducted through an online survey portal. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and GraphPad. The Chi-Square test, Bonferroni test and the Kruskal–Wallis H test were used to measure categorical variables from the survey. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of food impaction in non-dental professional participants was 86.9%. Among these patients, 12,157 pairs/cases of proximal contacts were affected. The number of food impaction cases in posterior teeth was significantly higher than in anterior teeth. Approximately 81.9% of patients believed that food impaction could affect their lives. However, the consultation rate for these patients was only 17.7%. Conclusions: This study revealed that food impaction continued to have a high rate of incidence and a low rate of consultation, potentially due to a lack of awareness regarding its influence on oral health. To effectively prevent and address problems resulting from food impaction, both dentists and society need to enhance oral health knowledge in the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Poor oral health and oral dysbiosis were found to be associated with cancers, especially of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. But the cause-and-effect relationship and the effect of the risk are not yet known due to scarcity of literature. Understanding such risk relationship can contribute to an integrated multi-disciplinary approach for GI cancer prevention. Aim: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the role of oral dysbiosis on increasing the risk of digestive system cancers. Objective: To evaluate the effect of poor oral health on increasing the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: We conducted a systematic search following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in databases PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley's online library and Web of Science from inception to February 2023 to include recent cohort studies that assessed the association between poor oral health and the risk of cancer. We assessed bias using the New Castle Ottawa scale. We used inferential statistics to describe the effect of oral dysbiosis on gastrointestinal cancers. We performed a sub-group analysis to assess the effect of oral conditions on individual cancers. Results: We included 10 longitudinal studies in the meta-analysis. The overall effect size of poor oral health and GI cancer risk was hazard's ratio (HR) =1.30 (95% CI: [1.14, 1.46]) (p<0.001) (I2 = 68.78). Sub-group analysis indicated that poor oral health increases the risk of esophageal cancer HR=1.61 (95% CI: [1.37, 1.85]), stomach cancer HR=1.33 (95% CI: [1.08, 1.58]), pancreatic cancer HR=1.90 (95% CI; [1.29, 2.50]) and colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma HR=1.16 (95% CI: [1.08, 1.23]). Conclusion: The meta-analysis indicated that poor oral health was significantly associated with increasing the risk of GI cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental Caries is one of the major oral diseases that can be seen increasing among adults as well as in children. Many Artificial Intelligence (AI) based works have been caried out for early detection of dental caries but achieving a good accuracy is still a challenge. This work aims to develop a model that can classify the three classes of the dental caries namely enamel caries, dentin caries and pulpitis. The proposed design is a fine-tuned model based on the VGG16 model emulating deep learning-based classification of dentin caries. The dataset of Radio Visio Graphy (RVG) images which comprises of infected tooth is collected and labelled for this purpose. The proposed model is also compared with the fully train VGG16 and Bi-Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) coupled with the transfer learning. The performance of these models is evaluated based on the Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1 Score. Based on the evaluation metrics, it has been observed that the proposed method is able to achieve highest accuracy as compared to the fully train VGG16 and Bi-LSTM coupled with the transfer learning. The proposed model shows an overall accuracy of 97.87% with minimal loss. It’s performance has also been compared with state of the art models with similar settings to verify its performance upper hand.

Diabetes is a prevalent metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia, impacting various systems in the body, including oral health. This article aims to elucidate the complex relationship between diabetes and oral health, focusing on the mechanisms underlying this interaction and proposing strategies for prevention and management. The link between diabetes and oral health is multifactorial, involving factors such as chronic inflammation, poor immune response, and delayed tissue healing. People with diabetes are at increased risk of developing oral conditions such as periodontal disease, tooth decay, and oral infections, which can worsen systemic complications and compromise quality of life. Effective diabetes management plays an important role in preventing and mitigating oral complications. Blood sugar control, along with rigorous oral hygiene practices and regular visits to the dentist, are essential for maintaining oral health in diabetic patients. Moreover, interdisciplinary collaboration between dental practitioners and diabetes specialists is essential for patient care, facilitating early detection and intervention of oral problems and optimizing overall health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral diseases are major public health problem among reproductive aged pre-conceptive married women. ‘Healthcare for Newly Wedded’ programme (HNWP) address the oral health issues among them. Objective: To assess the effect of HNWP on the oral health status among reproductive aged pre-conceptive married women before their first pregnancy in Kalutara district. Methods: Community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 820 of married women before their first pregnancy in Kalutara district using an interviewer administered questionnaire and a clinical oral examination. Categorical data were presented as percentages and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bivariate analysis was done for comparisons and multivariate analysis was done to adjust for confounders. Results: Preconceived married women carried a considerable burden of oral diseases (dental caries – 46.7%, calculus – 46.0%, gingival bleeding – 31.6%). There was a potential to reduce the presence of active dental caries by referring them to a dental clinic under the HNWP (OR = 0.443, P = 0.001). Conclusion and recommendations: Referral to a dental clinic at HNWP should be improved to improve the oral health status of this target group since the HNWP is effective in reduction of dental caries.

