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Approximately one quarter of all U.S. air-passenger trips (involving US airlines only) are to and from foreign destinations, which accounted for around 4.5% of total US person-miles in 2019. Travel demand modeling and US travel surveys often overlook this overseas travel. Therefore, this study assesses travel demand, patterns, and costs (in time and money) between major US and foreign airports worldwide, as well as ground trips to Mexico and Canada, using 2019 DB1B flight ticket data, the 2016–2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), and border crossing data. A model of trip distribution, from 334 US airports to 1,028 foreign airports, shows how trip flows fall by about 41% with every 7-hour increase in flight start-to-end time. Destinations hosting tourist attractions (e.g, London, Barcelona, Milan, Paris, Dubai) are also a practically significant variable in the model, increasing flows by 48%. Flight fares (for one-way itineraries) increase by $0.078 per mile for coach class and $0.163 per mile for business class and higher, according to feasible generalized least-squares models. These fares are higher for English-speaking destinations than non-English-speaking destinations, as well as for trips from April to June (as compared to January to March with similar distances and seating types). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research estimated models for long-distance domestic passenger trips before and after the introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and their application to a 10% synthetic US population. The authors synthesized 12.1M households and 28.1M individuals across 73,056 US census tracts. To generate disaggregated passenger trips, travel demand models, including trip frequency, season, purpose, party size, mode choice, and destination choice, and vehicle ownership models were estimated. Different datasets, including a 2021 long-distance AV survey, 2016/17 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) survey, EPA Smart Location data, and FHWA rJourney dataset were used for model estimation. The model applications indicated AV ownership to be 0.33 per capita after the introduction of AVs within the marketplace with a $3500 AV technology cost premium in the year 2040. Total person-miles traveled per capita in long-distance trips was also estimated to rise 35% (from 280 to 379 miles per month). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to propose a new model, the M-TPB-D model, which combines the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the travel motivation theory, and the overall image of the destination. This model aims to provide a new perspective for understanding and predicting tourists' visit intentions and leads to increasing destination choice behavior in the tourism destination context. Methodology/Design/Approach - To gain a comprehensive understanding of destination choice behaviour, a mixed methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods was used. Data was collected through a random sample survey of 630 domestic tourists travelling to Ho Chi Minh City. The final sample consisted of 459 usable questionnaires. Findings - The findings of the study confirm the causal relationship between the original TPB theory, pull-push motivation theory, overall image of the destination and destination choice behavior. This offers a novel insight into understanding destination choice behavior from the viewpoint of domestic tourists. Originality of the research - The study makes a significant contribution through the integration of multiple theories, resulting in a comprehensive understanding of the various factors that influence destination choice behavior. Furthermore, the study has implications for both theoretical implications and practical implications for destination marketing and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Locavorism, often known as the consumer's ideology of consuming only local food, was religiously practised by a legion of devout followers – the locavores. These consumers have not only consumed food but also expressed various related behaviours, such as patronizing locally sourced restaurants or visiting similar shops. However, its extension outside of food consumption has been neglected. Based on the VAB framework, the current study examined, locavorism, within the tourism product context and empirically tested its antecedents and consequences. Using collected data from 226 Vietnamese consumers during the vacation-planning period in 2023, we critically examined the newly adapted measurement of locavorism in tourism and found strong evidence supporting a strong tendency to consume local tourist products. Theoretical findings and managerial implications for hospitality researchers and practitioners are then discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the role of motivational factors in the selection of India as a travel destination, using Herzberg’s two-factor theory of motivation (Hygiene-Motivation model) as a theoretical foundation. By examining how stereotypes about India influence tourists' decision making, this study categorises motivational factors into hygiene and motivation categories and examines their influence on destination choice. A survey conducted at the Romanian Tourism Fair in February 2019 with 729 participants forms the basis for this analysis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to assess the relationships between these factors. The study reveals two main types of factors that influence tourists: Hygiene factors (e.g. accessibility, comfort, food and overall quality of services) and motivational factors (e.g. cultural richness, scenic beauty and local traditions). The study shows that stereotypes about India play a crucial role in shaping tourists’ priorities — those who have negative stereotypes are more likely to focus on hygiene factors, such as ensuring that basic service expectations are met. In addition, while motivational factors still play an important role, elements such as natural beauty and cultural experiences take centre stage in the travel decision.

