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Background: Ingested dental prosthesis are susceptible to impaction in the gastrointestinal tract due to their sharp edges, size and contour. Delays in presentation arise from the lack of clear history of ingestion and misdiagnosis occurs due to the radiolucency of denture material on plain radiography. An acquired, non-malignant tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) may develop from a chronically impacted denture. Surgical management of a TOF secondary to denture is a challenging clinical problem that is rarely reported in the literature and no previous case reports have described the two-staged reconstruction approach that we present here. Case presentation: We report a case of a male in his early 60s who presented to an acute general hospital with symptoms ongoing for over one year of dysphagia, recurrent chest infections and weight loss. Barium swallow and computed tomography identified an ingested dental prosthesis (denture) that had caused a TOF. He was transferred to our specialist thoracic surgery unit where an attempt to remove the foreign body endoscopically was abandoned due to firm impaction and risk of further injury. The subsequent multi-disciplinary management of this complex case required a two-staged reconstruction approach. The first procedure involved extracting the foreign body, repairing the underlying defects with tracheal resection and anastomosis, and creating an oesophageal diversion with cervical oesophagostomy. The second procedure achieved continuity of the gastrointestinal tract with gastric pull-up and pharyngo-gastric anastomosis. Following rehabilitation, the patient was discharged on oral intake alongside percutaneous jejunostomy feeding. Conclusions: Early recognition and removal of impacted dental prosthesis is essential to prevent morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis can lead to acquired TOF with associated consequences such as recurrent pulmonary infection, mediastinitis and nutritional deficit. Challenges we encountered, such as failed attempts at endoscopic retrieval and the difficult dissection of fibrotic tissue, were directly due to the delayed identification of the denture. We highlight the importance of holding a high index of clinical suspicion of foreign body ingestion in dental prosthesis wearers who present with recurrent chest infections and ongoing dysphagia. We also promote the need for a collaborative multi-disciplinary approach in the surgical management of complex cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Differences in the effects of cream‐type denture adhesives and home liners remain unclear. Objective: This cross‐sectional study aimed to clarify the differences in the oral‐hygiene status and masticatory performance between participants using cream‐type denture adhesives and those using home liners. Methods: Masticatory performance with and without cream‐type denture adhesives and home liners was evaluated using colour‐changeable chewing gum. Oral hygiene was assessed using the tongue coating index (TCI). Propensity‐score matching was performed using oral moisture, presence of palatal or mandibular protuberances, type of residual ridge, denture type (complete or partial denture), and denture retention as background factors. Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to examine the differences in masticatory performance with and without cream‐type denture adhesives and home liners and differences in masticatory performance and TCI between the cream‐type denture adhesive and home‐liner groups. Results: This study included 38 and 40 cream‐type adhesive and home‐liner users, respectively, and 17 pairs were obtained after propensity‐score matching. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests showed that masticatory performance was significantly different with and without the use of home liners, and higher values were obtained with the use of home‐liners. However, the cream‐type denture adhesive and home‐liner groups showed no significant differences in terms of the change in masticatory performance with the use of them. Furthermore, Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests showed that TCI values were significantly high in the cream‐type adhesive group. Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest that home liners improve masticatory performance and that participants regularly using cream‐type denture adhesives have poorer oral hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objectives Methods Results Conclusion To analyse different background factors that may serve as predictors for acquiring symptoms of severe COVID‐19 disease.A postal questionnaire was sent to the total population of individuals born between 1942 (80 years, n = 6299) and 1932 (90 years, n = 1904) living in the Örebro and Östergötland counties, Sweden, in 2017 and repeated in 2022. Tentative predictive factors for self‐reported severe COVID‐19 disease were based on the responses from the 2017 questionnaire related to general and oral health and prior to the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic.Response rate to the main questionnaire in 2022 was 66% (5375/8203), and 577 reported having been sick with COVID‐19 out of which 359 agreed to answer a separate questionnaire on COVID‐19. This questionnaire was returned by 278/359 of the participants corresponding to a response rate of 77%. Information gleaned from the 2017 pre‐COVID‐19 survey revealed a relatively large number of associations between severity of subsequently self‐reported COVID‐19 disease and several diverse tentative related factors found in unadjusted regression analyses. Based on statistically significant correlations in the adjusted regression analysis, significant predictive factors (based on self‐reports from 2017) for contracting severe COVID‐19 were in decreasing order of odds ratios (OR): reported removable partial or complete denture usage (OR 6.2, CI 2.2–17.2); reported periodontal problems in the past year (OR 3.4, CI 1.1–10.4); and reported daytime dry mouth (OR 2.5, CI 1.2–5.2).Removable dentures, periodontal problems and daytime dry mouth were predictors for developing symptoms of severe COVID‐19 disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to present a method that optimizes clinical and laboratory workflow in the fabrication of implant‐supported removable dentures by combining conventional and digital protocols. A 73‐year‐old patient came to our clinic for treatment of a completely edentulous lower jaw. Two Neodent Helix GM implants were placed in the canine regions and a removable denture with Locator GM Novaloc retention elements was fabricated. The DENTCA system was used for impressions, border molding, and to determine both occlusovertical dimension (OVD) and reproducible, physiological position of lower jaw (RPPLJ) in a single clinical visit. In result, we have fabricated a removable denture with implant retention in just two appointments. We can conclude that DENTCA system is a reliable method that allows fabrication of implant‐retained removable denture in two clinical visits. The registration of the prosthetic field boundaries, OVD and RPPLJ, combined with CAD technologies, represents a contemporary and accurate method. It takes less time, and expenses are reduced both for the dentist and the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review aimed to investigate the literature systematically and answer the question "Does the processing method of organic and inorganic agents incorporated into PMMA influence antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity?". This systematic review was registered in the OpenScience Framework (osf.io/7nc28) and PRISMA guidelines were followed. The study design (PICOS) framework applied was P = polymethylmethacrylate; I = incorporation of organic and inorganic antimicrobials; C = control group; O = antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity; and S = experimental in vitro studies. A custom search strategy was performed in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. Studies were selected according to eligibility criteria in two steps. The risk of bias was evaluated by Joanna Briggs Institute's quasi-experimental studies tool. A qualitative analysis of the data was performed addressing: incorporation and polymerization methods, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity of organic and inorganic agents added into PMMA. From a total of 1959 results, 34 studies were included in this review. The 3 organic agents evaluated showed antimicrobial efficacy and 1 was cytotoxic. Of the 31 inorganics, 4 showed no antimicrobial activity, and 8 reduced cell viability. Processing methods influenced the results. The incorporation of organic and inorganic antimicrobial agents into PMMA, depending on the processing method, changes the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of the modified material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Craniomandibular Function is the property of Quintessence Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the body's natural antioxidant defenses and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), can result in serious oral diseases, including oral cancer, periodontal diseases, and oral lichen planus, through the activation of the redox‐sensitive transcription factors and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential effects of a removable complete denture on the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as lipid peroxidation (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and catalase, and the quantitative expression of the redox‐sensitive transcription factor NF‐κB p65 subunit. Materials and Methods: This interventional follow‐up study enrolled 40 participants of both sexes aged 28–78 years, with a median age of 56 years, where unstimulated saliva was collected before denture placement, immediately after the denture placement, and 24 h, 7 days, and 30 days after the denture placement. The most prominent ROS overproduction was reported on the seventh day (p < 0.05), followed by a significant fall in antioxidative defense. Results: The NF‐κB p65 subunit, whose expression pattern was highest in the same time period on the seventh day, serves as a signaling molecule for redox imbalance due to ROS production. Over the next 30 days, its levels remained moderately increased compared to the basal value, which may influence pro‐inflammatory pathways and the integrity of oral tissue components. These alterations may be induced by the dentures, which can produce high pressures on the supporting tissues or by the synthetic materials used for producing the dentures. Conclusion: Our research may help to clarify the potential pathways by which oxidative stress and redox‐sensitive inflammatory mediators, as well as mechanical and chemical irritants, may serve as risk factors for premalignant lesions in the mouth. Further research on this topic is required to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the relationship between inflammation and oral premalignant lesions caused by mechanical and chemical irritation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discoloration and flexural strength of denture bases are important factors affecting the comfort and durability of denture users. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion of nylon thermoplastic denture base in alkaline peroxide solution and 10% castor oil (Ricinus Communis Oil) on color stability and flexural strength. This study used a laboratory experimental design with samples of cylindrical (20 x 2 mm) thermoplastic nylon resin for color stability test and rectangular (65 x 10 x 3 mm) for flexural strength test. There were two study groups: one control group and two treatment groups immersed in alkaline peroxide and 10% castor oil solution, with two time variables, 8 days and 12 days. The total number of samples was 60, with each group having 10 samples. The color stability test used a colorimeter, and the flexural strength test used a universal testing machine. The results showed that there was no effect of soaking the nylon thermoplastic denture base in alkaline peroxide on color stability, with a value of p = 0.412 for 8 days and p = 0.179 for 12 days. In addition, there was no effect of immersion in alkaline peroxide and 10% castor oil on flexural strength, with p value = 0.076 for 8 days and p = 0.917 for 12 days. The implication of this study is that immersion in alkaline peroxide and castor oil solution does not affect the color stability or flexural strength of nylon thermoplastic denture bases, making them safe for long-term use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candida albicans (C. albicans) adhering to denture-based resins (DBRs) is a known cause of denture stomatitis. A new approach to prevent denture stomatitis is to include antimicrobial substances within DBRs. Here, we examined the mechanical performance and antifungal properties of DBRs containing benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (C12BDMA-Cl) as an antimicrobial compound. C12BDMA-Cl is a quaternary ammonium compound, and its antifungal properties have never been investigated when combined with dental acrylic resin. Therefore, we modified a commercially available heat-polymerized acrylic DBR to contain 3 and 5 wt.% of C12BDMA-Cl. Unmodified DBR was used as a control group. Specimens were prepared using the conventional heat processing method. The specimen's flexural strength, elastic modulus, microhardness, and surface roughness were evaluated. C. albicans biofilm was grown on the specimens and assessed via colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In silico molecular docking was applied to predict the potential C12BDMA-Cl inhibition activity as an antifungal drug. The 3% C12BDMA-Cl DBR demonstrated antifungal activities without a deterioration effect on the mechanical performance. SEM images indicated fewer colonies in DBR containing C12BDMA-Cl, which can be a potential approach to managing denture stomatitis. In conclusion, C12BDMA-Cl is a promising antifungal agent for preventing and treating denture stomatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Background: Computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction after mandibulectomy enables accurate reconstruction of the occlusal positions between the maxilla and mandible. Understanding the remaining teeth condition is essential for sensory mastication in patients with numerous tooth loss. However, no studies have examined the dental status of the remaining mandible after computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction using a fibular flap. This study evaluated the role of residual teeth and other factors in effective acquisition of oral intake after computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction using a fibular flap. Patients and Methods: Postoperative oral intake and associated factors were retrospectively examined in 57 consecutive patients. Oral intake was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the remaining teeth arrangement (Eichner's classification), mandibular dentures, extent of resection (Brown's classification), age, performance of glossectomy, history of radiation therapy, and computer-assisted methods. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that Eichner's classification had a positive (p

