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87 results on '"Department of Geology and Palaeontology"'

1. North Atlantic Ice‐Rafting, Ocean and Atmospheric Circulation During the Holocene: Insights From Western Mediterranean Speleothems

Author: Richard Lawrence Edwards, Lijuan Sha, Michael Deininger, Hai Cheng, Christoph Spötl, Lhoussaine Bouchaou, A. Sifeddine, Francisco W. Cruz, Jasper A. Wassenburg, Y. Ait Brahim, Institute of Global Environmental Change [China] (IGEC), Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Climate Geochemistry Department [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir], Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Innsbruck, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric circulation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, ESPELEOTEMAS, Geophysics, Oceanography, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, North Atlantic oscillation, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ice rafting
Abstract: In this study, we present a Holocene rainfall index based on three high-resolution speleothem records from the Western Mediterranean, a region under the influence of the westerly winds belt modulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). On centennial to millennial timescales, we show that the North Atlantic ice-rafting events were likely associated with negative NAO-like conditions during the Early Holocene and the Late Holocene. However, our data reveal that this is not clearly the case for the mid-Holocene ice-rafting events, during which we also show evidence of positive NAO-like patterns from other paleo-oceanographic and paleo-atmospheric data. Hence, contradictory mechanisms involving prolonged periods of both north and south shifts of the westerly winds belt (resembling positive and negative NAO-like patterns) might at least partially trigger or amplify the ice-rafting events and the slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Plain Language Summary During the Holocene, periods of enhanced ice-rafting, associated with cooling and sea ice expansion in the North Atlantic high latitudes, have been recognized over distant regions. While the causes of these events are still a matter of debate, changes in the atmospheric circulation have been proposed as a potential trigger or amplifier. Here, we use speleothems to establish a precisely dated record of rainfall variability in the Western Mediterranean, a highly sensitive region to the westerly winds belt modulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our results reveal new insights about the dynamics of NAO-like patterns during the Holocene. On centennial to millennial timescales, prolonged periods of both north and south shifts of the westerly winds belt might trigger or amplify the slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the North Atlantic ice-rafting. However, not all ice-rafting events are associated with either positive or negative NAO-like conditions.
Published: 2019

2. Re-evaluating the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic early Cambrian deuterostome Yanjiahella

Author: Oldřich Fatka, Przemysław Gorzelak, Samuel Zamora, Imran A. Rahman, Bertrand Lefebvre, Jeffrey R. Thompson, Rich Mooi, Timothy A. M. Ewin, Martina Nohejlová, James Sprinkle, Bruno David, Thomas E. Guensburg, Colin D. Sumrall, Elise Nardin, David F. Wright, Selina R. Cole, Mike Reich, Aaron W. Hunter, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Grupo Aragosaurus-IUCA, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Division of Paleontology (Invertebrates), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Department of Paleobiology [Washington], Smithsonian Institution, Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Geology, California Academy of Sciences, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Institute of Paleobiology [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Earth Sciences [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), School of Earth Sciences [Perth], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Department of Geological Sciences [Austin], Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College of London [London] (UCL), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns (SNSB), Paleontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), GeoBio-CenterLMU, Czech Geological Survey [Praha], Oxford University Museum of Natural History, University of Oxford [Oxford], Work supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities [grant number CGL2017-87631], cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund, project 'Aragosaurus: recursos geológicos y paleoambientales' (ref: E18_17R) funded by the Government of Aragón, by Gerstner Scholar and Lerner-Gray postdoctoral fellowships at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), by a Kathryn W. Davis postdoctoral fellowship at the AMNH, by a Royal Society Newton International Fellowship. I.A.R. is supported by the Oxford University Museum of Natural History., Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH), University of Oxford, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Geologic Sediments, China, 010506 paleontology, Science, Starfish, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Monophyly, Matters Arising, Chordata, Nonvertebrate, Animals, lcsh:Science, Clade, History, Ancient, Phylogeny, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Appendage, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Deuterostome, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Fossils, Palaeontology, Geology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Position (obstetrics), 030104 developmental biology, Taxon, Body plan, Echinoderm, Evolutionary biology, lcsh:Q, Geologi, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0210 nano-technology, Echinodermata
Abstract: Recently we documented a bilaterally symmetrical, solitary organism, Yanjiahella biscarpa from the early Cambrian (Fortunian) of China1. We interpreted that Y. biscarpa possessed an echinoderm-like plated theca, a muscular stalk similar to hemichordates and a pair of long, feeding appendages. Our interpretation and our phylogenetic analysis suggest that Y. biscarpa is a stem-echinoderm, which would confirm that echinoderms acquired plates before pentaradial symmetry and that their history is firmly rooted in bilateral forms. Zamora et al.2 however, have criticized our interpretation, arguing against an echinoderm affinity, instead suggesting that the phylogenetic placement of Y. biscarpa is dubious and its significance for understanding deuterostome evolution is uncertain. This criticism2 seems to stem from our interpretation of particular morphological features in Y. biscarpa1 and the perceived lack of echinoderm synapomorphies. Echinoderms possess a calcitic skeleton with a distinctive three-dimensional mesh-like microstructure called stereom, that is considered a major synapomorphy of the Echinodermata3. Zamora et al.2 highlighted the absence of stereom in Y. biscarpa, additionally stating that we had omitted appropriate methods, specifically latex casting, that may confirm the presence of stereom in our specimens. We concede that initially we did not latex cast any specimens of Y. biscarpa, predominantly due to the fragile nature and the associated risk of damaging the specimens in question. In lieu of latex casting we employed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to investigate the surface and the details of Y. biscarpa specimens. SEM has been extensively used in the past to study stereom microstructure4,5,6 and if such a microstructure was preserved in Y. biscarpa it would have been detected using this technique. Artikeln är ett refereegranskat svar på en publicerad kommentar på en tidigare artikel.
Published: 2020

3. Comment on the letter of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP) dated April 21, 2020 regarding 'Fossils from conflict zones and reproducibility of fossil-based scientific data': the importance of private collections

Author: Mike Reich, Francisco J. Vega, Ed Jarzembowski, Joachim T. Haug, Timo van Eldijk, Anna Pint, Lutz Kunzmann, Jelle W.F. Reumer, Antonio Arillo, Danilo Harms, Sylvain Charbonnier, Alexander G. Kirejtshuk, Paul A. Selden, Dany Azar, Bo Wang, René H.B. Fraaije, André Nel, Hans Kerp, Vincent Perrichot, Rok Gašparič, Elena A. Jagt-Yazykova, Carolin Haug, D. S. Kopylov, Jörg W. Schneider, Dale E. Greenwalt, Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Yongdong Wang, Ryan C. McKellar, Denis Audo, Frederick R. Schram, Viktor Baranov, Christian Foth, John W.M. Jagt, Rodney M. Feldmann, Matúš Hyžný, Ulrich Kotthoff, Peter Frenzel, Alexander Nützel, Christian Klug, Jacek Szwedo, Christian Neumann, Barry W.M. van Bakel, Günter Schweigert, Lida Xing, Jürgen Kriwet, Rolf G. Beutel, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Department of Geosciences, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Department of Palaeontology, Universität Wien, Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Sektion für Paläontologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU)-Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cologne, Department of Palaeontology - Institute for Geology, Technishe Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (TU Bergakademie Freiberg), Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington [Seattle], Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (SMNS), University of Gdańsk (UG), Oertijdmuseum Boxtel, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Lab-STICC_TB_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie (BSPG), Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Burke Museum, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Weissing group, and Van Doorn group
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, NETHERLANDS, ARTHROPITYS-BISTRIATA, AREA, CENTRAL-EUROPE, Paleontology, PERMIAN PETRIFIED FOREST, SAAR-NAHE BASIN, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Paleontología, BALTIC AMBER, Evolución, Geography, PARNAIBA BASIN, Saar–Nahe Basin, THEROPOD DINOSAUR, Baltic amber, DECAPODA, Vertebrate paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

4. The oldest freshwater crabs: claws on dinosaur bones

Author: Barry W.M. van Bakel, Géraldine Garcia, Xavier Valentin, Matúš Hyžný, Pascal Godefroit, Sylvain Charbonnier, Aude Cincotta, Ninon Robin, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oertijdmuseum Boxtel, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Comenius University, Faculty of natural Sciences, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Cork] (BEES), University College Cork (UCC), Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and Palaios association
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hoof and Claw, 010506 paleontology, Taphonomy, Behavioural ecology, Brachyura, lcsh:Medicine, Fresh Water, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 010603 evolutionary biology, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Article, Bone and Bones, Dinosaurs, Species Specificity, Portunoidea, Animals, Potamonautidae, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Potamidae, Trichodactylidae, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Decapoda, Ecology, Palaeontology, lcsh:R, Palaeoecology, Paleontology, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Crustacean, 6. Clean water, Geography, Paleoecology, Freshwater ecology, lcsh:Q, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Faunal assemblage
Abstract: With approximately 1,500 extant species, freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) are among the most diverse decapod crustaceans. Nevertheless, their fossil record is extremely limited: only Potamidae, Potamonautidae and Trichodactylidae are reported up to the Eocene of the Neotropics so far. This work documents unusually large decapod claws from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) continental deposits of Velaux and vicinity (southern France), in close association with large vertebrate remains. In addition to (1) the systematic assignment of these claws, the study addresses (2) the salinity trends in the deposit environment from its faunal assemblage and the elementary chemical patterns of fossils, and (3) the likely scenario for their auto/allochthony in the Velaux fluvial system. These claws belong to a new taxon, Dinocarcinus velauciensis n. gen. n. sp., referred to as Portunoidea sensu lato, a group of “true” crabs nowadays linked to marine systems. However, the faunal assemblage, the claw taphonomy and the carbonates Y/Ho signatures support their ancient freshwater/terrestrial ecology, making them the oldest reported continental brachyurans and extending the presence of crabs in freshwater environments by 40 Ma. Either as primary or as secondary freshwater crabs, the occurrence of these portunoids in Velaux is an evidence for the independent colonizations of continental environments by multiple brachyuran clades over time, as early as the Campanian.
Published: 2019

