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Objective: Vaccinium myrtillus L. fruits are consumed as food. This research was aimed to evaluate V. myrtillus methanol extract antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and determine its anti-cancer potential to further study against gastric cancer. Material and Method: V. myrtillus fruit (Bilberry) methanol extract was examined for its antioxidant activities by ABTS•+ and DPPH• assays. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was studied by HPLC method. The cytotoxic effect of V. myrtillus fruit methanol extract on gastric cancer cell line AGS was measured by Cell Titer-Glo assay. Additionally, as healthy control, fibroblast like human mesenchymal stem cell line was used for testing anti-cancer efficacy. Result and Discussion: V. myrtillus fruit methanol extract showed 0.1413 and 0.0439 mg/mL IC50 values as antioxidant activity by ABTS•+ and DPPH• assays, respectively. Malvidin-3-O-Glucoside was detected as an anthocyanin compound by HPLC method. Cytotoxicity analysis showed that among different concentrations (0.5-10 mg/ml), the most significantly, 2 mg/ml of Bilberry extract treatment decreased the viability of AGS gastric cancer cells while sparing healthy MSC cells. This data suggests the further analysis of Bilberry extract on several cancer cell lines as well as the determination of a potential active substance in the extract.

This study aims to determine the potential renal protective effects of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller (OFI) fruits against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. The antioxidant activity of OFI methanol extract was calculated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. Furthermore, the LC-mass spectroscopy (MS) analysis of the OFI fruit extract was carried out. Mice were treated with OFI extract (250 mg/kg) for 10 d and injected with a single dose of cisplatin (20 mg/kg) on the 7th day. The blood samples were collected to measure blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine level on the 10th day. Their kidneys were removed for histopathological examination. The renal morphological alterations were assessed through the mesangial matrix index and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The OFI fruit extract showed significant in vitro antioxidant activity. In further, it was revealed that the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice was ameliorated; this outcome was supported by both histological examination results and the depicted reduced levels of BUN and serum creatinine. The potent antioxidant compounds which were detected in the extract of OFI fruits such as myricetin, quercetin, luteolin might be responsible for the observed renoprotective effect. The results clarified that the OFI fruit extract could ameliorate cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in mice via including antioxidant and renoprotective compounds.

Son zamanlarda insanlar her açıdan doğala yönelmektedir, bu nedenle kozmetik ürünlerde de bitkisel kaynaklı ürünler daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Kozmetik ürünlerin içerisinde bitkisel ekstre, fraksiyon, sabit yağ, uçucu yağ yada saf madde bulunabilir. Tohumlardan elde edilen yağlar çoğu kozmetik ürünlerin bileşimine girmektedir. Bunlardan biri de fındık tohumlarından elde edilen yağlardır. Fındık yağı nemlendirici, yenileyici ve canlandırıcı özellikleri nedeniyle, bazı kozmetik ürünlerin bileşimine girmektedir. Anavatanı Türkiye olan fındık, insanların günlük diyetlerinde yer alan önemli besin maddesi olmasının yanı sıra elde edilen fındık yağı çeşitli amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, fındık ve fındık yağının fitokimyasal içeriği ve kozmetiklerde fındık yağı kullanımının nedenleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda fındık ihracatında birinci sırada olan ülkemizin, uygun koşullarda üreteceği fındık yağı ile kozmetik ürünler için gerekli hammaddeyi sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease accounts for a high percentage of dementia cases in elderly individuals. This type of brain disease is caused by damage to the brain cells affecting the ability of the patients to communicate, as well as their thinking, behavior, and feelings. Although numerous research laboratories focus on advancements in treating Alzheimer’s disease, the currently approved pharmacological approaches seem to only alleviate the symptoms. Consequently, there is an urgent need for alternative pharmacological options that can prevent the progressive impairment of neurons. Natural substances were used in ancient times to treat various disorders given their biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Besides, their cost-effectiveness and accessibility to anyone who needs them are their most significant characteristics. Therefore, the possible use of phytochemical compounds for the possible management or even prevention of Alzheimer’s disease is currently under investigation. This review article summarizes the present status of Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and underlying mechanisms, the potential phytochemicals and their carriers, along with future perspectives. In the future, natural substances can play a role as an adjunct therapy for neurodegenerative forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