Background: Dentures or prostheses function to replace chewing and dental arch structures. Denture plates used in dentistry are made with acrylic resin, metal, or a combination of acrylic and metal. Metals are shiny, opaque chemical substances and good conductors of heat and can be polished. Recycling or reusing used metal is an option in making prostheses because the price of new metal is increasing, and metal recycling is quite effective. Purpose: To determine the effect of repeated metal casting on the strength of the metal frame denture base. Method: The current research is a laboratory study with a tensile test in the form of dumbbells with iso 22674 with a length of 15 ± 1 mm and a diameter of 3 ± 1 mm. This research used 18 CoCr metal samples divided into three groups, namely 100% new metal group (control), 50% new + 50% repeated composition group, and 100% repeated group. Result: The mean strain of the new 100% CoCr metals group was 0.133%, strain mean of the new 50% CoCr + 50% repeated metals group was 0.1%, and the strain of the 100% repeated CoCr metals group was 0.066%. The average modulus of elasticity (MPa) for the new 100% CoCr metals group is 7866, or 711 MPa, the new 50% CoCr + 50% repeat metals group is 7538, or 833 MPa, the 100% CoCr metals group is 6659, or 336 MPa. Conclusion: The new 100% CoCr metal group has a higher average tensile strength value than the 50% new CoCr metal + 50% repeated group, and the lowest is the 100% repeated CoCr metal group.

Abstract Background Ingested dental prosthesis are susceptible to impaction in the gastrointestinal tract due to their sharp edges, size and contour. Delays in presentation arise from the lack of clear history of ingestion and misdiagnosis occurs due to the radiolucency of denture material on plain radiography. An acquired, non-malignant tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) may develop from a chronically impacted denture. Surgical management of a TOF secondary to denture is a challenging clinical problem that is rarely reported in the literature and no previous case reports have described the two-staged reconstruction approach that we present here. Case presentation We report a case of a male in his early 60s who presented to an acute general hospital with symptoms ongoing for over one year of dysphagia, recurrent chest infections and weight loss. Barium swallow and computed tomography identified an ingested dental prosthesis (denture) that had caused a TOF. He was transferred to our specialist thoracic surgery unit where an attempt to remove the foreign body endoscopically was abandoned due to firm impaction and risk of further injury. The subsequent multi-disciplinary management of this complex case required a two-staged reconstruction approach. The first procedure involved extracting the foreign body, repairing the underlying defects with tracheal resection and anastomosis, and creating an oesophageal diversion with cervical oesophagostomy. The second procedure achieved continuity of the gastrointestinal tract with gastric pull-up and pharyngo-gastric anastomosis. Following rehabilitation, the patient was discharged on oral intake alongside percutaneous jejunostomy feeding. Conclusions Early recognition and removal of impacted dental prosthesis is essential to prevent morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis can lead to acquired TOF with associated consequences such as recurrent pulmonary infection, mediastinitis and nutritional deficit. Challenges we encountered, such as failed attempts at endoscopic retrieval and the difficult dissection of fibrotic tissue, were directly due to the delayed identification of the denture. We highlight the importance of holding a high index of clinical suspicion of foreign body ingestion in dental prosthesis wearers who present with recurrent chest infections and ongoing dysphagia. We also promote the need for a collaborative multi-disciplinary approach in the surgical management of complex cases.