5. Partitioning of Mg, Sr, Ba and U into a subaqueous speleothem

Author: Drysdale, Russell N., Zanchetta, Giovanni, Baneschi, Illaria, Guidi, Massimo, Isola, Ilaria, Couchoud, Isabelle, Piccinini, Leonardo, Greig, Alan, Wong, Henry, Woodhead, Jon, Regattieri, Eleonora, Corrick, Ellen, Bence, Paul, Spötl, Christoph, Denson, Eleanor, Gordon, Jay, Jaillet, Stéphane, Dux, Florian, Hellstrom, John C., School of Geography [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Dipartimiento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, CNR Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse [Pisa] (IGG-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Universita degli Studi di Padova, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation [Australie] (ANSTO), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, and University of Innsbruck
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, trace elements, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, speleothem, geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; The trace-element geochemistry of speleothems is becoming increasingly used for reconstructing palaeoclimate, with a particularemphasis on elements whose concentrations vary according to hydrological conditions at the cave site (e.g. Mg, Sr, Baand U). An important step in interpreting trace-element abundances is understanding the underlying processes of their incorporation.This includes quantifying the fractionation between the solution and speleothem carbonate via partition coefficients(where the partitioning (D) of element X (DX) is the molar ratio [X/Ca] in the calcite divided by the molar ratio [X/Ca] in theparent water) and evaluating the degree of spatial variability across time-constant speleothem layers. Previous studies of howthese elements are incorporated into speleothems have focused primarily on stalagmites and their source waters in naturalcave settings, or have used synthetic solutions under cave-analogue laboratory conditions to produce similar dripstones. However,dripstones are not the only speleothem types capable of yielding useful palaeoclimate information. In this study, weinvestigate the incorporation of Mg, Sr, Ba and U into a subaqueous calcite speleothem (CD3) growing in a natural cave poolin Italy. Pool-water measurements extending back 15 years reveal a remarkably stable geochemical environment owing to thedeep cave setting, enabling the calculation of precise solution [X/Ca]. We determine the trace element variability of ‘modern’subaqueous calcite from a drill core taken through CD3 to derive DMg, DSr, DBa and DU then compare these with publishedcave, cave-analogue and seawater-analogue studies. The DMg for CD3 is anomalously high (0.042 ± 0.002) compared to previousestimates at similar temperatures (~8 °C). The DSr (0.100 ± 0.007) is similar to previously reported values, but datafrom this study as well as those from Tremaine and Froelich (2013) and Day and Henderson (2013) suggest that [Na/Sr] mightplay an important role in Sr incorporation through the potential for Na to outcompete Sr for calcite non-lattice sites. DBa inCD3 (0.086 ± 0.008) is similar to values derived by Day and Henderson (2013) under cave-analogue conditions, whilst DU (0.013 ± 0.002) is almost an order of magnitude lower, possibly due to the unusually slow speleothem growth rates(
Published: 2019

6. Muscles and muscle scars in fossil malacostracan crustaceans

Author: Klompmaker , Adiël A., Portell, Roger W., Hyžný, Matúš, Fussell , Shane, Klier , Aaron, Tejera, Raymond, Jauvion, Clément, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Jakobsen , Sten L., Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

7. The early polychelidan lobster Tetrachela raiblana and its impact on the homology of carapace grooves in decapod crustaceans

Author: Denis Audo, Matúš Hyžný, Sylvain Charbonnier, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 010506 paleontology, Lagerstätte, Palaeoenvironment, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Homology (biology), 03 medical and health sciences, Crustacea, Decapoda, 14. Life underwater, Carapace, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Depth, Palaeoecology, biology.organism_classification, Crustacean, Triassic, Homology, 030104 developmental biology, Italy, Evolutionary biology, Austria, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: Polychelidan lobsters, as the sister group of Eureptantia (other lobsters and crabs), have a key-position within decapod crustaceans. Their evolutionary history is still poorly understood, although it has been proposed that their Mesozoic representatives largely inhabited shallow-marine environment and only later sought refuge in deep water. This view has recently been challenged, so the evolutionary history of polychelidans is in a need of re-appraisal. The earliest representatives, such as Tetrachela from the Late Triassic of Austria and Italy, are of great importance because of their potential in investigation of life habits of early polychelidans. Tetrachela lived in a relatively deep water, however, its well-developed eyes suggest an environment where light was still present. With its massive dorsoventrally flattened body plan, Tetrachela was probably benthic; the shape of its mandible and stocky first pereiopods suggest it was a scavenger and/or fed on slowly moving or sedentary animals. The carapace of Tetrachela has a peculiar groove pattern, which leads us to redefine some elements of the nomenclature of grooves used for polychelidans. Based on the present revision we propose that the second incision and its associated groove correspond to the hepatic groove, not the postcervical or the branchiocardiac grooves as interpreted previously. This revision allows us to review the homologies of cephalothoracic groove between polychelidans and other notable groups of decapod crustaceans.
Published: 2018

8. The second century CE Roman watermills of Barbegal Unraveling the enigma of one of the oldest industrial complexes

Author: Philippe Leveau, Gül Sürmelihindi, Vincent Bernard, Cees W. Passchier, Christoph Spötl, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), project 578/17, DFG, Stufe I, University of Mainz, Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)
Subjects: History, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Population, Frequency of use, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Industrial complex, chemistry.chemical_compound, Extant taxon, Wheels, Watermill, Mill, 0601 history and archaeology, Water wheel, education, Research Articles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Stable isotopes, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, 060102 archaeology, SciAdv r-articles, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, chemistry, Population centers, Anthropology, Carbonate, Deposits, Hydraulic machinery, Barbegal, Research Article, Watermills
Abstract: Carbonate deposits provide insights into the operation of the earliest industrial utilization of hydropower by an ancient society., The second century CE Roman watermill complex of Barbegal, France, is regarded as one of the first industrial complexes in human history. The 16 water wheels are no longer extant as all woodwork has decayed. However, carbonate deposits precipitated from water during operation of the mills forming casts on the woodwork. These casts are preserved in fragments and provide unique insights into the frequency of use and maintenance of the mills, and even into the structure of the water wheel chambers. Stable isotope time series of carbonate deposits reveal that the mill activity was regularly interrupted for several months. This strongly suggests that the mill complex was not used for a steady supply of flour to a major population center, as previously thought, but likely served to produce nonperishable hardtack for the nearby harbors.
Published: 2018

9. Abrupt Fluctuation of northern Mediterranean hydroclimate and North Atlantic Oscillation since the middle Holocene

Author: Hu, Hsun-Ming, Leen, Shih-Yu, Shen, Chuan-Chou, Michel, Véronique, Yu, Jin-Yi, Valensi, Patricia, Jiang, Xiuyang, Duan, Fucai, Wang, Yongjin, Mii, Horng-Sheng, Chou, Yu-Min, Spötl, Christoph, Wu, Chung-Che, Lone, Ahmad Mahjoor, Starnini, Elisabetta, Hsu, Huan-Hsiung, High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Départemental de Préhistoire du Lazaret (LDPL), Département des Alpes-Maritimes, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement Cergy (GEC), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio della Liguria (SABAP Liguria), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center of Marine Magnetism, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, and CEPAM, Labo
Subjects: middle, Oscillation, North, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Holocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, since, Atlantic, northern, Fluctuation, Mediterranean, Abrupt, hydroclimate
Abstract: Abrupt Fluctuation of northern Mediterranean hydroclimate and North Atlantic Oscillation since the middle Holocene
Published: 2018

10. Révision des Érymides (Crustacea : Decapoda) du Crétacé inférieur de la Téthys occidentale

Author: Sylvain Charbonnier, Lucien Leroy, Julien Devillez, Matúš Hyžný, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, and Hameau de Taloire
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Europe occidentale, 010506 paleontology, Arthropoda, Western Europe, new combinations, homard, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Eryma, Genus, Crustacea, Decapoda, espèces nouvelles, Mésozoïque, Animalia, 14. Life underwater, Carapace, genre nouveau, lobster, Malacostraca, Erymidae, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Taxonomy, new species, combinaisons nouvelles, biology, new genus, Geology, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Crustacean, Cretaceous, Type species, lectotypification, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Mesozoic
Abstract: International audience; Erymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are relatively common and abundant in Jurassic rocks (c. 70 species) but are far less common in the Early Cretaceous with about 20 species only listed in Europe, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctic, Japan, and Madagascar. A study of the twelve species of erymid lobsters from the Early Cretaceous of Europe (France, United Kingdom) is here presented. Based on new observations, the concepts of some erymid genera are updated and new diagnoses are proposed for Eryma Meyer, 1840, Enoploclytia M'Coy, 1849, Palaeastacus Bell, 1850, Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857, and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928, including carapace groove pattern, first pereiopods and also a new structure - the post-orbital area - located in front of the cephalic region. The new genus Tethysastacus n. gen. is erected with Tethysastacus tithonius n. comb. (Valanginian, France) as type species. Five new species are described: Eryma vocontii n. sp. (Albian, France), Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. (Barremian, France), Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (Albian, Texas), Pustulina occitana n. sp. (Berriasian, France), and Pustulina colossea n. sp. (Hauterivian, France).; Les érymides (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) sont relativement courants et abondants dans les formations jurassiques (c. 70 espèces) mais sont beaucoup moins courants dans le Crétacé inférieur où une vingtaine d'espèces sont recensées en Europe, en Amérique du Nord, en Amérique du Sud, en Australie, en Antarctique, au Japon et à Madagascar. Une révision des douze espèces d'érymides du Crétacé inférieur d'Europe (France, Royaume-Uni) est ici présentée. Basés sur de nouvelles observations, les concepts de plusieurs genres d'érymides sont actualisés et de nouvelles diagnoses sont proposées pour Eryma Meyer, 1840, Enoploclytia M'Coy, 1849, Palaeastacus Bell, 1850, Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857, et Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928, incluant le tracé des sillons de la carapace, la première paire de péréiopodes et aussi une nouvelle structure - la zone post-orbitaire - située à l'avant de la région céphalique. Le nouveau genre Tethysastacus n. gen. est établi avec Tethysastacus tithonius n. comb. (Valanginien, France) comme espèce-type. Cinq nouvelles espèces sont aussi décrites : Eryma vocontii n. sp. (Albien, France), Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. (Barrémien, France), Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (Albien, Texas), Pustulina occitana n. sp. (Berriasien, France), et Pustulina colossea n. sp. (Hauterivien, France).
Published: 2016

11. Reconstruction des paléoprécipitations sur les îles Australes (Pacifique central) au cours des derniers millénaires à partir de spéléothèmes : résultats préliminaires

Author: Couchoud, Isabelle, Drysdale, Russell N., Hellstrom, John C., Hua, Q, Spötl, C., S, Etienne, Referent HAL Edytem, Christine Maury, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, and University of Innsbruck
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Poster; International audience
Published: 2016

12. Long-lived interaction between hydrothermal and magmatic fluids in the Soultz-sous-Forêts granitic system (Rhine Graben, France)

