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1. Sustainable management of the vine mealybug in organic vineyards

Author: Arturo Cocco, Vitor Cezar Pacheco da Silva, Andrea Lentini, Marcos Botton, Giovanni Benelli, Andrea Lucchi, Pacheco da Silva Vitor Cezar, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Biología., Cocco Arturo, Benelli Giovanni, Botton Marcos, Lucchi Andrea, Lentini Andrea, ARTURO COCCO, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy, VITOR CEZAR PACHECO DA SILVA, Agronomy Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay, GIOVANNI BENELLI, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy, MARCOS BOTTON, CNPUV, and ANDREA LUCCHI, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Subjects: Vine, Biological control, Cultural control, Grapevine, Mating disruption, Physical control, Planococcus ficus, Biological pest control, Plant Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Infestation, medicine, Mealybug, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Agroforestry, business.industry, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Sustainable management, Agriculture, Insect Science, PEST analysis, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: The vine mealybug (VMB), Planococcus ficus, is a major grapevine pest worldwide, whose chemical control is often unsatisfactory due to its cryptic behavior, insecticide resistance and high fecundity rate. Recently, increasing restrictions have been applied to insecticides used for managing VMB. This review discusses sustainable VMB management strategies in organic viticulture. Pheromone-mediated mating disruption has been proved to be effective in both organic wine and table-grape vineyards. Biocontrol projects carried out through the release of parasitoids and/or predators have often provided inconclusive results, ranging from effective reduction of mealybug infestation to a marginal impact of parasitoids on VMB density. The latter outcome is likely due to constraints affecting the parasitoid activity, such as the disrupting activity of mealybug-tending ants and broad-spectrum insecticides, or untimely release of parasitoids. Ant suppression should be associated with the release of beneficial organisms, as mealybug-tending ants can severely affect the parasitoid activity. Cultural and physical control and the employment of entomopathogens and natural products mitigate the buildup of VMB populations, but they are not widely applied. VMB control in organic viticulture requires the integration of different strategies, as application of single control tools as a stand-alone treatment may not be effective, especially for high pest infestation. Future research to determine the density action threshold below which sustainable methods are effective and calibrate efforts in relation with pest infestation is needed. A multi-disciplinary approach is required to define the most appropriate sustainable control protocols in different environmental conditions and promote a further spread of organic viticulture. Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-05T09:03:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cocco2020-Article-SustainableManagementOfTheVine.pdf: 2790482 bytes, checksum: 298711edf07447b4b78f822afda31a63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020
Published: 2021

2. Trends in molecular diagnosis and diversity studies for phytosanitary regulated Xanthomonas

Author: Catara, Vittoria, Cubero, Jaime, Pothier, Joël F., Bosis, Eran, Bragard, Claude, Đermić, Edyta, Holeva, Maria C., Jacques, Marie-Agnès, Petter, Francoise, Pruvost, Olivier, Robène, Isabelle, Studholme, David J., Tavares, Fernando, Vicente, Joana G., Koebnik, Ralf, Costa, Joana, Università degli Studi di Catania, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, University of Zurich, Scottish Government, Catara, Vittoria, Cubero, Jaime, Pothier, Joël F., Bosis, Eran, Bragard, Claude, Đermić, Edyta, Holeva, Maria C., Jacques, Marie-Agnès, Petter, Francoise, Pruvost, Olivier, Robène, Isabelle, Studholme, David J., Tavares, Fernando, Vicente, Joana G., Koebnik, Ralf, Costa, Joana, University of Catania [Italy], Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), ORT Braude College [Karmiel, Israel], Earth and Life Institute [Louvain-La-Neuve] (ELI), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Faculty of Agriculture [Zagreb] (UNIZG), University of Zagreb, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization - Organisation Européenne et Méditerranéenne pour la Protection des Plantes (EPPO), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Exeter, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Universidade do Porto, Centro de Investigacão em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Fera Science Ltd, Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Centre for Functional Ecology, Instituto Pedro Nunes (IPN), J.C. (Joana Costa) acknowledges R&D Unit Center for Functional Ecology-Science for People and the Planet (CFE), with reference UIDB/04004/2020, financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC). V.C. acknowledges support of the University of Catania PIA.CE.RI. 2020–2022Linea 2-Research Project MEDIT-ECO. J.C. acknowledges support from AEI by RTI 2018-096018-R-C31 and FEDER. O.P. and I.R. acknowledge the European Union (ERDF, EAFRD) and Réunion regional council for support. J.F.P. acknowledges support from the Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) in Wädenswil. D.J.S. and J.G.V. also acknowledge joint funding by a grant from BBSRC, NERC, Defra, and the Scottish Government, under the Strategic Priorities Fund Plant Bacterial Diseases programme under the project ‘Xanthomonas plants diseases: mitigating existing, emerging and future threats to UK agriculture’ (BB/T010916/1 and BB/T010908/1). The APC was funded by COST (European Cooperation inScience and technology)., Benaki Phytopathological Institute (BPI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre for Functional ecology, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology
Subjects: Xanthomonas, QH301-705.5, Review, molecular methods, Maladie des plantes, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Diagnostic, Biology (General), H20 - Maladies des plantes, Regulated non-quarantine pests, 572: Biochemie, Biotechnologie végétale, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Maladie bactérienne, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, quarantine pests, Molecular methods, Quarantine pests, 579: Mikrobiologie, Mesure phytosanitaire, regulated non-quarantine pests
Abstract: 30 Pág. Departamento de Protección Vegetal (INIA), Bacteria in the genus Xanthomonas infect a wide range of crops and wild plants, with most species responsible for plant diseases that have a global economic and environmental impact on the seed, plant, and food trade. Infections by Xanthomonas spp. cause a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, making their identification difficult. The coexistence of phylogenetically close strains, but drastically different in their phenotype, poses an added challenge to diagnosis. Data on future climate change scenarios predict an increase in the severity of epidemics and a geographical expansion of pathogens, increasing pressure on plant health services. In this context, the effectiveness of integrated disease management strategies strongly depends on the availability of rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic methods. The accumulation of genomic information in recent years has facilitated the identification of new DNA markers, a cornerstone for the development of more sensitive and specific methods. Nevertheless, the challenges that the taxonomic complexity of this genus represents in terms of diagnosis together with the fact that within the same bacterial species, groups of strains may interact with distinct host species demonstrate that there is still a long way to go. In this review, we describe and discuss the current molecular-based methods for the diagnosis and detection of regulated Xanthomonas, taxonomic and diversity studies in Xanthomonas and genomic approaches for molecular diagnosis., J.C. (Joana Costa) acknowledges R&D Unit Center for Functional Ecology-Science for People and the Planet (CFE), with reference UIDB/04004/2020, financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC). V.C. acknowledges support of the University of Catania PIA.CE.RI. 2020–2022 Linea 2-Research Project MEDIT-ECO. J.C. acknowledges support from AEI by RTI2018-096018-R-C31 and FEDER. O.P. and I.R. acknowledge the European Union (ERDF, EAFRD) and Réunion regional council for support. J.F.P. acknowledges support from the Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) in Wädenswil. D.J.S. and J.G.V. also acknowledge joint funding by a grant from BBSRC, NERC, Defra, and the Scottish Government, under the Strategic Priorities Fund Plant Bacterial Diseases programme under the project ‘Xanthomonas plants diseases: mitigating existing, emerging and future threats to UK agriculture’ (BB/T010916/1 and BB/T010908/1). The APC was funded by COST (European Cooperation in Science and technology).
Published: 2021
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3. Food system integration of olive-oil producing small farms in Southern Europe

Author: Ana C. Fonseca, Francesca Galli, Laura Fastelli, Paolo Prosperi, Victor Martinez-Gomez, Elpiniki Oikonomopoulou, Giannis Goussios, Pavlos Karanikolas, Laura Arnalte-Mur, Maria Rivera, Paola A. Hernández, Agricultural University of Athens, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Department of Agriculture - Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM), Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), University of Evora, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), European Project: 677363,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,SALSA(2016), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Market integration, 10.- Reducir las desigualdades entre países y dentro de ellos, Southern Europe, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, 15.- Proteger, restaurar y promover la utilización sostenible de los ecosistemas terrestres, gestionar de manera sostenible los bosques, combatir la desertificación y detener y revertir la degradación de la tierra, y frenar la pérdida de diversidad biológica, Small farms, 03 medical and health sciences, 0502 economics and business, Localized food systems, Olive oil, Strategies, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Industrial organization, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, 05 social sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Reciprocity (evolution), ECONOMIA, SOCIOLOGIA Y POLITICA AGRARIA, 02.- Poner fin al hambre, conseguir la seguridad alimentaria y una mejor nutrición, y promover la agricultura sostenible, 08.- Fomentar el crecimiento económico sostenido, inclusivo y sostenible, el empleo pleno y productivo, y el trabajo decente para todos, 12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles, 16.- Promover sociedades pacíficas e inclusivas para el desarrollo sostenible, facilitar acceso a la justicia para todos y crear instituciones eficaces, responsables e inclusivas a todos los niveles, small farm, strategies, Food systems, 050202 agricultural economics & policy, Business, Safety Research, Externality, Food Science
Abstract: [EN] This study aims to identify the various forms of integration of olive-oil-producing small farms (OSFs) into food systems in four Southern European regions, as well as to identify the most beneficial strategies of integration. Drawing on data from the SALSA Project, the study has found that besides self-provision, OSFs are engaged in multiple types of integration, including reciprocity relations as well as relations with informal and formal markets. Multiple strategies with synergistic effects co-exist at the farm/farm household level. However, specific territorial resources are partially mobilized by actors? strategies; consequently, olive oil identities are valorized on the market to some extent, but less so through positive externalities. Therefore, the unrealized potential of localization of food systems in which OSFs operate is identified., This study draws on material from the Project "SALSA" ("Small farms, small food businesses and sustainable food security"). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under grant agreement No 677363
Published: 2021
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4. Nitrogen and water inputs to tomato plant do not trigger bottom‐up effects on a leafminer parasitoid through host and non‐host exposures

Author: Lucia Zappalà, Edwige Amiens-Desneux, Yong-Cheng Dong, Philippe Béarez, Nicolas Desneux, Peng Han, Chang-Ying Niu, Antonio Biondi, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University [Wuhan] (HZAU), Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, ItalianMIPAAF, French ANR call ARIMnet2, project STomP [618127], Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation [2016CFB140], China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016 M592350], European Project: 618127,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,ARIMNET2(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Huazhong Agricultural University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Nitrogen, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, biological control, Necremnus tutae, Moths, plantâ herbivore interactions, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions, Parasitoid, Hemiptera, Solanum lycopersicum, Animals, Herbivory, Pest Control, Biological, plant-herbivore interactions, 2. Zero hunger, integrated pest management, biology, Host (biology), Consumer, business.industry, host-feeding, Pest control, Water, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Hymenoptera, Tuta absoluta, 010602 entomology, Agronomy, Larva, Insect Science, plantâherbivore interactions, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Solanum, business
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Bottom-up and top-down forces are major components of biological control against pests in an agro-ecosystem. Understanding the multi-trophic interactions between plants and secondary consumers would help optimize pest control strategies. We manipulated nitrogen and/or water inputs to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) to test whether these manipulations could trigger bottom-up effects on the parasitoid Necremnus tutae via host (Tuta absoluta) and/or non-host (Bemisia tabaci) exposures, and compared the control efficacy of N. tutae on T. absoluta in the presence and absence of B. tabaci. RESULTS: The results showed no cascading effects of plant nitrogen and/or water inputs on N. tutae via either host or non-host exposure. The bottom-up force was mitigated by chewing or sap-feeding insect consumers at the second energy level. By contrast, the top-down force on T. absoluta from parasitoids was enhanced by an additionally provided non-host, which could produce alternative food sources extending N. tutae longevity and enhancing the fitness of its offspring. CONCLUSION: Our results provided evidence for the combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches in tomato integrated pest management programs.
Published: 2017
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5. Resistance against clothianidin and associated fitness costs in the chive maggot, Bradysia odoriphaga

Author: Hina Gul, Xiwu Gao, Ding Qian, Nicolas Desneux, Dunlun Song, Antonio Biondi, Farman Ullah, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University (CAU), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania [Italy], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFD0200500, and National Natural Science Foundation of China 31272077
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Life table, Demographic parameters, Resistance (ecology), Maggot, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chive maggot, Clothianidin, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Chinese Chive, Toxicology, Insecticide Resistance, 010602 entomology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Insecticide resistance, Insect Science, Bradysia odoriphaga, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Chinese chive, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The chive maggot, Bradysia odoriphaga Yang and Zhang (Diptera: Sciaridae) is an economically important insect pest, affecting many important vegetables, including Chinese chive, especially in northern China. Clothianidin is a second-generation of neonicotinoid insecticide that is currently used for the management of B. odoriphaga. In the present study, we investigated the development of resistance after continuous laboratory selection and associated fitness costs in B. odoriphaga against clothianidin insecticide. The results showed that B. odoriphaga population developed 76-fold resistance, following exposure with clothianidin insecticide for 10 generations. Similarly, life table analysis showed that the fecundity, along with male and female longevity in a resistant strain of B. odoriphaga was decreased significantly compared with the susceptible strain. The developmental duration of larvae and pupae were increased dramatically in the resistant strain, while no effects were observed on egg hatchability. Furthermore, the demographic parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase (r) (d(-1)), net reproductive rate (R-0) (offspring/individual) and finite rate of increase (lambda) (d(-1)) were found to be significantly decreased in the laboratory selected resistant population when compared with the susceptible strain of B. odoriphaga, in addition, only mean generation time (T) (d) increased significantly. These results suggest that B. odoriphaga responded quickly and develop a high level of resistance against clothianidin insecticide under continuous selection pressure. Additionally, the associated fitness costs may have direct implication for the management of B. odoriphaga against clothianidin.
Published: 2019
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6. Tuta absoluta continues to disperse in Asia: damage, ongoing management and future challenges