According to the World Health Organization, the global prevalence of complete tooth loss is estimated to be 7% among individuals aged 20 years and older, while for those aged 60 and over, this rate significantly increases to 23%. This study is relevant due to the psychological trauma, social challenges, and functional limitations caused by tooth loss, as well as the uneven availability of dental care worldwide. The goal of this research is to develop and implement a new model to assess the socioeconomic feasibility of investing in digital technologies for diagnosing and treating patients with complete tooth loss using removable polymer prostheses produced through additive 3D printing. The study employs scenario analysis, the clustered rankings coordination method, statistical methods, expert opinion assessment using Kendall’s coefficient of rank concordance, system analysis and design, questionnaires, sociometry, and functional modeling. The practical significance of this research lies in providing a quantitative assessment of economic opportunities for effectively using RPDs in three groups: RPDs without additional fixation means; those with special adhesive agents for improved fixation; and implant-supported prosthetics with conditionally removable dentures similar to RPDs. The scientific novelty of this study is the development of a new evaluation model that justifies the choice of prosthetic treatment technology for patients with complete tooth loss, enabling the most rational use of resources. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-05-014 Full Text: PDF

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiome shift of denture biofilm formation, the incidence of Candida and changes of salivary inflammatory markers following insertion of 3-dimensional printed PMMA denture. Methods This was a pilot study of 6 patients provided with 3D printed (test group) or conventionally heat-cured (control group) removable partial acrylic dentures followed up for 6 weeks. 3 denture swabs were collected at week 1, 3 and 6; and saliva samples were collected at baseline, week 1, 3 and 6 following denture insertion. Microbial DNA was isolated, and the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced to assess the denture microbiota. The presence of Candida was determined using PCR assay. The levels of salivary biomarkers lactoferrin (LTF) and histatin (HTN) were determined using ELISA. Results Denture microbiome of both groups exhibited similar microbial compositions at weeks 1, 3 and 6. However, the percentage of Streptococcus in the test group was significantly lower at week 1 (p

Objectives: To investigate the survival rates and fracture resistance of dentures made from different teeth (milled, 3D-printed, fabricated), bases (milled, 3D-printed, pressed) and bonding combinations. Materials and methods: Specimens (11 groups, n = 8 per group) were fabricated from combinations with a denture tooth (anterior tooth 21) and a denture base material. The groups consisted of combinations of teeth (6x), denture base materials (5x) and adhesive bonding options (4x). The teeth were printed, milled or prefabricated. The denture base was produced conventionally or was milled or 3D-printed. Two dentures were milled from one industrially produced block. The dentures were subjected to thermal and mechanical loading (TCML) and subsequent fracture test. Statistics: ANOVA, Bonferroni-test, Kaplan-Meier survival, Pearson correlation; α = 0.05. Results: Mean loading cycles varied between 221,869 (8), 367,610 (11), 513,616 (6) 875,371 (3) and 9,000,030 (4). ANOVA revealed significant (p ≤ 0.001) different surviving cycles. Log Rank test showed significantly (p < 0.001) different loading cycles. Fracture force after TCML varied between 129.8 +/- 97.1 N (3) and 780.8 +/- 62.5 N (9). ANOVA comparison revealed significant (p < 0.001) different fracture loadings between the individual systems. Correlation was found between fracture force and loading cycles (0.587, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Different survival rates and fracture forces were found for dentures made of different teeth (milled, 3D-printed, prefabricated), bases (milled, 3D-printed, pressed) and bonding combinations. Milled, pressed and prefabricated systems provided longer survival and fracture force than the other tested systems. Clinical relevance: Optimal tooth-base combinations can help to produce a denture that is stable and resistant during clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of incorporating 1% and 2% cinnamon oil into a soft liner on the growth of Candida albicans colonies and the material's hardness.Methods: Thirty soft liner specimens were prepared for the disk diffusion and thirty for the hardness test. In each test, the specimens were divided into three subgroups based on the concentration of cinnamon oil: A) 0% (control), B) 1%, and C) 2% by weight. Cinnamon oil was added to the monomer of a heat-polymerized soft liner. C. albicans was cultured on Mueller-Hinton agar, and the diameters of the inhibition zones around the specimens were measured. The Shore A hardness test was conducted using the Shore durometer. Statistical analysis was performed by the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey post-hoc test (α=0.05).Results: The control group showed no inhibition zone. The specimens in Group C exhibited a significantly larger inhibition zone (16.72 ± 0.82 mm) than Group B (12.56 ± 0.82 mm; P < 0.001). The hardness values differed significantly among groups (P < 0.001). Group C demonstrated the highest hardness (48.54 ± 0.95), significantly greater than both Groups B (47.13 ± 0.72; P < 0.05) and A (45.23 ± 0.73; P < 0.05).Conclusions: Adding cinnamon oil improved the antifungal activity and hardness of the soft denture liner. Adding 2% cinnamon oil increased the hardness values to the upper limit of clinical acceptability. Therefore, the 1% concentration is recommended to balance antimicrobial efficacy and maintain optimal mechanical properties of the soft liner.

Ghada H Naguib,1,2 Gamal S Abd El-Aziz,3 Abdulghani Mira,1 Rayyan A Kayal,4 Lulwa Al-Turki,5 Hisham Mously,5 Abeer Alnowaiser,6 Jumana Mazhar,7 Mohamed T Hamed5,8 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Oral Biology, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, Egypt; 3Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; ‬6Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 7King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, EgyptCorrespondence: Ghada H Naguib, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80209, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966558190589, Email gnagieb@kau.edu.saBackground: Polymeric denture materials can be susceptible to colonization by oral microorganisms. Zein-coated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (zMgO NPs) demonstrate antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect and adherence of different oral microorganisms on hybrid polymeric denture materials incorporated with zMgO NPs.Methods: Five types of polymeric denture materials were used. A total of 480 disc-shaped specimens were divided by material type (n=96/grp), then subdivided by zMgO NPs concentration: control with no nanoparticles and other groups with zMgO NPs concentrations of 0.3%, 0.5% and 1% by weight. Characterization of the polymeric denture materials incorporating zMgO NPs was done, and the antimicrobial activity of all groups was tested against four types of microorganisms: 1) Streptococcus mutans, 2) Staphylococcus aureus, 3) Enterococcus faecalis and 4) Candida albicans. The samples underwent an adherence test and an agar diffusion test. Experiments were done in triplicates.Results: The characterization of the hybrid samples revealed variation in the molecular composition, as well as a uniform distribution of the zMgO NPs in the polymeric denture materials. All hybrid polymeric denture materials groups induced a statistically significant antimicrobial activity, while the control groups showed the least antimicrobial activity. The agar diffusion test revealed no release of the zMgO NPs from the hybrid samples, indicating the NPs did not seep out of the matrix.Conclusion: The zMgO NPs were effective in reducing the adherence of the tested microorganisms and enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the polymeric denture materials. This antimicrobial effect with the polymeric dentures could aid in resisting microbial issues such as denture stomatitis.Keywords: antimicrobial, nanoparticles, denture, magnesium oxide, biomaterial