Biomedical engineering breakthroughs and increased patient expectations and requests for more comprehensive care are propelling the field of regenerative dentistry forward at a fast pace. Stem cells (SCs), bioactive compounds, and scaffolds are the mainstays of tissue engineering, the backbone of regenerative dentistry. Repairing damaged teeth and gums is a significant scientific problem at present. Novel therapeutic approaches for tooth and periodontal healing have been inspired by tissue engineering based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, as a component of the MSC secretome, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to contribute to periodontal tissue repair and regeneration. The scaffold, made of an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM), acts as a supporting structure for new cell development and tissue formation. To effectively promote cell development, a scaffold must be non-toxic, biodegradable, biologically compatible, low in immunogenicity, and safe. Due to its promising biological characteristics for cell regeneration, dental tissue engineering has recently received much attention for its use of natural or synthetic polymer scaffolds with excellent mechanical properties, such as small pore size and a high surface-to-volume ratio, as a matrix. Moreover, as a bioactive material for carrying MSC-EVs, the combined application of scaffolds and MSC-EVs has a better regenerative effect on dental diseases. In this paper, we discuss how MSCs and MSC-derived EV treatment may be used to regenerate damaged teeth, and we highlight the role of various scaffolds in this process. The potential of utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives (MSC-EVs) inserted into the scaffold to regenerate dental diseases is illustrated in this figure. Synthetic and natural scaffolds transport these cells to facilitate their safe and targeted delivery to the intended tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental Caries is one of the major oral diseases that can be seen increasing among adults as well as in children. Many Artificial Intelligence (AI) based works have been caried out for early detection of dental caries but achieving a good accuracy is still a challenge. This work aims to develop a model that can classify the three classes of the dental caries namely enamel caries, dentin caries and pulpitis. The proposed design is a fine-tuned model based on the VGG16 model emulating deep learning-based classification of dentin caries. The dataset of Radio Visio Graphy (RVG) images which comprises of infected tooth is collected and labelled for this purpose. The proposed model is also compared with the fully train VGG16 and Bi-Long Short-Term Memory (Bi- LSTM) coupled with the transfer learning. The performance of these models is evaluated based on the Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1 Score. Based on the evaluation metrics, it has been observed that the proposed method is able to achieve highest accuracy as compared to the fully train VGG16 and Bi-LSTM coupled with the transfer learning. The proposed model shows an overall accuracy of 97.87% with minimal loss. It's performance has also been compared with state of the art models with similar settings to verify its performance upper hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Poor oral health and dental infections can jeopardize medical treatment and be life-threatening. Due to this, patients with head and neck malignancies, generalized tumor spread, organ transplant, or severe infection are referred for a clinical oral and radiographic examination. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic agreement of three radiographic modalities: intraoral radiographs (IO), panoramic radiographs (PX), and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis of dental diseases. Materials and methods: Three hundred patients were examined with IO, PX, and CBCT. Periapical lesions, marginal bone level, and caries lesions were diagnosed separately by four oral radiologists. All observers also assessed six teeth in 30 randomly selected patients at two different occasions. Kappa values and percent agreement were calculated. Results: The highest Kappa value and percent agreement were for diagnosing periapical lesions (0.76, 97.7%), and for the assessment of marginal bone level, it varied between 0.58 and 0.60 (87.8–89.3%). In CBCT, only 44.4% of all teeth were assessable for caries (Kappa 0.68, 93.4%). The intra-observer agreement, for all modalities and diagnoses, showed Kappa values between 0.5 and 0.93 and inter-observer agreement varied from 0.51 to 0.87. Conclusions: CBCT was an alternative to IO in diagnosing periapical lesions. Both modalities found the same healthy teeth in 93.8%. All modalities were performed equally regarding marginal bone level. In caries diagnosis, artifacts were the major cause of fallout for CBCT. Clinical relevance: Intraoral radiography is the first-hand choice for diagnosing dental disease. For some rare cases where intraoral imaging is not possible, a dedicated panoramic image and/or CBCT examination is an alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Saliva, an oral secretion is considered an essential biological modulator involved in maintaining oral homeostasis. Increased glucose levels in diabetic patients' saliva may have an impact on diversity of microbes. Comparing the salivary microflora of diabetic and non-diabetic cohorts will help in diagnosis and risk assessment of oral health complications. This will provide greater knowledge about the contribution of oral microbes to the development of oral illnesses. The association between salivary microbiota and diabetic state is less explored in the North Indian population, hence current observational study was performed to analyze the salivary microflora of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals using metagenomic analysis. Materials and methods: This single-center non-randomized observational trial was conducted in Uttar Pradesh, India. Participants were enrolled into either diabetic (n = 68) or non-diabetic groups (n = 68) based on their diabetes status. Following saliva collection, DNA was extracted and metagenomic sequencing was performed. Results: Phylum Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria were significantly abundant in diabetic individuals (p