Author: Su Wang, Nicolas Desneux, Uulu Tair Esenali, Abid Ali, Peng Han, Fang-Hao Wan, Fariba Sohrabi, Antonio Biondi, Anvar Jalilov, P. R. Shashank, Guifen Zhang, Yunus Bayram, Liora Shaltiel-Harpaz, Anitha Saji, Khasan Ismoilov, Zhaozhi Lu, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), General Directorate Of Food And Control, Galilee Research Institute (Migal), Persian Gulf University, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University (KTU MANAS), Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Université de Catane, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Invasive pest, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Cross-regional network, RNA interference, Genetically modified crops, Asian country, Economic impact analysis, China, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Agroforestry, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Biological control, Chemical control, Quarantine, Sterile insect technique, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010602 entomology, Agriculture, South american, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Tuta absoluta, PEST analysis, business
Abstract: Since its initial detection in Turkey in 2009, the invasive destructive pest South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has started its new invasion journey to east and invaded most Asian countries. This pest currently causes extensive damage to tomato production and potentially threatens key production areas such as China. To provide an overview of current status of T. absoluta in Asia, we have briefly reviewed the damage and economic impacts by this pest locally and discussed why this species has spread so rapidly among the countries. Moreover, ongoing integrated pest management options are summarized in newly invaded areas with an emphasis of discussing the potential control failures by chemical insecticides. Future research efforts on developing promising management technologies are recommended. Finally, we suggest building a cross-regional network to enhance the sustainable control of this pest.
Published: 2019
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7. Special issue on Tuta absoluta: recent advances in management methods against the background of an ongoing worldwide invasion

Author: Antonio Biondi, Nicolas Desneux, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Entomology, business.industry, Agroforestry, Ecology (disciplines), Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 010602 entomology, Agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Management methods, Tuta absoluta, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Published: 2019
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8. Seeming field allelopathic activity of Cynara cardunculus L. reduces the soil weed seed bank

Author: Cristina Abbate, Alessia Restuccia, Giovanni Mauromicale, Aurelio Scavo, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DIA3), and University of Catania [Italy]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Soil seed bank, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 01 natural sciences, Crop rotation, Cynara cardunculus, Allelopathy, 2. Zero hunger, Cynara cardunculus . Allelopathy . Seed bank . Weed control . Crop rotation . Sustainability . Eubacterial communities, biology, fungi, Cynara, Seed bank, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Azospirillum brasilense, Weed control, biology.organism_classification, Eubacterial communities, Sustainability, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Monoculture, Weed, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; AbstractWeeds are one of the most important pests in agroecosystems, causing considerable economic losses on the production. The widespread use of herbicides during the last decades has led to an increased search for more environmentally sustainable methods for weed management. The manipulation of allelopathic interactions between crops and weeds, such as the introduction of an allelopathic species within a crop rotation, represents a valid alternative. In a multidisciplinary approach, we evaluated the effects resulting from three consecutive years of cultivation, in two different areas, with the three botanical varieties of Cynara cardunculus L. (globe artichoke, cultivated and wild cardoon), compared with a classic Mediterranean wheat/faba bean rotation and an olive grove, on the quali/quantitative weed soil seed bank and the changes in the eubacterial communities. Furthermore, the in vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic leaf extracts of cultivated cardoon against three bacteria involved in the soil N-cycle was investigated. In both areas, C. cardunculus caused a significant reduction (from − 34 to − 50%) on the amount of weed seeds in all treatments compared to controls; in some cases, a reduction of the number of weed species was observed. On one hand, the presence of cultivated cardoon had a negative influence towards Bacillus subtilis, while on the other, a positive one towards the beneficial soil bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Azospirillum brasilense. Moreover, methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts from cultivated cardoon showed an inhibitory activity on B. lichenoformis, while there were no negative effects on Rhizobium leguminosarum and Sinorhizobium meliloti, two important bacteria involved in biological N2 fixation. These results confirmed, for the first time, the field allelopathic activity of C. cardunculus in monoculture and the possibility of introducing it within a crop rotation as an indirect method for a chemical-free weed seed bank control while respecting soil eubacterial communities.
Published: 2019
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9. Long lasting summer flowerings of Lythrum salicaria as honeybee-friendly flower spots in Mediterranean basin agricultural wetlands

Author: Angelo Canale, Giovanni Benelli, Stefano Benvenuti, Nicolas Desneux, University of Pisa, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), PROAPI (PRAF), and University of Pisa, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment [COFIN2015_22]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Halictidae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Purple loosestrife, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Food paucity, 03 medical and health sciences, Pollinator, Pollen, Botany, medicine, Nectar, biology, Ecology, Bombus sylvarum, Wildflower strips, 15. Life on land, Apoidea, Colony collapse disorder, Food paucity, Pollinators’ diversity, Purple loosestrife, Wildflower strips, biology.organism_classification, Apoidea, Pollinators' diversity, 030104 developmental biology, Pollinators’ diversity, Lythrum salicaria, Colony collapse disorder, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Megachilidae
Abstract: International audience; The purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria, is a species native to Eurasia. It is rustic, produces both pollen and nectar, and may be a helpful food source for bees in Mediterranean wetlands, helping them to overcome hot summer periods characterised by food paucity. In this research, we investigated the flowering of L. salicaria plants in Mediterranean agricultural wetlands, as well as pollinator diversity and abundance. L. salicaria has a long lasting flowering, with more than 640 open flowers/plant from mid July to early September. 476 pollinators belonging to 3 orders, 7 families and 15 species of insects were studied. Scanning electron microscopy showed that all species carried L. salicaria pollen on their body parts. Hymenoptera pollinators were the most abundant (427 specimens), followed by Diptera (26) and Lepidoptera (23). Apoidea abundance reached a maximum in August and social bees largely dominate (94.38%). Apis mellifera was the most abundant species, followed by 5 bumblebees, including the endangered Bombus sylvarum. Honeybee visits on L. salicaria were higher in August over the rest of the summer and early autumn, while no differences were detected for bumblebees, Halictidae and Megachilidae. Overall, we support L. salicaria as a suitable species for bee-friendly flower spots in Mediterranean agricultural wetlands, as well as in close proximity of beehives. The latter use may facilitate the honeybees collecting pollen for the colony, thereby ensuring robustness to overcome the winter season. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016
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10. Target and non-target impact of systemic insecticides on a polyphagous aphid pest and its parasitoid

Author: Lucia Zappalà, Nicolas Desneux, Antonio Biondi, Michele Ricupero, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania [Italy], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Integrated pest management, Insecticides, Environmental Engineering, Pyridines, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Toxicology, Neonicotinoids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Imidacloprid, Aphis gossypii, Aphidius colemani, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Sulfoxaflor, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Aphid, Sulfur Compounds, biology, fungi, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Aphididae, General Medicine, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, Nitro Compounds, biology.organism_classification, Hymenoptera, Pollution, 020801 environmental engineering, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Biological Control Agents, chemistry, Biological control, IPM, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Aphids, PEST analysis, Thiamethoxam
Abstract: Systemic insecticides are used to control agricultural pests globally and their non-target impact at non-lethal doses on beneficial arthropods has been recognized. We assessed the baseline toxicity of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor-based insecticides on the polyphagous aphid pest, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their non-target effects on its main parasitoid, Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), evaluated by residual contact exposure to the median lethal (LC50), the low lethal (LC20) and the sublethal (LC1) concentrations of the three tested insecticides, earlier estimated for the target pest. The results showed that the LC(50)s for the aphid were 6.4 x 10(-3), 5 x 10(-3), 2.9 x 10(-2) times lower compared to the label concentrations of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor, respectively. LC50 of thiamethoxam caused the highest mortality rate on the parasitoid followed by sulfoxaflor, while imidacloprid had the lowest impact. No significant sublethal effects on reprodution were observed for A. colemani survived to the insecticide exposure. Our findings highlight the importance of case-specific evaluation to optimize pesticide applications in Integrated Pest Management packages taking into account the ecological services provided by biological control agents. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020
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11. When a Palearctic bacterium meets a Nearctic insect vector: genetic and ecological insights into the emergence of the grapevine Flavescence dorée epidemics in Europe

Author: Malembic-Maher, Sylvie, Desqué, Delphine, Khalil, Dima, Salar, Pascal, Bergey, Bernard, Danet, Jean-Luc, Duret, Sybille, Dubrana-Ourabah, Marie-Pierre, Beven, Laure, Ember, Ibolya, Acs, Zoltan, Della Bartola, Michele, Materazzi, Alberto, Filippin, Luisa, Krnjajic, Slobodan, Krstić, Oliver, Toševski, Ivo, Lang, Friederike, Jarausch, Barbara, Kölber, Maria, Jović, Jelena, Angelini, Elisa, Arricau-Bouvery, Nathalie, Maixner, Michael, Foissac, Xavier, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Genlogs Biodiagnostika Kft, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), European Project, Genlogs Biodiagnosztika Ltd, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Center For Viticulture, CREA, CABI Europe Switzerland, Julius Kühn Institut - Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Obst und Weinbau (JKI), ProdInra, Migration, and Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mollicute phytopathogène, Plant Science, Disease Vectors, Vigne Vitis vinifera, Geographical Locations, Animals, Bacteria, Bacterial Proteins, Epidemics, Europe, Genetic Variation, Hemiptera, Insect Vectors, Phylogeny, Phytoplasma, Plant Diseases, Vitis, santé des plantes, Medicine and Health Sciences, Biology (General), Flowering Plants, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Flavescence dorée de la vigne, Plant Bacterial Pathogens, Eukaryota, Plants, Legumes, Insects, Infectious Diseases, Italy, insect vector, Grapevine, epidemiology, France, Adhesin, Research Article, Arthropoda, QH301-705.5, Beans, Plant Pathogens, Pathologie végétale, Plante fruitière, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, European Union, Grapevine yellows, Bactérie phytopathogène, [SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Plant Pathology, RC581-607, Invertebrates, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Species Interactions, Phytoplasmas, Fruit, People and Places, Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Abstract: Flavescence dorée (FD) is a European quarantine grapevine disease transmitted by the Deltocephalinae leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus. Whereas this vector had been introduced from North America, the possible European origin of FD phytoplasma needed to be challenged and correlated with ecological and genetic drivers of FD emergence. For that purpose, a survey of genetic diversity of these phytoplasmas in grapevines, S. titanus, black alders, alder leafhoppers and clematis were conducted in five European countries. Out of 132 map genotypes, only 11 were associated to FD outbreaks, three were detected in clematis, whereas 127 were detected in alder trees, alder leafhoppers or in grapevines out of FD outbreaks. Most of the alder trees were found infected, including 8% with FD genotypes M6, M38 and M50, also present in alders neighboring FD-free vineyards and vineyard-free areas. The Macropsinae Oncopsis alni could transmit genotypes unable to achieve transmission by S. titanus, while the Deltocephalinae Allygus spp. and Orientus ishidae transmitted M38 and M50 that proved to be compatible with S. titanus. Variability of vmpA and vmpB adhesin-like genes clearly discriminated 3 genetic clusters. Cluster Vmp-I grouped genotypes only transmitted by O. alni, while clusters Vmp-II and -III grouped genotypes transmitted by Deltocephalinae leafhoppers. Interestingly, adhesin repeated domains evolved independently in cluster Vmp-I, whereas in clusters Vmp-II and–III showed recent duplications. Latex beads coated with various ratio of VmpA of clusters II and I, showed that cluster II VmpA promoted enhanced adhesion to the Deltocephalinae Euscelidius variegatus epithelial cells and were better retained in both E. variegatus and S. titanus midguts. Our data demonstrate that most FD phytoplasmas are endemic to European alders. Their emergence as grapevine epidemic pathogens appeared restricted to some genetic variants pre-existing in alders, whose compatibility to S. titanus correlates with different vmp gene sequences and VmpA binding properties., Author summary Since the first outbreaks, Flavescence dorée epidemics had been associated to the introduction of the North American leafhopper vector Scaphoideus titanus. We hereby show that the associated phytoplasma originated from European alders and that epidemics in grapevine are restricted to some phytoplasma genetic variants pre-existing in this wild asymptomatic plant host. The compatibility of this phytoplasma to the introduced S. titanus insect vector resulted from the adaptation of phytoplasma variable membrane proteins Vmps to leafhoppers of the same subfamily living on alders. Vmps organization is similar to adhesion related proteins (ARP) and seems to allow the duplication of pre-adapted repeated domains. This suggests a key role of the Vmp adhesins in the life-style of phytoplasmas infecting woody hosts that rely on the adaptation to new insect vectors to expand their plant-host range.
Published: 2019
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12. Cold-Pressing Olive Oil in the Presence of Cryomacerated Leaves of Olea or Citrus: Nutraceutical and Sensorial Features