Abstract Background Hyoid bone is attached to the mandible, tongue, larynx, temporal bone, and cervical spine via different types of muscles or ligaments. The tongue, mandible, and hyoid system play a crucial role in swallowing function. This within subject study aimed to evaluate the impact of mandibular implant overdentures on the displacement of the hyoid bones during the swallowing process. Methods Twenty five healthy edentulous subjects were selected for participating in the study. New complete dentures were constructed for all the participants. Subsequently two dental implants were inserted in the canine regions of the participant’s mandibular arch. In order to retain the mandibular prosthesis in place, ball attachments were incorporated into the mandibular dentures to convert them into implant overdentures. Using 10 ml of thin liquid bolus, videofluoroscopy swallowing examination was performed in three different oral conditions: without complete dentures (WCD), with complete denture (CDs), and with a mandibular implant overdenture (IODs). ANOVA with Bonferroni test was used to analyze the data in order to determine how the hyoid displacement varied throughout different oral conditions. Results Compared to complete dentures, mandibular implant overdentures showed a significant decrease (P 0.05) between the two oral circumstances in terms of superior hyoid displacement or duration for hyoid maximum elevation (DOHME). There is no penetration or aspiration for both complete denture and implant overdenture oral conditions. Conclusion Implant retained overdentures have a positive effect on hyoid displacement during swallowing of thin liquid bolus consistency relative to conventional complete dentures. Trial registration Retrospectively registered (NCT06187181) 02/1/2024.

