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The game approach for decision-making to the development of information systems is developed in the article. The model of the problem of decision-making considering prediction based on multivariable regression method is presented. The example of base of knowledge for predicting the impact of development of information system on the state of the environment was shown. For estimating the performance of the functions of information systems multiplicative criterion was used, for estimating the level of developing an additive criterion was used. The activity diagram to calculate the elements of the payment matrix that is used to solve the game by dynamic programming is suggested in the paper.

The calculation of risk based on forecasts of the structure of information system. The following are some factors and characteristics of risk inconsistent development. To calculate the probability of danger used exponentially-multiplicative approximation. To predict the development used a modified logistic curve.

The paper applies the technique of the “relaxation” method to the problem of fluid-film lubrication. It is found that a solution to Osborne Reynolds's governing equation can be obtained by this means in all cases of practical importance. The method also renders possible a new treatment of the difficulty presented by the occurrence of divergent films in journal bearings.The problem is shown to be tractable even when viscosity is correctly treated as a function of both temperature and pressure; moreover, as a part of this treatment, means of estimating the temperature distribution over the bearing surface are provided.A numerical example is used to illustrate the modifications in the solution resulting from viscosity variation.

The rapid development in technology has led to the emergence of online education, which permits educational institutions to give courses online. During the Covid 19 crisis, it was the first time that online education was implemented at all academic levels. A mechanism was adopted by institutions and universities to plan and arrange the progress of the study by administrators and responsible, while the teachers are prepared for the task of following up the education of the students using a variety of methods and programs. There was a challenge on the possibility of success of online education and the extent to which educational institutions are ready to implement it, especially since some students and teachers are living that experience for the first time. With life returning to regular and face-to-face teaching in schools, it is necessary to know the students’ experience with online education compared to face-to-face education. This study aimed to investigate the opinion and satisfaction of students of Marmara University with online education. The study was conducted using cognitive theory and quantitative methods. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included Marmara University students and it was analyzed by SPSS frequency. Teknolojideki hızlı gelişme, eğitim kurumlarının çevrimiçi kurslar sunmasına izin veren çevrimiçi eğitimin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Covid 19 krizi sırasında ilk kez online eğitim tüm eğitim kademelerinde uygulandı. Yöneticiler ve sorumlular tarafından çalışmanın ilerleyişini planlamak ve düzenlemek için kurumlar ve üniversiteler tarafından bir mekanizma benimsenirken, öğretmenler çeşitli yöntem ve programlar kullanarak öğrencilerin eğitimlerini takip etme görevine hazırlanmıştır. Çevrimiçi eğitimin başarılı olma olasılığı ve eğitim kurumlarının onu uygulamaya ne ölçüde hazır olduğu, özellikle de bazı öğrenci ve öğretmenlerin bu deneyimi ilk kez yaşadıkları için bir zorluk vardı. Okullarda hayatın normale dönmesi ve yüz yüze eğitime geçilmesi ile birlikte öğrencilerin yüz yüze eğitime kıyasla online eğitim deneyimlerini bilmek gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma, Marmara Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin online eğitime yönelik görüş ve memnuniyetlerini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma bilişsel kuram ve nicel yöntemler kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Marmara Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin katıldığı bir anket aracılığıyla toplanmış ve SPSS frekansı ile analiz edilmiştir.