Abstract Despite the growing interest in the migration of older adults in China, the intricacies linking migration motivations with destination choices remain insufficiently explored. Drawing from China’s unique context, we categorize inter-provincial older migrants into three types: employment-led, dependent, and lifestyle. Using microdata from the Sixth Population Census of 2010 and the 1% Population Sampling Survey of 2015, we examine their evolving motivations and corresponding shifts in destination preferences. The analysis shows an increase in lifestyle-oriented migration and a decrease in dependent migration, while employment-led migration has remained stable relative to the total. Older migrants seeking employment tend to favor destinations further south, prioritizing regional economic conditions. In contrast, those motivated by lifestyle factors exhibit a broader range of destination choices, largely due to their preference for amenities. Dependent older adult migrants consider both job-related and amenity-related factors and demonstrate a stronger tendency to relocate to the east. Amenity-related factors have increasingly influenced the destination choices across all three types of migration over time. Our findings provide deeper insights into the intricacies of migration in old adulthood and highlight the need for tailored policymaking.

This study analyzes factors affecting Generation Z’s intention to choose a tourist destination. The authors applied the extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the research model. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Initially, the qualitative research was conducted to test the suitability and adjust the theoretical model, as well as to explore and supplement the observed variables used to measure the research concepts. The quantitative research involved a questionnaire survey administered to 569 Generation Z tourists in Vietnam from February to April 2024, using both in-person and online survey methods. The analysis results indicate that Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control, Motivation, and Perception of Price have a positive influence on the Behavioral Intention of Generation Z tourists in Vietnam. However, the Subjective Norm factor does not affect Behavioral Intention, which is contrary to many previous studies. Therefore, this study provides a new perspective on the TPB model when applied to Generation Z in Vietnam. The research results offer significant theoretical and practical contributions to customer behavior theory in general and to provide more understanding of Generation Z tourists in particular.

Despite the growing interest in the migration of older adults in China, the intricacies linking migration motivations with destination choices remain insufficiently explored. Drawing from China's unique context, we categorize inter-provincial older migrants into three types: employment-led, dependent, and lifestyle. Using microdata from the Sixth Population Census of 2010 and the 1% Population Sampling Survey of 2015, we examine their evolving motivations and corresponding shifts in destination preferences. The analysis shows an increase in lifestyle-oriented migration and a decrease in dependent migration, while employment-led migration has remained stable relative to the total. Older migrants seeking employment tend to favor destinations further south, prioritizing regional economic conditions. In contrast, those motivated by lifestyle factors exhibit a broader range of destination choices, largely due to their preference for amenities. Dependent older adult migrants consider both job-related and amenity-related factors and demonstrate a stronger tendency to relocate to the east. Amenity-related factors have increasingly influenced the destination choices across all three types of migration over time. Our findings provide deeper insights into the intricacies of migration in old adulthood and highlight the need for tailored policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, overseas labour migration has become a lifeline for many households in Nepal. Using survey data from 465 randomly selected households and 227 overseas labour migrants, this paper examines the factors influencing overseas labour migration and migration intensity in farming households by employing a generalised two-part fractional regression model, and migrants' destination choice by using the probit model. We find that a higher proportion of educated members in the household, along with household's credit access, indebtedness, and contacts with manpower agencies significantly increase the likelihood of overseas labour migration and migration intensity in the households, whereas the presence of employed members in the household, larger farms, irrigation access, and higher asset index significantly lower such likelihood. We find a lower likelihood of migration to Malaysia and the Middle East countries among individuals with employed household members and a higher asset index, while those connected to manpower agencies are more likely to choose these countries as destinations. Our findings emphasise the significance of creating and providing decent economic opportunities, including strengthening the agriculture sector, to address the existing surge in overseas labour migration from farming households in Nepal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural migrants represent a critical impetus for social and economic advancement, significantly influencing urban competitiveness and development, as well as the realization of new urbanization initiatives. Drawing on data from the China Migration Dynamics Survey in 2017, this study employs a conditional logit model to elucidate the impact mechanisms on the destination choices of rural migrants of city characteristics and individual heterogeneity. （1） Economic income, developmental opportunities, public services, and geographic proximity are the pivotal determinants in the destination choice of rural migrants.（2）Variations in human capital significantly influence the migrants'preferences regarding the administrative hierarchy of cities. Specifically, rural migrants with lower educational attainment are more inclined to migrate to cities with a lower administrative status, whereas the administrative hierarchy exerts no notable influence on the destination choices of highly educated migrants.