Additive manufacturing resins used in dental prosthetics may retain uncured monomers post-polymerization, posing potential long-term patient exposure risks. Understanding the biological safety of these materials is crucial, particularly for 3D-printed acrylic-based prosthodontic devices such as occlusal nightguards, complete and partial dentures, and temporary fixed prostheses. This paper reviews the literature evaluating the cytotoxicity of such materials. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a scoping review using the MESH keywords related to population (P), intervention (I), comparison (C), and outcome (O) across databases, including OVID Medline, EMBASE, and SCOPUS. Our search, limited to peer-reviewed English language articles from 2015 to 2023, resulted in 22 papers. These studies, utilizing digital light processing (DLP) or stereolithography (SLA) printing methods, varied in examining different 3D-printed materials, as well as washing and post-curing protocols. The primary experimental cells used were human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mouse fibroblasts (L929). There are no statistical differences in biocompatibility regarding different commercially available resins, washing solutions, or methods. Improvements in cell viability were related to an increase in washing time, as well as post-curing time. After the polishing procedure, 3D resin-based printed occlusal devices perform similarly to milled and conventionally processed ones. Our findings underline the importance of appropriate washing and post-curing protocols in minimizing the cytotoxic risks associated with these 3D-printed resin-based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report of four clinical cases aims to illustrate the use of a lateral implant as a solution for implant overdentures in the mandible in different clinical situations. The first two cases describe the clinical situations of patients wearing two‐implant mandibular overdentures until the failure of one of the implants, one due to implant loss and the other due to a fracture of an abutment screw, and how the conditions were managed. The third case illustrates the placement of a single implant to retain an overdenture, where a midline implant, as originally planned, was not feasible due to anatomic reasons. The final case describes the use of a lateral implant to support and retain a single‐implant mandibular overdenture. The four cases demonstrate that a single lateral implant can be utilized as sole retention in cases of a failing contra‐lateral implant and as an alternative to a single implant in the midline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of incorporating 1% and 2% cinnamon oil into a soft liner on the growth of Candida albicans colonies and the material's hardness. Methods: Thirty soft liner specimens were prepared for the disk diffusion and thirty for the hardness test. In each test, the specimens were divided into three subgroups based on the concentration of cinnamon oil: A) 0% (control), B) 1%, and C) 2% by weight. Cinnamon oil was added to the monomer of a heat-polymerized soft liner. C. albicans was cultured on Mueller-Hinton agar, and the diameters of the inhibition zones around the specimens were measured. The Shore A hardness test was conducted using the Shore durometer. Statistical analysis was performed by the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey post-hoc test (a=0.05). Results: The control group showed no inhibition zone. The specimens in Group C exhibited a significantly larger inhibition zone (16.72 ± 0.82 mm) than Group B (12.56 ± 0.82 mm; P < 0.001). The hardness values differed significantly among groups (P < 0.001). Group C demonstrated the highest hardness (48.54 ± 0.95), significantly greater than both Groups B (47.13 ± 0.72; P < 0.05) and A (45.23 ± 0.73; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Adding cinnamon oil improved the antifungal activity and hardness of the soft denture liner. Adding 2% cinnamon oil increased the hardness values to the upper limit of clinical acceptability. Therefore, the 1% concentration is recommended to balance antimicrobial efficacy and maintain optimal mechanical properties of the soft liner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The control of Candida albicans biofilm formation on dentures made of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an important challenge due to the high resistance to antifungal drugs. Interestingly, the natural compounds undecylenic acid (UDA) and farnesol (FAR) both prevent C. albicans biofilm formation and could have a synergetic effect. We therefore modified PMMA with a combination of UDA and FAR (UDA+FAR), aiming to obtain the antifungal PMMA_UDA+FAR composites. Equal concentrations of FAR and UDA were added to PMMA to reach 3%, 6%, and 9% in total of both compounds in composites. The physico-chemical properties of the composites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle measurement. The antifungal activity of the composites was tested on both biofilm and planktonic cells with an XTT test 0 and 6 days after the composites' preparation. The effect of the UDA+FAR combination on C. albicans filamentation was studied in agar containing 0.0125% and 0.4% UDA+FAR after 24 h and 48 h of incubation. The results showed the presence of UDA and FAR on the composite and decreases in the water contact angle and metabolic activity of both the biofilm and planktonic cells at both time points at non-toxic UDA+FAR concentrations. Thus, the modification of PMMA with a combination of UDA+FAR reduces C. albicans biofilm formation on dentures and could be a promising anti-Candida strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hyoid bone is attached to the mandible, tongue, larynx, temporal bone, and cervical spine via different types of muscles or ligaments. The tongue, mandible, and hyoid system play a crucial role in swallowing function. This within subject study aimed to evaluate the impact of mandibular implant overdentures on the displacement of the hyoid bones during the swallowing process. Methods: Twenty five healthy edentulous subjects were selected for participating in the study. New complete dentures were constructed for all the participants. Subsequently two dental implants were inserted in the canine regions of the participant's mandibular arch. In order to retain the mandibular prosthesis in place, ball attachments were incorporated into the mandibular dentures to convert them into implant overdentures. Using 10 ml of thin liquid bolus, videofluoroscopy swallowing examination was performed in three different oral conditions: without complete dentures (WCD), with complete denture (CDs), and with a mandibular implant overdenture (IODs). ANOVA with Bonferroni test was used to analyze the data in order to determine how the hyoid displacement varied throughout different oral conditions. Results: Compared to complete dentures, mandibular implant overdentures showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in both anterior hyoid displacement and duration of hyoid maximum anterior excursion (DOHMAE). However, there was a non-significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two oral circumstances in terms of superior hyoid displacement or duration for hyoid maximum elevation (DOHME). There is no penetration or aspiration for both complete denture and implant overdenture oral conditions. Conclusion: Implant retained overdentures have a positive effect on hyoid displacement during swallowing of thin liquid bolus consistency relative to conventional complete dentures. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered (NCT06187181) 02/1/2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Opiorphin is a pentapeptide secreted in saliva and has a strong analgesic effect. Salivary opiorphin has been shown to increase in orofacial pain and may act as a pain reliever in pain caused by denture‐related ulcers. The current study aimed to evaluate the salivary opiorphin levels in traumatic ulcers caused by ill‐fitting dentures and demonstrate whether there is any correlation between trauma‐related pain levels and salivary opiorphin levels. Materials and Methods: Twenty‐two individuals with new full dentures and a complaint of pain due to ill‐fitting were included in this study. Patients were asked to rate their level of pain on a visual analog scale (VAS). Then, saliva specimens were collected at the first visit with the complaint of pain and 7 days following the denture adjustment. Results: The average saliva opiorphin level before and after denture adjustment were 19.29 ± 5.44 and 15.78 ± 3.95 ng/mL, respectively. A dependent (paired) t‐test determined that the mean salivary opiorphin level differed statistically significantly before and after the adjustment of the dentures. Conclusions: The findings show that salivary opiorphin levels increase in pain associated with denture‐related traumatic ulcers. Adjusting the dentures resulted in pain relief and a statistically significant reduction in opiorphin levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Evaluate the efficacy of denture cleaners on the adhesion of Candida albicans and their effects on the surface, optical, and mechanical properties of resins for conventional, milled, and 3D-printed denture bases. Materials and methods: A total of 240 resin samples were made, 120 for testing Candida albicans adhesion, optical stabilities (ΔE00), roughness (Ra), hydrophilicity (°), surface free energy (Owens-Wendt) and 120 samples for testing Candida albicans adhesion, surface microhardness (Knoop), flexural strength and modulus of elasticity in a three-point test, in which they were divided into 3 groups of denture resin (n = 40) and subdivided into 5 cleaners of dentures (n = 8). Data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: Denture cleaners with an alkaline solution and dilute acid composition were those that showed the greatest effectiveness in reducing Candida albicans (P < 0.001), however 1% NaOCl significantly affected the properties of the resins (P < 0.05). Denture 3D-printed showed that the surface microhardness was significantly lower for all cleansers (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Listerine demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing Candida albicans with minimal effect on denture properties, whereas 1% NaOCl had a significant negative impact on the properties. The mechanical properties were significantly lower in 3D-printed resin than in other resins for all denture cleansers. Clinical relevance: Denture base materials are being sold to adapt to the CAD/CAM system, increasing the number of users of dentures manufactured with this system. Despite this, there is little investigation into denture cleaners regarding the adhesion capacity of microorganisms and the optical, surface and mechanical properties of dentures, thus requiring further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous studies focused on the benefits of adequate prosthodontic treatment, while few studies have investigated the prosthodontic‐related risks to health. As a modifiable oral health indicator, the association of ill‐fitting prosthesis (IFP) with hypertension has not been fully explored. Methods: This cross‐sectional study involved 158,659 adults in Beijing (2009–2017) receiving intra‐oral examinations and blood pressure measurements. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association of IFP with the prevalence of hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≧ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≧ 90 mmHg, as well as subgroup analyses by different fixed IFP subgroups (according to involved teeth number) and removable IFP subgroup. We further investigated effect modifications among stratified populations. Results: 158,659 individuals were included for analysis, 346 (26.86%) in IFP group and 27,380 (17.40%) in non‐IFP group (p < 0.001) were hypertensive. After adjustment of sex, age, obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, hsCRP, family history of CVD, self‐reported smoking, self‐reported drinking and WC, ORs of hypertension, SBP ≧ 140 mmHg and DBP ≧ 90 mmHg were 1.330 (95% CI: 1.162–1.522), 1.277 (95% CI: 1.098–1.486) and 1.376 (95% CI: 1.186–1.596), respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after full adjustment, the number of involved teeth showed a significant incremental trend with hypertension risk in the population with and without IFP (p for trend <0.001). The IFP–blood pressure associations were more pronounced in females, 18–60 years, non‐obese and diabetic participants. Conclusion: As a modifiable oral indicator, IFP was significantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Laughter is expected to have health-protective effects, but the potential link between tooth loss and laughter remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between tooth loss and a low frequency of laughter among older adults in Japan, to elucidate whether this association could be mitigated by dental prostheses, and to evaluate the magnitude of the association mediated by poor oral function. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 157,708 functionally independent participants aged ≥65 years (46.3% male) from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. A modified Poisson regression model was applied to examine the association between the number of remaining teeth (≥20/10-19/0-9), dental prostheses use, and infrequent laughter (i.e., laughing never or almost never). Causal mediation analysis was performed to assess whether the association was mediated by difficulties in eating hard foods, choking, or dry mouth. Results: Among the participants, 9,129 reported infrequent laughter. Participants with ≤9 and 10-19 teeth who did not use dental prostheses had a 1.29 and 1.14 times higher likelihood of infrequent laughter than those with ≥20 teeth, respectively. Furthermore, difficulty eating hard foods, choking, and dry mouth mediated 22.8%, 0.4%, and 4.3% of the association between fewer remaining teeth and infrequent laughter, respectively. Meanwhile, we did not find evidence for the differences in infrequent laughter between participants with ≤19 teeth using dental prostheses and those with ≥20 teeth. Conclusions: Tooth loss among individuals without dental prostheses was associated with infrequent laughter, and this association was mediated by poor oral function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of three-dimensional printing technology (3D printing) has revolutionized the dental industry by providing a rapid, dependable, and affordable way to create a variety of dental products, including denture bases. This review article presents in-depth research on polymeric materials and their effect on different properties and aspects of dentures manufactured by 3D printing processes. This study indicated that Poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) is a popular material in the 3D printing process of dentures. Despite its widespread use in dentures, more research is required to overcome some disadvantages like brittleness and poor mechanical qualities by utilizing additives to this material for improvement. The polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has remarkable mechanical and thermal properties and is perfect for dentures. A variety of medical and dental applications can benefit from Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) toughness and chemical resistance, our review investigation uncovered several potential applications of ABS for printed dentures. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer derived from renewable resources and it has been used in dentures. However, additional study is required to enhance its performance in dentures. Furthermore, it was found that the most appropriate 3D printing technology for denture printing is the vat photopolymerization process. Advances in material qualities are assisting in the durable and biocompatible dental prostheses that meet the evolving needs of patients and doctors. Furthermore, in-depth evaluations of environmental sustainability and biocompatibility are essential for advancing the discipline ethically and responsibly.

ABSTRACT Edentulism is the loss of permanent dental structures, which impacts aesthetics and essential functions like chewing and speech. Dental prosthetics, specifically complete dentures, offer a solution. This study provides an overview of the production process using CAD/CAM technology. Digital methods yield monolithic denture bases, enhancing aesthetics and eliminating issues like shrinkage. Digital technologies expedite the fabrication process. The conventional method has shortcomings, leading to poor-fitting dentures, multiple dental visits, higher costs, and limitations. CAD/CAM is poised to replace traditional techniques, but improvements are needed for a seamless transition. Current CAD/CAM systems must enhance digital techniques, ensure fully digital production, and reduce costs for broader consumer accessibility. This evolution holds the key to a brighter and more comfortable future for edentulous patients.