The Russia-Ukraine War is an ongoing war involving Russia, Belarus and pro-Russian forces on the one hand and Ukraine on the other. It is a military activity that started in 2014 and grew in February 2022, after the President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych, who was dismissed after Euromaidan, asked Russia to send troops to the region due to the tension in Crimea. This war includes Russia's annexation of Crimea (2014), the Donbass War, cyber warfare, and political tensions. Claiming that Russia is protecting its geopolitical interests in the region, its citizens and deployed soldiers, President Vladimir Putin received parliamentary approval for the intervention. On February 21, 2022, Russia announced that it officially recognized the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics. On February 24, 2022, Russian leader Putin announced on television that they had started to invade Ukraine. After the diplomatic crisis in 2021, Russia, which made a military build-up in the regions close to the Ukrainian borders, started to invade Ukraine on a large scale on February 24, 2022. In this process, Turkey, as a regional actor, assumed a diplomatic mission between the two countries. Turkey is a prominent actor due to its commercial and politic. Turkey is a key actor due to its commercial and political relations with Russia and Ukraine, and its relations with the West as a NATO member. It is the only NATO member fighting for a lasting peace and ceasefire between the two countries. This article has been analyzed within the framework of Securitization Theory. In this article, Rusys Ukraine War and its effects, Turkey's diplomacy are discussed.al relations with Russia and Ukraine, and its relations with the West as a NATO member. Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı, bir yanda Rusya, Beyaz Rusya ve Rus yanlısı güçlerin, diğer yanda Ukrayna'nın dahil olduğu devam eden bir savaştır. 2014 yılında başlayan ve Euromaydan'ın ardından görevden alınan Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Viktor Yanukoviç'in Kırım'daki gerginlik nedeniyle Rusya'dan bölgeye asker göndermesini istemesi üzerine Şubat 2022'de büyüyen bir askeri faaliyettir. Bu savaş, Rusya'nın Kırım'ı ilhakını (2014), Donbass Savaşı'nı, siber savaşı ve siyasi gerilimleri içermektedir. Rusya'nın bölgedeki jeopolitik çıkarlarını, vatandaşlarını ve konuşlu askerlerini koruduğunu iddia eden Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin, müdahale için meclisten onay aldı ve 21 Şubat 2022'de Rusya, Donetsk ve Luhansk Halk Cumhuriyetlerini resmen tanıdığını ilan etti. 24 Şubat 2022'de Rus lider Putin Ukrayna'yı işgal etmeye başladıklarını medyada duyurdu. 2021'deki diplomatik krizin ardından Ukrayna sınırlarına yakın bölgelerde askeri yığılma yapan Rusya, 24 Şubat 2022'de Ukrayna'yı büyük çapta işgal etmeye başladı. Bu süreçte Türkiye bölgesel aktör olarak iki ülke arasında diplomatik misyon üstlendi. Türkiye, ticari ve siyasi açıdan önemli bir aktördür. Türkiye, Rusya ve Ukrayna ile ticari ve siyasi ilişkileri ve bir NATO üyesi olarak Batı ile olan ilişkileri nedeniyle kilit bir aktördür. İki ülke arasında kalıcı bir barış ve ateşkes için savaşan tek NATO üyesidir. Bu makale güvenlikleştirme teorisi çerçevesinde analiz edilmiştir. Bu makalede Rusya Ukrayna Savaşı ve etkileri, Türkiye'nin diplomasisi, Rusya ve Ukrayna ile ilişkileri ve NATO üyesi olarak Batı ile ilişkileri tartışılmaktadır

Azerbaycan’ın 9 Kasım 1991’de bağımsızlığını ilan etmesinden sonra Türkiye en önemli ve kültürel olarak en yakın ülke oldu. Türkiye genç cumhuriyeti tanıyan ilk devletti. Ankara’da o dönem Adriyatik Denizi’nden Çin Seddi’ne uzanan bir Türk dünyasından söz ediliyordu. Azerbaycan’ın ilk cumhurbaşkanı Ayaz Mutəllibov’un temkinli hareket etmesi nedeniyle 1992 yılına kadar karşılıklı ilişkiler yavaş gelişti. Türkiye’nin bu aşamadaki öncelikleri, Azerbaycan’ın bağımsızlığını tanımak, Bakü’de Türkiye ile işbirliğine dayalı bir hükümetin tesis edilmesi, Güney Kafkasya’da Rus hâkimiyetini engellemek, Dağlık Karabağ’da Azerbaycan egemenliğini sürdürmek ve Azerbaycan petrol anlaşmasında pay sahibi olmaktı. Elçibey dönemi ve sonrasında gelişen bir millet iki devlet anlayışı çerçevesinde günümüzde dostluk, kardeşlik çerçevesinde iki ülke ilişkileri günden güne gelişmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye-Azerbaycan ilişkilerinin kamu diplomasisi çerçevesinde siyasi ve ekonomik boyutları incelenmiştir. Öncelikle Azerbaycan’ın bağımsızlığından sonra Türkiye ile Azerbaycan arasındaki siyasi ilişkilerin gelişimi ele alınmıştır. Makale kapsamında Türkiye ve Azerbaycan ekonomileri ve enerji sektörleri Dağlık Karabağ sorunu ve Türkiye’nin Ermenistan ile ilişkilerindeki normalleşme sürecinin Türkiye-Azerbaycan ilişkilerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Türkiye ile Azerbaycan arasındaki ekonomik ilişkiler karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. After Azerbaijan declared its independence on November 9, 1991, Turkey became the most important and culturally closest country. Turkey was the first state to recognize the young republic. In Ankara at that time, there was talk of a Turkish world stretching from the Adriatic Sea to the Great Wall of China. Mutual relations developed slowly until 1992, due to the cautious action of Azerbaijan’s first President Ayaz Mutəllibov. Turkey’s priorities at this stage were to recognize the independence of Azerbaijan, to establish a government based on cooperation with Turkey in Baku, to prevent Russian domination in the South Caucasus, to maintain Azerbaijani sovereignty in Nagorno-Karabakh and to have a stake in the Azerbaijan oil agreement. The relations between the two countries are developing day by day within the framework of friendship and brotherhood, within the framework of the understanding of one nation, two states that developed during and after the Elçibey period. In this study, political and economic dimensions of TurkeyAzerbaijan relations within the framework of public diplomacy have been examined. First of all, the development of political relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan after the independence of Azerbaijan was discussed. Within the scope of the article, the Turkish and Azerbaijani economies and energy sectors, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the effects of the normalization process in Turkey’s relations with Armenia on Turkey-Azerbaijan relations were examined. The economic relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan were analyzed comparatively.