Author: Angela Zinnai, Isabella Taglieri, François Luro, Monica Macaluso, Francesca Venturi, Cristina Sgherri, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Mike Frank Quartacci, Luisa Pistelli, Chiara Sanmartin, Franck Curk, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et Tropicales Corse - Antenne Corse (AGAP-Corse), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), project Italia-Francia Marittimo MARE DI AGRUMI Tourist branding and biotechnologies for the development of enterprises on a common resource: CITRUS : CUP C26D16007240007, and Regione Toscana, VALE project : 1 CUP D56G18000160009
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Citrus, Antioxidant, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, medicine.medical_treatment, SPME, Pharmaceutical Science, Orange (colour), phenolic compounds, Chemical Fractionation, Solid-phase microextraction, Analytical Chemistry, sensory profiles, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Discovery, Food science, 0303 health sciences, Olea europaea L, Citrus limon (L, ) Osbeck, Citrus x aurantium L, olive oil, antioxidants, bioactive compounds, GC-MS, biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, 040401 food science, Agricultural sciences, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Olea, Molecular Medicine, Citrus × aurantium L, Article, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, lcsh:QD241-441, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Olive leaf, Nutraceutical, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Phenols, Oleuropein, medicine, SPME/GC-MS, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Plant Leaves, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Odorants, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Sciences agricoles
Abstract: The nutraceutical properties of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) can be further improved by the addition of olive leaves during olive pressing. However, while Citrus leaves are rich sources of bioactive substances, no data are available in the literature about the effect of Citrus leaf addition on the nutraceutical and sensorial profiles of olive oil. This study aimed at comparing the chemical and sensorial qualities of olive oils obtained from ripe olives pressed together with either Olea or Citrus spp. (lemon or orange) cryomacerated leaves. General composition parameters as well as major antioxidants and antioxidant activity were measured. A panel test evaluation, as well as headspace volatile characterization (headspace solid phase microextraction, HS-SPME), were also performed. All data were compared with an EVOO extracted from the same olive batch used as control. It was possible to obtain Leaf Olive Oils (LOOs) characterized by a higher (p &lt, 0.05) content of antioxidants, compared to the control sample, and the highest oleuropein concentration was detected in the olive oil extracted in presence of olive leaf (+50% in comparison with the control). All the LOOs showed a higher smell complexity and the scent of ripe fruit was generally mitigated. Lemon and olive LOOs showed the best smell profile.
Published: 2019
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13. Evolution and comparative genomics of the most common Trichoderma species

Author: Sabrina Sarrocco, Eva M. Kubicek, Andrei Stecca Steindorff, Igor V. Grigoriev, Bernard Henrissat, Qirong Shen, Alan Kuo, Alexey G. Kopchinskiy, Feng Cai, Giovanni Vannacci, Eliane Ferreira Noronha, Gelsomina Manganiello, Christian P. Kubicek, Jian Zhang, Komal Chenthamara, Irina S. Druzhinina, Riccardo Baroncelli, Vienna University of Technology, United States Department of Energy, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli = Second University of Naples, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU), Universidad de Salamanca, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), 2017YFD 0200806, Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) 25613-B20 I-1249, CAPES foundation 99999.001745/2014-00, CNPq 482697/2011-3, 141180/2012-9, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy DE-AC02-05CH11231, Seconda Università degli studi di Napoli, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nanjing Agricultural University, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Kubicek, C. P., Steindorff, A. S., Chenthamara, K., Manganiello, G., Henrissat, B., Zhang, J., Cai, F., Kopchinskiy, A. G., Kubicek, E. M., Kuo, A., Baroncelli, R., Sarrocco, S., Noronha, E. F., Vannacci, G., Shen, Q., Grigoriev, I. V., Druzhinina, I. S., Kubicek C.P., Steindorff A.S., Chenthamara K., Manganiello G., Henrissat B., Zhang J., Cai F., Kopchinskiy A.G., Kubicek E.M., Kuo A., Baroncelli R., Sarrocco S., Noronha E.F., Vannacci G., Shen Q., Grigoriev I.V., and Druzhinina I.S.
Subjects: hypocréales, 0106 biological sciences, enzyme cellulolytique, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Gene loss, Medical and Health Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Orphan, Biopolymers, Clade, Gene gain, Environmental opportunism, 2. Zero hunger, Trichoderma, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ascomycota, Orphans, Hydrolysis, Reproduction, Gene lo, food and beverages, Genomics, Biological Sciences, Ankyrin domains, CAZymes, Core genome, SSCPs, Fungal, CAZyme, Biotechnology, Research Article, Genome evolution, lcsh:QH426-470, Evolution, Bioinformatics, lcsh:Biotechnology, Hypocreales, Genes, Fungal, Biotechnologies, Evolution, Molecular, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Information and Computing Sciences, Genetics, analyse génomique, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Comparative genomics, Human Genome, Molecular, diversité fongique, biology.organism_classification, Carbon, lcsh:Genetics, Genes, Evolutionary biology, Ankyrin domain, Extracellular Space, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Background The growing importance of the ubiquitous fungal genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) requires understanding of its biology and evolution. Many Trichoderma species are used as biofertilizers and biofungicides and T. reesei is the model organism for industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes. In addition, some highly opportunistic species devastate mushroom farms and can become pathogens of humans. A comparative analysis of the first three whole genomes revealed mycoparasitism as the innate feature of Trichoderma. However, the evolution of these traits is not yet understood. Results We selected 12 most commonly occurring Trichoderma species and studied the evolution of their genome sequences. Trichoderma evolved in the time of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene extinction event 66 (±15) mya, but the formation of extant sections (Longibrachiatum, Trichoderma) or clades (Harzianum/Virens) happened in Oligocene. The evolution of the Harzianum clade and section Trichoderma was accompanied by significant gene gain, but the ancestor of section Longibrachiatum experienced rapid gene loss. The highest number of genes gained encoded ankyrins, HET domain proteins and transcription factors. We also identified the Trichoderma core genome, completely curated its annotation, investigated several gene families in detail and compared the results to those of other fungi. Eighty percent of those genes for which a function could be predicted were also found in other fungi, but only 67% of those without a predictable function. Conclusions Our study presents a time scaled pattern of genome evolution in 12 Trichoderma species from three phylogenetically distant clades/sections and a comprehensive analysis of their genes. The data offer insights in the evolution of a mycoparasite towards a generalist. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5680-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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14. The participatory construction of new economic models in short food supply chains

Author: Pedro Lopez Merino, Sarah Millet-Amrani, Yuna Chiffoleau, Adanella Rossi, Marta G. Rivera-Ferre, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Vic, Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Sociology and Political Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Case study, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Development, 01 natural sciences, Short food supply chain, Trajectories, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, case study, Short food supply chain Economic organisation Trajectories Participation Case study, Political science, participation, short food supply chain, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, economic organisation, Economic organisation, business.industry, Participation, 021107 urban & regional planning, Citizen journalism, Short food supply chains, Social constructionism, Solidarity, Economic sociology, Agriculture, General partnership, trajectory, Economic model, Economic system, business
Abstract: While a number of works question the alterity of alternative food chains, little has been said about the social processes under which new economic models are, or may be, developed within the broader movement around ‘short food supply chains’ (SFCs) in Europe. Considering SFCs as economic organisations, we propose an analytical framework based on New Economic Sociology and Convention Theory, enriched by Social and Solidarity Economics, to capture the social construction of new economic models in such chains. We apply this framework to two case studies: an open-air market promoting short food supply chains in France, and a partnership between an agricultural cooperative and several solidarity purchase groups (GAS) in Italy. Analysing the trajectories of the two initiatives, we highlight the processes through which new economic models are jointly built via interactions between different actors. Our results open two lines of discussion: one concerning the ‘new economic models' that emerge from the two cases, a second regarding the actors' participation in elaborating and enacting these new models.
Published: 2019
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15. Life history and functional response to prey density of the flower bug Orius sauteri attacking the fungivorous sciarid fly Lycoriella pleuroti

Author: Fan Zhang, Shou-xian Wang, Su Wang, Xu Chen, Ning Di, Antonio Biondi, Nicolas Desneux, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University (JAU), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0201000, 2018YFD02004], Beijing Science and Technology Program [D171100001617003], Youth Scientific Research Fund of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences [QNJJ201725], Youth Science Foundation, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences [qnjj201410], International Joint Fund Program of BAAFS [GJHZ2016], and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China [BZ0432]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mushroom, Entomology, Larva, predator, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, Functional response, Biological pest control, Zoology, anthocoridae, biological control, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, 010602 entomology, oyster mushroom, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Omnivore, Anthocoridae, Biological control, Development, Oyster mushroom, Predator, Agronomy and Crop Science, development
Abstract: International audience; Seldom have natural enemies been quantified in their ability to control fungivorous arthropods, despite the severe losses they can cause in production of edible fungus. Here, we evaluated the omnivorous predator Orius sauteri (Poppius) when preying on eggs and larvae of the fungivorous sciarid fly Lycoriella pleuroti (Yang et Zhang) and compared against a microencapsulated artificial diet. We also estimated the predation ability of O. sauteri feeding on different densities of L. pleuroti larvae and eggs. The results indicated that O. sauteri successfully oviposit on a mushroom substrate. Moreover, both L. pleuroti eggs and larvae were capable of supporting O. sauteri populations. A type II functional response was observed for both males and females of the predator. Further, moderate values for parameter a (instantaneous attack rate) and greatly reduced T-h (handling time) revealed a high potential for O. sauteri in suppressing outbreaks of L. pleuroti. This is the first report of a generalist predator feeding and developing within an edible mushroom-pest system. O. sauteri is a prime candidate for testing as a biological control agent, either in inoculative or in inundative release, for targeted suppression of the fungivorous sciarid L. pleuroti.
Published: 2019
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16. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author: G. Desir, José María Senciales-González, Patricio Cid, Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez, Luis Merino-Martín, Carla Ferreira, Tíscar Espigares, Miguel A. Campo-Bescós, Albert Solé-Benet, Asunción Romero-Díaz, Julián Martínez-Fernández, Damien Raclot, Damià Vericat, Agata Novara, María Martínez-Mena, C. Le Bouteiller, Encarnación V. Taguas, Francesca Todisco, Antonio Canatário-Duarte, Luciano Mateos, Francesc Gallart, José Andrés López-Tarazón, Susana Bernal, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis, Y. Le Bissonnais, Mariano Moreno-de las Heras, Noemí Lana-Renault, A. Zabaleta, Dhais Peña-Angulo, M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro, Lea Wittenberg, Ramon J. Batalla, Vito Ferro, Susanne Schnabel, Xavier Úbeda, Victor Castillo, Matija Zorn, José Carlos González-Hidalgo, Ramón Bienes, Juan Albaladejo, M.T. Taboada-Castro, Feliciana Licciardello, C. Marín, V. Simonneaux, Óscar González-Pelayo, George P. Karatzas, H. Barhi, Roberto Lázaro, E. Roose, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Joan Estrany, Julián Campo, Elvira Díaz-Pereira, José Luis Rubio, Sébastien Klotz, Artemio Cerdà, Javier Casalí, Vicente Andreu, Helena Gómez-Macpherson, Nicolle Mathys, Yolanda Cantón, Estela Nadal-Romero, Teodoro Lasanta, Nicola Cortesi, Orestis Kairis, Rafael Giménez, Maria Jose Marques, María Fernández-Raga, A. Cheggour, José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, Vincenzo Pampalone, José A. Gómez, Vincenzo Bagarello, Paloma Hueso-Gonzalez, José M. Nicolau, Ana Lucía, N. Moustakas, Costas Kosmas, M. L. Rodríguez-Blanco, Jérôme Latron, E. Gimeno, Juan F. Martínez-Murillo, Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Universidad de Lleida, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Departamento de Geografía, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE), Soil and Water Conservation Research Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Desertification Research Centre, Department of Environmental Quality and Soils, CIDE-CSIC, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts de Tunisie (INRGREF), Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Faculty of Forest Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad Austral de Chile, RIUS, Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, University of Lleida (UL), Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Departamento Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), ISFOOD Institute, Department of Projects and Rural Engineering, Universidad Pública de Navarra, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Center for GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering (GEOBIOTEC), Universidade da Beira Interior, Department of Agronomy (Soil Science Area), University of Almeria, Department of Geography, Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Université de Valence, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Maize Genetics and Genomics Lab, CINVESTAV, Department of Earth Sciences, Centro Nacional de Supercomputación, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, University of Leon, College of Agriculture, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society (CERNAS), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Instituto de Agricultura, INTERRA Research Institute, University of Extremadura, Department of Environment and Planning, Earth Surface Processes Team (ESP) Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Grenoble Alpes (COMUE) (UGA), Area of Physical Geography, DCH, Universidad de la Rioja, Experimental Station of Arid Zones (EEZA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON) Hydrol Connect Res, Dept Geog, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], University of Potsdam, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Instituto Hispano Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias, Universidad de Salamanca, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut d'Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier 3), Université de Montpellier (UM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Bolivie]), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), Physical Geography, Trier University, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], UMR Eco&Sols, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ETSIAM Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Cordoba, Department of Agriculture-Food and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Departamento de Geografía, Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània, University of Barcelona, Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi (UoN), Science and Technology Faculty, Hydro-Environmental Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Geographical Institute, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), MINECO-FEDER [CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, PCIN-2017-061/AEI], Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC [RYC-2013-14371, RYC-2010-06264], Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation [SFRH/BPD/120093/2016], Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from the MEC [IJCI-2015-26463], Vicenc Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government [CAIB PD/038/2016], Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia [2014 SGR 645], CERCA Programme, COST action CONNECTEUR [ES1306], University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Universidade de Aveiro, Universitat de València (UV), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Pena-Angulo D., Nadal-Romero E., Gonzalez-Hidalgo J.C., Albaladejo J., Andreu V., Bagarello V., Barhi H., Batalla R.J., Bernal S., Bienes R., Campo J., Campo-Bescos M.A., Canatario-Duarte A., Canton Y., Casali J., Castillo V., Cerda A., Cheggour A., Cid P., Cortesi N., Desir G., Diaz-Pereira E., Espigares T., Estrany J., Fernandez-Raga M., Ferreira C.S.S., Ferro V., Gallart F., Gimenez R., Gimeno E., Gomez J.A., Gomez-Gutierrez A., Gomez-Macpherson H., Gonzalez-Pelayo O., Hueso-Gonzalez P., Kairis O., Karatzas G.P., Klotz S., Kosmas C., Lana-Renault N., Lasanta T., Latron J., Lazaro R., Le Bissonnais Y., Le Bouteiller C., Licciardello F., Lopez-Tarazon J.A., Lucia A., Marin C., Marques M.J., Martinez-Fernandez J., Martinez-Mena M., Martinez-Murillo J.F., Mateos L., Mathys N., Merino-Martin L., Moreno-de las Heras M., Moustakas N., Nicolau J.M., Novara A., Pampalone V., Raclot D., Rodriguez-Blanco M.L., Rodrigo-Comino J., Romero-Diaz A., Roose E., Rubio J.L., Ruiz-Sinoga J.D., Schnabel S., Senciales-Gonzalez J.M., Simonneaux V., Sole-Benet A., Taguas E.V., Taboada-Castro M.M., Taboada-Castro M.T., Todisco F., Ubeda X., Varouchakis E.A., Vericat D., Wittenberg L., Zabaleta A., Zorn M., Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Runoff, Erosion, Mediterranean basin, Sediment yield, Synoptic weather types, 0207 environmental engineering, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Hydrology (agriculture), Erosão, Produção de sedimentos, Escoamento, Bacia Mediterrânica, Soil retrogression and degradation, ddc:550, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, Sediment, Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Spatial variability, Soil conservation, Surface runoff
Abstract: Este artículo contiene 16 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas., Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) Wand SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures., This research was supported by projects funded by the MINECOFEDER: CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569- R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. When this manuscript was first submitted Estela Nadal-Romero and Damià Vericat received a “Ramón y Cajal” postdoctoral contract (RYC-2013-14371 and RYC‐2010‐06264, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Damià Vericat is now a Serra Húnter Fellow at the University of Lleida. María Fernández-Raga received a “José Castillejo” postdoctoral grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports). Carla Ferreira was supported by a post-doctoral research grant from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (SFRH/ BPD/120093/2016). Mariano Moreno-de las Heras received a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract (IJCI-2015-26463) from the MEC. José Andrés López-Tarazón received a Vicenç Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government (CAIB PD/038/2016). José Andrés López-Tarazón and Ramon Batalla also acknowledge the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUSFluvial Dynamics Research Group), and the CERCA Programme. This paper has benefited from the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306).
Published: 2019
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17. Chemical profiles and insecticidal efficacy of the essential oils from four Thymus taxa growing in central-southern Italy