ABSTRACT Objectives Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the body's natural antioxidant defenses and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), can result in serious oral diseases, including oral cancer, periodontal diseases, and oral lichen planus, through the activation of the redox‐sensitive transcription factors and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential effects of a removable complete denture on the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as lipid peroxidation (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and catalase, and the quantitative expression of the redox‐sensitive transcription factor NF‐κB p65 subunit. Materials and Methods This interventional follow‐up study enrolled 40 participants of both sexes aged 28–78 years, with a median age of 56 years, where unstimulated saliva was collected before denture placement, immediately after the denture placement, and 24 h, 7 days, and 30 days after the denture placement. The most prominent ROS overproduction was reported on the seventh day (p

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two different loading methods in implant-supported removable prostheses (partial dentures and full-maxillary dentures). Methods: As of August 2023, three electronic databases and nine oral implant-related journals had been searched. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compare immediate loading with conventional loading in implant-supported removable prostheses were included. The primary outcome was the implant survival rate. At the same time, a meta-analysis of bone-level changes was performed. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2) was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included trials. Results: A total of 16 RCTs were included, including 543 participants with 1595 implants. The included trials compared immediate loading and conventional loading in implant-supported removable prostheses. Regarding implants as the statistical unit, the immediate loading group had a statistically significant lower survival rate (RR = 0.950; 95% confidence interval [CI], (0.926, 0.974); P = 0.027; I² = 47%). When patients were regarded as statistical units, a statistically significant lower survival rate was also observed in the immediate loading group (RR = 0.929; 95% CI, (0.897, 0.961); P = 0.590; I² = 0%). When we analysed the bone level changes, a statistically significant decrease was observed in bone level in the immediate loading group compared with the conventional loading group (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −0.127; 95% CI, (−0.195, −0.059); P

Abstract Background Tissue conditioners are used for treating and improving the tissues supporting complete dentures. On the other hand, recent advances in nanotechnology have revolutionized various fields of science, including dentistry. The present study aimed to investigate novel antimicrobial applications of copper oxide nanoparticle-based tissue conditioner used in complete prostheses. Methods The present experimental study included 126 tissue conditioner samples with different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.625%, and 0% w/w). The samples were incubated with Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in 24-well plates for 24 h. Then, samples from the wells were re-incubated for 24 h, and the microorganisms were counted. Results The culture media containing E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa showed significantly different growth between different nanoparticle concentrations following 24 h (P