（3）Environmental amenities play a non-negligible role in shaping the destination preferences of rural migrants. Air pollution deters the destination choice of rural migrants, while a highquality green environment exerts a significantly adverse effect on less educated migrants and older, more educated rural migrants.（4）The distinct levels of human capital, life cycle stages, and mobility characteristics among rural migrants further modulate their choices, such as the administrative hierarchy and environmental amenities of destination. This research enhance the understanding of the dynamics underpinning rural migrants'destination choices and offer valuable insights for the informed direction of rural migrant inflows and the formulation of targeted population policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: When the health tourism literature was examined, it was seen that a potential health tourist's online information search dimensions were kept secret. This research aims to reveal how and with what keywords online information about health tourism destinations is searched by health tourists and to provide guidance on what health tourism destination management and marketers should do. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was based on the relational survey model, a causal comparison subtype of quantitative research methods. The researchers determined research keywords to examine the data in the years covered by the study. Filters related to the specified keywords were applied, and the results were sorted for each. Inferences based on these results were put forward. The study complies with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement guidelines for reporting cross-sectional studies (Supplement 1). Results: Global interest in medical tourism has risen between 2004 and 2023. Mauritius, Singapore, UAE, Philippines, and India are leading in health tourism due to unique advantages and international-standard services. Recent searches with filters like "Worldwide," "2008-2023," and "Health and YouTube" show notable interest in medical tourism in India, Mexico, Thailand, and Turkey. Conclusion: Increasing search trends for health tourism also point to changes in the healthcare industry, and patients are increasingly looking for more options. The rising trend not only suggests a shift in patient preferences but also underscores the need for healthcare institutions to focus on international markets to meet the evolving demands of a globalized healthcare landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological advancements over the past few decades have facilitated telecommuting, but its adoption surged significantly when travel restrictions forced workers to work from home during the pandemic. This shift significantly reduced peak-hour traffic flow and congestion, but the impact of this travel demand management strategy on 24-hour travel is not well understood. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of telecommuting on 24-hour traffic flow using an agent-based transport simulator. Methodologically, a nested structure is implemented to generate departure time, mode, and destination choice joint decisions and accommodate inter-dependencies. Given the behavioral differences among different population groups, separate models are implemented for these different groups: commuters, telecommuters, non-workers, students attending school in-person/online. Following the generation of 24-hour activities, activity itineraries are applied within a dynamic agent-based multimodal transport network model using the open-source MATSim platform. This modeling and simulation exercise has been implemented for the entire population of the Okanagan region of British Columbia, Canada. After thorough validation, the simulation results suggest that with the increase in telecommuting population, an increase in all types of non-mandatory travel is predicted to occur near the urban centers during the off-peak hours – resulting in the spreading of the peak over the day.

Walking has been recognized as an important mode of transportation in recent years, and recent research has improved travel demand models for walk trips. One important added stage is the distribution of walk trips, which can be evaluated using destination choice models. Previous studies have overlooked the importance of origin trip attributes in the destination choice of walk trips. With the aim of improving destination choice models for discretionary home-based walk trips, a questionnaire based on the previous day's walk trips was used, and 422 trips were collected from individuals. A discrete choice logit model is used for discretionary trips by utilizing policy-related variables, such as origin-sensitive variables, land-use-related variables, and socio-economic conditions of individuals. Additionally, a solution is proposed to address the issue of data scarcity in considering the choice set. The results demonstrate that origin land-use (LU) variables, such as LU diversity index and access to green spaces, as well as socio-economic variables, like age and homeownership status, are statistically significant in the destination choice of discretionary home-based walk trips. One prominent result is that reducing the diversity of unattractive LU compared to increasing the diversity of attractive LU has a greater impact on the destination choice of such trips. Specifically, a 1% increase in the diversity of attractive LU in the origin area leads to a 0.031% increase in the probability of choosing a destination within that area, while a 1% decrease in the diversity of unattractive LU results in a 0.124% increase in the probability of choosing a destination within the area. The findings can be utilized in urban LU distribution and assessing their impact on destination choice for walk trips, ultimately informing future urban planning efforts in the context of pedestrian mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines key socio-cultural factors that influence Saudi tourists' decisions to travel abroad. The paper utilises qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with males and females, whose views remain under-researched. It