Author: Nicolas Desneux, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Filippo Maggi, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Roman Pavela, Angelo Canale, Giovanni Benelli, Crop research institute, University of Camerino, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, School of Pharmacy, and Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech RepublicMinistry of Agriculture, Czech Republic [QK1910103]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geranyl acetate, Botanical insecticides, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Thymus spinulosus, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Botany, Carvacrol, Spodoptera littoralis, Thymol, Culex quinquefasciatus, Musca domestica, Essential oil, Larva, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, fungi, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Composition (visual arts), Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Thymus longicaulis subsp. longicaulis, Th. picentinus, Th. spinulosus, and Th. zygiformis var. magellensis are chamaephytes occurring in rocky places of central and southern Italy and are poorly explored for the chemical composition and biological activity of their essential oils. In the present work, we analysed the essential oil composition of twelve samples coming from the aforementioned species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, the taxa producing the highest amounts of essential oil, namely Th. longicaulis subsp. longicaulis and Th. spinulosus, were investigated for the first time for insecticidal efficacy against three target insect species, i.e., the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus and Spodoptera littoralis as well as the adults of Musca domestica. Chemical and principal component (PCA) analyses allowed us to discriminate five main groups of samples, thymol-, carvacrol-, thymol/carvacrol-, geranyl acetate and (E)-nerolidol-types with the ones showing the highest yields (Th. longicaulis subsp. longicaulis and Th spinulosus) being characterized by phenolic monoterpenes. The Th. spinulosus and Th. longicaulis subsp. longicaulis essential oils were assayed for toxicity against the three target insect species showing significant toxic effects, with LC50/LD50 values in the ranges 39.6-87.1 mu g.larva(-1), 21.7-62.4 mu l.L-1 and 35.9-147.3 mu g.adult(-1), for S. littoralis, C. quinquefasciatus and M. domestica, respectively. Notably, the most active samples were those with the highest amounts of thymol that were also obtained from Th. spinulosus plants with the highest yield of essential oils. Overall, our results indicate very prospects for using the essential oil from his. spinulosus in the development of environmentally safe botanical insecticides designed for protection against insects.
Published: 2019
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18. Selectivity of novel and traditional insecticides used for management of whiteflies on the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Author: Chang-Chun Ruan, Xiangbing Yang, Peng Dai, Zhuo Wang, Nicolas Desneux, Lian-Sheng Zang, Antonio Biondi, Jilin Agricultural University (JAU), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFE0104900]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Insecticides, biological control, cyantraniliprole, ecotoxicology, hormesis, integrated pest management, sublethal effects, sulfoxaflor, Agronomy and Crop Science, Insect Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Wasps, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Insect Control, Acetamiprid, Toxicology, Hemiptera, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neonicotinoids, Imidacloprid, Toxicity Tests, Acute, Cyantraniliprole, Animals, Pest Control, Biological, Sulfoxaflor, Encarsia formosa, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, chemistry, Larva, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Abamectin, Female, Pyriproxyfen, Thiamethoxam, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Background Encarsia formosa Gahan is the most important parasitoid exploited for the control of whitefly pests of vegetable crops. However, the non-target effects of recently developed insecticides for controlling whiteflies toward this biocontrol agent is little documented. Here we evaluated the susceptibility of E. formosa adults and juveniles to eight commonly used insecticides against whiteflies. Results Residual toxicity tests on glass showed that E. formosa adults were susceptible (over 98% mortality after 6 h treated) to field concentrations of the tested neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram and thiamethoxam), abamectin, cyantraniliprole, and sulfoxaflor at their field concentrations. Pyriproxyfen was harmless to both adult and pupae of E. formosa. A risk quotient analysis showed that toxicity of pyriproxyfen to E. formosa adults was the lowest, followed by acetamiprid and cyantraniliprole. In the leaf residues test, mortality of E. formosa adults under all insecticides decreased when the residue age increased. Interestingly, E. formosa experiencing contact with the residues of most insecticides, except pyriproxyfen and abamectin, parasitized significantly more hosts 5-days after treatment, suggesting a hormetic effect on parasitism. Conclusion The risk assessment of insecticides indicated that pyriproxyfen and cyantraniliprole were the least toxic to E. formosa. Our results suggest that the inclusion of the insecticides in sustainable integrated pest management programs of whiteflies should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Published: 2018
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19. Impact of the secondary plant metabolite Cucurbitacin B on the demographical traits of the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii

Author: Xueyan Shi, Tisheng Shan, Kangsheng Ma, Hafiz Kamran Yousaf, Xuewei Chen, Xiwu Gao, Nicolas Desneux, Antonio Biondi, Shi, Xueyan, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University (CAU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, National Natural Science Foundation of China [31672045], and Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (SIR project) [RBSI14I02A]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Melon, Offspring, Adult Longevity, media_common.quotation_subject, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cucurbitacin, Longevity, Phytochemicals, Secondary Metabolism, 01 natural sciences, Article, Host-Parasite Interactions, 03 medical and health sciences, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Aphis gossypii, Melon Aphid, Animals, Population dynamics, media_common, Aphid, Multidisciplinary, biology, food and beverages, Gossypii, Fecundity, biology.organism_classification, Triterpenes, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, Cucurbitaceae, 030104 developmental biology, Fertility, Reproductive Duration, Aphids, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Medicine
Abstract: Cucurbitacin B is a natural triterpene present in plants of Cucurbitaceae family, which are among the host plants for melon aphid, Aphis gossypii. In present study we characterized the effects of two cucurbitacin B concentrations on the biological parameters of adults (F0) and of juveniles and adults of their progeny (F1). The results showed that cucurbitacin B at 25 ppm significantly reduced the adult longevity and fecundity of both F0 and F1 generation. Exposure of F0 generation to 25 ppm though reduced the demographic traits of F1 including the intrinsic rate of increase r (day−1), generation time T (day), finite rate of increase λ (day−1), however, only net reproductive rate R0 (offspring/individual) decreased significantly. While 100 ppm reduced not only the longevity and fecundity of F0 generation but also the longevity of F1 generation. Fecundity of F1 was not affected by 100 ppm of cucurbitacin B, however, R0 (offspring/individual) and T (day) of F1 generation were lower than the control population. These results support the hypothesis that high contents of cucurbitacin B caused negative impact on melon aphid and could be used as a lead for classical selection of resistant varieties of plants that are main hosts for the melon aphid.
Published: 2018
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20. Can alternative host plant and prey affect phytophagy and biological control by the zoophytophagous mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis?

Author: Angelo Di Mauro, Agatino Russo, Nicolas Desneux, Gaetano Siscaro, Lucia Zappalà, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, Antonio Biondi, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Tuta absoluta, Sesamum indicum, Dittrichia viscosa, Omnivory, Miridae, Banker plant, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Botany, Sesamum, biology, biology.organism_classification, Gelechiidae, 010602 entomology, Animal ecology, Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important natural enemy of several key arthropod pests. However, in tomato crop this predator can cause economic damage owing to its zoophytophagous behavior. We investigated in laboratory conditions the influence of two alternative plants, Dittrichia viscosa L. (Asteraceae) and Sesamum indicum (L.) (Pedaliaceae), with or without prey, on N. tenuis damage and its biological control services on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs. Both D. viscosa and S. indicum, as companion plants in dual-choice bioassays, significantly reduced the damage of the mirid on tomato. S. indicum was more attractive than D. viscosa for feeding and oviposition and its presence did not interfere with the predation on T. absoluta eggs. We also studied the potential of the three plants as preyless rearing substrate for the mirid, and only S. indicum showed to be a suitable host plant for N. tenuis development and oviposition. The potential applications of S. indicum in N. tenuis field management and mass rearing are discussed.
Published: 2015
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21. The importance and direction of current and future plant-UV research

Author: Barnes, Paul W, Jansen, Marcel A.K., Jenkins, Gareth I, Vandenbussche, F., Brelsford, Craig C, Banaś, Agnieszka Katarzyna, Bilger, Wolfgang, Castagna, Antonella, Festi, Daniela, Gaberščik, Alenka, Germ, Mateja, Golob, Aleksandra, Llorens, Laura, Hauser, Marie-Theres, Martínez-Abaigar, Javier, Morales, Luis O, Neugart, Susanne, Pieristè, Marta, Rai, Neha, Ryan, Louise, Santin, Marco, Seddon, Alistair W.R., Stelzner, Jana, Tavridou, Eleni, Łabuz, Justyna, Robson, Thomas Matthew, Loyola University, New Orleans, School of Biological Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Institute for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology [Helsinki], Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Botanical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Institute of Botany, Division of Systematics, Palynology and Geobotany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Institute of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Lancashire [Preston] (UCLAN), Department Plant Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Department of Agriculture - Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, University of Helsinki, and Pieristè, Marta
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

22. Behavioral asymmetries in the mealybug parasitoid Anagyrus sp near pseudococci: does lateralized antennal tapping predict male mating success?

Author: Giovanni Benelli, Andrea Lucchi, Angelo Canale, Donato Romano, Cesare Stefanini, Nicolas Desneux, Ricardo Ramirez-Romero, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Khalifa University, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Universidad de Guadalajara, BIOCONVITO P.I.F. 'Artigiani del Vino Toscano' (Regione Toscana, Italy)., European Project: 640967,H2020,H2020-FETPROACT-2014,subCULTron(2015), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Entomology, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, Zoology, 01 natural sciences, Parasitoid, Courtship, 03 medical and health sciences, High-speed video analysis, Behavioral ecology, Mating, reproductive and urinary physiology, Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci Biological control Courtship Encyrtidae High-speed video analysis, media_common, Antenna (biology), biology, Ecology, Biological control, Encyrtidae, Agronomy and Crop Science, fungi, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, 030104 developmental biology, Anagyrus, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Anagyrus sp near pseudococci
Abstract: International audience; Lateralization is a fundamental principle of the brain organization widespread among vertebrates but rather unknown in invertebrates. Evidences of lateralized courtship and mating behavioral traits in parasitic wasps are extremely rare. Here, courtship and mating sequences and the presence of mating lateralization in Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci, one of the most effective biological control agents of mealybugs, were investigated. Courtship and mating behavior in A. sp. near pseudococci consisted in the male chasing of the female, pre-copula, copula, and post-copula phases. Males mating success was not related to the duration of chasing and pre-copula. High-speed videos showed population-level lateralization in A. sp. near pseudococci during courtship. Most the wasps used the right antenna to start antennal tapping and this led to a higher mating success, although lateralization had no impact on the frequency of the antennal tapping. Both females and males displayed this behavior. Higher mating success was detected when females displayed antennal tapping during sexual interaction, though male tapping was performed with a slightly higher frequency. To the best of our knowledge, this report on behavioral asymmetries of mating traits in A. sp. near pseudococci represents a quite rare evidence of lateralized behavior in parasitic wasps of economic importance. Our findings add basic knowledge on the behavioral ecology of this biocontrol agent with potential implications on the optimization of mass-rearing procedures aimed at using this parasitoid in Integrated Pest Management.
Published: 2018
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23. Ecology, worldwide spread, and management of the invasive South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta: past, present, and futur

Author: Biondi, Antonio, Guedes, Raul Narciso C., Wan, Fang-Hao, Desneux, Nicolas, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)
Subjects: integrated pest management, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, risk assessment, biological control, alien species, biological invasion, insecticide resistance
Abstract: International audience; The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is native to the western Neotropics. After invading Spain in 2006, it spread rapidly throughout Afro-Eurasia and has become a major threat to world tomato production. Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies have been developed, but widespread insecticide use has caused selection for insecticide resistance as well as undesirable effects on key beneficial arthropods. Augmentation and conservation biological control relying on omnivorous mirid predators has proved successful for management of T. absoluta, where implementation is dependent on abiotic, biotic (e.g., alternative prey), and anthropogenic factors (e.g., pesticides). Research has been carried out on larval parasitoids, showing potential for further development of sustainable control. The development of resistant tomato varieties is ongoing, but they are not commercially available yet. Knowledge gaps remain to be filled to optimize IPM packages on tomato crops and to help prevent further spread worldwide.
Published: 2018
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24. Plant suitability to the South American tomato pinworm and pest-induced resistance in 11 tomato varieties