Background: Tissue conditioners are used for treating and improving the tissues supporting complete dentures. On the other hand, recent advances in nanotechnology have revolutionized various fields of science, including dentistry. The present study aimed to investigate novel antimicrobial applications of copper oxide nanoparticle-based tissue conditioner used in complete prostheses. Methods: The present experimental study included 126 tissue conditioner samples with different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.625%, and 0% w/w). The samples were incubated with Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in 24-well plates for 24 h. Then, samples from the wells were re-incubated for 24 h, and the microorganisms were counted. Results: The culture media containing E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa showed significantly different growth between different nanoparticle concentrations following 24 h (P < 0.001), showing a reduction in bacterial growth with increased nanoparticle concentration. Both bacteria did not show any growth at the 20% concentration. However, C. albicans showed significant differences in growth between different nanoparticle concentrations following 48 h (P < 0.001), showing a reduction in growth with increased nanoparticle concentration. Also, the least growth was observed at the 20% concentration. Conclusions: In conclusion, the CuO nanoparticles were prepared using a green synthesis methon in the suitable sizes. Moreover, the tissue conditioners containing CuO nanoparticles showed acceptable antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This prospective clinical study aimed to assess self-reported orofacial esthetics, chewing function, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) over three years in the Kennedy Class I patients without posterior dentition who received free-end saddle removable partial dentures (RPDs) retained by two mini dental implants (MDIs) inserted in the canine/first premolar region. The study's robust findings reaffirm the viability of MDI-retained RPDs as a treatment modality in contemporary prosthodontics, instilling confidence in the dental community. Materials and methods: 92 participants with posterior edentulism in the maxilla or mandible received 184 MDIs and 92 RPDs. After one year, three participants were excluded, and another seven were excluded after three years. The final sample was 82 participants. Self-perceived orofacial esthetics was assessed by the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES), chewing function by the Chewing Function Questionnaire (CFQ), and the OHRQoL by the OHIP-14. Statistical analysis utilized multivariate regression analysis, standardized effect size calculation, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and Friedman's test. Results: OHRQoL and chewing function significantly improved (p < 0.001) one month after MDI loading by the new RPDs and continued to improve over the observation period (p < 0.05). The OES also significantly improved (p < 0.001) and remained almost unchanged over the next three years (p = 0.440). Conclusion: Despite the limitations of this study, the MDI-retained RPD appears to be a viable treatment modality in contemporary prosthodontics from the patients’ perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently presents with oral manifestations, including gingival inflammation, loose teeth, and mouth ulcers; however, the causal connections between these conditions remain unclear. This study aims to explore the genetic correlations and causal relationships between RA and prevalent oral phenotypes. Methods: Using summary data from genome-wide association studies of European populations, a cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression was conducted to estimate the genetic correlations between RA and six oral phenotypes. Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to assess the causal relationships, corroborated by various sensitivity analyses. Heterogeneity was addressed through the RadialMR method, while potential covariates were corrected using the multivariable MR approach. Results: A significant negative genetic correlation was detected between RA and denture usage (rg = −0.192, p = 4.88 × 10−8 ). Meanwhile, a heterogenous causal relationship between RA and mouth ulcers was observed (OR = 1.027 [1.005–1.05], p = 0.016, Pheterogeneity = 4.69 × 10−8 ), which remained robust across sensitivity analyses. After excluding outlier variants, the results demonstrated robustly consistent (OR = 1.021 [1.008–1.035], p = 1.99 × 10−3, Pheterogeneity = 0.044). However, upon adjusting for covariates such as smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and obesity, the significance diminished, revealing no evidence to support independent genetic associations. Conclusion: Genetically predicted RA increases the risk of mouth ulcers, and a negative genetic correlation is identified between RA and denture use. The observed heterogeneity suggests that shared immunological mechanisms and environmental factors may play significant roles. These findings highlight the importance of targeted dental management strategies for RA patients. Further clinical guidelines are required to improve oral health among vulnerable RA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient satisfaction and quality of life are integral to assessing oral health care quality. For many Americans still using conventional complete dentures (CDs) or implant-retained mandibular overdentures (IODs), it remains essential to consider improving their oral health outcomes and quality of life. Due to inexperienced student dentists providing dental care to dental school patients, patient grievances are generally considered a problem. Patient feedback and satisfaction have proven valuable resources for monitoring and improving patient safety. While CDs and IODs are the 2 leading treatment options for edentulism, more comparative studies in the literature need to compare their outcomes in a school setting. The research question that guided this comparative analysis was, "Is patient satisfaction and quality of life affected by the type of prostheses and provider?" A validated questionnaire was mailed to 520 individuals selected from records of patients who had received treatment for edentulous mandible at a student prosthodontic clinic at the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry from 2014 to 2016 with at least 1 year of follow-up time. A validated questionnaire for edentulous patients based on the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-19) was used. In addition, information on patients' oral health-related quality of life, including questions related to the edentulous patients' satisfaction with their dentures, was collected. The response rate was 33% (N = 171). The study's findings confirm previous findings, suggesting that IODs may significantly impact oral health-related quality of life. Data show that 76% of the IOD group reported improvement in experience when using the implants to retain the mandibular denture. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the OHIP scores between overall CD and IOD patient groups. Males with IODs had lower physical pain, limitations, and disability scores than males with CD. However, females with IODs reported more significant concerns associated with a social disability and handicap domains. Comparing users who had experiences with both treatment options, this study discerned essential characteristics that contribute to increased patient satisfaction with IODs and identified significance in outcomes by gender. These findings guide prosthodontic practitioners' patient care practices and identify a continuing need to discuss CD and IOD treatment protocols within dental school curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of opportunistic respiratory pathogens colonizing removable dental prostheses in older adults without respiratory diseases. Methods: This review was registered with PROSPERO and conducted in accordance with the principles formed by the working group of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) to evaluate systematic reviews of prevalence data. Literature searches were conducted across five electronic databases. Quality assessments were determined according to a revised JBI critical appraisal checklist across nine criteria. Comparison between fixed‐ and random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed for sensitivity analysis. Prediction intervals were also presented when three or more studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Results: Across the databases, 1091 articles were identified, and 591 articles remained after the removal of duplicates. Twenty "potentially effective" studies were identified. Ultimately eight studies informed this review and meta‐analyses were performed for 13 known respiratory pathogens. The meta‐analyses identified the top three common respiratory pathogens residing on the removable prostheses were, in descending order: Staphylococcus aureus: 31.81% (95% CI: 13.34%–48.24%); Staphylococcus epidermidis: 14.07% (95% CI: 7.88%–21.48%); Klebsiella pneumoniae: 10.50% (95% CI: 2.55%–22.30%). The heterogeneity scores for nine respiratory pathogen analyses were classified as "unimportant inconsistency", I2 = 0% (p > 0.1). For sensitivity analysis, there was no difference between the random‐ and fixed‐effects models. Conclusion: The existing evidence demonstrated a high burden of certain opportunistic respiratory pathogens, which may be considered a major potential cause of respiratory infections in older adults wearing removable prostheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Older adults with removable dentures experience high rates of both caries (when the natural dentition remains) and salivary gland dysfunction. While many commercial dental therapeutic agents target these two interrelated problems, none have been labeled for use on the fitting surface of removable dentures. Off‐label use of MI Paste (GC America, Alsip, IL), a dental therapeutic containing casein‐phosphopeptide‐amorphous‐calcium‐phosphate (CPP‐ACP), was investigated following its application to the fitting surface of complete denture(s) with subsequent effects on salivary conditions measured. Materials and methods: Salivary flow rate and pH were recorded at baseline and 15 min following the application of 1 mL of CPP‐ACP paste to the fitting surface of each participant's denture through whole saliva collection. To assess buffering capacity, equivalent volumes of 0.01 M lactic acid were added to the collected saliva samples, and pH reduction was measured. Comparisons of salivary parameters between baseline and post‐CPP‐ACP paste application and between subjects with and without self‐reported xerostomia were conducted using a paired‐sample t‐test, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, or two‐sample t‐test as appropriate. Results: Of the 28 participants (mean age = 70.3 ± 13.7 years, 17 males), 11 reported xerostomia. CPP‐ACP‐paste application was associated with decreased pH reduction during acid challenge compared to baseline (0.95 ± 0.24 vs. 1.54 ± 0.53, p < 0.001), and a higher final pH following acid challenge (5.93 ± 0.34 vs. 5.40 ± 0.66, p < 0.001). While the flow rates observed at post‐CPP‐ACP paste application were greater than those at baseline, the difference was not statistically significant (0.67 ± 0.44 mL/min vs. 0.55 ± 0.34 mL/min, p = 0.053). No significant differences were found in any salivary parameters between participants with or without self‐reports of xerostomia. Conclusions: The findings highlight potential positive effects on salivary conditions following the application of the CPP‐ACP‐containing product, MI Paste, to the fitting surface of a removable complete denture as a potential caries‐risk‐management tool when natural dentition remains. Determining the caries‐preventive clinical significance will require longer‐term trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• There are notable differences in crown forms between different ethnicities. • Patients with triangular crown forms have a higher incidence of incomplete papilla fill. • Asian populations possess narrow, slender crown forms that are even smaller than major prosthetic teeth moulds in the market. This study aimed to classify the crowns of maxillary central incisors into distinct categories and to examine the associations between these crown forms and morphometric characteristics in an ethnically diverse Asian population. This is significant for the treatment planning and management of cases, especially for the anterior teeth, from the restorative and aesthetic points of view. Clinical measurements and photographic data were collected from 160 participants, comprising students, staff, and patients of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The crown length, crown width, contact surface, papilla height, papilla fill, keratinized mucosa width, and gingival tissue thickness were measured. Cluster analyses were performed to identify the different crown form categories and corresponding characteristics. The mean crown width measured 7.093 ± 0.637 mm, while the mean crown length was 10.209 ± 0.966 mm. Three crown-form clusters were identified: triangular (50 %), square/tapered (23.1 %), and square (26.9 %) shapes. The triangular cluster had a significantly higher mean papilla height (4.64 mm ± 0.818) and the highest incidence of incomplete papilla fill (17.5 %). The chi-squared test showed a significant difference in crown forms between the different ethnicities, χ2 (2, 160) = 0.033. Within this diverse Asian population, the crown form demonstrates three clusters: triangular, square/tapered, and square, characterized by a notably small average crown width and crown length. Most participants predominantly exhibited triangular crown forms with reduced crown width, crown length, and crown width/ crown length ratio. Furthermore, noticeable variations in crown forms and their morphometric attributes were observed among the three ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese, and Indians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diet is a modifiable factor in healthy population aging. Additionally, oral health and diet are important factors affecting depressive symptoms. To assess the mediating role of dietary diversity (DD) in oral health and depressive symptoms in older adults, we selected 8442 participants aged ≥ 65 years from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) for a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were determined based on scores on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Dietary diversity scores (DDS) were established based on the frequency of intake of food groups. Oral health was measured by denture use and toothbrushing frequency. Stepwise multiple linear regression and PROCESS macros were used for mediated effects analysis and testing. The sample had a positive detection rate of 44.1% for depressive symptoms, 40.8% for denture use, and 41.9% for once-a-day toothbrushing. Denture use (ρ = −0.077, p < 0.01) and toothbrushing frequency (ρ = −0.115, p < 0.01) were negative predictors of depressive symptoms in older adults. DD significantly mediated the association between denture use (indirect effect −0.047; 95%CI: −0.068–0.028; p < 0.001), toothbrushing frequency (indirect effect −0.041; 95%CI: −0.054–0.030; p < 0.001), and depressive symptoms. Denture use and toothbrushing frequency not only directly reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults, but also indirectly affect depressive symptoms through DD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are an indication for Kennedy Class IV planification. However, in long edentulous space, it becomes a biomechanical challenge, since it results in an anterior free end, in turn, and in lever movements. Such conditions can create a greater probability of bone loss, torque on abutment teeth and instability of the denture. In this sense, strategies to improve the biomechanical performance of RPDs are essential in planning. The objective of this clinical case is to report the prosthetic rehabilitation of a partially edentulous patient, IV Kennedy classification, with implant-assisted RPD. Patient was complaining that her RPD in the upper arch was unstable and, among the treatment plan options, the chosen one was rehabilitation with a RPD supported by the molars (16 and 17; 26 and 27) and two implants in the 13 and 23 regions. Finally, o-ring components were installed on the implants and captured. Rehabilitation resulted in a RPD with favorable retention, stability, and esthetics. It is concluded that this treatment option contributed to the resolution of a clinical challenge derived from the difficulties associated with a long edentulous space in the anterior region and provided the patient with an aesthetic and functional denture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the authors analyzed modern resin materials typically used for temporary reconstructions on implants and manufactured via 3D printing. Three broadly used resins: NextDent Denture 3D, NextDent C&B MFH Bleach, and Graphy TC-80DP were selected for analysis and compared to currently used acrylic materials and ABS-like resin. In order to achieve this, mechanical tests were conducted, starting with the static tensile test PN-EN. After the mechanical tests, analysis of the chemical composition was performed and images of the SEM microstructure were taken. Moreover, numerical simulations were conducted to create numerical models of materials and compare the accuracy with the tensile test. The parameters obtained in the computational environment enabled more than 98% correspondence between numerical and experimental charts, which constitutes an important step towards the further development of numeric methods in dentistry and prosthodontics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral health is essential to total health and a satisfactory quality of life. One of the most contributing factors is how a human being has an understanding of how to maintain oral health to improve the quality and well-being of life. Purpose: to provide and describe the community knowledge about the importance of replacing missing teeth using dentures and maintaining oral health to improve the quality of life. Methods: The event was carried out with an interactive educational concept by giving pre- and post-tests at the beginning and end of the event. There were at least 80 education participants, consisting of the people of Sekarkare village of various ages, from late adolescents to the elderly, along with village officials and guests from the Sekarkare Health Center. The activity was carried out at the village hall of Sekarkare Village, Dringu District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. Results: The majority of people understand and are enthusiastic about participating in a series of counseling events. There is an increase in scores in the pre-test (59,06%) and post-test (65,58%) results. Conclusion: The existence of counseling events with interactive educational concepts can increase public enthusiasm for participating in events, making it easier for people to gain new knowledge.