explores how Saudi Arabia's deeply embedded religious and tribal value systems and structures shape tourists' destination choices and travel behaviours. The findings show that social norms and cultures of surveillance, alongside social obligations, act as push factors, decreasing the appeal of domestic tourism. Moreover, data suggest that seeking personal space and freedom, and the ability to engage in norm-breaking practices, are pull factors that make international destinations, especially those with fewer co-nationals, appealing. Practically, the study helps to identify marketing strategies that domestic and international destinations can adopt to target and accommodate Saudi tourists more effectively. Theoretically, the findings help to conceptualise a middle ground between what we call 'extensionist' and 'rejectionist' views of cultural influence and to appreciate the cumulative, intersecting impacts of socio-cultural imperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Destination marketing and branding are key factors that considerably influence the destination choices for both domestic and international visitors. Understanding the dynamics of how tourists select which destination to visit is crucial for destination planners, tourism organizations, and businesses. This is particularly so in the context of domestic tourism, in which it is imperative to study the factors that influence consumer choices and more specifically, the factors that influence domestic destination choices. This paper explores the influence of different information sources when choosing a destination in the context of the domestic tourism market in Bulgaria. The study is based on the data collected from a national representative survey (N = 1,003) which utilizes a two-staged random sample stratified by districts and the residence place type. The findings suggest that the most influential information source for destination choice for domestic visitors is the opinions/suggestions of friends and relatives. This is the case for all age groups, regardless of their gender, marital status, number of children, education levels, income, or place of residence. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the existent literature on domestic tourism and destination marketing. Although particularly focused on the unique dynamics of domestic tourism in Bulgaria, the findings of the study can be useful to tourism stakeholders at destinations with a developed domestic market, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The objective of the study was to indicate social and psychological (inner) motives associated with the desire and needs of travelling to health resorts (push) as well as external motives resulting from destination’s attributes, and explaining the choice of the health tourism establishment (pull) by Polish treatment-seekers divided into two social groups: persons in employment and retired persons. The research hypothesis assumed the two groups of people differ very much in terms of preferences motivating them to participate in health resort tourism, destination choices and services offered by health resort establishments. Methods Of the 258 health resorts, 154 establishments were selected for research purposes taking into account a proportional distribution of health resorts throughout Poland. An authorial questionnaire was developed and it included three questions with multiple answers, each answer being assessed on a 5-point Likert scale. The research adds new insights by analysing motives associated with health resort tourism in terms of benefits sought by visitors. The main and strongest motive for choosing health resort tourism is concern for health. In addition to old age pensioners, it was legitimate to analyse the group of employed respondents as their stays at a health resort are undertaken to regain not only physical fitness but also work motivation. Results The present study has demonstrated that motives and age groups have a significant effect on destination choice. Based on the results, it can be concluded that these groups often have diverse needs, expectations and, as a result, motives for choosing this form of tourism and a given health resort. What follows is a possibility of dividing the visitors to health resorts in terms of push and pull motives. Conclusions The research hypothesis assuming the two groups varied considerably in terms of preferences motivating them to participate in health resort tourism, destination selection and choice of services offered by the health resort establishment has been confirmed. The ramifications of the study’s findings may also be relevant for health resort/spa tourism outside of Poland because healthy lifestyle promotion is a worldwide trend.

Abstract Evacuation destination choice modeling is an integral aspect of evacuation planning. Outputs from such models are required to estimate the clearance times on which evacuation orders are based. The number of evacuees arriving at each destination also informs allocation of resources and shelter planning. Despite its importance, evacuee destination modeling has not received as much attention as identifying who evacuates and when. In this study, we present a new approach to identify evacuees and determine where they go and when using privacy-enhanced smartphone location data. We demonstrate the method using data from four recent U.S. hurricanes affecting multiple geographies (Florence 2018, Michael 2018, Dorian 2019, and Ida 2021). We then build on those results to develop a new machine learning model that predicts the number of evacuees that move between pairs of metropolitan statistical areas. The machine learning model incorporates hurricane characteristics, which have not been thoroughly exploited by existing methods. The model’s predictive power is comprehensively evaluated through a tenfold cross validation, holdout validation using Hurricane Ida (2021), and comparison with the traditional gravity model. Results suggest that the new model substantially outperforms the traditional gravity model across all performance indicators. Analysis of feature importance in the machine learning model indicates that in addition to distance and population, hurricane characteristics are important in evacuee destination choices.