Author: Tortorici, Simona, Biondi, Antonio, Garzia, G. Tropea, Larbat, Romain, Siscaro, Gaetano, zappala, Lucia, ProdInra, Migration, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

25. Are we ready for the invasion of Tuta absoluta? Unanswered key questions for elaborating an integrated pest management package in Xinjiang, China

Author: De-ying Ma, Yan-nan Zhang, Peng Han, Zhaozhi Lu, Antonio Biondi, Nicolas Desneux, Su Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Mianyang Normal Univ, Partenaires INRAE, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), One Thousand Youth Talents Plan of China [Y77211001], University of Catania (Emergent Pests and Pathogens and Relative Sustainable Strategies) [5A722192113], National Key Research and Development Project of China [2017YFC1200600], European Project: 633999,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,EUCLID(2015), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Integrated pest management, biology, overwinter, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological control, Diapause, Dispersion, Insecticide resistance, Mating disruption, Overwinter, Solanaceae plants, Insect Science, biological control, insecticide resistance, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, diapause, 010602 entomology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, mating disruption, Tuta absoluta, dispersion, China, solanaceae plants, Environmental planning
Abstract: International audience; The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an invasive destructive pest of tomato and other solanaceous plants. Since its first detection in Spain in 2006, the pest has started its invasion across the Afro-Eurasian super-continent. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, adjacent to the recently infested central-Asia countries, being the largest tomato growing region worldwide, is now under high invasion risk. Considering the importance of this issue, we must plan ahead to be fully prepared for the potential invasion of this pest in near future. In this paper, we call for upcoming studies to address several aspects including the overwintering biology, diapause, dispersion, population ecology in outdoor crops and insecticide resistance of invading populations. Moreover, the effective management options are proposed based on the control experience in its native range and recently infested countries. Our "look-ahead" proposal not only serves as a guideline for elaborating the pest management strategy in Xinjiang in near future, but can also interest the rest of the tomato-producing regions worldwide that have not been infested yet by the moth.
Published: 2018
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26. A new era for Entomologia Generalis

Author: Desneux, Nicolas, Biondi, Antonio, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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27. Author Correction: Citrus peel essential oil nanoformulations to control the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta: chemical properties and biological activity

Author: Patrizia Di Pietro, Lorena Maria Cucci, Lucia Zappalà, Agatino Russo, Asma Cherif, Gaetano Siscaro, Kaouthar Grissa-Lebdi, Vincenzo Palmeri, Orlando Campolo, Nicolas Desneux, Antonio Biondi, Cristina Satriano, Michele Ricupero, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, University of Catania [Italy], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Zappala, Lucia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Citrus, Drug Compounding, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Solanum lycopersicum, law, Oils, Volatile, Animals, Particle Size, Author Correction, Pest Control, Biological, lcsh:Science, Essential oil, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, lcsh:R, biology.organism_classification, Biotechnology, Lepidoptera, 030104 developmental biology, Larva, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Nanoparticles, Tuta absoluta, Biological Assay, lcsh:Q, business
Abstract: The repeated use of conventional synthetic pesticides in crop protection leads to resistance development by pests along with a negative impact on the environment, particularly non-target arthropods. Plant-derived active compounds, such as essential oils (EOs), play a key role in sustainably controlling pests. The lethal and sublethal activity of citrus peel EOs as emulsions and included in polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles (EO-NPs) was determined against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta. Their effects on the plants were also assessed. The results showed an overall good insecticidal activity of the compounds tested, with a higher mortality through contact on eggs and larvae by EO emulsions and through ingestion on larvae by EO-NPs. The nanoformulation also significantly reduced the visible toxic effects on the plants. The data collected suggest that these natural compounds, especially when nanoformulated, could be successfully used in integrated pest management programs for T. absoluta.
Published: 2018
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28. SNP co-association and network analyses identify E2F3, KDM5A and BACH2 as key regulators of the bovine milk fatty acid profile

Author: Giovanni Bittante, Giuseppe Conte, Marcello Mele, Sara Pegolo, Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas, Christos Dadousis, Núria Mach, Stefano Schiavon, Alessio Cecchinato, Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Trento Province (Italy), Italian Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders Association (ANARB, Verona, Italy), Superbrown Consortium of Bolzano and Trento, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, and Pegolo, Sara
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mammary gland, lcsh:Medicine, multivariate factor-analysis, biological pathway analysis, dairy-cows, GWAS, Gene Regulatory Networks, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, chemistry.chemical_classification, milk, Multidisciplinary, bovine, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Milk Proteins, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, gas-chromatography, Female, Genotype, Quantitative Trait Loci, SNP, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, milk, bovine, fatty acids, Brown Swiss, GWAS, SNP, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, fatty acids, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, nutrient recovery, medicine, Animals, Brown Swiss, Protein kinase A, Genetic association, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, lcsh:R, 0402 animal and dairy science, Fatty acid, Lipid metabolism, mammary epithelial-cells, Lipid Metabolism, 040201 dairy & animal science, gene-expression, cattle breeds, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, 030104 developmental biology, danish holstein, chemistry, genome-wide association, Cattle, lcsh:Q, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: The fatty acid (FA) profile has a considerable impact on the nutritional and technological quality of milk and dairy products. The molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of fat metabolism in bovine mammary gland have been not completely elucidated. We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) across 65 milk FAs and fat percentage in 1,152 Brown Swiss cows. In total, we identified 175 significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) spanning all chromosomes. Pathway analyses revealed that 12:0 was associated with the greatest number of overrepresented categories/pathways (e.g. mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and protein phosphorylation), suggesting that it might play an important biological role in controlling milk fat composition. An Associated Weight Matrix approach based on SNP co-associations predicted a network of 791 genes related to the milk FA profile, which were involved in several connected molecular pathways (e.g., MAPK, lipid metabolism and hormone signalling) and undetectable through standard GWAS. Analysis of transcription factors and their putative target genes within the network identified BACH2, E2F3 and KDM5A as key regulators of milk FA metabolism. These findings contribute to increasing knowledge of FA metabolism and mammary gland functionality in dairy cows and may be useful in developing targeted breeding practices to improve milk quality.
Published: 2017
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29. A genetic score for the prediction of beta-thalassemia severity

Author: Franco Anni, Marcella Francavilla, Elisabetta Mereu, Joseph Borg, Philippe Joly, Gian Luca Forni, Isabelle Thuret, Serge Pissard, Franca Rosa Demartis, Catherine Badens, Matteo Manca, Stefania Satta, Laura Manunza, Paolo Moi, Renzo Galanello, A. Piga, Maria Carla Sollaino, Giuseppe Marceddu, Fabrice Danjou, Maria Eliana Lai, Raffaella Origa, Lucia Perseu, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Star*AgroEnergy Research Unit, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Foggia - University of Foggia, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA647) (CRIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon
Subjects: Male, Oncology, Genetics -- Study and teaching, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genome-wide association study, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, beta-Globins, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Bioinformatics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, Blood -- Transfusion, Chromosome polymorphism, Internal medicine, Fetal hemoglobin, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, Blood Transfusion, Genetic Association Studies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Retrospective Studies, Receiver operating characteristic, beta-Thalassemia, Genetic Variation, Beta thalassemia, Retrospective cohort study, Articles, Hematology, Prognosis, Thalassemia -- Diagnosis, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Genetic Loci, Mutation, Cohort, DNA, Intergenic, Female
Abstract: Clinical and hematologic characteristics of beta(β)-thalassemia are determined by several factors resulting in a wide spectrum of severity. Phenotype modulators are: HBB mutations, HBA defects and fetal hemoglobin production modulators (HBG2:g.-158C>T polymorphism, HBS1L-MYB intergenic region and the BCL11A). We characterized 54 genetic variants at these five loci robustly associated with the amelioration of beta-thalassemia phenotype, to build a predictive score of severity using a representative cohort of 890 β-thalassemic patients. Using Cox proportional hazard analysis on a training set, we assessed the effect of these loci on the age at which patient started regular transfusions, built a Thalassemia Severity Score, and validated it on a testing set. Discriminatory power of the model was high (C-index=0.705; R(2)=0.343) and the validation conducted on the testing set confirmed its predictive accuracy with transfusion-free survival probability (P, peer-reviewed
Published: 2014
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30. Pre-infestation of Tomato Plants by Aphids Modulates Transmission-Acquisition Relationship among Whiteflies, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) and Plants

Author: Xiao L. Tan, Ju L. Chen, Giovanni Benelli, Nicolas Desneux, Xue Q. Yang, Tong X. Liu, Feng Ge, State key laboratory of Integrated Management of pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and the Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Management on the Losses Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Northeastern University [Shenyang], National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (grant No. 2013CB127605), the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest (grant Nos. 201303024 and 201303108), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB11050400), the National Nature Science Fund of China (grant No. 31370438), the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture 201303019) and the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents (Grant No. ChineseIPM1611), State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, aleurode, salicylic acid, TaqMan Real-Time PCR, systemic induced defense, Bemisia tabaci, Myzus persicae, electrical penetration graph, jasmonic acid, signaling pathways, Context (language use), Whitefly, Plant Science, lcsh:Plant culture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, infestation des plantes, bemisia tabaci, Plant virus, Electrical penetration graph, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, graphe de pénétration électrique, Original Research, interaction plante hôte puceron, 2. Zero hunger, Aphid, myzus persicae, Vegetal Biology, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, mécanisme de signalisation, acide salicylique, 030104 developmental biology, Leaf curl, Biologie végétale, feuille jaune, 010606 plant biology & botany, acide jasmonique
Abstract: Herbivory defense systems in plants are largely regulated by jasmonate-(JA) and salicylate-(SA) signaling pathways. Such defense mechanisms may impact insect feeding dynamic, may also affect the transmission-acquisition relationship among virus, plants and vectoring insects. In the context of the tomato – whitefly – Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) biological model, we tested the impact of pre-infesting plants with a non-vector insect (aphid Myzus persicae) on feeding dynamics of a vector insect (whitefly Bemisia tabaci) as well as virus transmission-acquisition. We showed that an aphid herbivory period of 0–48 h led to a transient systemic increase of virus concentration in the host plant (root, stem, and leaf), with the same pattern observed in whiteflies feeding on aphid-infested plants. We used real-time quantitative PCR to study the expression of key genes of the SA- and JA-signaling pathways, as well as electrical penetration graph (EPG) to characterize the impact of aphid pre-infestation on whitefly feeding during TYLCV transmission (whitefly to tomato) and acquisition (tomato to whitefly). The impact of the duration of aphid pre-infestation (0, 24, or 48 h) on phloem feeding by whitefly (E2) during the transmission phase was similar to that of global whitefly feeding behavior (E1, E2 and probing duration) during the acquisition phase. In addition, we observed that a longer phase of aphid pre-infestation prior to virus transmission by whitefly led to the up-regulation and down-regulation of SA- and JA-signaling pathway genes, respectively. These results demonstrated a significant impact of aphid pre-infestation on the tomato – whitefly – TYLCV system. Transmission and acquisition of TYLCV was positively correlated with feeding activity of B. tabaci, and both were mediated by the SA- and JA-pathways. TYLCV concentration during the transmission phases was modulated by up- and down-regulation of SA- and JA-pathways, respectively. The two pathways were inconsistent during the acquisition phase; SA- related genes were up-regulated, whereas those up- and down-stream of the JA pathway showed a more complex relationship. These findings enhance our understanding of plant – herbivore – virus interactions, which are potentially important for development of ecologically sound pest and pathogen management programs.
Published: 2017
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31. Geographic Variation of Diapause Induction Rates in Trichogramma drendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in China

Author: Giovanni Benelli, Nicolas Desneux, Lian-Sheng Zang, Chang-Chun Ruan, Jun-Jie Zhang, Du Wenmei, Engn Res Ctr Nat Enemy Insects, Inst Biol Control, Jilin Agricultural University (JAU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dept Agr Food & Environm, Insect Behav Grp, University of Pisa, National Natural Science Foundation of China 31572058, National Basic Research Program of China 2013CB127605, University of Pisa, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment COFIN2015_ 22, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, China, Population, Wasps, Biological pest control, trichogramma dendrolimi, biological control, Hymenoptera, Biology, Diapause, Moths, Diapause, Insect, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Parasitoid, incitation, inducing period, Animals, thermal effect, induction diapause, education, variation géographique, parasitoid, Abiotic component, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Geography, facteur abiotique, parasitoïde, abiotic factor, temperature, General Medicine, effet thermique, biology.organism_classification, incentive, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, Trichogrammatidae, Insect Science, Larva, Trichogramma, contrôle biologique
Abstract: Diapause variation is a key factor affecting the development and success of parasitoids employed as biological control agents. Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura is mass-reared for biocontrol purposes in several countries around the world. Here we investigated the rate of diapause induction in three populations of T. dendrolimi from different regions in China: Heilongjiang (44 degrees 55' N, 128 degrees 26' E; HLJ), Liaoning (40 degrees 18' N, 123 degrees 22' E; LN), and Jiangsu province (32 degrees 30' N, 120 degrees 09' E; JS). We measured the rates of diapause induction for populations from each region when exposed to temperatures of 8, 10, 12, and 14 degrees C, for periods ranging from 5 to 35 d. Results showed that both the temperature and exposure duration influenced diapause induction in the three populations of T. dendrolimi. The HLJ and LN populations showed the highest percentage of diapause under 12 and 10 degrees C, regardless of time period tested. After 20 d at 12 and 10 degrees C, 97.42% and 95.94% of individuals of HLJ and LN, respectively, entered diapause. After treatment for 20-35 d under 8 degrees C, or 15-25 d under 10 degrees C, the diapause rate of LN was higher than those of the other two populations. In contrast, the higher temperatures (1214 degrees C) induced diapause rapidly and steadily in HLJ. The diapause rate of JS was low for all temperatures and time periods. After 30 d at 12 degrees C, the JS population reached its highest diapause rate (29.56%). Our results showed significant variance in diapause rates among geographically distinct populations of T. dendrolimi in response to various abiotic conditions.
Published: 2017
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32. From the Western Palaearctic region to beyond: Tuta absoluta 10 years after invading Europe