Sosyal medya ve kriz iletişimi arasındaki ilişki nispeten yeni bir olgudur ve bu nedenle henüz kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmamış ve sosyal medyaya özel teoriler henüz mevcut değildir. Kriz iletişiminin kendisine ilişkin kapsamlı teoriler bulunmakla birlikte, sosyal medyada kriz iletişimine ilişkin sınırlı sayıda araştırma vardır ve bu makale mevcut kriz iletişim kılavuzlarının sosyal medyada da kullanılıp kullanılamayacağını analiz etmeye çalışmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu makalede bu ilişki ele alınacak ve sosyal medyanın kriz iletişimini tam olarak nasıl etkilediği değerlendirilecektir. Ayrıca şirketlerin kriz iletişimlerini daha etkin hale getirmek için sosyal medyayı nasıl kullanabilecekleri konusunda önerilerde bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalenin nihai amacı, kriz iletişiminin genel kurallarının sosyal medya ağ kanalları aracılığıyla iletişim için geçerli olup olmadığını sorgulamaktır. The relationship between social media and crisis communication is a relatively new phenomenon and therefore has not yet been extensively researched and theories specific to social media do not yet exist. Although there are many extensive theories about crisis communication itself, researches about crisis communication in the social media are scarce and this article is designed to analyze whether the existing guidelines on crisis communication can also be used in social media. Thus, this article analyzes the relationship between social media and crisis communication and evaluates in detail how social media affects crisis communication. This essay also aims to make recommendations on how companies can use social media to make their crisis communications more effective. The ultimate aim of the article is to find out whether the general rules of crisis communication apply to communication via social media network channels

Information, transmitted through communication or media, plays an important role in the communication between individuals and communities. This information raises awareness about the events. On the other hand, information in news is not always conveyed correctly. The inaccurate transfer of information as incomplete or destroyed, on purpose, is an example of disinformation. This process constitutes an important part of social perception management in the media, especially in the discourse of war and peace. Though perception management has been used throughout human history, it became a concept within the 20th century. It was the US Department of Defense to conceptualize this method for the first time but later on it it increased its popularity day by day in the 21st century, which is also known as the age of technology. People's easy and quick access to information causes the same amount of information pollution, and this situation makes perceptions affected by many factors making them vulnerable to external interventions. As a result, perceptions can be easily manipulated, mass movements can be created, and social events can be easily manipulated. In this context, perception management, which has become more and more important day by day, attracts the attention of individuals, states, companies and institutions and organizations such as civil society. In the study, textual, linguistic and visual elements in war discourse were examined with the method of content analysis. In this article, definition of perception, its process and factors affecting to it are discussed, and the conceptual and historical background of perception management is conveyed.