Objectives: Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. fruits are traditionally used for several health problems. Although there are some studies about its antiproliferative effects on different cancer cells, no study was reported about its potential therapeutic efficacy against gastric cancers which is the most malignant disease in the digestive system with high morbidity and mortality. Methods: This study was aimed to evaluate L. officinalis fruit extract phytochemical contents as well as to compare anticancer effects on gastric cancer cells. The antioxidant activities were determined by ABTS and DPPH assays. Anticancer effects were measured by cell viability assays, then apoptotic proteins were analyzed by western blotting and flow cytometry. Results: Laurocerasus officinalis fruit methanol extract showed moderate antioxidant activity by ABTS(center dot) and DPPH center dot assays. Significant cytotoxic activities and caspase mediated apoptosis were detected in the extract treated MKN-45 and AGS gastric cancer cells respectively while sparing healthy cells. Conclusion: Our results showed that the L. officinalis Roem. extract has significant anticancer efficacy on gastric cancer cell lines; therefore, it can be further studied to determine its potential therapeutic components. Giriş: Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. meyveleri halk arasında çeşitli sağlık problemlerine karşı kullanılmaktadır. Farklı kanser hücreleri üzerindeki antiproliferatif etkileri ile ilgili bazı çalışmalar olmakla birlikte, sindirim sistemindeki ciddi bir rahatsızlık olan, yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye sahip mide kanserlerine karşı herhangi bir çalışma bildirilmemiştir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma L. officinalis meyve ekstrelerinin fitokimyasal analizi ile beraber karşılaştırmalı olarak mide kanseri hücrelerine karşı sitotoksik etkilerinin incelenmesini amaçlamıştır. Antioksidan aktivite ABTS ve DPPH yöntemleriyle araştırılmıştır. Antikanser etkinliği ise hücre canlılığı yöntemi ile araştırılmış ve sonrasında apoptotik proteinleri western blot ve flow sitometre yöntemleri ile ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar: L. officinalis meyve metanol ekstresi, ABTS ve DPPH testlerine göre orta düzeyde antioksidan aktivite göstermiştir. Sağlıklı hücrelerde sitotoksik etki gözlemlenmezken, ekstre uygulanmış MKN-45 ve AGS mide kanseri hücrelerinde önemli sitotoksik aktiviteler ve kaspaz aracılı apoptoz saptanmıştır. Tartışma: Sonuçlar, L. officinalis Roem ekstresinin mide kanseri hücre hatları üzerinde önemli antikanser etkinliğine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir; bu nedenle, potansiyel terapötik bileşenlerini belirlemek için ileri çalışmalar gerçekleştirilebilecektir.

Lactuca L. species belong to the Asteraceae family and these plants are traditionally used for therapeutic purposes around the world. The dried milky latex of L. serriola is known as &ldquo, lettuce oil&rdquo, and is used as a sedative in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the sedative effects and analyze the chemical compositions of latexes obtained from some Lactuca species growing in Turkey. The sedative effects were evaluated through various behavioral tests on mice. For this purpose, latexes were obtained from L. glareosa Boiss., L. viminea (L.) J. Presl and C. P, L. mulgedioides (Vis and Panćić) Boiss. and Kotschy ex. Boiss., L. saligna L., and L. serriola L. The latex from L. saligna showed the highest sedative effects, whilst L. serriola and L. viminea latexes also displayed significant sedative effects compared to the control group at a dose of 100 mg/kg. However, the latexes from L. glareosa and L. mulqedioides did not exhibit any sedative effects on mice. Characteristic sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin, lactucopicrin, 11,13&beta, dihydrolactucin, and 11,13&beta, dihydrolactucopicrin) were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactucin was identified as the main component.

In our study, graphene oxide (GO) modified graphite electrodes were used for sensitive and selective impedimetric detection of miRNA. After chemical activation of pencil graphite electrode (PGE) surface using covalent agents (CA), GO modification was performed at the surface of chemically activated PGE. Then, CA-GO-PGEs were applied for impedimetric miRNA detection. The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of CA-GO-PGEs was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The optimization of experimental conditions; such as GO concentration, DNA probe concentration and miRNA target concentration was performed by using EIS technique. After the hybridization occurred between miRNA-34a RNA target and its complementary DNA probe, the hybrid was immobilized onto the surface of CA-GO-PGEs. Then, the impedimetric detection of miRNA-DNA hybridization was performed by EIS. The selectivity of our assay was also tested under the optimum experimental conditions.