Background: Studies investigating the relationship between travel motivations and destination choice are often unidimensional and hierarchical, presenting limited perspectives on traveller groups with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Aim: This study investigates the variations in travel motives versus destination choices given different income bands. It presents a nuanced profile of income group members based on socio-demographic variables and travel experience. Setting: South African domestic tourism. Method: Threshold regression was applied to determine whether 13 motivations changed toward six destinations given specific income levels. Data from the 2019 South African Social Attitudes Survey (SASAS) were used and the weighted sample represented 42 573 093 South Africans. Results: The threshold regression materialised with between four to six breakpoints for most destinations. Fun dominated as a motive among lower income groups, as opposed to relationship building for higher income groups. Relaxation, as a known core travel motivation, did not lead to varied interest in specific destinations. Apart from motives, race and travel experience produced several significant differences. Conclusion: Income thresholds meaningfully explain variations in the relationship between travel motivations and destination choice. More effective marketing strategies should be built around travellers within overlooked markets. Contribution: The study provides novel empirical evidence that destination choice is non-linear and multifaceted. It applies threshold regression that has not been used in destination choice studies. Finer nuanced segments are identified and suggest an amendment to the travel career pattern (TCP) to accommodate developing and emergent travellers.

Past research has established the application of social media in tourism and hospitality in light of the growing importance of social media in both travelers' decision-making and tourism operations and management. Despite the increasing use of social media marketing as an avenue to inform, educate and answer queries to international patients through articles, blog posts and podcasts, there is little empirical evidence for the effect of social media marketing influencing medical tourists destination choice and revisit intentions. This study addresses these issues by providing empirical support, suggesting that social media communication play crucial role in promoting India as a medical tourist destination. Exploratory qualitative (semi-structured personal interviews) and quantitative (self report survey) methods were employed to test the formulated hypotheses. Results show that social media advertising has a significant influence on media tourists' destination choices and decisions. The results provided strong evidence that social media content has significant impact on medical tourists' cognitive, affective and behavioral attitudes towards Indian medical tourism as destination and revisit intentions. Theoretical and managerial implications of the research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urbanization and population growth have triggered an increase in urban housing demand and rising housing prices, which can influence the migration intention of high-level talents. Much work within the literature has focused more on the migration of the general public. However, antecedents of migration intention and the impact of housing prices on the migration of high-level talents remain unclear. Therefore, based on the push-pull theory, this study investigates the influencing factors of talent migration intention and explores the role of housing prices. This study reveals a complex mechanism underlying migration decisions by using logistic regression models and survey data of high-level talents in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) megalopolis of China. The results indicate that: 1) in high house-price regions, social integration is the primary push factor, and the main factors for retaining talents are the expectation of future work and intimate family relationships; 2) in medium house-price regions, the main factors that attract talents are the current salary level and close family ties; 3) in low house-price regions, living convenience is a determining factor in retaining talents. This study provides a new perspective for talent mobility research and offers valuable inputs for retaining and attracting talents in different economic development regions. Findings are of great significance for formulating talent introduction policies and forming a new pattern of rational spatial docking and effective allocation of human resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the early 1990s, Latvia has experienced high levels of emigration. Still, current dynamics show that net migration has nearly ceased and that a growing share of new immigrant populations are from non-European countries. One of the leading causes of a sizable share of recent immigration is the globalisation of higher education and the mobility of international students. However, in recent decades, international student mobility (ISM) has brought attention to various aspects of higher education, educational export, and migration trends. This has captured the interest of academics and practitioners worldwide. Receiving countries recognise the importance of attracting international students as potential residents, especially as they undergo unfavourable demographic changes. The paper aims to present empirical evidence on ISM in Latvia by assessing international student daily life and study experiences. The focus is on examining the perspective of a host country. The study utilises statistical data, survey data and a case study of the University of Latvia to analyse the link between the origin of the student and their choosing Latvia as a non-traditional destination for quality higher education. The findings indicate that Latvia is an attractive destination for young migrants from diverse geographies, including Europe and Southeast Asia and consistent flows of students from former Soviet countries. One of the main factors that draw international students to Latvia is the affordability of education offered in English, providing a “second chance” for achieving success and specific clusters of degree students from European countries studying medicine.