Background: Community health depends on the leadership duties of a diverse population, such as village volunteers. Hence, a study was conducted to assess oral health status, treatment needs, and patterns of utilization of dental services among village volunteers in Andhra Pradesh state. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 village volunteers in Andhra Pradesh state, India. A multi-stage cluster sampling procedure was employed in sample selection. A questionnaire was used to review the pattern of utilization of dental services. World Health Organization Oral Health assessment form 1997 was used to evaluate oral health status and treatment needs. Data collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Descriptive statistics were done. Results: Out of 400, 18% had never visited the dental clinic in their lifetime. The majority (33.5%) considered that dental problems were not a serious concern. Dental caries was seen in 69.5%, and 78.5% were presented with periodontal conditions. About 19.8% and 24.3% had crowding and spacing in incisal segments, respectively. The prevalence of oral mucosal disorders and dental fluorosis was 4.25% and 8.75%, respectively. Overall, 94% of the study participants needed dental treatment for various reasons. Conclusion: This study provides sufficient evidence to conclude that this population's oral health was poor, with increasing unmet dental treatment needs. Selected interventions and strategies should focus on these factors to decrease the burden of oral diseases among village volunteers.

Abstract Background Concentrated growth factor (CGF), a new autologous platelet concentrate, has been widely investigated to the adjunctive treatment of oral diseases. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CGF in the surgical treatment of oral diseases. Methods MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases were searched up to July 2023. Only randomized clinical trials were included. The methodologic quality was evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. RevMan 5.4 software was used for data analysis. Results In the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects, bone graft combined with CGF was significantly superior to bone graft (P

Saliva, an oral secretion is considered an essential biological modulator involved in maintaining oral homeostasis. Increased glucose levels in diabetic patients' saliva may have an impact on diversity of microbes. Comparing the salivary microflora of diabetic and non-diabetic cohorts will help in diagnosis and risk assessment of oral health complications. This will provide greater knowledge about the contribution of oral microbes to the development of oral illnesses. The association between salivary microbiota and diabetic state is less explored in the North Indian population, hence current observational study was performed to analyze the salivary microflora of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals using metagenomic analysis. This single-center non-randomized observational trial was conducted in Uttar Pradesh, India. Participants were enrolled into either diabetic (n = 68) or non-diabetic groups (n = 68) based on their diabetes status. Following saliva collection, DNA was extracted and metagenomic sequencing was performed. Phylum Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria were significantly abundant in diabetic individuals (p < 0.0001), while Proteobacteria was significantly higher among non-diabetic individuals (p < 0.0001). No statistical difference in phylum Actinobacteria and Firmicutes among diabetics and non-diabetics. Veillonella, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Leptotrichia, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus were greater in diabetics whereas the abundance of Capnocytophaga and Neisseria was more among non-diabetics (p < 0.05). The genera Veillonella, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Leptotrichia, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus were comparatively over the odds with the diabetics in India. The association between microbiota in diabetic population and risk related to increase in occurrence of caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis in diabetic population prevalence should be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of customary methods for oral cleanliness maintenance has a long-written history. Herbs are making a comeback all over the world. Herbal extracts have been used in dentistry to alleviate pain as antimicrobial plaque specialists, to delay receptor arrival, and as germicides, cancer prevention agents, antimicrobials, antifungals, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesics. Current article gives an outline of different natural products used in oral care with their impacts on oral health, restorative actions, applications, and marketed products. This article also highlights mechanistic need of oral cleanliness and the different dental diseases associated with it. The regular phytochemicals could offer a successful anti-microbial and address ways to deal with avoidance and restorative systems for different dental infections. There are different herbal formulations available on the market for oral care such as paste, mouthwash, gargles, gels, etc. creating need for awareness of consumers towards the herbal products. In these review, we have also discussed the commercial aspect of the herbal dental products along with assessment of side effects and toxicity of these herbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental caries is the most common oral disease and the most common cause of resin restorations. In minimally invasive dentistry, the principle behind cavity preparation is to remove external caries-infected dentin (CID) and preserve internal caries-affected dentin (CAD) and sound dentin (SD). The cavity floor is mainly composed of CAD, but the poor bonding performance of CAD has