Yalnızca psikoloji alanında değil, pek çok alanda karşımıza çıkan empati, yaşamı paylaştığımız diğerlerinin acı ve hüzünlerini, duygu ve ihtiyaçlarını anlamada herkesi eşitleyerek, insanda bir olma duygusu yaratan bir davranış biçimidir. Ancak, 21. yüzyılın küreselleşen dünyasında her alanda meydana gelen değişimler, ilişkileri de yüzeysel hale dönüştürmekte ve bunun bir sonucu olarak kişilerarası ilişkilerde empati duygusunun önemi gün geçtikçe azalmaktadır. Etrafımızda seyreden kötü olaylara karşı duyarsız davranmak, başkalarının yaşadığı olumsuzlukları göz ardı etmek, sadece kendi çıkarlarımızı düşünerek daha egoist bir insan haline dönüşmek, bize empatiden ne kadar yoksun olduğumuzun açık göstergeleridir. Günümüzün modern dünyasında insanlar, küresel çapta yaşanan problemlerin çözümü için ve bu modern dünyanın getirdiği olumsuzluklarla başa çıkabilmek için manevi değerlerine sarılmakta, maneviyatımızın temeli olan din konusu da bu şekilde gündeme gelmektedir. Empati kavramı ile ilgili literatüre baktığımızda, empati ve din arasında önemli bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir. Bu noktada çalışmamızın konusunu da, empati ve maneviyatımız arasındaki bu güçlü ilişki oluşturmaktadır. Bugüne kadar bilinen bütün dinlerin hem insanların fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı için hem de iletişim, etkileşim ve ilişki ağlarıyla örülü toplumsal hayatlarının sağlığı için, insan yaşamında önemli bir etkisinin olduğu bilinmektedir. İslam dini de bu çerçevede, kendisine inananlara yaşadığı dünyayla uyumlu birliktelikler kurabilmeleri, ben-merkezcilikten uzaklaşarak başkaları için de fedakarlık ve yardım yapabilmeleri için empatik tutumu önermekte ve empatik düşünmeyi tavsiye etmektedir. Empathy, which we encounter not only in the field of psychology, but also in many other fields, is a form of behavior that creates a sense of unity in human beings by equating everyone in understanding the pain and sorrow, feelings and needs of others with whom we share life. However, in the globalizing world of the 21st century, the changes that occur in every field transform relationships into a superficial state, and therefore, the importance of empathy in interpersonal relations decreases day by day. Being insensitive to the bad events happening around us, ignoring the negativities experienced by others, turning into a more egoistic person by considering only our own interests are clear indicators of how much we lack empathy. In today's modern world, people cling to their spiritual values in order to solve global problems and to cope with the negativities of this modern world, and the issue of religion, which is the basis of our spirituality, comes to the fore in this way. When we look at the literature on the concept of empathy,it is seen that there is an important relationship between empathy and religion. At this point, the subject of our study is this strong relationship between our empathy and spirituality. It is known that all religions known to date have an important effect on human life, both for the physical and mental health of people and for the health of their social lives interwoven with communication, interaction, and relationship networks. Within this framework, the religion of Islam suggests empathic attitude and empathic thinking for those who believe in it so that they can establish a harmonious relationship with the world they live in, and sacrifice and help for others by moving away from self-centeredness.

The main emphasis of social constructivism is the place of human consciousness or awareness in world politics. By rejecting the rationalist theory of neorealism and neoliberalism, emphasizing a sociological perspective in world politics, emphasizing normative and even material structures, constructivism emphasizes the role of identity in the formation of interests and actions and the mutual occurrence of factors and structures. Constructivism started with Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), one of the leading thinkers of Realism. Val Dusek argues that Thomas Hobbes and Giambattista Vico, who argue that our knowledge is constructed, are the pioneers of Constructivism. Both thinkers claim that what we know best is what we do or build. Hobbes says that mathematics and its political situation are built by arbitrary decisions. Social Constructivism, especially after the 1980s, has become a common approach in dealing with and examining different issues in the field of humanities and social sciences. This study focuses on the definition of the social constructivism approach within the scope of International Relations (IR) theories and the discussions on this approach. The perspective of social construction is constructivism on change, interests, identity, cooperation, and international norms are evaluated in terms of the discipline of IR. The contribution of constructionism to international organizations and regionalization studies is important. In this context, the article focuses on the effects of social constructionism in the world in the discipline of IR and the research carried out using this approach. This study aims to show the unique aspects of constructivism and its place in IR theories, starting from the common points of the related approaches. In this context, the article first discusses the theoretical development of the discipline and constructivist approaches. Afterward, the article explains social constructivism, which is necessary for a clearer understanding of constructivist IR approaches, within the framework of the basic assumptions that distinguish constructivist approaches from the mainstream of the discipline.