AbstractChinese international students compose the largest group of full-tuition-paying students globally and are important to hosting destinations both culturally and financially. However, the obstructed international mobility caused by COVID-19 has changed their international applications. As the world gradually resumes its previous mobility level, it is important to comprehend what pull factors can effectively attract students for marketing purposes. This quantitative research re-examines the established pull factors considered and valued by prospective Chinese international students and their parents and discovered that (1) a combination of five to six factors can be sufficient for Chinese students to decide on an overseas destination, (2) cost, global rankings, and Chinese employment prospects have become the most substantial factors in destination choices, (3) opportunities for immigration and overseas employment are no longer significant, and (4) students and parents view international education with different interpretations. The marketing implications are discussed.

AbstractGastronomy emerges as one of the key components of visitors’ holiday experiences and increasingly shapes vacationers’ holiday destination choices. As an integral component of the tourist experience and destinations’ cultural heritage, gastronomy enhances visitors’ local and cultural understanding. Despite the increase in academic studies on gastronomy, there is still a scarcity of research that investigates whether gastronomy determines visitors’ holiday destination choices and the extent to which it does . To bridge this research gap, the current study examines whether gastronomy determines visitors’ holiday destination choice and explores the nexus between gastronomy and holiday destination image by adopting a mixed-methods research approach. We have collected data from 205 respondents, who represent 45 countries from all corners of the globe, using an online survey. Research findings show that for 87% of the respondents, gastronomy is one of the key factors that determine their holiday destination choice. Especially for Asian and African tourists, gastronomy plays a crucial role in determining their holiday destination choice compared to Europeans, Americans, and other tourists. Findings further demonstrate that gastronomy is intertwined with tourist destinations by creating a lasting destination image, complementing visitors’ holidays, and being one of the core destination products. Research findings offer substantial theoretical and practical implications for Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) and catering establishments by highlighting the vitality of gastronomy as a core tourist destinations’ product. The study calls for pertinent tourism stakeholders to work together to develop, market, and manage resilient, competitive, and sustainable gastronomy niche tourism.

Given the negative impact of COVID 19 on tourists' daily emotional well-being and travel intention, this study attempts to investigate how tourists' daily emotional well-being may and to what extent influence their travel motivations and satisfaction in the context of COVID 19. Based on a sample of 511 Macao tourists, who have recently returned from their vacation, this study has identified four motivational dimensions for tourism consumption and destination choice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The tests for the hypotheses proposed in the conceptual model of this study revealed that tourists' push factor of 'escape & relaxation' drove them to pursue a pleasure tour, while the 'safety and convenience' was perceived as the most important pull factor for destination selection. The study empirically confirmed the impact of push factor for tourism consumption on pull factor for destination selection. Moreover, the significant moderating effects of positive affect on the relationships between the push, pull motivations, and tourist satisfaction suggested that less positive emotional well-being in daily life tended to strengthen the relationship between push and pull motivations, and the effects of push and pull motivations on tourist satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evacuation destination choice modeling is an integral aspect of evacuation planning. Outputs from such models are required to estimate the clearance times on which evacuation orders are based. The number of evacuees arriving at each destination also informs allocation of resources and shelter planning. Despite its importance, evacuee destination modeling has not received as much attention as identifying who evacuates and when. In this study, we present a new approach to identify evacuees and determine where they go and when using privacy-enhanced smartphone location data. We demonstrate the method using data from four recent U.S. hurricanes affecting multiple geographies (Florence 2018, Michael 2018, Dorian 2019, and Ida 2021). We then build on those results to develop a new machine learning model that predicts the number of evacuees that move between pairs of metropolitan statistical areas. The machine learning model incorporates hurricane characteristics, which have not been thoroughly exploited by existing methods. The model's predictive power is comprehensively evaluated through a tenfold cross validation, holdout validation using Hurricane Ida (2021), and comparison with the traditional gravity model. Results suggest that the new model substantially outperforms the traditional gravity model across all performance indicators. Analysis of feature importance in the machine learning model indicates that in addition to distance and population, hurricane characteristics are important in evacuee destination choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shared micromobility – the shared use of bicycles, scooters, or other low-speed modes – is an innovative transportation strategy growing across the United States that includes various service models such as docked, dockless, and e-bike service models. This research focuses on understanding how docked bikesharing and dockless e-bikesharing models complement and compete with respect to user travel behaviors. To inform our analysis, we used two datasets from February 2018 of Ford GoBike (docked) and JUMP (dockless electric) bikesharing trips in San Francisco. We employed three methodological approaches: 1) travel behavior analysis, 2) discrete choice analysis with a destination choice model, and 3) geospatial suitability analysis based on the Spatial Temporal Economic Physiological Social (STEPS) to Transportation Equity framework. We found that dockless e-bikesharing trips were longer in distance and duration than docked trips. The average JUMP trip was about a third longer in distance and about twice as long in duration than the average GoBike trip. JUMP users were far less sensitive to estimated total elevation gain than were GoBike users, making trips with total elevation gain about three times larger than those of GoBike users, on average. The JUMP system achieved greater usage rates than GoBike, with 0.8 more daily trips per bike and 2.3 more miles traveled on each bike per day, on average. The destination choice model results suggest that JUMP users traveled to lower-density destinations, and GoBike users were largely traveling to dense employment areas. Bike rack density was a significant positive factor for JUMP users. The location of GoBike docking stations may attract users and/or be well-placed to the destination preferences of users. The STEPS-based bikeability analysis revealed opportunities for the expansion of both bikesharing systems in areas of the city where high-job density and bike facility availability converge with older resident populations.