Author: Philippe Boulvais, Jean-Louis Vigneresse, Michel Rabinowicz, Rossana Martini, Véronique Gardien, Michel Dubois, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (DTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology - UNIGE, and Université de Genève (UNIGE)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Continental crust, Pluton, Granite, Geochemistry, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Hydrothermal circulation, Magmatic water, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, ddc:550, Meteoric water, Fluid inclusions, Sedimentary rock, Quartz, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Stable isotopes
Abstract: International audience; The 5 km deep drilling at Soultz-sous-Forêts samples a granitic intrusion under its sedimentary cover. Core samples at different depths allow study of the evolving conditions of fluid-rock interaction, from the syn-tectonic emplacement of Hercynian granites at depth until post-cooling history and alteration close to the surface. Hydrogen, carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of CO2 and H2O have been measured in fluid inclusions trapped in magmatic quartz within samples collected along the drill core. Early Fluid Inclusions Assemblage (FIA) contains aqueous carbonic fluids whereas the latest FIA are H2O-rich. In the early FIA, the amount of CO2 and the δ13C value both decrease with depth, revealing two distinct sources of carbon, one likely derived from sedimentary carbonates (δ13C = − 2‰ V-PDB) and another from the continental crust (δ13C = − 9‰ V-PDB). The carbon isotope composition of bulk granites indicates a third carbon source of organic derivation (δ13C = − 20‰ V-PDB). Using a δD - δ18O plot, we argue that the water trapped in quartz grains is mainly of meteoric origin somewhat mixed with magmatic water. The emplacement of the Soultz-sous-Forêts granite pluton occurred in a North 030–040° wrench zone. After consolidation of the granite mush at ~ 600 °C, sinistral shear (γ ~ 1) concentrated the final leucocratic melt in vertical planes oriented along (σ1, σ2). Crystallization of this residual leucocratic melt occurred while shearing was still active. At a temperature of ~ 550 °C, crystallization ended with the formation of vertical quartz veins spaced about 5 mm, and exhibiting a width of several cm. The quartz veins form a connected network of a few kilometers in height, generated during hydrothermal contraction of the intrusion. Quartz crystallization led to the exsolution of 30% by volume of the aqueous fluid. As quartz grains were the latest solid phase still plastic, shearing localized inside the connected quartz network. Aqueous fluid was thus concentrated in these vertical channels. Eventually, when the channels intersected the top of the crack network, water boiling caused the formation of primary inclusions. At the same temperature, the saline magmatic waters, which were denser than the meteoric waters, initiated thermohaline convection with the buoyant “cold” hydrothermal water layer. This mechanism can explain the mixing of surface and deep-seated fluids in the same primary inclusions trapped during the crystallization of magmatic minerals. This study, which separately considers fluid-rock interactions at the level of successive mineral facies, brings new insights into how fluids may be different, their origin and composition, and depending on tectono-thermal conditions, bears implications for eventual ore forming processes.
Published: 2016

13. Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys

Author: Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Geology and Palaeontology [Bratislavia], Comenius University in Bratislava, Hameau de Taloire, and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: new species, combinaisons nouvelles, Europe occidentale, Western Europe, new combinations, new genus, homard, lectotypification, Crustacea, espèces nouvelles, Mésozoïque, genre nouveau, lobster, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Erymidae, Mesozoic
Abstract: International audience; Erymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are relatively common and abundant in Jurassic rocks (c. 70 species) but are far less common in the Early Cretaceous with about 20 species only listed in Europe, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctic, Japan, and Madagascar. A study of the twelve species of erymid lobsters from the Early Cretaceous of Europe (France, United Kingdom) is here presented. Based on new observations, the concepts of some erymid genera are updated and new diagnoses are proposed for Eryma Meyer, 1840, Enoploclytia M'Coy, 1849, Palaeastacus Bell, 1850, Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857, and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928, including carapace groove pattern, first pereiopods and also a new structure - the post-orbital area - located in front of the cephalic region. The new genus Tethysastacus n. gen. is erected with Tethysastacus tithonius n. comb. (Valanginian, France) as type species. Five new species are described: Eryma vocontii n. sp. (Albian, France), Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. (Barremian, France), Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (Albian, Texas), Pustulina occitana n. sp. (Berriasian, France), and Pustulina colossea n. sp. (Hauterivian, France).; Les érymides (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) sont relativement courants et abondants dans les formations jurassiques (c. 70 espèces) mais sont beaucoup moins courants dans le Crétacé inférieur où une vingtaine d'espèces sont recensées en Europe, en Amérique du Nord, en Amérique du Sud, en Australie, en Antarctique, au Japon et à Madagascar. Une révision des douze espèces d'érymides du Crétacé inférieur d'Europe (France, Royaume-Uni) est ici présentée. Basés sur de nouvelles observations, les concepts de plusieurs genres d'érymides sont actualisés et de nouvelles diagnoses sont proposées pour Eryma Meyer, 1840, Enoploclytia M'Coy, 1849, Palaeastacus Bell, 1850, Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857, et Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928, incluant le tracé des sillons de la carapace, la première paire de péréiopodes et aussi une nouvelle structure - la zone post-orbitaire - située à l'avant de la région céphalique. Le nouveau genre Tethysastacus n. gen. est établi avec Tethysastacus tithonius n. comb. (Valanginien, France) comme espèce-type. Cinq nouvelles espèces sont aussi décrites : Eryma vocontii n. sp. (Albien, France), Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. (Barrémien, France), Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (Albien, Texas), Pustulina occitana n. sp. (Berriasien, France), et Pustulina colossea n. sp. (Hauterivien, France).
Published: 2016

14. A palaeorainfall record from Central Pacific over the last millennia from speleothems: preliminary results

Author: Couchoud, Isabelle, Drysdale, Russell N., Hellstrom, John C., Hua, Q, Spötl, C., Etienne, S, Referent HAL Edytem, Christine Maury, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, and University of Innsbruck
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Poster; International audience
Published: 2015

15. Introduction: geodynamic evolution of the Zagros

Author: Guy Simpson, Bernhard Grasemann, Olivier Lacombe, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department for Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna [Vienna], Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Geneva [Switzerland], and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General assembly, Earth science, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Session (computer science), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This special issue of Geological Magazine presents a collection of 17 papers dealing with different aspects of the Zagros orogen. Many, though not all, of these contributions were presented as part of a highly successful session devoted to the geodynamic evolution of the Zagros belt at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2010 in Vienna (Austria). The aim of this gathering was to assemble a broad group of Earth scientists interested in the Zagros orogen to discuss and disseminate new results and ideas efficiently. This volume presents a collection of some of the diverse research that is currently being carried out in the Zagros. We believe that these studies contribute to the understanding of the geodynamic evolution of the Zagros Mountains in particular, but in addition to orogenic processes in general.
Published: 2011

16. Seeking cyclonic activity records in speleothems from central Pacific: preliminary sample screening

Author: Couchoud, Isabelle, Etienne, Samuel, Drysdale, Russell N., Hellstrom, John C., Spötl, Christoph, Perrette, Yves, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck
Subjects: archipel des Australes, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, station météorologique, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, atoll, spéléothème, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, activité cyclonique, Pacifique central
Abstract: Poster; International audience; Ideal cyclone-sensitive speleothems would have the following properties: active at the time of sampling and recording the past few millenia, with fast growth rate, made of clean primary calcite, precipitated without kinetic fractionation, and fed by water with a short residence time allowing for the isotopic signal of short events like cyclones to be transferred but long enough for the drip water to be supersaturated. The screening for this type of speleothem is still in progress and the results presented here are very preliminary. U-Th dating: low U concentration (9-40ng/g; host rock is reef limestone) ; significant detrital content, involving large corrections and large final age uncertainties. Growth rate is highly variable, from ~0.12 mm/yr to ~0.03mm/yr. Tau12A: δ 18 O profile shows some quite large variations (~3‰), with several abrupt events that we will try to identify in other archives. δ 13 C signal amplitude is very large (~-4 to ~-14‰) suggesting the effect of prior calcite precipitation. The δ 18 O signal gets heavier when the δ 13 C does, which could reflect the rainfall amount in this context. Var12C: δ 18 O profile shows values between-3.1 and-6.3‰, with decadal or centennial fluctuations, superimposed on a general trend which is consistent with the one of the δ 13 C profile without being correlated, which implies that calcite precipitation could occur in conditions close to isotopic equilibrium. Once properly dated, this record should provide interesting information about past rainfall regimes on the island.
Published: 2014

17. West Timor: a key for the eastern Indonesian geodynamic evolution

Author: Rossana Martini, Michel Villeneuve, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Agus Handoyo Harsolumakso, Hervé Bellon, Centre de sédimentologie-paléontologie, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology - UNIGE, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institute Technology Bandung, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Accretionary wedge, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Eocene, 01 natural sciences, Timor, Overthrusts, Paleontology, Passive margin, ddc:550, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, Sulawesi, geography.geographical_feature_category, Volcanic arc, Palaeogeographic reconstructions, Geology, Oligocene and Pliocene collisions, Tectonics, Gondwana, 13. Climate action, Indonesia, Sumba, Quaternary, Neogene events, Tectonic nappes
Abstract: Timor Island was at time considered as an example of “accretionary prism” linked to the collision between the Australian block and the Banda arc. However, its geological evolution is more complex. Five main superimposed structural units are distinguished in West Timor. The today structure is the result of three main tectonic events that occurred during the Late Oligocene, Late Early Pliocene and Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene times, respectively. Our field investigations in the 1990 to 2000 decade completed with geochemical analyses and K-Ar datings (Jurassic and Miocene ages) of magmatism allow to precise the geodynamic evolution of Timor that can be summarized as follows: a first block was detached from Gondwana (unit 2) and drifted to the Asiatic margin until the Late Oligocene when it collided with the Asiatic active margin (unit 3). Then, the new block formed by both 2 and 3 units drifted to the south during the Miocene and the Early Pliocene until it collided with the Australian margin (ASM), by the Late Early Pliocene. Then, the Australian and Timor blocks moved together towards the North-North East during the Late Pliocene until they collided with the Banda fore-arc (unit 4). Later on (Pleistocene), Timor island was capped by the “autochthon” (unit 5) and then on (Quaternary?) by the Banda volcanic arc northward thrusted over the South Banda basin. Taking in consideration its close relationships with both the Australian plate and the Eurasian one. Timor may be considered as a key area for building this geodynamical scenario of Indonesia.
Published: 2013

18. Precise microsampling of poorly laminated speleothems for U-series dating

Author: John Hellstrom, Alan Greig, Bence Paul, Isabelle Couchoud, Ilaria Isola, Petra Bajo, Russell N. Drysdale, Jon Woodhead, Eleonora Regattieri, G. Zanchetta, Christoph Spötl, Ilaria Baneschi, Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimiento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, CNR Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse [Pisa] (IGG-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Maury, Christine
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, Speleothem, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Paleontology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), LA-ICP-MS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Calcite, U-Th dating, Series (stratigraphy), geography, Trace elements, geography.geographical_feature_category, Stable isotope ratio, Sampling (statistics), Geology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Growth layers, Speleothems, chemistry, Isotopes of carbon, Microsampling, Contour line, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Layering
Abstract: International audience; One of the principal reasons why speleothems are recognised as important palaeoclimate archives is their suitability for accurate and precise uranium-series (U-series) age determination. Sampling speleothem sections for U-series dating is straightforward in most cases because visible growth layers are preserved. However, this is not always the case, and here we describe a sampling strategy whereby growth layers are resolved from trace-element images produced by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). We apply this method to a section of an Italian subaqueous speleothem (CD3) that lacks persistent visible growth layering. Trace-element imaging revealed growth layers that are strongly non-planar in their geometry owing to the speleothem's pronounced euhedral crystal terminations. The most prominent trace-element layers were first digitized as x, y vector contours. We then interpolated these in the growth-axis direction to generate a series of contour lines at ∼250-μm increments. The coordinates of these contours were used to guide the sampling via a computerised micromilling lathe. This produced a total of 22 samples for U-series dating by multi-collector ICP-MS. The dating results returned ages in correct stratigraphic order within error. Close inspection of the U-series data and the derived depth-age model suggests that the main source of model-age uncertainty is unrelated to the contour sampling but instead more associated with how closely spaced the model ages are in time, i.e. the model age density. Comparisons between stable oxygen and carbon isotope profiles derived from aliquots of the dating samples and two other stable isotope profiles from CD3 spanning the same time period compare very favourably. Taken together, this suggests that our trace-element contouring method provides a reliable means for extracting samples for dating (and other geochemical analyses), and can be applied to similar speleothems lacking visible growth layering.
Published: 2012