become a widespread concern. This study evaluated the performance of a new collagen-reactive monomer (ITCM) used as a primer to improve the bonding performance of CAD. The experimental specimens were grouped as follows: SD, CAD, and ITCM-pretreated CAD (CAD-ITCM). Dentin slices were obtained for attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis. The bonded samples were subjected to microtensile bond strength analysis after 24 h of water storage or aging by thermocycling, and the bonding interface quality was evaluated by nanoleakage assessment, interfacial nanoindentation testing, and in situ zymography. Cytotoxicity experiments with ITCM were performed. ATR-FTIR showed that the isocyanate groups in ITCM can covalently bind and form hydrogen bonds with the collagen in CAD to mediate chemical bonding. ITCM pretreatment significantly improved the bond strength of CAD (P < 0.05), reduced interfacial nanoleakage, improved the sealing of the bonding interface, enhanced the homogeneity of the hybrid layer, and inhibited matrix metalloproteinase activity. In addition, ITCM presented acceptable biocompatibility for dental restorative application. Taken together, this study reported the application of ITCM to induce collagen-based chemical bonding in the CAD bonding system, which fills the gap in strategies to improve the bonding performance of CAD immediately and after aging and has important clinical application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Community health depends on the leadership duties of a diverse population, such as village volunteers. Hence, a study was conducted to assess oral health status, treatment needs, and patterns of utilization of dental services among village volunteers in Andhra Pradesh state. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 village volunteers in Andhra Pradesh state, India. A multi-stage cluster sampling procedure was employed in sample selection. A questionnaire was used to review the pattern of utilization of dental services. World Health Organization Oral Health assessment form 1997 was used to evaluate oral health status and treatment needs. Data collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Descriptive statistics were done. Results: Out of 400, 18% had never visited the dental clinic in their lifetime. The majority (33.5%) considered that dental problems were not a serious concern. Dental caries was seen in 69.5%, and 78.5% were presented with periodontal conditions. About 19.8% and 24.3% had crowding and spacing in incisal segments, respectively. The prevalence of oral mucosal disorders and dental fluorosis was 4.25% and 8.75%, respectively. Overall, 94% of the study participants needed dental treatment for various reasons. Conclusion: This study provides sufficient evidence to conclude that this population's oral health was poor, with increasing unmet dental treatment needs. Selected interventions and strategies should focus on these factors to decrease the burden of oral diseases among village volunteers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unique dental conditions in children include odontogenic cysts and tumors, hereditary dental diseases, developmental anomalies, and lesions associated with the eruption of the primary or permanent teeth. Many of these conditions have long lasting effects on the adult dentition in terms of affecting esthetics, function, and overall quality of life. Inherited dental syndromes affect the dental hard tissues specifically the enamel, dentin, and/or cementum in a generalized manner, involving both primary and permanent teeth. These conditions manifest in altered quality or quantity of the hard tissues, leading to fragility, tooth loss and dental diseases such as caries, periapical pathology, and periodontal disease. This category includes amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta, dentin dysplasia, hypophosphatasia, and hypophosphatemia. Developmental defects such as regional odontodysplasia are defined by involvement of the primary and permanent dentition in a localized manner, identified in early childhood. This review will elaborate on the histologic findings in these selected dental conditions with a discussion on clinical and radiographic findings, as well as molecular features wherever appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Dental and periodontal affections consist of health concerns of great importance in sheep flocks, as they affect the health and welfare of animals and represent one of the main causes of premature slaughter. Studies on the occurrence of these conditions in sheep are scarce in Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal diseases and tooth wear in sheep flocks in the State of Goiás. For this, a clinical oral examination was conducted on 325 sheep from seven farms in six municipalities of the State. Periodontal lesions, characterized by gingival recession in at least one incisor tooth, were observed in 48.3% (157/325) of the sheep, while in cheek teeth it occurred in 13.2% (43/325) of the evaluated sheep. Dental wear on cheek teeth was identified in 69.2% (255/325) of the sheep, and 10.7% (35/325) of the ovines showed dental wear on incisor teeth. Sheep older than 36 months had an increase in the frequency of tooth wear. A total of 171 (52.62%) out of the 325 examined sheep had signs of bleeding on probing, which is compatible with gingivitis, and 69 (40.36%) were older than 36 months. Thirty-eight (11.69%) out of the 325 evaluated ovines had gingivitis in all teeth, among which 21 (55.26%) were older than 36 months. Logistic regression analysis allowed the observation that age was associated with the occurrence of gingivitis. Less frequent changes such as periodontal pockets and loss of at least one tooth were also observed in 4.9% (16/325) and 17.8% (58/325) of the sheep, respectively. It indicates that the presence of periodontal diseases and tooth wear is a common occurrence in the evaluated flocks. Therefore, there is a need to include the oral health of sheep in the routine of the farm as an essential preventive measure to improve the quality of life, animal welfare, and zootechnical indices.