Travel and tourism are the most promising industries in the world, and information is critical to their success. Social networks represent a significant source of information that can strongly influence tourist plans and the choice of tourist destinations. The use of social networks in tourism is growing rapidly, becoming an important marketing tool for tourism entrepreneurs. Serbia has great potential in the form of cultural tourism destinations, but so far, it has not been investigated how social networks can influence the process of selecting these destinations. Therefore, the goal of the research was to explore the habits of social network usage among tourists visiting cultural tourism destinations in Serbia, as well as to find out which destinations are the most visited. In order to achieve this, a survey was conducted among 400 respondents who live in Serbia and use social networks. The results showed that respondents most often visit cities and old city centers, use social networks several times a day and that photos have the most significant influence when choosing a cultural tourism destination.

This study highlights the significance of destination personality as a determinant that might influence individuals' decision-making process in choosing holiday destinations, as well as the role of electronic word of mouth as an information source for travellers during their decision-making process. Langkawi's designation as a UNESCO Geopark underscores its significance in terms of environmental sustainability, which is a primary focus of this study. Additionally, the study also examines tourist satisfaction and the likelihood of revisiting the destination. The main aim of this research is to examine the association between destination personality and electronic word of mouth in the context of destination selection decision-making. Furthermore, the study also examines the influence of environmental sustainability on individuals' sense of satisfaction. This study aims to examine the mediating role of satisfaction in the context of destination choice and its subsequent impact on revisit intention. The findings of the research indicate a statistically significant association between the personality traits of a destination and the electronic word-of-mouth communicated by individuals during their decision-making process for selecting a destination. Additionally, the findings indicate that satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between destination selection and the desire to engage in future visits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ASEAN authorities took several steps to facilitate firms' dual listing decisions within their region. However, more than three quarters of ASEAN-5 firms chose to list in European markets, which raises the need for further investigation to assess the determinants of destination choice decisions. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the determinants of firms' destination choice decisions. The logistic model has been employed in this study to evaluate the firms' destination choice and uncover the determinants that drive the dual listing destination choice decision between Europe and the US. The study collected data on firms from the ASEAN-5 countries for the period of 2003–2017. The study's findings showed that the higher the home country's trade openness, the lower the number of firms pursuing a dual listing in European markets. Meanwhile, the greater the openness to FDI, the more likely it is that firms will seek to list in European markets. In addition, European markets are considered the main destination for firms characterized by low ownership concentration and high stock volatility. On the other hand, the US markets are the main choice for firms that originated from countries with low trade openness and high FDI openness, as well as for firms that are described as having high ownership concentration and low stock volatility. The current study has provided information to the authorities, investors, and market makers on the relationship between the abovementioned determinants and destination choice decisions, specifically for firms from the ASEAN-5 countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tourism industry has become an important sector that has a substantial influence on the development of a country’s economy. One of the most significant benefits of tourism includes the construction and improvement of local infrastructure. Tremendous opportunities waits for Bangladesh as she has potentials to attract both local and global tourists. However, tourism and destination marketers should utilize different marketing tactics to content and retain existing customers, encourage new and prospective ones. The research was to examine the impact of destination familiarity, destination image, safety and security, travel motivation, social media and reference groups on tourists’ destination choice in the contexts of Bangladesh. The research design of this study was descriptive. The study was used purposive sampling method. Primary and secondary data both were used. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire by survey method from 256 Bangladeshi tourists visiting to tourism destination using a five-point Likert scale. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 25.0 version software was used for analysis the data. It was analysed using descriptive statistics analysis, multicollinearity test, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis revealed that all aspects except travel motivation had a significant and positive influence on destination choice in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is recommended that the research creates awareness among prospective tourists, investigators, academicians, government authorities, tourism businesses, politicians and all the stakeholders. Hence, the research will be aided destination choice advance along with tourism destination products offer to prospect tourists in Bangladesh.