Walnut and olive are consumed by people as food for many years. It is seen that not only fruits but also leaves are used among the people. In this study, walnut and olive leaves were compared in terms of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. DPPH• and ABTS•+ free radical scavenging activity methods were used for determination antioxidant capacity. For an in vitro measure of anti-inflammatory activity, stabilization of human red blood cell membrane by heat induced membrane lysis was done. The results showed that walnut leaf extract had the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 0.0530 mg mL-1 for DPPH radical scavenging activity; 0.0421mg mL-1 for ABTS radical scavenging activity and 0.3959 mg mL-1 for human red blood cell membrane stabilization capacity. It is thought that the difference in the activity levels of extracts may be owing to the several types and amounts of polyphenolic compounds., Ceviz ve zeytin insanlar tarafından uzun yıllar boyunca gıda olarak tüketilmektedir. Sadece meyvelerinin yanı sıra yapraklarının da halk arasında kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ceviz ve zeytin yapraklarının antioksidan ve antiinflamatuvar açısından karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. In-vitro antioksidan etkinliğin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla DPPH•ve ABTS•+ radikal süpürücü aktivite yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. In-vitro antiinflamatuvar aktivitenin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla ise ısının indüklemesi ile hemolize uğrayan kırmızı kan hücrelerinin membran stabilizasyonları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda, en yüksek antioksidan ve antiinflamatuvar aktivitenin ceviz yaprağı ekstresine ait olduğu bulunmuştur. IC50 değerleri DPPH serbest radikali süpürücü aktivite için 0.0530 mg mL-1; ABTS serbest radikali süpürücü aktivite için 0.0421 mg mL-1; insan kırmızı kan hücrelerinin membran stabilizasyon kapasitesi için 0.3959 mg mL-1 bulunmuştur. Aktivite düzeylerindeki farklılığın, ekstrelerin içerdikleri polifenolik bileşiklerin çeşitlerinin ve miktarlarının farklı olmasından kaynaklanabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae) is a shrup whose fruits are consumed as food in Turkey. This study was aimed to evaluate antioxidant activity of methanol extract of P. spinosa and its cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines.Methanol extract of P. spinosa fruit was evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxic activity on multiform (GBM) brain cancer (LN229, U87 and T98G) and pancreas cancer (PANC-1 and AsPC-1) cell lines. Cell viability assays were performed by calculating the percentage of viable cells using a luminescence system, and spectrophotometrically. measuring its antioxidant ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Differences were considered as statistically significant at p*0.001 and p**0.0005 according to unpaired student t-test.Methanol extract of P. spinosa fruit showed 2548±18 mg GAE/100 g correspon-ding to the total phenolic content, and moderate antioxidant activity (0.1896±0.1143 and 0.0729±0.0348) by ABTS� and DPPH� assays.To the best of our knowledge, after evaluating the results of brain and pancreas cancer cell lines, significant cytotoxic activities with 50-63% cell viability of GBM brain cancer cells were determined while no cytotoxicity was observed on pancreas cancer cell lines, PANC-1; and AsPC-1. The results of this study showed that the methanol extract of P. spinosa fruit has significant antioxidant capacity and leads to statistically significant decreased viability on glioblastoma brain cancer cells.Çakal eriği (Prunus spinosa L.), Gülgiller (Rosaceae) familyasından bir ağaççık türüdür ve Türkiye’de meyvesi besin olarak tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışma P. spinosa metanol ekstresinin antioksidan aktivitesini ve kanser hücre hatları üzerindeki sitotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.P. spinosa meyvesi metanol ekstresi, glioblastoma multiform (GBM) beyin kanseri (LN-229, U-87 ve T98G) ve pankreas kanseri (PANC-1 ve AsPC-1) hücre hatları kullanılarak in vitro sitotoksik aktivitesi araştırılmıştır. Hücre canlılığı deneyleri, biyolüminesans sistemi kullanılarak canlı hücrelerin yüzdesinin ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin, spektrofotometrik olarak ABTS ve DPPH radikalleri ile ölçülmesi yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstatiksel anlamlılık eşleştirilmemiş öğrenci t testi ile p*0.001 ve p**0.0005 olarak belirlenmiştir.P. spinosa meyve metanol ekstresi, ABTSo ve DPPHo testlerinde toplam fenolik içeriğe karşılık gelen 2548±18 mg GAE/100 g ve orta düzeyde antioksidan aktivite (0,1896±0,1143 ve 0,0729±0,0348) göstermiştir.Elde ettiğimiz bilgiler ışığında, beyin ve pankreas kanseri hücre hatlarındaki sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinden sonra, GBM beyin kanseri hücrelerinde %50-63 arasındaki hücre canlılığı ile önemli derecede sitotoksik aktivitesi belirlenmiş ancak PANC-1 ve AsPC-1 pankreas kanseri hücre hatlarında sitotoksisite gözlenmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, P. spinosa meyvesi metanol ekstresinin önemli antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu ve glioblastoma beyin kanseri hücrelerinin canlılığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalmaya yol açtığı gösterilmiştir.