Author: Mateus R. Campos, Abhijin Adiga, Nicolas Desneux, Raul Narciso C. Guedes, Antonio Biondi, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], H-SFS EUCLID 633999, RBSI14I02A, USAID AID-OAA-L-15-00001, IPM Innovation Lab Insect Modeling AID-OAA-14-000018, European Project: 318246, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidade Federal de Lavras = Federal University of Lavras (UFLA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, palearctic region, Invasive pest, quarantaine, Introduced species, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, South American tomato pinworm, law.invention, law, Quarantine, amérique du sud, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, biology, Agroforestry, business.industry, Pest control, quarantine, Western Palaearctic, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Gelechiidae, tuta absoluta, plague, peste, lutte contre les ravageurs, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 010602 entomology, pest management, Agriculture, Insect Science, Biological control, Tuta absoluta, région palearctique, Rhopalocera, lepidoptera, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, contrôle biologique, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a devastating pest currently threatening the global tomato industry worldwide. In the last 10 years, it has spread and expanded to most of Europe, Africa and Asia, causing extensive damage to the crop itself and to the international tomato trade. With the aim of providing an overview of the current knowledge on this pest, we have briefly reviewed the available literature relying on its spread, quarantine, modeling and management. Finally, we have underlined the gaps in knowledge and provided several recommendations on how to achieve sustainable control as well as how to prevent further spread into unaffected areas.
Published: 2017
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33. Sublethal and hormesis effects of beta-cypermethrin on the biology, life table parameters and reproductive potential of soybean aphid Aphis glycines

Author: Dunlun Song, Junjie Liu, Xiwu Gao, Nicolas Desneux, Lifang Song, Yanyan Qu, Da Xiao, Zhou Chen, Giovanni Benelli, Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University (CAU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, and National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272077]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Biological traits, Insecticides, Sublethal concentration, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Integrated Pest Management, Hormesis, Pyrethrins, Toxicity Tests, Animals, Population dynamics, Soybean aphid, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Demographic parameter, Pest resurgence, Aphids, Reproduction, Soybeans, Aphid, biology, food and beverages, General Medicine, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, Acute toxicity, 010602 entomology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PEST analysis
Abstract: Beta-cypermethrin has long been recommended as an effective pesticide to control the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, a serious pest in soybean crops. Besides acute toxicity, it leads to changes in life history traits of A. glycines, notably its reproductive potential. This study has assessed the effects of five sublethal concentrations (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 µg/L) of beta-cypermethrin on different life history traits of A. glycines. Exposure to these concentrations caused shorter oviposition period and reduced adult longevity. The strongest stimulatory effect on aphid reproduction was achieved when exposed to a higher sublethal beta-cypermethrin concentration (5 µg/L). Net reproduction rate (R 0 ), intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) and finite rate of increase (λ) were significantly higher than that of the control, increasing by 20.58, 4.89 and 2.06%, respectively. We found no significant difference in mean generation time (T) between the treatment of 5 µg/L beta-cypermethrin and the control. However, when the concentration increased to 10 µg/L, the reproduction behavior was restrained and the mean generation time (T) was shortened, resulting in significant decrease in R 0 and T by 16.58 and 3.83%, respectively. In conclusion, a sublethal concentration (5 µg/L) of beta-cypermethrin triggered the strongest hormesis on A.glycines, thus providing valuable knowledge on the sublethal effects of this insecticide on soybean aphids. Hormesis may be one of the mechanisms underlying pest resurgences, and better knowledge would enable a more effective use of insecticides in Integrated Pest Management programs.
Published: 2017
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34. Comparing the sustainability of local and global food products in Europe

Author: Davide Menozzi, Francesca Galli, Andrea Marescotti, Jean-Marc Touzard, Emilia Schmitt, Damian Maye, Johan Six, Gianluca Brunori, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute Agricultural Science (ETH Zurich), Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Countryside and Community Research Institute, University of Gloucestershire, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Economics and Management, University of Florence (UNIFI), European Project: 311778, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture - Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI)
Subjects: global food, S1, 020209 energy, Strategy and Management, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, local food, 12. Responsible consumption, multi-criteria analysis, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Economics, Product (category theory), Sustainability organizations, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Public economics, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Corporate governance, Environmental resource management, sustainability, Climate change mitigation, 13. Climate action, Sustainability, Food systems, Psychological resilience, food system, business, Strengths and weaknesses, Local food Global food Sustainability Multi-criteria analysis Outranking Localness
Abstract: In the debate surrounding the sustainable future of food, claims like “buy local” are widespread in publications and the media, supported by the discourse that buying “local food” provides ecological, health and socio-economic benefits. Recognising the lack of scientific evidence for this claim, this paper aims to compare the results of sustainability assessments for 14 local and global food products in four sectors within four European countries. Each sector has been analysed independently using sustainability indicators across five dimensions of sustainability: environmental, economic, social, health and ethics. In order to determine if local products generally perform better, an outranking analysis was conducted to rank the products relative to their sustainability performance. Outranking is a multi-criteria decision aid method that allows comparison of alternatives based on quantitative and qualitative indicators at different scales. Each product is also characterized by a degree of localness in order to relate sustainability and localness. The results are given in the form of phi flows, which are relative preference scores of one product compared to other ones in the same sector. The rankings showed that global products consistently come last in terms of sustainability, even when the preference functions and weighting of the indicators were varied. The first positions of the rankings were taken either by the most local or an intermediary product. Moreover, detailed rankings at the attribute level showed the relative strengths and weaknesses of each food product along the local-global continuum. It appeared that the strength of local and intermediary products was mainly in health and socio-economic dimensions, particularly aspects of care and links to the territory such as biodiversity, animal welfare, governance or resilience. In relation to global food products, they presented substantial advantages in terms of climate change mitigation and affordability to consumers. This contrasts with the food-miles ecological claim. Thus, we conclude that distance is not the most critical factor in improving sustainability of food products, and that other criteria of localness (identity, governance or size) play a more critical role.
Published: 2017
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35. Insights into food webs associated with the South American tomato pinworm

Author: Mario, Naselli, Antonio, Biondi, Giovanna, Tropea Garzia, Nicolas, Desneux, Agatino, Russo, Gaetano, Siscaro, Lucia, Zappalà, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7 under REA [318246], Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (PRIN project) [2010CXXHJE_004], University of Catania (FIR) [ABAA52], University of Catania, Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (SIR project 'ENTOBIONANO') [RBSI14I02A], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Food Chain, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Wasps, trophic network, Necremnus tutae, Moths, Host-Parasite Interactions, Heteroptera, Solanum lycopersicum, intraguild interaction, Larva, Predatory Behavior, mirid predator, Animals, Bracon nigricans, tomato borer, Introduced Species
Abstract: The complexity of both natural and managed ecosystems involves various forms of interaction among organisms. Two or more species that exploit the same resource can engage in competitive behaviours, usually referred to as intraguild interactions. These can be direct, i.e. one species feeds directly upon the competitor (intraguild predation) or indirect, e.g. when the dominant organism competes for a food source that another organism is feeding upon (kleptoparasitism). We investigated the potential for such interactions in a biological model composed by the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta, and three of its newly associated natural enemies: the zoophytophagous predator Nesidiocoris tenuis and the two idiobiont ectoparasitoids Bracon nigricans and Necremnus tutae.N. tenuis was shown (i) to scavenge on parasitised T. absoluta larvae and (ii) directly to attack and feed upon larvae of both parasitoid species, although at a higher percentage in the case of N. tutae. In the presence of the host plant, the predator reduced the emergence of both B. nigricans and N. tutae adults significantly.This study stresses the ecological success of a generalist predator over indigenous parasitoids attacking an invasive pest. Moreover, these findings provide potential elements for better design of biological control programmes against T. absoluta. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Published: 2017
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36. Citrus peel essential oil nanoformulations to control the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta: chemical properties and biological activity

Author: Lorena Maria Cucci, Orlando Campolo, Cristina Satriano, Agatino Russo, Antonio Biondi, Kaouthar Grissa-Lebdi, Lucia Zappalà, Patrizia Di Pietro, Michele Ricupero, Nicolas Desneux, Vincenzo Palmeri, Gaetano Siscaro, Asma Cherif, Dipartimento AGRARIA, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Laboratoire d’Entomologie-Acarologie, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, propriété chimique, lcsh:Medicine, biological activity, huiles essentielles, arthropods, 01 natural sciences, environmental impact, Article, law.invention, activité biologique, law, résistance aux pesticides, Bioassay, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, arthropode, lcsh:Science, Essential oil, pesticide, 2. Zero hunger, Vegetal Biology, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, lcsh:R, fungi, Pest control, food and beverages, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, tuta absoluta, pyrale, Crop protection, Biotechnology, lutte contre les ravageurs, formulation aromatique, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, pest management, impact environnemental, Tuta absoluta, lcsh:Q, PEST analysis, formulation de l'aliment, business, resistance to pesticides, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The repeated use of conventional synthetic pesticides in crop protection leads to resistance development by pests along with a negative impact on the environment, particularly non-target arthropods. Plant-derived active compounds, such as essential oils (EOs), play a key role in sustainably controlling pests. The lethal and sublethal activity of citrus peel EOs as emulsions and included in polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles (EO-NPs) was determined against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta. Their effects on the plants were also assessed. The results showed an overall good insecticidal activity of the compounds tested, with a higher mortality through contact on eggs and larvae by EO emulsions and through ingestion on larvae by EO-NPs. The nanoformulation also significantly reduced the visible toxic effects on the plants. The data collected suggest that these natural compounds, especially when nanoformulated, could be successfully used in integrated pest management programs for T. absoluta.
Published: 2017
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37. Nanoparticles for pest control: current status and future perspectives

Author: P. Usha Rani, Giovanni Benelli, Nicolas Desneux, Christos G. Athanassiou, Dusan Losic, Nickolas G. Kavallieratos, University of Thessaly, Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), School of chemical engineering, University of Adelaide, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Partenaires INRAE, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Green synthesis, Nanotechnology, Nanotoxicity, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Broad category, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nanopesticides, Ecology, business.industry, Pest control, Nanoencapsulation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Crop protection, Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Nanoinsecticides, Biochemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, Urban environment
Abstract: International audience; In the current paper, we reviewed the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in crop protection, emphasizing the control of pests in the agricultural and urban environment. At the same time, we provide the framework on which the technology of NPs is based and the various categories of NPs that are currently used for pest control. Apart from the use of NPs as carriers of a broad category of active ingredients, including insecticides and pheromones, some NPs can be used successfully as insecticides alone. Moreover, several types of NPs are produced by natural resource-based substances, which make them promising "green" alternatives to the use of traditional pest control agents. Finally, the potentials in the use of NPs are briefly illustrated and discussed.
Published: 2017
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38. Correction to: Botanical insecticide and natural enemies: a potential combination for pest management against Tuta absoluta

Author: Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Mateus R. Campos, Nicolas Desneux, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Lucia Zappalà, Antonio Biondi, Luis C. Passos, Marianne A. Soares, Marcelo Mendes Haro, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Federal University of Lavras, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Dipartimento Agricoltura Alimentaz & Ambiente, and Università degli Studi di Catania (UniCT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, 010602 entomology, biology, Agroforestry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Tuta absoluta, Natural enemies, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: In the original publication of the article, the authors have inadvertently missed to include a statement in the Acknowledgement section and the corrected version is given below.
Published: 2019
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39. Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity

Author: Akon Higuchi, Kadarkarai Murugan, Marcello Nicoletti, Pari Madhiyazhagan, Jayapal Subramaniam, Abdullah A. Alarfaj, S. Suresh Kumar, Murugan A. Munusamy, Devakumar Dinesh, Nicolas Desneux, Udaiyan Suresh, Mathath Roni, Al Thabiani Aziz, Giovanni Benelli, Rajapandian Rajaganesh, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Bharathiar University, University of Tabuk, Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, National Central University, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University Grant Commission (New Delhi, India) [PDFSS-2014-15-SC-TAM-8566], and Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University [RG-1435-065]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Insecticides, Apiole, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry.chemical_compound, Rutin, Smoke toxicity, X-Ray Diffraction, Nanotechnology, chemistry.chemical_classification, General Medicine, 030108 mycology & parasitology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Phytochemical, Fecundity, Larva, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Veterinary (all), Antioxidant, Quercetin, Mosquito-borne diseases, Silver, Longevity, Plasmodium falciparum, Biology, Anophelinae, Nanosynthesis, Animals, Anopheles, Antimalarials, Humans, Malaria, Nanoparticles, Plant Extracts, Plant Leaves, Pteridium, Parasitology, Insect Science, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Phenols, Anopheles stephensi, Chromatography, General Veterinary, fungi, Glycoside, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Pteridium aquilinum
Abstract: International audience; Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to chloroquine. There is an urgent need to investigate new and effective sources of antimalarial drugs. This research proposed a novel method of fern-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using a cheap plant extract of Pteridium aquilinum, acting as a reducing and capping agent. AgNP were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical analysis of P. aquilinum leaf extract revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. LC/MS analysis identified at least 19 compounds, namely pterosin, hydroquinone, hydroxy-acetophenone, hydroxy-cinnamic acid, 5, 7-dihydroxy-4-methyl coumarin, trans-cinnamic acid, apiole, quercetin 3-glucoside, hydroxy-L-proline, hypaphorine, khellol glucoside, umbelliferose, violaxanthin, ergotamine tartrate, palmatine chloride, deacylgymnemic acid, methyl laurate, and palmitoyl acetate. In DPPH scavenging assays, the IC50 value of the P. aquilinum leaf extract was 10.04 mu g/ml, while IC50 of BHT and rutin were 7.93 and 6.35 mu g/ml. In mosquitocidal assays, LC50 of P. aquilinum leaf extract against Anopheles stephensi larvae and pupae were 220.44 ppm (larva I), 254.12 ppm (II), 302.32 ppm (III), 395.12 ppm (IV), and 502.20 ppm (pupa). LC50 of P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP were 7.48 ppm (I), 10.68 ppm (II), 13.77 ppm (III), 18.45 ppm (IV), and 31.51 ppm (pupa). In the field, the application of P. aquilinum extract and AgNP (10 x LC50) led to 100 % larval reduction after 72 h. Both the P. aquilinum extract and AgNP reduced longevity and fecundity of An. stephensi adults. Smoke toxicity experiments conducted against An. stephensi adults showed that P. aquilinum leaf-, stem-, and root-based coils evoked mortality rates comparable to the permethrin-based positive control (57, 50, 41, and 49 %, respectively). Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of P. aquilinum leaf extract and green-synthesized AgNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of P. falciparum. IC50 of P. aquilinum were 62.04 mu g/ml (CQ-s) and 71.16 mu g/ml (CQ-r); P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP achieved IC50 of 78.12 mu g/ml (CQ-s) and 88.34 mu g/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results highlighted that fern-synthesized AgNP could be candidated as a new tool against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum and different developmental instars of its primary vector An. stephensi. Further research on nanosynthesis routed by the LC/MS-identified constituents is ongoing.
Published: 2016
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40. Toward a functional integration of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis for a sustainable resource management. Comparison between solid-digestate and its derived pyrochar as soil amendment

Author: Anastasia Zabaniotou, Matteo Francavilla, Abdellatif Barakat, Angela Libutti, Cecilia Sambusiti, Abderrahim Solhy, N. Antoniou, Florian Monlau, Massimo Monteleone, Star*AgroEnergy Research Unit, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Foggia - University of Foggia, Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biomass Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Centre for Advanced Material, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, European Project: 286269,EC:FP7:REGPOT,FP7-REGPOT-2011-1,STAR-AGROENERGY(2011), Università degli Studi di Foggia = University of Foggia (Unifg), and Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique [Ben Guerir] (UM6P)
Subjects: Carbon sequestration, 020209 energy, Digestate, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, complex mixtures, Soil quality, 12. Responsible consumption, Anaerobic digestion, Biochar, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 2. Zero hunger, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental engineering, Building and Construction, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, Soil conditioner, General Energy, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Pyrolysis
Abstract: The integration of different technologies acts as a leverage in boosting “circular economy” and improving resource use efficiency. In this respect, the coupling of anaerobic digestion with pyrolysis was the focus of this work. Solid-digestate obtained from anaerobic digestion was addressed to supply pyrolysis thus increasing the net energy gains and obtaining “biochar” (called “pyrochar” in our case) to be used as soil amendment alternatively to solid-digestate. The current interest on biochar is linked to its long-term soil carbon sequestration, thus contributing to global warming mitigation. A parallel detailed screening of the physical and chemical properties of both solid-digestate and pyrochar was performed, inferring their effects on soil quality. Results showed that while P and K are enriched in pyrochar, total N showed no significant differences. Heavy metals revealed higher concentrations in pyrochar, but always largely below the biochar quality thresholds. Pyrochar exhibited a higher surface area (49–88 m 2 g −1 ), a greater water holding capacity (352–366%), and a more recalcitrant carbon structure. Both solid-digestate and pyrochar showed good soil amendments properties but with complementary effects. Although starting from the same biomass, being the original feedstock processed differently, their ability to improve the physical and chemical soil properties has proved to be different. While several other soil improvers of organic origin can substitute digestate, the important role played by biochar appears not-replaceable considering its precious “carbon negative” action.
Published: 2016
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41. Are local food chains more sustainable than global food chains? Considerations for assessment

Author: Mario Giampietro, Francesca Galli, Jean-Marc Touzard, Julie Smith, Talis Tisenkopfs, Dominique Barjolle, Zaklina Stojanovic, Carin Rougoor, Gianluca Brunori, Damian Maye, Erik Mathijs, Jana Schwarz, Luca Colombo, Tim Lang, James Kirwan, Rudolf van Broekhuizen, Emilia Schmitt, Kees de Roest, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Rural Sociology Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca in Agricoltura Biologica e Biodinamica, Partenaires INRAE, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Countryside and Community Research Institute, University of Gloucestershire, City University London, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centro Ricerche Produzioni Animali (CRPA), Centre for Agriculture and Environment Foundation, University of Belgrade, University of Latvia (LU), Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Gianluca Brunori, European Project: 311778,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2012-6-singlestage,GLAMUR(2013), Galli, Francesca, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: HD, assessment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geography, Planning and Development, HB, 0211 other engineering and technologies, WASS, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, SB175_Food, local, global, food supply chain, sustainability, reflexive governance, post-normal science, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 11. Sustainability, Economics, GE1-350, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Management science, Corporate governance, 021107 urban & regional planning, Global, Rural Sociology, Local, Sustainability, Food supply chain, Food systems, Rurale Sociologie, Reflexive governance, S1, Process (engineering), Best practice, Supply chain, media_common.quotation_subject, TJ807-830, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Assessment, TD194-195, 12. Responsible consumption, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Post-normal science, Environmental economics, Deliberation, Environmental sciences, 13. Climate action
Abstract: © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This paper summarizes the main findings of the GLAMUR project which starts with an apparently simple question: is "local" more sustainable than "global"? Sustainability assessment is framed within a post-normal science perspective, advocating the integration of public deliberation and scientific research. The assessment spans 39 local, intermediate and global supply chain case studies across different commodities and countries. Assessment criteria cover environmental, economic, social, health and ethical sustainability dimensions. A closer view of the food system demonstrates a highly dynamic local-global continuum where actors, while adapting to a changing environment, establish multiple relations and animate several chain configurations. The evidence suggests caution when comparing "local" and "global" chains, especially when using the outcomes of the comparison in decision-making. Supply chains are analytical constructs that necessarily-and arbitrarily-are confined by system boundaries, isolating a set of elements from an interconnected whole. Even consolidated approaches, such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), assess only a part of sustainability attributes, and the interpretation may be controversial. Many sustainability attributes are not yet measurable and "hard" methodologies need to be complemented by "soft" methodologies which are at least able to identify critical issues and trade-offs. Aware of these limitations, our research shows that comparing local and global chains, with the necessary caution, can help overcome a prioripositions that so far have characterized the debate between "localists" and "globalists". At firm level, comparison between "local" and "global" chains could be useful to identify best practices, benchmarks, critical points, and errors to avoid. As sustainability is not a status to achieve, but a never-ending process, comparison and deliberation can be the basis of a "reflexive governance" of food chains. ispartof: Sustainability vol:8 issue:5 status: published
Published: 2016
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42. Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the predatory seven-spot ladybird beetle Coccinella septempunctata

Author: Xiaojun Guo, Mengmeng Qu, Weigang Zhai, Da Xiao, Hongying Chen, Antonio Biondi, Su Wang, Fan Zhang, Jing Zhao, Nicolas Desneux, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973 program) [2013CB127605], Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303108], and Beijing Novo Program [z121105002512039]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Insecticides, Population dynamics, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neonicotinoids, Generalist predator, Imidacloprid, Juvenile, Neonicotinoid, Animals, Predator, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Imidazoles, General Medicine, Fecundity, biology.organism_classification, Nitro Compounds, Coccinella septempunctata, Sublethal effects, Coleoptera, 010602 entomology, Toxicity Tests, Subacute, chemistry, Transgenerational effects, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: The seven-spot ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata, is a major natural enemy of aphids in the field and in greenhouses in China and is part of integrated pest management (IPM). Imidacloprid, a highly efficient insecticide that not only kills aphids at lethal concentrations, but also can cause various sublethal effects in nontarget organisms. To strengthen IPM and its sustainability, it is important assessing possible side effects on natural enemies. When the effects of sublethal concentrations (LC5 and 10%LC5) of imidacloprid on C. septempunctata were evaluated, the adult longevity was shortened by 23.97 and 28.68 %, and the fecundity reduced by 52.81 and 56.09 % compared to control population. In the F1 generation (i.e., the progeny of the exposed individuals), the juvenile development was slower by 1.44 days and 0.66 days, and the oviposition period was shortened by 10 and 13 days, respectively. The fecundity of the F1 generation decreased by 17.88, 44.03 and 51.69 % when exposed to 1%LC5, 10%LC5, and LC5, respectively. The results of demographical growth estimates showed that the intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) and net reproductive rate (R 0 ) were lower in C. septempunctata populations that had been exposed to sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid. The results emphasize the importance of assessing side effects of low imidacloprid concentrations on such predator species, even at the transgenerational level.
Published: 2016
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43. Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): a global perspective and future priorities

Author: Kim A. Hoelmer, William D. Hutchison, Yi Yu, Zhi Lin Jiang, Nicolas Desneux, Mark K. Asplen, Rufus Isaacs, Kent M. Daane, Christopher R. Philips, Masahito T. Kimura, Christophe Plantamp, Marta Pascual, Lucia Zappalà, Andrew Paul Gutierrez, Heidrun Vogt, Zsolt Kárpáti, Gianfranco Anfora, Dong Chu, Luigi Ponti, Vaughn M. Walton, Deuk Soo Choi, Patricia Gibert, Gábor Vétek, Antonio Biondi, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Génétique et évolution des interactions hôtes-parasites, Département génétique, interactions et évolution des génomes [LBBE] (GINSENG), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Szent István University, Department of Photonics Engineering [Lyngby], Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Michigan's Project GREEEN, the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, North Central IPM Program of USDA, US Environmental Protection Agency, MBG Marketing, Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (PRIN project GEISCA) [2010CXXHJE_004], Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [PD 1041310], Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, COST Action [TD1209], People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [318246 (ASCII), 333980], US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) [2010-51181-21167], Center for the Analysis of Agricultural Systems, Kensington CA, European Project: 318246,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES,ASCII(2013), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ponti, L.
Subjects: Integrated pest management, Entomology, Ecology (disciplines), Frugivore, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Biological control, Drosophila, Invasion biology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Drosophila suzukii, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, Ecology, business.industry, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, Pest control, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, Biological dispersal, PEST analysis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: The Asian vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing Drosophila [SWD]) has emerged as a major invasive insect pest of small and stone fruits in both the Americas and Europe since the late 2000s. While research efforts have rapidly progressed in Asia, North America, and Europe over the past 5 years, important new insights may be gained in comparing and contrasting findings across the regions affected by SWD. In this review, we explore common themes in the invasion biology of SWD by examining (1) its biology and current pest status in endemic and recently invaded regions; (2) current efforts and future research needs for the development of predictive models for its geographic expansion; and (3) prospects for both natural and classical (=importation) biological control of SWD in invaded habitats, with emphasis on the role of hymenopteran parasitoids. We conclude that particularly fruitful areas of research should include fundamental studies of its overwintering, host-use, and dispersal capabilities; as well as applied studies of alternative, cost-effective management techniques to complement insecticide use within the integrated pest management framework. Finally, we emphasize that outreach efforts are critical to effective SWD management by highlighting successful strategies and insights gained from various geographic regions. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Published: 2015
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44. Special issue on Drosophila suzukii: from global invasion to sustainable control

Author: Antonio Biondi, Michael Traugott, Nicolas Desneux, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Innsbruck, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Entomology, tuta-absoluta, biology, Ecology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecology (disciplines), Biological pest control, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, ceratitis-capitata, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, pest, Tuta absoluta, PEST analysis, europe, Brown marmorated stink bug, Drosophila suzukii, Agronomy and Crop Science, Drosophila, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In the era of globalization, invasive pests are gaining increasing economic and ecological importance (Hulme 2009). Arthropods play a pivotal role as invading pests, threatening the productivity of a multiplicity of the agricultural systems worldwide. Journal of Pest Science devotes specific attention to this important topic: several recently published papers deal with the biology, ecology, and sustainable control of invasive pests including, among others, spider mites Tetranychus spp. (Attia et al. 2013; Chen and Dai 2015), the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Cesari et al. 2015; Haye et al. 2015), the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Desneux et al. 2010; 2011; Zappala et al. 2013; Van Damme et al. 2015), and the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Manoukis and Hoffman 2014; Rogers et al. 2014). The Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), currently belongs to the most important invasive pestiferous species. This vinegar fly is native to Eastern Asia and has recently expanded its range to Europe and in the Americas, making it a global threat. Unlike other vinegar flies, SWD is able to oviposit and develop in unwounded ripening soft fruits of a wide range of wild and cultivated plants (Fig. 1). Aside from being a pest of great economic importance, SWD is closely related to Drosophila melanogaster, a premier model organism in experimental biology. As a consequence, the broad knowledge gained through studying D.melanogaster is being gradually transferred to SWD, making the control of this pest holistic and innovative. In 2015, Journal of Pest Science published a seminal review by Asplen and colleagues, a team of authors belonging to nine countries from three continents, demonstrating the global importance of this pest (Asplen et al. 2015). This paper illustrates the main bio-ecological features of the pest, its invasion history, and provides directions for future research to establish forthcoming sustainable control tactics. Here, in this special issue, seventeen original research and four review articles complement and deepen the review by Asplen et al. (2015). The review papers furnish the current knowledge on the response of D. suzukii to abiotic and biotic environmental conditions (Hamby et al. 2016), the interactions of D. suzukii with microbes and the potential for microbial-based control of the pest (Hamby and Becher 2016), the utility of genomic techniques for improving management practices targeting D. suzukii (Murphy et al. 2016), and an overview of the current IPM tactics to control SWD in different regions around the world (Haye et al. 2016). The original articles present a variety of new findings on the biology and populations dynamics of SWD, its chemical and trophic ecology, as well as a range of novel control tactics including molecular and biological control agents such as parasitoids. The present SWD special issue also represents the consequential development of Journal of Pest Science as an outlet for outstanding and timely works concerning major topics in the control of insect pests. Hence, we are thankful to numerous experts on D. suzukii who responded to our & Antonio Biondi antonio.biondi@unict.it
Published: 2016
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45. Innate positive chemotaxis to pollen from crops and banker plants in predaceous biological control agents: towards new field lures?