AbstractASEAN authorities took several steps to facilitate firms’ dual listing decisions within their region. However, more than three quarters of ASEAN-5 firms chose to list in European markets, which raises the need for further investigation to assess the determinants of destination choice decisions. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the determinants of firms’ destination choice decisions. The logistic model has been employed in this study to evaluate the firms’ destination choice and uncover the determinants that drive the dual listing destination choice decision between Europe and the US. The study collected data on firms from the ASEAN-5 countries for the period of 2003–2017. The study’s findings showed that the higher the home country’s trade openness, the lower the number of firms pursuing a dual listing in European markets. Meanwhile, the greater the openness to FDI, the more likely it is that firms will seek to list in European markets. In addition, European markets are considered the main destination for firms characterized by low ownership concentration and high stock volatility. On the other hand, the US markets are the main choice for firms that originated from countries with low trade openness and high FDI openness, as well as for firms that are described as having high ownership concentration and low stock volatility. The current study has provided information to the authorities, investors, and market makers on the relationship between the abovementioned determinants and destination choice decisions, specifically for firms from the ASEAN-5 countries.

Traditional methods rarely give a fully understanding of tourists' first impression of destination images and how it affects their subsequent destination choice behaviour. In addition, the first impression response and subsequent destination choice behaviour of tourists by tourist images have not yet been investigated electrophysiologically. Hence event-related potentials (ERPs) were applied to explore the study of the brain activity induced by tourists' first impression and destination choice behaviour when viewing images of different types of tourist destinations. The results found that (1) Tourists' first impression formation is associated with N1, N2 and P2 components produced by brain activity. (2) There are significant differences in the neural mechanism of tourists' first impressions of the aesthetic emotional response to both images of the 'natural' and 'built' environment and images that they 'like' and 'dislike'. (3) P2 and P3 components are associated with tourists' destination choice, with destination 'choice' photos having a higher amplitude than destination 'reject' photos in the P3 component. (4) Good first impressions are positively correlated with destination choice behaviour. This study explores the electrophysiological activity of destination image perception and choice behaviour, and the results can act as an evaluating indicator of destination marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the early 1990s, Latvia has experienced high levels of emigration. Still, current dynamics show that net migration has nearly ceased and that a growing share of new immigrant populations are from non-European countries. One of the leading causes of a sizable share of recent immigration is the globalisation of higher education and the mobility of international students. However, in recent decades, international student mobility (ISM) has brought attention to various aspects of higher education, educational export, and migration trends. This has captured the interest of academics and practitioners worldwide. Receiving countries recognise the importance of attracting international students as potential residents, especially as they undergo unfavourable demographic changes. The paper aims to present empirical evidence on ISM in Latvia by assessing international student daily life and study experiences. The focus is on examining the perspective of a host country. The study utilises statistical data, survey data and a case study of the University of Latvia to analyse the link between the origin of the student and their choosing Latvia as a non-traditional destination for quality higher education. The findings indicate that Latvia is an attractive destination for young migrants from diverse geographies, including Europe and Southeast Asia and consistent flows of students from former Soviet countries. One of the main factors that draw international students to Latvia is the affordability of education offered in English, providing a "second chance" for achieving success and specific clusters of degree students from European countries studying medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this study is to explore post-travel outcomes in language travel. It sought to address the following research objectives: to understand the factors that influenced language travelers' language and destination choice; to understand the main post-travel outcomes for language travelers, from a long-term perspective; and to understand how language travel influences subsequent travel behavior, in particular return intentions and return behavior. Overall, the study findings suggest that participants' intrinsic interest in language and culture drove their language choice, while destination choice was mostly driven by their desire to enhance language skills. The main language travel outcomes included: the improvement of language abilities and subsequent professional and academic outcomes; personal growth; further language travel, including returning or migrating to previous travel destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]