Objective Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae) is a shrup whose fruits are consumed as food in Turkey. This study was aimed to evaluate antioxidant activity of methanol extract of P. spinosa and its cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. Method Methanol extract of P. spinosa fruit was evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxic activity on multiform (GBM) brain cancer (LN229, U87 and T98G) and pancreas cancer (PANC-1 and AsPC-1) cell lines. Cell viability assays were performed by calculating the percentage of viable cells using a luminescence system, and spectrophotometrically. measuring its antioxidant ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Differences were considered as statistically significant at p*

okur, mehmet evren/0000-0001-7706-6452, WOS: 000511129700007, Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are claimed to possess several health-beneficial properties. This study was carried out to determine the phytochemicals as well as to compare antioxidant activity and cell viability of the methanol extract of OFI-fruits. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by various in vitro tests such as DPPH and ABTS. LC-MS and HPLC analyses were then performed. the activity of the OFI-fruit extract on viability of U87-MG (glioblastoma multiform), HT-29 (colon cancer) and human primary fibroblast cells was investigated by determining viable cells on a luciferase based system (Cell TiterGlo; Promega; USA). the results showed that OFI-fruits were a source of antioxidant compounds. Moreover, the extract was found to have rich phenolic-flavonoid contents. Quercetin was found in the extract according to LC-MS and HPLC studies. A remarkable increased cell death in the HT-29 and U87 cell lines was detected in a concentration-dependent manner (1-10mg/mL). Among these cell lines, HT-29 responded to OFI-fruit treatment more sensitively to even the lowest dose (1mg/mL). the results of this study showed that the OFI-fruit has significant antioxidant capacity and leads to strong cytotoxic activity on various cancer cells. Therefore, it can be suggested that OFI-fruits may have chemo-preventive potential and can be studied further to clarify cytotoxic abilities.

WOS: 000452202000001, Caper (Capparis ovata Desf. and Capparis spinosa L.) is naturally widespread in Turkey. Traditionally, buds, fruits, seeds and roots of this plant arc used as tonic, diuretic, anti-rheumatic, expectorant, antidiabetic, and antifungal. The aim of this study is to evaluate potential hypoglycemic effect of C. ovata var. palaestina extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. For this purpose; diabetic mice were administered with 100, 300, 500 mg/kg (i.p.) doses of methanol extract of bud and fruit. Blood glucose levels were screened 60, 120, 240 and 360 min. after treatment. Furthermore, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis, AHIS and DPPH free radical scavenging activity test, and phenolic and flavonoid compounds analysis of extracts were carried out. The data obtained from in vivo study revealed that fruit-methanol 500 mg/kg (FM3), bud-methanol 300 mg/kg (BM2), bud-methanol 500 mg/kg (BM3) extracts showed significant hypoglycemic activity. All extracts indicated significant antioxidant activity, however bud-methanol (BM) extract demonstrated the most potent antioxidant activity. Moreover high levels of phenolic substances and flavonoids were involved in all extracts, but the highest levels were found in FM extract. HRMS study showed that rutin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside (isoquercitrin) and stachydrine substances had seen in BM extract. The results of this study showed that the C. ovata var. palaestina extracts which, indicate hypoglycemic, antioxidant activities, might provide additional support in diabetes.