In this research bilateral relations between Federation of Russia and Turkey in the fields of military, economy and diplomacy are evaluated in the time period beginning from the end of the Cold War to present. In this new time period of 2000-2019, in which the era of two charismatic leaders, Vladimir Putin and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, is taken as a basis, a balanced and effective foreign policy was followed and a series of cooperation areas were established. A new active period between the Turkey-Russia relations has started with the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s governance and both Putin and Erdoğan carried out corresponding visits and senior summit meetings were held. Though the main determinant of the bilateral relations was to enhance the security weaknesses of Turkey that appeared in the Syria issue, by developing and reinforcing the Turkish defense industry, the progress of the friendly relations between the two countries after the July 15 FETÖ coup attempt in Turkey were also examined. The shooting down of Russian warplane on November 24, 2015 was a milestone and breaking point between the two countries, however, with the normalization of relations, parties were able to reestablish political and economic cooperation in a short time. This review aims to reveal major effects of strategic partnership, security issues and energy policies of the two countries in Eurasia. After the post-Cold War era the international conjuncture was reshaped hence the Russian foreign policy decision makers changed economy, security and governmental policies to a Eurasianist approach. The consequent effects of these changes to the bilateral relations with Turkey are evaluated in this study. Relations in the context of diplomacy, economy and security of the two regional powers forms the focus point of the debate. Despite the former rivalry, the strategic relations and the vision of partnership between Turkey and Russia have developed through a win-win understanding and thus the analysis are carried out within the framework of regional cooperation in this survey. The major problems in relations and cooperation areas were also highlighted. Qualitative data analysis and induction methods were used in the analysis

Knowledge is power. To help prevent disease, one must empower the patient. Thus, effective Health Communication gives us the ability to empower those we seek to treat. Health communication, which brings together the concepts of health and communication, is an interdisciplinary field that academic circles have been interested in recent years. The main purpose of a health communication program is to influence an individual's health behavior. For an effective health communication program, it is necessary to know the individual's behaviors and how these behaviors change. This research focusing on health communication was written to analyze health communication levels and health communication models. The SARS-CoV-2 infection outbreak has been named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. This study also emphasized the importance of Turkey's health communication procedures in the fight against Coronavirus. In this essay, the concept of health communication was analyzed, and the communication strategies followed by the Republic of Turkish Ministry of Health in combating the Coronavirus were evaluated

Effective health and safety communication is one of the building blocks of organizational health and safety culture. Patient safety is compromised by medical errors and adverse events related to miscommunications among healthcare providers. The most important element defining the culture of health and safety in the organization is how health and safety are discussed between employees and managers, from meeting rooms to breaks. Communication among health service providers is influenced by human factors such as interpersonal relations. However, interpersonal relations and communication debates are lacking in the medical team literature. This paper proposes a theoretical framework that explains how interpersonal relations among healthcare team members affect communication and team performance, such as patient safety, and health. In this study, how various communication styles affect the health and safety environment in the enterprise is discussed and the effect of empathic communication on organizational health safety culture and performance is discussed.

Jeopolitik önemi, doğal kaynak zenginliği ile büyük güçlerin mücadele merkezi olan Azerbaycan, Güney Kafkasya'nın parlayan yıldızıdır. Bu kitapta; Azerbaycan'daki ilk devlet yapılanmalarından hanlıklar dönemine, Rus işgallerinden Ermeni katliamlarına ve Sovyet sonrası bağımsızlığını kazandığı dönem de dâhil olmak üzere Azerbaycan'ın tarihi ve bugünü hakkında bilgi edineceksiniz. 1991'de yeniden bağımsızlığına kavuşan Azerbaycan “bir millet iki devlet” olarak bilinen söylem eşliğinde Türkiye ile dünyada eşine az rastlanır yakınlıkta bir ilişki geliştirmiştir. Kitapta; Azerbaycan ve Türkiye ilişkilerini öğrenmenin yanı sıra Rusya'nın Kafkasya politikasının Azerbaycan-Türkiye ilişkilerine etkisi, Azerbaycan-AB ilişkileri ve Azerbaycan'ın uzun yıllardır sorun yaşadığı Ermenistan ile ilişkileri hakkında görüş sahibi olacaksınız. Karabağ meselesinin hukuki boyutuna öncelikle tarihsel bir bakış attıktan sonra uluslararası kuruluşların bu konudaki tutumları hakkında bilgi edineceksiniz. Kitabın son bölümünde ise Azerbaycan'daki son gelişmeler, Azerbaycan ile Türkiye arasındaki ekonomik ilişkiler, enerji sektöründeki gelişmeler, TANAP Projesi ve diğer konularla ilgili güncel gelişmelerin uluslararası düzeyde daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için İngilizce yazılmış bir makale okurların beğenisine sunulmaktadır.