Background: Concentrated growth factor (CGF), a new autologous platelet concentrate, has been widely investigated to the adjunctive treatment of oral diseases. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CGF in the surgical treatment of oral diseases. Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases were searched up to July 2023. Only randomized clinical trials were included. The methodologic quality was evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. RevMan 5.4 software was used for data analysis. Results: In the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects, bone graft combined with CGF was significantly superior to bone graft (P < 0.01), with mean intrabony defect depth reduction of 1.41 mm and mean clinical attachment level gain of 0.55 mm. In the regenerative surgery of furcation defects, the effect of CGF group was significantly better than control group (P < 0.0001), with mean probing depth reduction of 0.99 mm, vertical bone gain of 0.25 mm, and horizontal bone gain of 0.34 mm. CGF combined with coronally advanced flap (CAF) was more effective than CAF alone (mean keratinized tissue width increase of 0.41 mm, mean gingival thickness increase of 0.26 mm, P < 0.00001), but less effective than connective tissue graft (CTG) combined with CAF (mean root coverage difference of -15.1%, mean gingival thickness difference of -0.5 mm, P < 0.0001). In the alveolar ridge preservation, additional use of CGF reduced horizontal bone resorption by 1.41 mm and buccal vertical bone resorption by 1.01 mm compared to control group (P < 0.0001). The VAS score of CGF group was significantly lower than that of the control group at the 1st and 7th day after oral surgery (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: CGF can exert a positive adjunctive effect for the regenerative surgery of periodontal intrabony defects, furcation defects, and alveolar ridge preservation procedure. CGF combined with CAF has a better therapeutic effect on gingival recession compared to CAF alone, although it is not as effective as CTG combined with CAF. CGF could promote postoperative healing and pain relief in oral surgery within a week. There is currently not enough evidence to support the clinical benefits of CGF in other oral surgeries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: pregnant women in underprivileged areas may face challenges that affect their oral health. The analysis of these issues such as toothaches or cavities, among others could be crucial for them. However, no studies have been conducted in Cuenca, Ecuador. Thus, this study aimed to create a model explaining how social factors and healthy habits impact oral health in Cuenca, Ecuador. (2) Methods: An observational study was performed using a questionnaire developed from scratch. Principal component factor analysis was performed to calculate the oral disease index based on the oral health issues reported by women during pregnancy. (3) Results: 1971 women participated in the research. In total, 88% reported at least one oral health problem, with cavities (34%) and bleeding gums (33%) as the most prevalent. The rate of preventive visits and frequent brushing were the two variables that most impacted the oral disease index. The consumption of sweets, age, and the belief that visiting the dentist harms their unborn child were also important factors. However, income, education, and ethnic background showed little to no effect. (4) Conclusions: The most beneficial determinants of oral health factors in pregnant women in Cuenca, Ecuador, are preventive dentist visits, frequent brushing, and a contained consumption of sweets. The main harmful factors are age and the misconception that dental visits can harm their unborn child. Surprisingly, income, education, and ethnic background have little effect. This study can be replicated in other countries and cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dental diseases are a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization reports a prevalence of over 60%–90% of dental caries and gingiva diseases among school children worldwide. Fluoridated dentifrices were considered to be the gold standard for the prevention of dental diseases. However, the side effects encountered with these dentifrices have led to the search for novel and safe alternatives. Aim: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, and Conventional dentifrice on the gingiva. Setting and Design: Double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among healthy adults. Subjects were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 54). Group I-Herbal dentifrice, Group II-Homeopathic dentifrice and Group III-Fluoride dentifrice. Plaque and gingival indices were recorded at baseline, 14th day, and 28th day of follow-up. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired t-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The mean plaque and gingiva index scores were significantly reduced by all treatment groups at the 28th day follow-up. The mean gingival index scores were reduced among all three groups. However, Group I showed the highest reduction (Group I [0.46 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.50 ± 0.10] and Group III [0.50 ± 0.14]) at the 14th day and (Group I [0.45 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.49 ± 0.06] and Group III [0.44 ± 0.9]) at the 28th day, respectively. The reduction was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: All three groups exhibited antiplaque activity by bringing about a significant reduction in mean plaque and gingival index at 14th day and 28th day. Among all the dentifrices, Group I (Herbal dentifrice) showed better results compared to other groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dental diseases are a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization reports a prevalence of over 60%–90% of dental caries and gingiva diseases among school children worldwide. Fluoridated dentifrices were considered to be the gold standard for the prevention of dental diseases. However, the side effects encountered with these dentifrices have led to the search for novel and safe alternatives. Aim: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, and Conventional dentifrice on the gingiva. Setting and Design: Double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among healthy adults. Subjects were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 54). Group I-Herbal dentifrice, Group II-Homeopathic dentifrice and Group III-Fluoride dentifrice. Plaque and gingival indices were recorded at baseline, 14th day, and 28th day of follow-up. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired t-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The mean plaque and gingiva index scores were significantly reduced by all treatment groups at the 28th day follow-up. The mean gingival index scores were reduced among all three groups. However, Group I showed the highest reduction (Group I [0.46 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.50 ± 0.10] and Group III [0.50 ± 0.14]) at the 14th day and (Group I [0.45 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.49 ± 0.06] and Group III [0.44 ± 0.9]) at the 28th day, respectively. The reduction was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: All three groups exhibited antiplaque activity by bringing about a significant reduction in mean plaque and gingival index at 14th day and 28th day. Among all the dentifrices, Group I (Herbal dentifrice) showed better results compared to other groups.