19. Etude multi-proxy d'un spéléothème subaquatique contenant un enregistrement paléoclimatique du dernier million d'années

Author: Couchoud, Isabelle, Drysdale, Russell N., Hellstrom, John C., Zanchetta, Gianni, Woodhead, Jon, Spötl, Christoph, Perrette, Yves, Greig, Alan, Isola, Ilaria, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Dipartimiento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, and Maury, Christine
Abstract: Poster; International audience; Une carotte de 23 cm a été extraite d'un monticule de calcite subaquatique, développée sur le fond d'un petit plan d'eau dans la grotte de Corchia (Italie). Les datations 234U/230Th et 234U/238U montrent que la croissance de ce spéléothème couvre les derniers 960 000 ans. L'analyse pétrographique du spéléothème et de ses variations de δ18O et δ13C témoignent de l'enregistrement quasi-continu des cycles glaciaires-interglaciaires sur toute cette période. Les analyses pétrographiques et isotopiques ont été complétées par l'analyse des concentrations en éléments traces d'une part, et du signal de fluorescence de la matière organique piégée d'autre part. Enfin, l'enregistrement isotopique de ce spéléothème est comparé aux enregistrements longs des carottes de glace et marines et aux données astronomiques. Cette archive unique en son genre fournit pour la première fois une référence continentale à long terme pour discuter du timing, de la durée et de la variabilité climatique des interglaciaires passés et peut-être mieux comprendre la nature des forçages orbitaux mis en jeu
Published: 2012

20. The presently best-preserved specimen of Lower Devonian Dalmanitid Trilobite of the Prague Basin (Czech Republic), with articulated hypostome

Author: Petr Budil, Catherine Crônier, Oldřich Fatka, Jessie Cuvelier, Czech Geological Survey [Praha], Géosystèmes - UMR 8217 (Géosystèmes), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: Lower Devonian, Aire Barrandienne, Dévonien inférieur, Bassin de Prague, Trilobita, Barrandian area, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Trilobite, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Prague Basin, Phacopida, Phacopidae
Abstract: International audience; A rare, complete specimen of Zlichovaspis (Zlichovaspis) rugosa rugosa (Hawle & Corda, 1847) with in situ articulated hypostome is described from the locality Tetín Hill near Beroun (Bohemia). This unique sample is stored in the Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille (France). Dalmanitid trilobites with articulated hypostome represent very rare findings worldwide, although these trilobites show the conterminant type of the hypostome. Although these trilobites are a common component of Devonian communities inhabiting Prague Basin, only eight specimens with hypostome attached to the doublure and/or hypostome preserved very close to the doublure have been described; they all belong to the common species Zlichovaspis (Zlichovaspis) rugosa rugosa and Odontochile cristata Hawle & Corda, 1847, respectively. The newly described specimen represents most probably a carcass. It is the best preserved specimen of this species with hypostome in situ and provides the opportunity to reconstruct the 3D orientation of the hypostome and its relation to the cephalon for the first time. The possible causes of the apparent paucity of specimens with hypostome in situ in Devonian dalmanitid trilobites are discussed.; Un rare spécimen complet de Zlichovaspis (Zlichovaspis) rugosa rugosa (Hawle & Corda, 1847) avec son hypostome articulé provenant de la localité de Tetín Hill près de Beroun (Bohême) est décrit. Cet exemplaire unique est conservé au Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille (France). Les trilobites dalmanitides avec un hypostome articulé représentent de rares découvertes à l'échelle mondiale, malgré la présence d'un hypostome de type conterminant. Bien que constituant une composante commune des communautés dévoniennes du Bassin de Prague, seuls huit spécimens avec un hypostome attaché à la doublure et/ou un hypostome préservé à proximité de la doublure ont été décrits ; ils appartiennent tous à l'espèce commune Zlichovaspis (Zlichovaspis) rugosa rugosa. Le nouveau spécimen représente très probablement une carcasse. C'est le spécimen le mieux préservé de cette espèce avec son hypostome in situ. Il fournit ainsi pour la première fois l'opportunité de reconstruire l'orientation 3-D de l'hypostome et sa relation avec le céphalon. Les causes possibles de cette rareté apparente de trilobites dalmanitides dévoniens ayant conservé un hypostome in situ sont également discutées.
Published: 2012

21. The last 11 glacial-interglacial cycles recorded in a single speleothem from Corchia Cave

Author: Drysdale, R.N., Couchoud, Isabelle, Zanchetta, G., Hellstrom, J. C., Spötl, C., Woodhead, J. D., Perrette, Yves, Baneshi, I., Bajo, P., Gagnan, M.K., Isola, Ilaria, Greig, A., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, and Foray, Charlotte
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

22. Geology and Correlation of the Mersin Mélanges, Southern Turkey

Author: GERARD STAMPFLI, ROSSANA MARTINI, DANIEL VACHARD, PAULIAN DUMITRICA, HEINZ W. KOZUR, OLIVIER MASSET, LAURENT BECCALETTO, PATRICE MOIX, Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL (IGP), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geologisches Institüt - ETHZ, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Rezsu u., Géosystèmes - UMR 8157, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Department of Geology and Palaeontology - UNIGE, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL, Géosystèmes (UMR 8157), and Université de Lille
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Permian, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Huğlu-Pindos, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Ophiolite, 01 natural sciences, Obduction, Paleontology, Passive margin, ddc:550, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, mélange, Neotethys, biology, pelagic, biology.organism_classification, Triassic, Cretaceous, Molasse, Palaeotethys, Pennsylvanian, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Conodont, Geology
Abstract: National audience; Our paper aims to give a thorough description of the infra-ophiolitic mélanges associated with the Mersin ophiolite. We propose new regional correlations of the Mersin mélanges with other mélange-like units or similar series, located both in southern Turkey and adjacent regions. The palaeotectonic implications of the correlations are also discussed. The main results may be summarized as follows: the infra-ophiolitic mélange is subdivided into two units, the Upper Cretaceous Sorgun ophiolitic mélange and the Ladinian−Carnian Hacialanı mélange. The Mersin mélanges, together with the Antalya and Mamonia domains, are represented by a series of exotic units now found south of the main Taurus range, and are characteristic of the South-Taurides Exotic Units. These mélanges clearly show the mixed origin of the different blocks and broken formations. Some components have a Palaeotethyan origin and are characterized by Pennsylvanian and Lower to Middle Permian pelagic and slope deposits. These Palaeotethyan remnants, found exclusively in the Hacialanı mélange, were reworked as major olistostromes in the Neotethys basin during the Eo-Cimmerian orogenic event. Neotethyan elements are represented by Middle Triassic seamounts and by broken formations containing typical Neotethyan conodont faunas such as Metapolygnathus mersinensis Kozur & Moix and M. primitius s. s., both present in the latest Carnian interval, as well as the occurrence of the middle Norian Epigondolella praeslovakensis Kozur, Masset & Moix. Other elements are clearly derived from the former north Anatolian passive margin and are represented by Huğlu-type series including the Upper Triassic syn-rift volcanic event. These sequences attributed to the Huğlu-Pindos back-arc ocean were displaced southward during the Late Cretaceous obduction event. The Tauric elements are represented by Eo-Cimmerian flysch-like and molasse sequences intercalated in Neotethyan series. Additionally, some shallow-water blocks might be derived from the Bolkardağ paraautochthonous and the Taurus-Beydağları marginal sequences.
Published: 2010

23. Chronology and climate forcing of the last four interglacials

Author: Sirocko, Frank, Claussen, Martin, Litt, Thomas, Fernanda Sanchez Goni, Maria, Berger, André, Boettger, Tatjana, Diehl, Markus, Desprat, Stéphanie, Delmonte, Barbara, Degering, Detlev, Frechen, Manfred, A. Geyh, Mebus, Groeger, Matthias, Kageyama, Masa, Kaspar, Frank, Kühl, Norbert, Kubatzki, Claudia, Lohmann, Gerrit, Loutre, Marie-France, Müller, Ulrich, Rein, Bert, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Roucoux, Katy, Rousseau, Denis-Didier, Seelos, Klemens, Siddall, Mark, Scholz, Denis, Spötl, Christoph, Urban, Brigitte, Vautravers, Maryline, Velichko, Andre, Wenzel, Stefan, Widmann, Martin, Wünnemann, Bernd, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Paleontology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Centre for Environmental Change and Quaternary Research, University of Gloucestershire (Cheltenham, GB), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institute of Geosciences [Frankfurt am Main], Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften [Darmstadt], Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Frank Sirocko, Martin Claussen, María Fernanda Sánchez Goñi, Thomas Litt, Sirocko, F, Claussen, M, Sánchez-Goni, MF, Litt, TH, Litt, T, Sánchez Goni, M, Berger, A, Boettger, T, Diehl, M, Desprat, S, Delmonte, B, Degering, D, Frechen, M, Geyh, M, Groeger, M, Kageyama, M, Kaspar, F, Kühl, N, Kubatzki, C, Lohmann, G, Loutre, M, Müller, U, Rein, B, Rosendahl, W, Roucoux, K, Rousseau, D, Seelos, K, Siddall, M, Scholz, D, Spötl, C, Urban, B, Vautravers, M, Velichko, A, Wenzel, S, Widmann, S, Wünnemann, B, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Climate forcing, Quaternary, Interglacials, Holocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Interglacial, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GEO/04 - GEOGRAFIA FISICA E GEOMORFOLOGIA, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Eemian, Interglacial climate, Interglacials, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Eemian sediments, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology
Abstract: International audience; The last four interglacials (intervals during which global ice volume was similar to, or less than, that of our current warm stage) correspond to the warmest parts of the marine oxygen isotope stages marine isotopic age (MIS) 5, 7, 9, and 11. These interglacials followed the 100-kyr rhythm of eccentricity, but each had different insolation regimes, different durations, different ice volumes, and different sea-level heights. However, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations were similar and reached values, which, largely, were close to those of the current interglacial (Holocene or MIS 1) before the industrial revolution led to the artificial enrichment of the atmosphere's greenhouse gas concentrations via the burning of fossil fuels. This chapter summarizes the state of knowledge on each of the climatic warm intervals.
Published: 2007