WOS: 000443809400012, PubMed ID: 29984824, ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the wound healing activity of Capparis ovata var. palaestina fruit extract in mice. For this aim, wound healing, invitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, HPLC, phenolic and flavonoid compounds analyses were performed. MethodsThe wound healing effect was tested by excisional wound model. Wound closure was measured for 14days and at 14th day wound healing was assessed by levels of TGF-, VEGF, COL1A1 and angiogenesis, granulation tissue thickness, epidermal and dermal regeneration. The antioxidant activity was calculated by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial ability was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration and agar well diffusion tests. Key findingsThe extract indicated significant antioxidant activity while it also exhibited antimicrobial activity. Rutin was found in the extract according to HPLC study. Moreover, the extract was found to have rich phenolic and flavonoid contents. Histological evaluation showed that extract group induced significant (P

WOS: 000445417300007, PubMed ID: 29595118, Background and Objective: This paper is focused on evaluating the various biological activities of C. ovata var. palaestina extracts which could beneficially influence diabetes and its complications. Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic BALB-c mice were administered intraperitoneally with 100, 300, 500mg/kg doses of ethanol and aqueous extracts of buds and fruits. Furthermore, HPLC, phenolic and flavonoid compounds analysis, ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory activity, agar well diffusion and MIC tests were carried out. Results: Fruit-aqueous; 100mg/kg, 300mg/kg and bud-aqueous; 500mg/kg extracts showed significant hypoglycemic activity. All extracts indicated important antioxidant activity, however, bud-aqueous extract demonstrated the most potent activity. HPLC study exhibited that rutin is found in high amounts in bud-aqueous and bud-ethanol extracts. Furthermore, the bud-aqueous extract depicted stronger and broader antimicrobial activity than other extracts. Fruit-ethanol and bud-ethanol extracts denoted the most potent anti-inflammatory effect even though this effect was significantly shown by all extracts. Finally, high levels of phenolic and flavonoid content were involved in all extracts, but the highest levels were found in fruit-ethanol and bud-ethanol extracts. Conclusion: The results showed that extracts which indicated hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activities may provide a valuable contribution to the management of diabetes and its complications.

In this study, colchicine (CLN) and colchicoside (CLS) contents of the methanolic extracts of the seeds of Colchicum speciosum Steven that were collected from Uzungöl, Trabzon and also the seeds belonging to two different samples of Gloriosa superba Linn. imported from India were compared by using RP-LC (Reversed Phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). This proposed method is advantageous in terms of sample preparation and selective separation of the compounds. Also the method was successfully validated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline acceptance criteria for system suitability, linearity and range, precision, specificity and accuracy. As a conclusion of this analysis, the colchicoside and colchicine contents of G. superba (GSI), G. superba (GSII) and C. speciosum (CS) were found to be 312.9 mg/100 g and 333.1 mg/100 g; 434.0 mg/100 g and 471.1 mg/100 g, and 51.9 mg/100 g and 75.9 mg/100 g, respectively.

In this study, colchicine (CLN) and colchicoside (CLS) contents of the methanolic extracts of the seeds of Colchicum speciosum Steven that were collected from Uzungöl, Trabzon and also the seeds belonging to two different samples of Gloriosa superba Linn. imported from India were compared by using RP-LC (Reversed Phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). This proposed method is advantageous in terms of sample preparation and selective separation of the compounds. Also the method was successfully validated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline acceptance criteria for system suitability, linearity and range, precision, specificity and accuracy. As a conclusion of this analysis, the colchicoside and colchicine contents of G. superba (GSI), G. superba (GSII) and C. speciosum (CS) were found to be 312.9 mg/100 g and 333.1 mg/100 g; 434.0 mg/100 g and 471.1 mg/100 g, and 51.9 mg/100 g and 75.9 mg/100 g, respectively.

Lycorine and galanthamine have various biological activities. A reliable HPLC method coupled with DAD detection was developed and validated for the determination of galanthamine and lycorine in Galanthus trojanus and G. cilicicus. A simple method for the extraction of the alkaloids in low-mass plant samples was employed utilizing columns pre-packed with diatomaceous earth (Extrelut®). This method was applied to the aerial parts and bulbs of G. trojanus and G. cilicicus (Amaryllidaceae) collected during the flowering season. The chromatographic separation was performed using an isocratic system with a mobile phase of trifluoroacetic acid-water-acetonitrile (0.01:92.5:7.5) applied at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1 and using a diode array detector. Validation procedures showed that the method was specific, accurate and precise. The highest amount of lycorine (0.012%) was detected in the bulbs of G. trojanus collected from Çan (Çanakkale), whereas the aerial parts of this species collected from Bayramiç (Çanakkale) was not found to contain this alkaloid. In G. cilicicus samples, lycorine was only determined in the bulbs, giving yields of 0.004%; galanthamine yields were between 0.015-0.016%, but none of the G. trojanus samples contained this latter alkaloid.