Aim: To describe the particular craniofacial characteristics of Van der Woude syndrome(VWS) patients compared to patients with a non‐syndromic cleft (CG1) and to a malocclusive healthy population (CG2). Material and methods: Retrospective case‐control study. A sample of 110 matched‐patients was recruited (VWS (n = 7), CG1 (n = 49), CG2 (n = 49)). Subsequently, 37 radiometric variables were analysed and the dental‐skeletal ages were determined. The intra/inter‐observer method errors were quantified. Descriptive statistics were computed, and different inferential analysis tests were used depending on the normality of the data (Chi‐square test, Fisher's exact test, paired Student's T‐test, Mann–Whitney U test) (p‐value < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons were corrected by Bonferroni's criteria. Results: VW‐patients presented specific craniofacial characteristics and morphology. A marked tendency to the vertical growth pattern was found in VW‐patients compared to CG1‐CG2 (p < 0.001); at the sagittal level, skeletal class II caused by mandibular retrognathism, with a greatly increased ANB angle compared to CG1 (p = 0.042). Dental analysis showed that the lower incisor was more retruded and retroclined (p < 0.05 in all cases) and the interincisal angulation was increased (p < 0.001 (CG2)). At the profile level, an open nasolabial angle (p = 0.040; CG1) and a more protruding lower lip with respect to the Sn‐Pg plane (p = 0.040 (CG1); p = 0.044 (CG2)) were observed. Conclusions: VW‐patients present particular characteristics in the facial skeletal structures. There is a critical necessity to increase the evidence regarding specific clinical features and orofacial pathology of rare diseases such as VWS, which will help to these minorities to gain access in the future to a better quality of care with precise treatment and diagnostic necessities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When meat and dairy products are no longer consumed, the practice of veganism, which forgoes the use of animal products, substantially impacts diet. The prevention and treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, neurodegeneration, hypertension, and vascular diseases are usually aided by vegan diets. Vegan diets are associated with improved cardiovascular health and better nutrition quality than omnivorous diets. Vegans and vegetarians have a lower risk of periodontal disease but may be more prone to tooth erosion and dental caries due to deficiencies in vitamin B12 and lower saliva pH. A vegetarian or vegan diet may increase the risk of developing tooth erosion, but an omnivorous diet may increase the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries. Further clinical research must be performed to produce more statistically significant results and to support future studies that contrast omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their effects on dental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, dental, heart and lung diseases in patients with Covid-11 and hospitalized in ICU have been investigated based on radiology stereotypes. During the past months, it has been determined that the risk of this disease is greater for some people who have heart and lung diseases or suffer from complications such as high blood pressure and diabetes, and it is necessary for this group of people to be more careful. lack of contact with sick people, so that many of these people, who were under regular medical care before the corona disease, refuse to see a doctor due to the fear of being in environments infected with the corona virus, such as offices and clinics and naturally, the amount of previous care and sensitivities has been reduced, an issue that can be seen even in people without primary disease and with the onset of the first disease. During the past months, it has been abundantly observed that people with symptoms of heart attacks and heart failure have refused to go to the medical center and emergency system due to the fear of medical centers, and unfortunately, this issue causes delays in treatment and sometimes even irreversible complications. It has been compensated. People who have a history of heart disease and regularly use drugs should communicate with their doctor about the effectiveness of the drugs, their side effects and the need to change the drugs on a regular basis. Not going to the doctor does not mean disconnection from the treatment system and this can lead to many complications. People with heart disease or high blood pressure happen to be more at risk of complications from corona disease than other people, and if they are infected, their symptoms are more severe and the possibility of complications of the disease is more in them than others. Therefore, it is necessary for these people to use medical advice as soon as symptoms related to the disease appear. Denial of the disease and fear of going to the medical center can delay the diagnosis and the subsequent complications of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, it was aimed to evaluate the negative effects of the pandemic process in the field of oral health by revealing the characteristics of applications made to a hospital related to oral health before and during the pandemic. Patient records who applied to Cyprus Science University Dentistry Hospital between October 2019 and March 2021 were included in the study. Gender, age, applied unit, applying frequency and procedure records were evaluated. Ethical approval was taken from Cyprus Science University. Patient records were divided into two groups as before pandemic (n = 338) and during pandemic (n = 1517). Results of the study showed that gender, age and applied unit distributions were not significantly different between