24. Mosaic of environments recorded by bryozoan faunas from the Middle Miocene of Hungary

Author: Gilles Escarguel, Pierre Moissette, Alfréd Dulai, Miklós Kázmér, Jean-Paul Saint Martin, Pál Müller, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Hungarian Natural History Museum (Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum), Department of Palaeontology, Eötvös University, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Hungarian Geological Institute [Budapest], Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Carbonate platform, Coral, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Marl, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hungary, Ecology, Terrigenous sediment, Bryozoans, Central Paratethys, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Middle Miocene, chemistry, Badenian, Benthic zone, Facies, Carbonate, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract: International audience; The marine sediments of the Badenian (Middle Miocene) of Hungary (Pannonian Basin, Central Paratethys) are composed of abundant bryozoan skeletal grains. Seventy-one bulk samples collected at 18 localities (outcrops and boreholes) yielded a total number of 238 bryozoan species. In order to reconstruct the Badenian palaeoenvironments, the present study investigates the composition of this very diverse fauna using a combination of statistical and palaeoecological methods. The statistical analyses make use of Cluster Analysis and Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling. The palaeoecological approaches are based on the known ecological requirements of the bryozoan colonial growth forms and of the numerous extant species. Five facies have first been differentiated on the basis of sedimentological and palaeontological features: coral buildups, coralline algal limestones, biocalcarenites, sands, and marls. Each of them is characterized by the abundance, the diversity and the types of growth forms of the bryozoans. The palaeoecological, statistical and facies analyses further permitted to identify four depositional settings: carbonate platform (distal and proximal), terrigenous platform, slope, and basin. These environments developed at depths between 0 to about 300 m in a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic depositional system. Skeletal production and spatial distribution of carbonate factories were predominantly controlled by terrigenous input. This resulted in a complex mosaic of facies/habitats where rich bryozoan faunas could thrive. Many warm-water organisms, among them foraminifers, zooxanthellate corals, molluscs, bryozoans, and echinoids, were recorded from the study sites. The coexistence of coralgal and bryomol carbonate skeletal assemblages in this subtropical setting is explained mostly by variations in the productivity of surface waters. Periods of nutrient enrichment and increased benthic eutrophication affected coral diversity and abundance in favour of bryozoans.
Published: 2007

25. Bryozoan faunas in the Middle Miocene of Hungary: biodiversity and biogeography

Author: Alfréd Dulai, Pál Müller, Pierre Moissette, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Palaeontology, and Hungarian Natural History Museum (Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Fauna, Biogeography, Biodiversity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Common species, 14. Life underwater, Endemism, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hungary, Ecology, Bryozoans, Central Paratethys, 15. Life on land, Middle Miocene, Badenian, Benthic zone, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, Global biodiversity
Abstract: International audience; A study of the Badenian (Middle Miocene) marine deposits of Hungary yielded a rich bryozoan fauna of 238 species comprising 59 cyclostomes, 176 cheilostomes, and 3 ctenostomes. Six palaeobiogeographic groups have been identified among this fauna on the basis of the present-day and fossil distribution of the species. Similarities within the Central Paratethys and between the Central Paratethys, the Mediterranean and the Atlantic have then been calculated using Jaccard's index. The results indicate strong affinities between the Central Paratethyan basins of Hungary, Austria, Poland, and Romania. The higher number of species and the lower level of endemism observed in Hungary is explained by the vicinity of this basin to the entrance of the water seaway connecting the Mediterranean to the Paratethys. A decrease in taxonomic diversity between the Early and the Late Badenian is also observed, accompanied by the absence of most tropical taxa from the Late Badenian. This points towards a less optimal climate and a more pronounced isolation of the Badenian sea from the oceanic waters. The major result of the comparative study between Central Paratethyan and Mediterranean bryozoan faunas is the presence of numerous common species. The number of endemic Paratethyan species is however relatively high, indicating that the bryozoan faunas of both seas evolved in a relative isolation. The exchange of faunas between the Mediterranean and the Paratethys was probably regulated by an anti-estuarine circulation permitting an easier incursion of Mediterranean species into the Paratethys, but hindering the Paratethyan endemics from entering the Mediterranean. The stronger affinity between Hungarian and Mediterranean faunas also shows that this basin was closer to the entrance of the water seaway connecting the two areas and thus the Mediterranean species entered more easily. The similarity index between Central Paratethys and Atlantic faunas is much lower than with the Mediterranean. This indicates that the palaeobiogeographic domain formed by the Mediterranean and the Paratethys was relatively homogeneous during the Middle Miocene and that the relationships with the Atlantic were weaker. Exchange of benthic organisms between the Central Paratethys and the Indo-Pacific during the Middle Miocene is considered here as extremely improbable.
Published: 2006

26. Deciphering of six blocks of Gondwanan origin within Eastern Indonesia (South East Asia)

Author: Jean-Pierre Réhault, Christian Honthaas, Florent Hinschberger, Hervé Bellon, Rossana Martini, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Safri Burhannuddin, Christophe Monnier, Olivier Bellier, Michel Villeneuve, Géologie des Systèmes Carbonatés (FRE 2761 ), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie Paléontolologie, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology, University of Hasanuddin, Transferts continentaux : forçages anthropiques, climatiques et géodynamiques, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géologie des environnements aquatiques continentaux (GéEAC EA 2100), Université de Tours (UT), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Department of Geology and Palaeontology - UNIGE, Académie des Sciences, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Tours, Département Technologie des Polymères et Composites & Ingénierie Mécanique (TPCIM), École des Mines de Douai (Mines Douai EMD), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Plaeogeography, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Late Miocene, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Banda Sea basins, Paleontology, North-eastern Gondwana margin fragmentation, Passive margin, ddc:550, 14. Life underwater, Gondwana margin fragmentation, North-easternGondwana margin fragmentation, East Indonesia, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Pacific Plate, Tectonics, Australia, Geology, Block (meteorology), Indonesian blocks, Plate tectonics, Gondwana, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Paleogeography, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Paleogene
Abstract: International audience; The French Indonesian research programs, both conducted on land and offshore in the Banda Sea basins area, have led us to formulate a new interpretation of the East Indonesian geological components. In this area we distinguish, within the three main tectonic plates (Eurasian, Indo-Australian and Philippine-Pacific), seven blocks. Six blocks are deciphered as issued from the north-eastern Gondwanan margin and only one (the Halmahera block) issued from the Pacific plate. Among the Gondwanan blocks, two of them, namely Timor (probably originates from "Greater India") and Kolonodale (or the Argo block) came from the north-west Australian margin. The Lucipara, Seram and Banggai-Sula blocks originated from the western extension of the Papua-New Guinea Island while the Irian Jaya block is still linked to the North Australian margin. The last one, the Halmahera block, originated from the Pacific plate, moved westward along the North Papua-New-Guinea margin up to its present position in the northern part of the Banda Sea area. Our interpretation is mainly based on the lithostratigraphic succession, the geological evolution and the Early Mesozoic paleoposition of these blocks with respect to the climatic environment deduced from micropaleontological studies. According to previous studies, the Timor and Kolonodale blocks were detached from Gondwana during the Jurassic whereas the Lucipara, Seram and Banggai-Sula blocks were detached from Papua-New Guinea Island during the Neogene period. All these Gondwanan blocks collided with the Eurasian active margin, in the vicinity of Sulawesi Island: Timor and Kolonodale had joined the Eurasian margin by the end of the Paleogene, while Lucipara, Seram and Banggai-Sula collided with Sulawesi Island between the Middle Miocene to Middle Pliocene. After the collisions the last three blocks together with the Kolonodale block did not move again but suffered the opening of North and South Banda back-arc basins, by the Late Miocene. On the contrary, part of the Timor block moved south together with the southern margin of the south Banda basin and, later on during the middle Pliocene, collided with the northern Australian margin. The detachment of these blocks from the Gondwana margin, and their amalgamation with the Eurasian margin, are discussed and illustrated through palaeogeographic maps.

27. Bipedalism or bipedalisms: The os coxae of StW 573.

Author: Crompton R, Elton S, Heaton J, Pickering T, Carlson K, Jashashvili T, Beaudet A, Bruxelles L, Kuman K, Thorpe SK, Hirasaki E, Scott C, Sellers W, Pataky T, Clarke R, and McClymont J
Abstract: There has been a long debate about the possibility of multiple contemporaneous species of Australopithecus in both eastern and southern Africa, potentially exhibiting different forms of bipedal locomotion. Here, we describe the previously unreported morphology of the os coxae in the 3.67 Ma Australopithecus prometheus StW 573 from Sterkfontein Member 2, comparing it with variation in ossa coxae in living humans and apes as well as other Plio-Pleistocene hominins. Statistical comparisons indicate that StW 573 and 431 resemble humans in their anteroposteriorly great iliac crest breadth compared with many other early australopiths, whereas Homo ergaster KNM WT 15000 surprisingly also has a relatively anterioposteriorly short iliac crest. StW 573 and StW 431 appear to resemble humans in having a long ischium compared with Sts 14 and KNM WT 15000. A Quadratic Discriminant Function Analysis of morphology compared with other Plio-Pleistocene hominins and a dataset of modern humans and hominoids shows that, while Lovejoy's heuristic model of the Ardipithecus ramidus os coxae falls with Pongo or in an indeterminate group, StW 573 and StW 431 from Sterkfontein Member 4 are consistently classified together with modern humans. Although clearly exhibiting the classic "basin shaped" bipedal pelvis, Sts 14 (also from Sterkfontein), AL 288-1 Australopithecus afarensis, MH2 Australopithecus sediba and KNM-WT 15000 occupy a position more peripheral to modern humans, and in some analyses are assigned to an indeterminate outlying group. Our findings strongly support the existence of two species of Australopithecus at Sterkfontein and the variation we observe in os coxae morphology in early hominins is also likely to reflect multiple forms of bipedality., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Anatomy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Anatomical Society.)
Published: 2024
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28. Reply to: Embracing the taxonomic and topological stability of phylogenomics.

Author: Lee H, Lee KS, Hsu CH, Lee CW, Li CE, Wang JK, Tseng CC, Chen WJ, Horng CC, Ford CT, Kroh A, Bronstein O, Tanaka H, Oji T, Lin JP, and Janies D
Subjects: Phylogeny, Genomics
Published: 2024
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29. Stomiosphaerina bakae sp. nov., a new calcareous dinocyst of the Upper Cretaceous of the Central European Basin.