Abstract For patients who have difficulty in mechanical cleaning of dental appliances, a denture cleaner that can remove biofilm with dense extracellular polymeric substances is needed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of diatom complex with active micro-locomotion for removing biofilms from 3D printed dentures. The diatom complex, which is made by doping MnO2 nanosheets on diatom biosilica, is mixed with H2O2 to generate fine air bubbles continuously. Denture base resin specimens were 3D printed in a roof shape, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (107 CFU/mL) was cultured on those for biofilm formation. Cleaning solutions of phosphate-buffered saline (negative control, NC), 3% H2O2 with peracetic acid (positive control, PC), denture cleanser tablet (DCT), 3% H2O2 with 2 mg/mL diatom complex M (Melosira, DM), 3% H2O2 with 2 mg/mL diatom complex A (Aulacoseira, DA), and DCT with 2 mg/mL DM were prepared and applied. To assess the efficacy of biofilm removal quantitatively, absorbance after cleaning was measured. To evaluate the stability of long-term use, surface roughness, ΔE, surface micro-hardness, and flexural strength of the 3D printed dentures were measured before and after cleaning. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS for Windows with one-way ANOVA, followed by Scheffe’s test as a post hoc (p

Abstract Background The various physical and chemical conditions within the oral cavity are hypothesized to have a significant influence on the behavior of denture adhesives and therefore the overall comfort of denture wearers. As such, this study aims to understand the influence of oral cavity physiological parameters such as temperature (17 to 52 °C), pH (2, 7, 10), and denture adhesive swelling due to saliva (20–120%) on the behavior of denture adhesives. This study further aims to emphasize the need for a collective approach to modelling the in-situ behavior of denture adhesives. Methods Rheological measurements were carried out using the Super Polygrip Ultra fresh brand denture adhesive cream to evaluate its storage modulus (G´) and loss modulus (G´´) values at a range of physiologically relevant temperatures, pH values, and degrees of swelling, to represent and characterize the wide variety of conditions that occur within the oral cavity. Results Rheological data was recorded with respect to variation of temperature, pH, and swelling. Overall, it can be seen that the physiological conditions of the oral cavity have an influence on the rheological properties of the denture adhesive cream. Specifically, our data indicates that the adhesive’s mechanical properties are weakly influenced by pH, but do change with respect to the temperature in the oral cavity and the swelling rate of the adhesive. Conclusions Our results suggest that the collective inter-play of the parameters pH, temperature and swelling ratio have an influence on the behavior of the denture adhesive. The results clearly highlight the need for developing a multi-parameter viscoelastic material model to understand the collective influence of physiological parameters on the performance of denture adhesives. Multi-parameter models can also potentially be utilized in numerically simulating denture adhesives using finite element simulations.

Background: Denture adhesives are alternatives used to improve retention, stability, comfort and satisfaction in patients with complete dentures. Evidence on the effectiveness of denture adhesives on resorbed mandibular ridges is scarce. Among the many commercially available denture adhesives, the ideal material for the severely resorbed mandibular ridge remains in dispute. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different quantities of four commercially available denture adhesives on the retention of mandibular complete dentures in severely resorbed ridges. Materials and Methods: A resorbed edentulous mandibular ridge model was manufactured in acrylic resin. A denture base was made and three loops were attached to it. Four commercially available denture adhesives (Fixodent, Perlie White, Fiftydent and Polident) were tested in amounts of 0.2 g, 0.4 g, 0.6 g, 0.8 g and 1.0 g. The acrylic resin model was evenly moistened with 1 ml of water and a weighted amount of adhesive material was applied to the denture base. The universal testing machine engaged the loops fixed on the denture base and applied the vertical displacement force. The maximum vertical displacement force values were recorded for each denture adhesive material at different amounts. Statistical calculation was performed using Kruskal Wallis with Bonferroni post hoc correction. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean values of the vertical displacement force for adhesive amounts of 0.2 g, 0.4 g, 0.6 g and 1.0 g (p

Candida albicans (C. albicans) adhering to denture-based resins (DBRs) is a known cause of denture stomatitis. A new approach to prevent denture stomatitis is to include antimicrobial substances within DBRs. Here, we examined the mechanical performance and antifungal properties of DBRs containing benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (C12BDMA-Cl) as an antimicrobial compound. C12BDMA-Cl is a quaternary ammonium compound, and its antifungal properties have never been investigated when combined with dental acrylic resin. Therefore, we modified a commercially available heat-polymerized acrylic DBR to contain 3 and 5 wt.% of C12BDMA-Cl. Unmodified DBR was used as a control group. Specimens were prepared using the conventional heat processing method. The specimen’s flexural strength, elastic modulus, microhardness, and surface roughness were evaluated. C. albicans biofilm was grown on the specimens and assessed via colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In silico molecular docking was applied to predict the potential C12BDMA-Cl inhibition activity as an antifungal drug. The 3% C12BDMA-Cl DBR demonstrated antifungal activities without a deterioration effect on the mechanical performance. SEM images indicated fewer colonies in DBR containing C12BDMA-Cl, which can be a potential approach to managing denture stomatitis. In conclusion, C12BDMA-Cl is a promising antifungal agent for preventing and treating denture stomatitis.