before and during pandemic (p > 0.05). Female and prosthesis applied patients were more common before and after COVID-19 pandemic. Detertrage, tooth extraction, night plaque, temporary cron, metal supported porcelain crown on implant, compomer filler and orthodontic diagnosis rates were decreased during pandemic, compared to before pandemic. Panaromic X-ray was the most common process before and during the pandemic. The differences between before and during pandemic were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results of the research show that the pandemic process in terms of oral health caused significant differences in the reasons for application, even in the population aged 34–36, the majority of whom are women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive use of antibiotics has resulted in the development of drug-resistant bacteria, leading to a decline in the efficacy of traditional antibiotic treatments. Essential oils (EOs) are phytopharmaceuticals, or plant-derived compounds, that possess beneficial properties such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiviral, bacteriostatic, and bactericidal effects. In this review, we present scientific findings on the activity of EOs as an alternative therapy for common oral diseases. This narrative review provides a deeper understanding of the medicinal properties of EOs and their application in dentistry. It not only evaluates the effectiveness of these oils as antibacterial agents against common oral bacteria but also covers general information such as composition, methods of extraction, and potential toxicity. Further nonclinical and clinical studies must be conducted to determine their potential use and safety for treating oral diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. At present, the formation of military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during mobilization takes place with underlying high dental morbidity of the population of the country. Objective. The aim of this research was to study dental health of the personnel of military units and the problem of providing dental care to military personnel according to the analysis of modern scientific literature. Methods. The following research methods were used to analyse dental care for military personnel, namely: bibliographic, analytical, systems approach. Results. Hygiene of the oral cavity is mandatory in military units and should be routinely carried out. It was found that the main reason for seeking dental care among military personnel was treatment of major dental diseases. A low number of military personnel seeking for dental preventive examination was noted that proved a low level of primary prevention among this category of people. Conclusions. Therefore, the obtained data on the state of dental health of military personnel require a purposeful approach to organization of prophylaxis and prevention of complications through professional hygiene and early prosthetics.

The poor physical health (including oral health) of people with mental disorders is a global problem. The burden of oral diseases among this group is substantial given their high prevalence and ability to increase the personal, social, and economic impacts of mental disorders. This article summarizes causes of mental disorders and oral diseases, critically reviews current evidence on interventions to reduce the burden of oral diseases in people with mental disorders, and suggests future research directions. The relationship between mental disorders and oral diseases is complex due to the shared social determinants and bidirectional interaction mechanisms that involve interconnected social, psychological, behavioral, and biological processes. Research has, to date, failed to produce effective and scalable interventions to tackle the burden of oral diseases among people with mental disorders. Transformative research and actions informed by a dynamic involvement of biological, behavioral, and social sciences are needed to understand and tackle the complex relationship between mental disorders and oral diseases, as well as inform the design of complex interventions. Examples of future research on complex public health, health service, and social care interventions are provided. The design and testing of these interventions should be carried out in real-world settings, underpinned by the principles of coproduction and systems thinking, and conducted by a transdisciplinary team. We propose this starts with setting research priorities and developing complex intervention theory, which we report to support future research to improve oral health and hence physical and mental health in this disadvantaged group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have documented that dental diseases were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Aortic arch calcification (AoAC) is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether the status of dental health is associated with AoAC is still unknown. 