Author: Ciurej A
Subjects: Humans, Ukraine, Calcium Carbonate, Cysts
Abstract: In this work the new species of Stomiosphaerina bakae sp. nov. is described. This is the third species of the genus Stomiosphaerina. Several dozen specimens of the newly described species were found within the Upper Cretaceous (upper Turonian) white chalk at Dubivtsi section near Halych in western Ukraine (south-eastern margin of Central European Basin). Stomiosphaerina bakae sp. nov. has an asymmetrical oval (pear-like shape) test, as it is wider in one side, and sharp in the opposite side, ranging from 55 to 67 μm in length and from 42 to 56.5 μm in width. It has a two-layered calcareous test. The outer layer, with thickness ranging from 4.5 to 6.5 μm, is built of long and wide plate-shaped calcite crystals and is white in plain-polarized light with a dark cross in crossed-polarized light. The inner layer, with thickness ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 μm, is yellowish, goldish to brownish color in plain-polarized light, with proximal and distal side smooth and even, and is built of short fibrous calcite crystals, without preferential orientation. One narrow (6 to 8 μm width) aperture is observed. Stomiosphaerina bakae sp. nov. differs from other species of Stomiosphaerina, i.e. Stomiosphaerina biedai Nowak 1974 and Stomiosphaerina proxima Řehánek 1987, by its cyst-shape, cyst-size, layers thickness, structure of outer layer and width of aperture. Stomiosphaerina bakae sp. nov. most likely corresponds to the non-defined species of Stomiosphaerina sp. described by Nowak 1974., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Agnieszka Ciurej. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2023
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30. Calcareous dinoflagellate blooms during the Late Cretaceous 'greenhouse' world-a case study from western Ukraine.

Author: Ciurej A, Dubicka Z, and Poberezhskyy A
Subjects: Ukraine, Seawater, Oceans and Seas, Plankton, Dinoflagellida
Abstract: The Late Cretaceous was a unique period in the history of the Earth characterized by elevated sea levels, reduced land area, and significantly high concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 resulting in increased temperatures across the globe-a 'Greenhouse World'. During this period, calcareous dinoflagellate cysts (c-dinocysts) flourished and became a ubiquitous constituent of calcifying plankton around the world. An acme in calcareous dinocysts during the Albian to the Turonian coincided with the highest recorded seawater surface temperatures and was possibly linked to conditions that favored calcification and a highly oligotrophic system in European shelf seas. This study examines the potential applicability of c-dinocysts as a proxy for paleoenvironmental conditions based on their assemblage changes plotted against foraminiferal occurrences and microfacies analysis. The material was extracted from the upper Turonian chalk of the Dubivtsi region in western Ukraine. An inverse correlation was observed between species diversity and the number of c-dinocyst specimens. Nutrient availability gradients apparently determined important changes in the calcareous dinocysts distribution. These trophic changes were likely caused by the interplay of eustatic sea-level fluctuations and Subhercynian tectonic activity leading to changeable nutrient inputs from the nearby land., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2023 Ciurej et al.)
Published: 2023
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31. Early Mesozoic burst of morphological disparity in the slow-evolving coelacanth fish lineage.

Author: Ferrante C and Cavin L
Subjects: Animals, Phylogeny, Biological Evolution, Fishes genetics, Hedgehog Proteins genetics, Fossils
Abstract: Since the split of the coelacanth lineage from other osteichthyans 420 million years ago, the morphological disparity of this clade has remained remarkably stable. Only few outliers with peculiar body shape stood out over the evolutionary history, but they were phylogenetically and stratigraphically independent of each other. Here, we report the discovery of a new clade of ancient latimeriid coelacanths representing a small flock of species present in the Western Tethys between 242 and 241 million years ago. Among the four species, two show highly derived anatomy. A new genus shows reversal to plesiomorphic conditions in its skull and caudal fin organisation. The new genus and its sister Foreyia have anatomical modules that moved from the general coelacanth Bauplau either in the same direction or in opposite direction that affect proportions of the body, opercle and fins. Comparisons with extant genetic models shows that changes of the regulatory network of the Hedgehog signal gene family may account for most of the altered anatomy. This unexpected, short and confined new clade represents the only known example of a burst of morphological disparity over the long history of coelacanths at a recovery period after the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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32. Validation of Dinocarcinus velauciensis Van Bakel, Hyžný, Valentin & Robin, a fossil crab (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) continental deposits of Velaux and vicinity, southern France.

Author: Bakel BWMV, Hyžný M, Valentin X, and Robin N
Subjects: Animals, Fossils, France, Brachyura, Songbirds, Decapoda
Published: 2023
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33. Phylogeny, ancestral ranges and reclassification of sand dollars.

Author: Lee H, Lee KS, Hsu CH, Lee CW, Li CE, Wang JK, Tseng CC, Chen WJ, Horng CC, Ford CT, Kroh A, Bronstein O, Tanaka H, Oji T, Lin JP, and Janies D
Subjects: Sea Urchins genetics, Animals, Oceans and Seas, Calibration, Phylogeny
Abstract: Classification of the Class Echinoidea is under significant revision in light of emerging molecular phylogenetic evidence. In particular, the sister-group relationships within the superorder Luminacea (Echinoidea: Irregularia) have been considerably updated. However, the placement of many families remains largely unresolved due to a series of incongruent evidence obtained from morphological, paleontological, and genetic data for the majority of extant representatives. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 25 taxa, belonging to eleven luminacean families. We proposed three new superfamilies: Astriclypeoidea, Mellitoidea, and Taiwanasteroidea (including Dendrasteridae, Taiwanasteridae, Scutellidae, and Echinarachniidae), instead of the currently recognized superfamily Scutelloidea Gray, 1825. In light of the new data obtained from ten additional species, the historical biogeography reconstructed shows that the tropical western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans are the cradle for early sand dollar diversification. Hothouse conditions during the late Cretaceous and early Paleogene were coupled with diversification events of major clades of sand dollars. We also demonstrate that Taiwan fauna can play a key role in terms of understanding the major Cenozoic migration and dispersal events in the evolutionary history of Luminacea., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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34. Reconciling diagnostic traits in living and fossil taxa: The taxonomy and evolution of the genus Microceratina (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cytheruridae).

Author: Danielopol DL, Cabral MC, Horne DJ, Namiotko T, and Lord AR
Subjects: Animals, Phylogeny, Microscopy, Phenotype, Fossils, Crustacea
Abstract: The original diagnosis of the genus Microceratina Swanson is re-examined with the aim of elucidating the evolutionary history of this living and fossil genus. The different systematic placements of this genus in one of three alternative suprageneric taxa, family Bythocytheridae Sars, family Cytheruridae G.W. Müller (subfamily Eucytherurinae Puri, emend. Maddocks & Steineck) and/or family Loxoconchidae Sars are reviewed. We provide details of a special type of tiny pores, named Loophole Sieve-type Pore Canals, and show how their morphology and position on the valve differ from the typical Sieve-type Pore Canals present in other superfamily Cytheroidea groups, especially members of the Loxoconchidae. A comparative analysis of the valve ornamentation, especially the structure of the anterior peripheral area, and posterior margin morphology, between selected taxa of the three subfamilies of the Cytheruridae (Cytherurinae, Cytheropterinae, Eucytherurinae) demonstrates that Microceratina species belong to a special phylogenetic lineage of Eucytherurinae, which differs from another lineage represented by the genus Xylocythere Maddocks & Steineck. This proposal is strengthened by examination of the limb traits of Microceratina martensi Namiotko et al., currently the only living species of the genus for which both valves and limbs are described; the description is extended herein. Key diagnostic traits of the genus Microceratina are presented, a new Early Jurassic age species is described, and two new combinations are proposed. The homeomorphic valve shapes of M. andreui sp. nov., M. amfibola and ?S. rectum (Loxoconchidae) support the value of the approach adopted herein: analysis of subtle morphological details with high-resolution microscopy.
Published: 2023
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35. Revision of the Middle Triassic coelacanth Ticinepomis Rieppel 1980 (Actinistia, Latimeriidae) with paleobiological and paleoecological considerations.

Author: Ferrante C, Furrer H, Martini R, and Cavin L
Abstract: Coelacanths form today an impoverished clade of sarcopterygian fishes, which were somewhat more diverse during their evolutionary history, especially in the Triassic. Since the first description of the coelacanth Ticinepomis peyeri from the Besano Formation of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Monte San Giorgio (Canton Ticino, Switzerland), the diversity of coelacanths in the Middle Triassic of this area of the western Paleo-Tethys has been enriched with discoveries of other fossil materials. At Monte San Giorgio, two specimens of Heptanema paradoxum and several specimens of the unusual coelacanth Rieppelia , have been reported from the Meride Limestone and the Besano Formation, respectively. Another unusual coelacanth, heinzfurreri , and two specimens referred to Foreyia maxkuhni , and two specimens referred to Ticinepomis have been described from the isochronous and paleogeographical close Prosanto Formation at the Ducanfurgga and Strel sites (near Davos, Canton Graubünden). In the framework of the revision of the coelacanth material from the Besano Formation kept in the collection of the Paläontologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Zürich (Switzerland), we reviewed the genus T. peyeri on the basis of the holotype and four new referred specimens. Several morphological traits that were little and/or not understood in Ticinepomis are here clarified. We re-evaluate the taxonomic attribution of the material of T. peyeri are here clarified. We re-evaluate the taxonomic attribution of the material of Ticinepomis cf. T. peyeri from the Prosanto Formation. Morphological characters are different enough from the type species, T. peyeri sp. nov., which is shown to be also present in the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio, where it is represented by fragmentary bone elements. The recognition of a new coelacanth species indicates that the diversity of this slow-evolving lineage was particularly high in this part of the Western Tethys during the Middle Triassic, especially between 242 and 240 million years ago.Ticinepomis ducanensis sp. nov., which is shown to be also present in the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio, where it is represented by fragmentary bone elements. The recognition of a new coelacanth species indicates that the diversity of this slow-evolving lineage was particularly high in this part of the Western Tethys during the Middle Triassic, especially between 242 and 240 million years ago., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) 2023.)
Published: 2023
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36. Taphonomic history and trophic interactions of an ammonoid fauna from the Upper Triassic Polzberg palaeobiota.