Author: Xiwu Gao, Jing Zhao, Nicolas Desneux, Giovanni Benelli, Xinhai Li, Su Wang, Shu Li, Fan Zhang, Xiaoling Tan, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University (CAU), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2013CB127605], Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest [201303024, 201303108], Beijing NOVA program [Z121105002512039], Beijing municipal Science Foundation, and Wang, Su
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Crops, Agricultural, Male, China, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Zea mays, Japonica, Predation, Crop, Heteroptera, Solanum lycopersicum, Pollen, Botany, medicine, Olfactometry, Animals, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Thrips, biology, Chemotaxis, Thysanoptera, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Corrigenda, Crop Production, Coleoptera, 010602 entomology, Positive chemotaxis, Agronomy, Olfactometer, Biological Control Agents, Aphids, Malus, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Medicago sativa
Abstract: Predator-prey interactions form the core of biological control of arthropod pests. Which tools can be used to monitor and collect carnivorous arthropods in natural habitats and targeted crops? Eco-friendly and effective field lures are urgently needed. In this research, we carried out olfactometer experiments assess innate positive chemotaxis to pollen of seven crop and banker plant by two important predatory biological control agents: the coccinellid Propylea japonica (Thunberg) and the anthocorid Orius sauteri (Poppius). We compared the attractiveness of pollens from crops and banker plants to that of common prey homogenates (aphids and thrips, respectively). Attractiveness of the tested odor sources was checked via field trapping experiments conducted in organic apple orchards and by release-recapture assays in organic greenhouse tomato crops. Maize and canola pollen were attractive to both P. japonica and O. sauteri, in laboratory and field assays. P. japonica was highly attracted by balm mint pollen, whereas O. sauteri was attracted by alfalfa pollen. Our results encourage the use of pollen from crops and banker plants as low-cost and eco-friendly attractors to enhance the monitoring and attraction of arthropod predators in biological control programs.
Published: 2014
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46. Do furanic and phenolic compounds of lignocellulosic and algae biomass hydrolyzate inhibit anaerobic mixed cultures? A comprehensive review

Author: Cecilia Sambusiti, Abdellatif Barakat, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Hélène Carrère, Marianne Quemeneur, Eric Trably, Florian Monlau, Star*AgroEnergy Research Unit, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Foggia - University of Foggia, Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), inconnu, Inconnu, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli Studi di Foggia = University of Foggia (Unifg), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ADEME, French Environment and Energy Management Agency, European, European Project: 286269,EC:FP7:REGPOT,FP7-REGPOT-2011-1,STAR-AGROENERGY(2011), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, 020209 energy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomass, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Xylose, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Lignin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phenols, Anaerobic digestion, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Biohydrogen, Ethanol fuel, Food science, Anaerobiosis, Furans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, Thermo-chemical pretreatments, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Hydrolysis, food and beverages, Dark fermentation, Furfural, Phenolic compounds, Eukaryotic Cells, Biochemistry, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Biofuel, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Fermentation, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Nowadays there is a growing interest on the use of both lignocellulosic and algae biomass to produce biofuels (i.e. biohydrogen, ethanol and methane), as future alternatives to fossil fuels. In this purpose, thermal and thermo-chemical pretreatments have been widely investigated to overcome the natural physico-chemical barriers of such biomass and to enhance biofuel production from lignocellulosic residues and, more recently, marine biomass (i.e. macro and microalgae). However, the pretreatment technologies lead not only to the conversion of carbohydrate polymers (ie cellulose, hemicelluloses, starch, agar) to soluble monomeric sugar (ie glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose), but also the generation of various by-products (i.e. furfural and 5-HMF). In the case of lignocellulosic residues, part of the lignin can also be degraded in lignin derived by-products, mainly composed of phenolic compounds. Although the negative impact of such by-products on ethanol production has been widely described in literature, studies on their impact on biohydrogen and methane production operated with mixed cultures are still very limited. This review aims to summarise and discuss literature data on the impact of pre-treatment by-products on H2-producing dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion processes when using mixed cultures as inoculum. As a summary, furanic (5-HMF, furfural) and phenolic compounds were found to be stronger inhibitors of the microbial dark fermentation than the full anaerobic digestion process. Such observations can be explained by differences in process parameters: anaerobic digestion is performed with more complex mixed cultures, lower substrate/inoculum and by-products/inoculum ratios and longer batch incubation times than dark fermentation. Finally, it has been reported that, during dark fermentation process, the presence of by-products could lead to a metabolic shift from H2-producing pathways (i.e. acetate and butyrate) to non-H2-producing pathways (i.e. lactate, ethanol and propionate) and whatever the metabolic route, metabolites can be all further converted into methane, but at different rates.
Published: 2014
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47. Understanding dormancy release in apricot flower buds ([i]Prunus armeniaca[/i] L.) using several process-based phenological models

Author: Jean-Marc Audergon, Raffaella Viti, L. Andreini, Jean Michel Legave, Patrick Bertuzzi, Isabelle Chuine, José Antonio Campoy, David Ruiz, Iñaki García de Cortázar-Atauri, Susanna Bartolini, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE Agroclim (UE AGROCLIM), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), 'MAP C1-2009-Abricotier/CEP Innovation Project' (France), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, dormancy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Prunus armeniaca, Dormancy Modelling Phenology Prunus armeniaca Genetic variability, phenology, 01 natural sciences, modelling, Species level, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Cultivar, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, biology, Bud, Phenology, food and beverages, Forestry, penetic variability, biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, Release date, Dormancy, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: UMR AGAP - équipe AFEF - Architecture et fonctionnement des espèces fruitières; The present study was an initial attempt to calibrate a phenological process-based model of dormancy release with experimental data for apricot flower buds. A large experimental database (88 data points) on dormancy release, concerning several cultivars grown at different geographical sites, was used for the model parameterization. We compared five phenological models. None of them provided accurate prediction of the date of dormancy release at the species level. This inaccuracy appeared to be due to the high variance in dormancy release dates among cultivars. Models fitted for different dormancy release precocity groups provided much more accurate predictions. Parameter estimate analysis of the best model for each cultivar group showed very marked differences in apricot flower bud response to temperature within the species. While in early cultivars dormancy release seemed to be driven by the daily minimum temperature, the daily mean temperature appeared to be the controlling factor in intermediate and late cultivars. Our results show that the apricot dormancy release date cannot be predicted accurately at the species level and that different models should be used for different precocity groups.
Published: 2014
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48. Modelling transpiration of greenhouse gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus) grown in substrate with saline water in a Mediterranean climate

Author: Giulia Carmassi, Matteo Bronzini, Daniele Massa, Gianni Bellocchi, L. Bacci, Alberto Pardossi, Rita Maggini, Luca Incrocci, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Agricultural Research Council (CRA)
Subjects: Gerbera, Canopy, model, gerbera, greenhouse crops, NaCl salinity, penman-Monteith equation, transpiration, biology, Vapour Pressure Deficit, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Horticulture, biology.organism_classification, Saline water, Gerbera jamesonii, Environmental science, Leaf area index, Penman–Monteith equation, Transpiration
Abstract: Gerbera plants were grown in semi-closed rockwool culture under greenhouse conditions in different seasons in a Mediterranean climate. The plants were irrigated using either fresh (FW; 1.0 mol m(-3) NaCl) or moderately saline (SW; 9.0 mol m(-3) NaCl) water. In autumn, NaCl concentration did not influence significantly plant growth, flower production and transpiration (E), which instead were reduced in spring in the plants irrigated with SW. In both seasons, water salinity did not affect leaf stomatal resistance (r(1)), which was determined by the inversion of the Penman-Monteith (PM) equation or measured with a diffusion porometer. The PM formula and two regression equations were calibrated and validated for estimating the hourly rate of daytime transpiration (E-d); a regression model was also fit to nocturnal transpiration (E-n). Regression models predicted E-d as a function of vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and/or the radiation intercepted by the canopy. Leaf area index (LAI), which is required by all the equations, was modelled as function of crop thermal time (i.e. growing degree days). The PM model predicted E-d using a constant value of r(1). Model calibration and validation were performed using independent datasets. The irrigation with FW or SW did not require a different calibration of transpiration models. Both PM formula and regression equations provided accurate estimates of E-d; fitted equations explained between 80% and 96% of the variance in measured E-d. A linear regression of E-n against (LAI-VPD) accounted for 92% of measured E-n. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2013
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49. Field efficacy of a bioherbicide mimic (DiS-NH 2 ) in a nanoparticle formulation for weed control in durum wheat.

Author: Scavo A, Rodríguez-Mejías FJ, Chinchilla N, Molinillo JM, Schwaiger S, Weiss AK, Mauromicale G, and Macías FA
Abstract: Background: Weed-resistance phenomena have increased dramatically in recent years. Bioherbicides can offer a sustainable alternative to chemical weed control but they often have low water solubility and therefore low efficacy in the field. The research reported here represents the first study on the field efficacy against weeds of a nanoencapsulated bioherbicide mimic of aminophenoxazinones, namely DiS-NH 2 (2,2'-disulphanediyldianiline). Field experiments were carried out across three different locations to evaluate the bioherbicide disulphide mimic at standard (T1, 0.75 g m -2 ) and double (T2, 1.5 g m -2 ) doses when compared to no weed control (NC) and chemical weed controlled (PC) in durum wheat., Results: The nanoencapsulated bioherbicide displayed better soil permeability than the free compound and also showed lower ecotoxicity on comparing the toxic doses on the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode model. It was found that T2 gave the best performance in terms of phytotoxicity (-57% weed biomass when compared with NC) and crop yield enhancement (3.2 versus 2.2 Mg ha -1 grain yield), while T1 showed comparable results to PC. T1 and T2 did not cause shifts in weed communities and this is consistent with a broad spectrum of phytotoxicity. Moreover, the nanoparticle formulation tested in this study provided stable results across all three locations., Conclusion: It is reported here for the first time that a nanoencapsulated DiS-NH 2 bioherbicide mimic provided an efficient post-emergence and contact bioherbicide that can control a wide range of weed species in durum wheat without damaging the crop. The mimic also has low ecotoxicity and improved soil permeability. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.)
Published: 2025
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50. Investigating the suitability of sunflower press-cake proteins in formulated sports beverages.

Author: Francesca G, Costanza C, Federica N, and Laura P
Subjects: Plant Proteins chemistry, Pea Proteins chemistry, Rheology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Helianthus chemistry, Whey Proteins chemistry, Beverages analysis
Abstract: In a context where whey proteins currently dominate the protein sports beverage sector and pea proteins are usually commercialized as protein sources, this study proposes using sunflower press-cake, which contains approximately 44% protein, as an alternative and sustainable protein source. After the extraction from the press-cake, sunflower proteins were dispersed in an aqueous medium with varying xanthan gum concentrations (0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% w/v) to simulate protein-rich sports beverages. Their performance was compared to that of whey and pea proteins, each at a 10% concentration. To enhance protein dispersibility and align with the trends of alkaline beverages, a K-P buffer at pH 9 was used as the dispersion medium, and 0.2% caffeine was included for cognitive benefits. Pasteurized dispersions were tested for rheological behavior and physical stability at 4 °C. Sunflower proteins, with a total polyphenolic content (TPC) of 35.2 mg GAE g DB -1 , outperformed whey (0.8 mg GAE ) and pea (2.8 mg DB -1 ) proteins. Sunflower dispersions exhibited a significantly lower volatile profile than those enriched with pea or whey proteins, reducing the need for odor-masking agents. Additionally, sunflower dispersions had a lower flow index than whey or pea dispersions, indicating easier processing. Despite the promising flow behaviour and optimal physical stability (stability index < 1.0), GAE bioaccessibility analysis revealed a similar percentage of protein bioaccessibility between pea and whey dispersions, while sunflower ones had the lowest percentage. TPC bioaccessibility followed a similar trend. These findings highlight the feasibility of incorporating sunflower proteins into sports beverages, broadening options for formulators and promoting sustainability by repurposing agricultural by-products and adopting plant-based proteins.DB -1 ) proteins. Sunflower dispersions exhibited a significantly lower volatile profile than those enriched with pea or whey proteins, reducing the need for odor-masking agents. Additionally, sunflower dispersions had a lower flow index than whey or pea dispersions, indicating easier processing. Despite the promising flow behaviour and optimal physical stability (stability index < 1.0), in vitro bioaccessibility analysis revealed a similar percentage of protein bioaccessibility between pea and whey dispersions, while sunflower ones had the lowest percentage. TPC bioaccessibility followed a similar trend. These findings highlight the feasibility of incorporating sunflower proteins into sports beverages, broadening options for formulators and promoting sustainability by repurposing agricultural by-products and adopting plant-based proteins.
Published: 2025
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