9463 participants over the age of 60 from Shenzhen community centers were included in the cross-sectional analysis. Physical examination data, blood biochemical tests, and AoAC scores calculated by chest radiography were collected and analyzed. Among them, 2630 participants were followed up for AoAC progression up to 36 months. Participants with AoAC suffered more tooth loss than those without AoAC (77.62% vs. 72.91%; p < 0.001). Association rule analysis suggested a strong association between dental diseases and AoAC. Tooth loss or decay increased the risk of AoAC progression (HR 1.459; 95%CI 1.284–1.658) after adjusting other risk factors including renal dysfunction. Dental diseases are potential predictors for AoAC in elderly people, which are independent of renal dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adhesion of composite resin to caries-affected dentin differs from the adhesion of resin to sound dentin. We evaluated the bond strengths of dual-cure resin composites applied to caries-affected root canal dentin under various clinical conditions and using several caries removal indicators. In the dye stain 1 group, caries were removed to a pale pink stain level using a caries detector. In the dye stain 2 group, caries were removed to a stain-free level using a caries detector. In the probing group, caries were removed to the level of hardness based on probing with a sharp explorer. Additionally, a sound dentin group was used as a control. We compared the resin composite microtensile bond strengths and failure mode distribution among the groups. The bond strengths (MPa) of the probing (64.6 ± 11.9) and the sound dentin (68.7 ± 11.1) groups were significantly higher than those of the dye stain 1 (46.9 ± 7.9) and 2 (47.5 ± 8.4) groups (p < 0.05). The removal of caries-affected dentin using a dentin-hardness-based technique showed higher tensile strength than that using a dye stain technique involving removal to any color level. Thus, the caries removal technique used on root canal dentin affects the bond strength of the resin composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Anxiety and depression are widespread mental health problems in many populations. These problems can be major barriers to dental care and may be led to poor oral health. Objectives To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease in Addis Ababa public hospitals outpatient department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May 06 to June 06, 2019 among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa city administration public hospitals. Multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used to assess anxiety and depression. Face to face interview was used to collect data and the collected data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences) version 20. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was carried out. Strength of association was determined using odds ratio with 95% CI (Confidence Interval) and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association in the final model. Results From the total of 845 participants, 833 were studied with response rate of 98.6%. The median age of the respondent was 32 years with interquartile range (26–41 years). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were found to be 33.9% and 29.2% respectively. Being female [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) 2.70 (95% CI 1.86, 3.89)], tooth extraction [AOR 3.24 (95% CI 2.11, 4.97)], history of repeat visit to dental clinic [AOR 3.21 (95% CI 2.25, 4.58)], chronic disease [AOR 2.95 (95% CI 1.98, 4.38)] and current alcohol use [AOR 3.40 (95% CI 2.28, 5.09)] were significantly associated with anxiety among patients with dental disease. Being female [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23)], Elementary educational status [AOR 2.15 (95% CI 1.28, 3.58)], periodontitis [AOR 1.74 (95% CI 1.18, 2.72)],history of repeated visit to dental clinic [AOR 4.07 (95% CI 2.84, 5.84)], current use of alcohol [AOR 4.01 (95% CI 2.68, 6.00)], current cigarette use [AOR 3.15 (95% CI 1.42, 7.00] and irregular tooth brushing [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23]were significantly associated with depression among patients with dental disease. Conclusion Anxiety and depression were high among people with dental disease. Tooth extraction and having chronic disease were significantly associated with anxiety. Elementary educational status, periodontitis, current cigarette smoking and irregular tooth brushing pattern were significant association with depression. History of repeat visit to dental clinic, current alcohol use and female sex were significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. Based on the finding of this study early screening and treating of anxiety and depression, also identifying those associated factors are important at dental clinic.

The article discusses research on the diagnostic value of plasma fibrinogen (FIB) in distinguishing osteomyelitis of the jaws (OJ) from oral soft tissue infection (OSTI) after oral cancer surgery. The study analyzed the demographic characteristics of patients, their laboratory testing results and comorbidities. Research findings reveal the influence of age, gender and history of radiotherapy on white blood cell (WBC) and percent of neutrophil (NEUT%) levels.

We studied the toxic effects of cerium and fluoride species on human dental pulp stem cells and epithelial cells of Cercopithecus aethiops as a surrogate for the human oral mucosa. The sequential use of CeCl3 and NH4F solutions in equimolar sub-toxic concentrations enabled the possible toxic effects of individual components to be avoided, ensuring the preservation of the metabolic activity of the cells due to the formation of CeF3 nanoparticles. Cerium fluoride nanoparticles and terbium-doped cerium fluoride nanoparticles exhibited neither cytotoxicity nor genotoxicity to dental pulp stem cells, even at high concentrations (10−4 M). In millimolar concentrations (from 10−5–10−6 M), these nanoparticles significantly increased the expression of genes responsible for the cell cycle, differentiation and proliferation. The formation of cerium fluoride on the surface of the mucous membrane and teeth provided protection against the development of carious lesions, periodontitis, ROS attacks and other inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. Luminescent CeF3: Tb nanoparticles enabled the visualization of tooth enamel microcracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]