Author: Lukeneder A and Lukeneder P
Subjects: Animals, Fishes, Specimen Handling, Vertebrates, Cephalopoda, Fossils
Abstract: The taphonomic mechanisms of a mono- to pauci-specific ammonoid fauna comprising 3565 specimens from the lower Carnian Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte near Lunz am See (Northern Calcareous Alps, Lower Austria) is described. The fossiliferous layers were deposited during the Julian 2 Ib (Austrotrachyceras austriacum Zone, Austrotrachyceras minor biohorizon). The deposits comprise abundant nektic ammonoids of the trachyceratid genus Austrotrachyceras. The bivalve Halobia, dominant among the invertebrates, is followed in abundance by the ammonoids Austrotrachyceras and Paratrachyceras, the coleoid Phragmoteuthis and frequent vertebrate actinopterygian fish. The monotonous ammonoid assemblage comprises abundant Austrotrachyceras, frequent Paratrachyceras, rare Carnites and Simonyceras. Recently collected ammonoids were sampled bed-by-bed and compared to extensive historical collections from the same localities. Bromalites (coprolites and regurgitalites) produced by large durophagous fish comprise ammonoid and fish masses and accompany the ammonoid-dominated Polzberg palaeobiota. The ammonoid fauna here presents a window into the nektic cephalopod world of the Upper Triassic assemblage and palaeoenvironment during the deposition of the fossiliferous layers. The frequent occurrence of the vertically oriented (external side horizontal to bedding plane) ammonoid shell fragments hint at a deposition after lethal fish or coleoid attacks. The Polzberg ammonoids were deposited under calm and dysoxic conditions in fine-laminated marlstones and shales of the lower Carnian Polzberg Sub-Basin within the Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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37. A fossil assemblage from the mid-late Maastrichtian of Gavdos Island, Greece, provides insights into the pre-extinction pelagic ichthyofaunas of the Tethys.

Author: Argyriou T, Alexopoulos A, Carrillo-Briceño JD, and Cavin L
Subjects: Animals, Biological Evolution, Fishes, Greece, Vertebrates, Water, Fossils, Gastropoda
Abstract: The global body-fossil record of marine 'fishes' from the time interval immediately preceding the Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction is markedly poor. This deficiency appears to be further exacerbated with regards to offshore and deep-water taxa, obscuring our understanding of the state and composition of corresponding vertebrate faunas at the onset of this major extinction event. Recent fieldwork in the mid-late Maastrichtian exposures of the Pindos Unit in Gavdos Island, Greece, yielded a small but informative sample of fossil 'fishes', which inhabited the Tethys approximately three to four million years before the extinction. In this work we describe this sample, which comprises between eight and nine discrete morphotypes of various size classes, belonging to †Ichthyodectoidei, Aulopiformes (†Dercetidae, †Enchodontidae, †Ichthyotringidae), cf. †Sardinioididae, as well as the hexanchid shark †Gladioserratus sp. The new material expands the faunal list for the Maastrichtian of Gavdos Island, and the Pindos Unit as a whole, and further allows for the description of a new genus and species of †Enchodontidae and a new species of †Ichthyotringidae. The two new taxa are found to be widespread in the Maastrichtian of the Pindos Unit. The overall character of the assemblage agrees with previous interpretations of an offshore and rather deep depositional environment for the fossiliferous horizons. Furthermore, it exhibits a higher diversity than, and little taxonomic overlap with penecontemporaneous teleost assemblages from the Tethys, and informs on the otherwise poorly known Maastrichtian offshore and deep-water marine ichthyofaunas of the region., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2022
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38. Phylogenomic analyses of echinoid diversification prompt a re-evaluation of their fossil record.

Author: Mongiardino Koch N, Thompson JR, Hiley AS, McCowin MF, Armstrong AF, Coppard SE, Aguilera F, Bronstein O, Kroh A, Mooi R, and Rouse GW
Subjects: Animals, Bayes Theorem, Biological Evolution, Phylogeny, Sea Urchins genetics, Ecosystem, Fossils
Abstract: Echinoids are key components of modern marine ecosystems. Despite a remarkable fossil record, the emergence of their crown group is documented by few specimens of unclear affinities, rendering their early history uncertain. The origin of sand dollars, one of its most distinctive clades, is also unclear due to an unstable phylogenetic context. We employ 18 novel genomes and transcriptomes to build a phylogenomic dataset with a near-complete sampling of major lineages. With it, we revise the phylogeny and divergence times of echinoids, and place their history within the broader context of echinoderm evolution. We also introduce the concept of a chronospace - a multidimensional representation of node ages - and use it to explore methodological decisions involved in time calibrating phylogenies. We find the choice of clock model to have the strongest impact on divergence times, while the use of site-heterogeneous models and alternative node prior distributions show minimal effects. The choice of loci has an intermediate impact, affecting mostly deep Paleozoic nodes, for which clock-like genes recover dates more congruent with fossil evidence. Our results reveal that crown group echinoids originated in the Permian and diversified rapidly in the Triassic, despite the relative lack of fossil evidence for this early diversification. We also clarify the relationships between sand dollars and their close relatives and confidently date their origins to the Cretaceous, implying ghost ranges spanning approximately 50 million years, a remarkable discrepancy with their rich fossil record., Competing Interests: NM, JT, AH, MM, AA, SC, FA, OB, AK, RM, GR No competing interests declared, (© 2022, Mongiardino Koch et al.)
Published: 2022
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39. The first Jurassic coelacanth from Switzerland.

Author: Ferrante C, Menkveld-Gfeller U, and Cavin L
Abstract: Coelacanths form a clade of sarcopterygian fish represented today by a single genus, Latimeria . The fossil record of the group, which dates back to the Early Devonian, is sparse. In Switzerland, only Triassic sites in the east and southeast of the country have yielded fossils of coelacanths. Here, we describe and study the very first coelacanth of the Jurassic period (Toarcian stage) from Switzerland. The unique specimen, represented by a sub-complete individual, possesses morphological characteristics allowing assignment to the genus Libys (e.g., sensory canals opening through a large groove crossed by pillars), a marine coelacanth previously known only in the Late Jurassic of Germany. Morphological characters are different enough from the type species, Libys polypterus , to erect a new species of Libys named Libys callolepis sp. nov. The presence of Libys callolepis sp. nov. in Lower Jurassic beds extends the stratigraphic range of the genus Libys by about 34 million years, but without increasing considerably its geographic distribution. Belonging to the modern family Latimeriidae, the occurrence of Libys callolepis sp. nov. heralds a long period, up to the present day, of coelacanth genera with very long stratigraphic range and reduced morphological disparity, which have earned them the nickname of 'living fossils'., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
Published: 2022
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40. The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct 'living fossils'.

Author: Cavin L, Toriño P, Van Vranken N, Carter B, Polcyn MJ, and Winkler D
Subjects: Animals, North America, Phylogeny, Biological Evolution, Extinction, Biological, Bone and Bones anatomy & histology, Fossils, Fishes anatomy & histology, Fishes classification
Abstract: Today, the only living genus of coelacanth, Latimeria is represented by two species along the eastern coast of Africa and in Indonesia. This sarcopterygian fish is nicknamed a "living fossil", in particular because of its slow evolution. The large geographical distribution of Latimeria may be a reason for the great resilience to extinction of this lineage, but the lack of fossil records for this genus prevents us from testing this hypothesis. Here we describe isolated bones (right angular, incomplete basisphenoid, fragments of parasphenoid and pterygoid) found in the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation in northeast Texas that are referred to the mawsoniid coelacanth Mawsonia sp. In order to assess the impact of this discovery on the alleged characteristic of "living fossils" in general and of coelacanths in particular: 1) we compared the average time duration of genera of ray-finned fish and coelacanth in the fossil record; 2) we compared the biogeographic signal from Mawsonia with the signal from the rest of the vertebrate assemblage of the Woodbine formation; and 3) we compared these life traits with those of Latimeria. The stratigraphical range of Mawsonia is at least 50 million years. Since Mawsonia was a fresh, brackish water fish with probably a low ability to cross large sea barriers and because most of the continental components of the Woodbine Fm vertebrate assemblage exhibit Laurasian affinities, it is proposed that the Mawsonia's occurrence in North America is more likely the result of a vicariant event linked to the break-up of Pangea rather than the result of a dispersal from Gondwana. The link between a wide geographic distribution and the resilience to extinction demonstrated here for Mawsonia is a clue that a similar situation existed for Latimeria, which allowed this genus to live for tens of millions of years., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2021
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41. The Upper Triassic Polzberg palaeobiota from a marine Konservat-Lagerstätte deposited during the Carnian Pluvial Episode in Austria.

Author: Lukeneder A and Lukeneder P
Abstract: A rich assemblage of various marine taxa from the lower Carnian Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte near Lunz am See (Northern Calcareous Alps, Lower Austria) is described for the first time in detail. The fossiliferous layers were deposited during the Julian 2 Ib (Austrotrachyceras austriacum Zone, Austrotrachyceras minor biohorizon). The fine-laminated Reingraben Shales comprise abundant and well-preserved members of the marine Carnian food chain. Invertebrates with the bivalve Halobia, the ammonite Austrotrachyceras and the coleoid Phragmoteuthis dominate over vertebrate actinopterygian fishes. Fragile groups such as polychaetes and isopods are entirely preserved as soft body fossils. The diverse assemblage comprises ammonites (Austrotrachyceras, Carnites, Sageceras, Simonyceras), coleoids (Phragmoteuthis, Lunzoteuthis), bivalves (Halobia), gastropods (caenogastropods/heterobranchs), one echinoid, thylacocephalan arthropods (Austriocaris), crustaceans (the decapod Platychela and isopods such as Obtusotelson, Discosalaputium), polychaetes (Palaeoaphrodite sp., eunicid polychaete), acytinopterygians (Saurichthys, Polzbergia, Peltopleurus, Habroichthys), cartilaginous fishes (Acrodus), coelacanth fish ("Coelacanthus"), a lungfish (Tellerodus), and a conodont cluster (Mosherella). Regurgitalites produced by large durophagous fish and coprolites produced by piscivorous actinopterygians accompany the Polzberg palaeobiota along with rare plant remains (Voltzia). The entire fauna of Polzberg and the excellent preservation of the specimens present a window into the Upper Triassic assemblage and palaeoenvironment during the so-called Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE) in the early Mesozoic. The occurrence of the freshwater lungfish Tellerodus and the branchiopod Eustheria, a member of brackish to freshwater environments, points to the influence of occasional freshwater pulses or sediment transport events on the marine environment. The Polzberg palaeobiota was deposited during the global CPE, triggering the environmental conditions of the Polzberg Basin and resulting in the formation of the Reingraben Shales with the Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
Published: 2021
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42. Giant Mesozoic coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) reveal high body size disparity decoupled from taxic diversity.

Author: Cavin L, Piuz A, Ferrante C, and Guinot G
Subjects: Animals, Biological Evolution, Fossils, Biodiversity, Biological Variation, Individual, Body Size, Fishes anatomy & histology, Fishes classification
Abstract: The positive correlation between speciation rates and morphological evolution expressed by body size is a macroevolutionary trait of vertebrates. Although taxic diversification and morphological evolution are slow in coelacanths, their fossil record indicates that large and small species coexisted, which calls into question the link between morphological and body size disparities. Here, we describe and reassess fossils of giant coelacanths. Two genera reached up to 5 m long, placing them among the ten largest bony fish that ever lived. The disparity in body size adjusted to taxic diversity is much greater in coelacanths than in ray-finned fishes. Previous studies have shown that rates of speciation and rates of morphological evolution are overall low in this group, and our results indicate that these parameters are decoupled from the disparity in body size in coelacanths. Genomic and physiological characteristics of the extant Latimeria may reflect how the extinct relatives grew to such a large size. These characteristics highlight new evolutionary traits specific to these "living fossils".
Published: 2021
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43. Fossil evidence for vampire squid inhabiting oxygen-depleted ocean zones since at least the Oligocene.

Author: Košťák M, Schlögl J, Fuchs D, Holcová K, Hudáčková N, Culka A, Fözy I, Tomašových A, Milovský R, Šurka J, and Mazuch M
Subjects: Animals, Decapodiformes ultrastructure, Hypoxia, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Oceans and Seas, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, X-Ray Microtomography, Acclimatization, Biological Evolution, Decapodiformes metabolism, Ecosystem, Fossils ultrastructure, Oxygen metabolism
Abstract: A marked 120 My gap in the fossil record of vampire squids separates the only extant species (Vampyroteuthis infernalis) from its Early Cretaceous, morphologically-similar ancestors. While the extant species possesses unique physiological adaptations to bathyal environments with low oxygen concentrations, Mesozoic vampyromorphs inhabited epicontinental shelves. However, the timing of their retreat towards bathyal and oxygen-depleted habitats is poorly documented. Here, we document a first record of a post-Mesozoic vampire squid from the Oligocene of the Central Paratethys represented by a vampyromorph gladius. We assign Necroteuthis hungarica to the family Vampyroteuthidae that links Mesozoic loligosepiids with Recent Vampyroteuthis. Micropalaeontological, palaeoecological, and geochemical analyses demonstrate that Necroteuthis hungarica inhabited bathyal environments with bottom-water anoxia and high primary productivity in salinity-stratified Central Paratethys basins. Vampire squids were thus adapted to bathyal, oxygen-depleted habitats at least since the Oligocene. We suggest that the Cretaceous and the early Cenozoic OMZs triggered their deep-sea specialization.
Published: 2021
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44. A new species of Bathynomus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 (Malacostraca: Peracarida: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the upper Miocene of the Guadalquivir Basin (Spain).

Author: HyŽnÝ M, Campos IB, and Carretero JC
Subjects: Animals, Fossils, Spain, Isopoda
Abstract: Today representatives of the giant cirolanid isopods of the genus Bathynomus inhabit tropical to warm-temperate waters of the West Atlantic and the Indo-West Pacific. In not so distant geological past, however, the genus was present also in the Mediterranean, as documented by numerous fossils from the Plio-Pleistocene of Italy. Herein, a somewhat older occurrence of the genus is reported, from the North-East Atlantic. Based on a single posterior moult from the upper Miocene (Tortonian) of southwestern Spain, a new species is described. Bathynomus civisi sp. nov. differs from its congeners by both uropod rami having the obtuse distolateral corner produced as a distinct tip and a wider gap between the second and third side distal spines than between others. The new species is so far known only from the type locality in close vicinity of Arroyo Trujillo, in the municipality of Cantillana (Seville, Spain), where the marls of the Écija Formation are exposed. At the time of deposition of these marls, the area represented a part of the Norbetic Strait, a corridor connecting the North-East Atlantic with the Mediterranean. The new occurrence reported herein further supports the environmental preferences of the genus throughout its geological past for deep-marine settings.
Published: 2020
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45. Revision of the Miocene shrimp Callianassa kerepesiensis Müller, 1976 (Malacostraca, Decapoda), with a description of a new species.

Author: HyŽnÝ M
Subjects: Animals, Fossils, Decapoda
Abstract: Based on the re-examination of the type and additional material of a fossorial shrimp Callianassa kerepesiensis Müller, 1976, from the middle Miocene (Badenian) of Hungary, the species is re-assigned to Calliax de Saint Laurent, 1973. Additionally, Callianassa reinhardpalorum sp. nov. is described based on the morphologically similar cheliped elements, classified at one time as C. cf. kerepesiensis. Both species, Callianassa reinhardpalorum sp. nov. and Calliax kerepesiensis comb. nov., have extant congeners inhabiting modern Mediterranean Sea and north-east Atlantic. The sedimentology of the localities with remains of the studied fossil taxa corresponds with the environmental preferences of their extant congeners, suggesting they inhabited marine settings with slightly changing salinity and the water depth not exceeding 20 m.
Published: 2020
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46. The last known freshwater coelacanths: New Late Cretaceous mawsoniid remains (Osteichthyes: Actinistia) from Southern France.

Author: Cavin L, Buffetaut E, Dutour Y, Garcia G, Le Loeuff J, Méchin A, Méchin P, Tong H, Tortosa T, Turini E, and Valentin X
Subjects: Animals, Fossils, France, Phylogeny, Skull anatomy & histology, Fishes anatomy & histology, Fishes classification
Abstract: Coelacanths are iconic fishes represented today by a single marine genus. The group was a little bit more diversified in the Mesozoic, with representatives in marine and continental environments in the Late Cretaceous. Here we describe isolated skull bones of the last know freshwater coelacanths found in several fossil sites from the Early Campanian to the Early Maastrichtian of Southern France (in the Departments of Aude, Bouches-du-Rhône, Hérault, and Var). The sample does not allow distinguishing different species, and all material is referred to Axelrodichthys megadromos Cavin, Valentin, Garcia originally described from the locality of Ventabren in Southern France. A reconstruction of the skull is proposed. Previously unrecognized features are described, including parts of the postparietal portion of the skull, of the suspensorium and of the mandible. The new data confirm the assignation of the species to the mawsoniids, and more specifically to Axelrodichthys. A cladistic analysis scoring new character states provides a similar topology than a previous analysis, i.e. A. megadromos is placed in a polytomy with Axelrodichthys araripensis and Lualabaea lerichei, two species from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and from the Late Jurassic of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, respectively. A. megadromos appears to have been restricted to freshwater environments, to the contrary of oldest Western Gondwanan representatives of the family that were able to live in brackish and marine waters. A. megadromos is the last representative of the mawsoniids and its occurrence in Europe is probably the result of a dispersal event from Western Gondwana that happened somewhen in the Cretaceous. Based on the available data, the mawsoniids went extinct in the mid-Maastrichthian, i.e. before the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. But it is possible that the fossil record of this family, which has been only recently recognized in Late Cretaceous European deposits, will geographically and stratigraphically widen with further discoveries., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2020
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47. Re-evaluating the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic early Cambrian deuterostome Yanjiahella.

Author: Zamora S, Wright DF, Mooi R, Lefebvre B, Guensburg TE, Gorzelak P, David B, Sumrall CD, Cole SR, Hunter AW, Sprinkle J, Thompson JR, Ewin TAM, Fatka O, Nardin E, Reich M, Nohejlová M, and Rahman IA
Subjects: Animals, China, Phylogeny, Echinodermata, Fossils
Published: 2020
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48. The first complete mitochondrial genome of the sand dollar Sinaechinocyamus mai (Echinoidea: Clypeasteroida).

Author: Lin JP, Tsai MH, Kroh A, Trautman A, Machado DJ, Chang LY, Reid R, Lin KT, Bronstein O, Lee SJ, and Janies D
Subjects: Animals, Phylogeny, Sea Urchins classification, Genome, Mitochondrial, Sea Urchins genetics
Abstract: Morphologic and molecular data often lead to different hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships. Such incongruence has been found in the echinoderm class Echinoidea. In particular, the phylogenetic status of the order Clypeasteroida is not well resolved. Complete mitochondrial genomes are currently available for 29 echinoid species, but no clypeasteroid had been sequenced to date. DNA extracted from a single live individual of Sinaechinocyamus mai was sequenced with 10× Genomics technology. This first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) for the order Clypeasteroida is 15,756 base pairs in length. Phylogenomic analysis based on 34 ingroup taxa belonging to nine orders of the class Echinoidea show congruence between our new genetic inference and published trees based on morphologic characters, but also includes some intriguing differences that imply the need for additional investigation., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2020
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49. The oldest freshwater crabs: claws on dinosaur bones.

Author: Robin N, van Bakel BWM, Hyžný M, Cincotta A, Garcia G, Charbonnier S, Godefroit P, and Valentin X
Subjects: Animals, Biological Evolution, Brachyura classification, Dinosaurs classification, Fresh Water, Models, Biological, Paleontology methods, Species Specificity, Bone and Bones anatomy & histology, Brachyura anatomy & histology, Dinosaurs anatomy & histology, Fossils, Hoof and Claw anatomy & histology
Abstract: With approximately 1,500 extant species, freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) are among the most diverse decapod crustaceans. Nevertheless, their fossil record is extremely limited: only Potamidae, Potamonautidae and Trichodactylidae are reported up to the Eocene of the Neotropics so far. This work documents unusually large decapod claws from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) continental deposits of Velaux and vicinity (southern France), in close association with large vertebrate remains. In addition to (1) the systematic assignment of these claws, the study addresses (2) the salinity trends in the deposit environment from its faunal assemblage and the elementary chemical patterns of fossils, and (3) the likely scenario for their auto/allochthony in the Velaux fluvial system. These claws belong to a new taxon, Dinocarcinus velauciensis n. gen. n. sp., referred to as Portunoidea sensu lato, a group of "true" crabs nowadays linked to marine systems. However, the faunal assemblage, the claw taphonomy and the carbonates Y/Ho signatures support their ancient freshwater/terrestrial ecology, making them the oldest reported continental brachyurans and extending the presence of crabs in freshwater environments by 40 Ma. Either as primary or as secondary freshwater crabs, the occurrence of these portunoids in Velaux is an evidence for the independent colonizations of continental environments by multiple brachyuran clades over time, as early as the Campanian.
Published: 2019
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50. The first mitochondrial genome of the model echinoid Lytechinus variegatus and insights into Odontophoran phylogenetics.

Author: Bronstein O and Kroh A
Subjects: Animals, Lytechinus classification, Genome, Mitochondrial, Lytechinus genetics, Phylogeny
Abstract: Assembly of publically available next-generation sequence data facilitated the generation of three camarodont echinoid mitogenomes: two for the Green Urchin (Lytechinus variegatus) and one for the Red Urchin (Mesocentrotus franciscanus). The data generated are exploited in a phylogenomic analysis of the superfamily Odontophora, originally proposed for echinoids with tooth supports on the epiphyses of the jaw. The analysis highly supports this taxon and its current subdivision into three families: the Echinometridae, Toxopneustidae, and Strongylocentrotidae. The analysis furthermore implies that historical taxonomic issues between two members of the genus Strongylocentrotus (S. pallidus and S. droebachiensis) may have a genetic basis. The novel mitogenomes for the model species L. variegatus complements the draft genome available for this taxon, one of only three genome-enabled echinoid species. The assembly method applied herein, follows a divide-and-conquer approach that provides for reduced computational requirements and facilitates resolving assembly problems when processing ultra-high coverage next-generation sequence data., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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