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Disabilities have equal rights as Indonesian citizens, including employment and entrepreneurship rights. The implementation of policies regarding the obligation of institutions to employ people with disabilities is still far from expected. Limited job information and access to education and job training programs are challenges in realizing economic independence for disabled persons. Therefore, it is very important to conduct community service activities aimed at increasing the entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of the Deaf Community through entrepreneurship training in order to reach economic independence. Nine Deaf Friends and four Sign Language Interpreters were involved in this study. The training was carried out by online method for three sessions, once a week. The questionnaires were distributed to assess the participants' level of knowledge before and after training. Each participant was required to develop and present a business plan in order to improve their entrepreneurial abilities. Two expert judges evaluated and provided constructive feedback to all participants. The knowledge of participants before the training was 65.9 + 6.2, and increased by 12.4% to 74.1 + 10.8 after training. Participants were able to develop business proposals by the end of the program, with an average score of 7.6 + 0.7. Entrepreneurship training is able to enhance the entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of the Deaf Friends. This entrepreneurship training is a provision to assist the deaf community in creating and developing businesses that will lead to economic independence in the future.

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu tujuan yang penting dipelajari dalam proses pembelajaran. Banyaknya penggunaan rumus dan tidak terlibatnya peserta didik dalam penemuan konsep matematis menyebabkan rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Untuk itu, dirancang suatu alur pembelajaran untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan pendekatan yang tepat dan sesuai berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) untuk menghasilkan Local Instructional Theory (LIT) khususnya topik aritmetika sosial yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan gabungan design research model Plomp dan Gravemeijer & Cobb. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari peserta didik kelas VII sebanyak 3 orang (evaluasi perorangan), 6 orang (kelompok kecil) dan 32 orang (kelompok besar) di sebuah SMP di Kota Padang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi, lembar validasi ahli, lembar angket, dan soal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LIT topik aritmetika sosial yang dikembangkan sudah valid dilihat dari aspek didaktik (penyajian), materi (isi), kebahasaan dan kegrafikaan (tampilan. Praktis karena alur belajar dapat digunakan oleh peserta didik dalam menemukan sendiri konsep matematika menggunakan tahap informal menuju tahap formal dengan uji kelayakan oleh peserta didik (kelompok kecil) 86,67% dengan kriteria “sangat praktis” dan peserta didik (kelompok besar) 78,27% dengan kriteria “praktis”. Selanjutnya dikatakan efektif karena memberikan dampak positif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik dan rata-rata tes 79,11% dengan kriteria “berhasil” pada tahap field test. Problem solving ability is one of the important goals studied in the learning process. The large use of formulas and the lack of involvement of students in discovering mathematical concepts causes low mathematical problem solving abilities. For this reason, a learning pathway was designed to facilitate problem solving abilities with an appropriate and appropriate approach based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) to produce Local Teaching Theory (LIT), especially social arithmetic topics that are valid, practical and effective. This development research uses the Plomp and Gravemeijer & Cobb combined design research model. The research subjects consisted of 3 class VII students (individual evaluation), 6 people (small group) and 32 people (large group) at a junior high school in Padang City. Research data was collected using observation sheets, expert validation sheets, questionnaires, and problem solving ability test questions. The results of the research show that the LIT topic of social arithmetic that was developed is valid from the didactic (presentation), material (content), linguistic and graphic (display) aspects. It is practical because the learning flow can be used by students in discovering their own mathematical concepts using the informal stage towards the formal with a feasibility test by students (small groups) 86.67% with the criteria "very practical" and students (large groups) 78.27% with the criteria "practical". Furthermore, it is said to be effective because it has a positive impact on mathematical problem solving abilities students and the test average was 79.11% with the criteria "successful" at the field test stage.

Introduction: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a progressive, chronic optic neuropathy characterized by distinct optic nerve atrophy and impairment of the visual field. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of primary open-angle glaucoma patients in the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, in 2013–2015. Methods: This was a descriptive-retrospective study. Samples were patients with a primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) diagnosis in the ophthalmology outpatient clinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, in 2013–2015. Results: There were 88 samples of POAG patients in the ophthalmology outpatient clinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, in 2013–2015. POAG was dominated in the age group 60–69 years old, with a percentage of 37.50%. Males were more dominant than females, with a percentage of 55.70%. Many POAG patients were unemployed, with a percentage of 56.82%. Most patients with POAG did not have a history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, with a percentage of 73.86%. Patients who had a history of hypertension were 11.36%, those with diabetes mellitus were 9.09%, and those who had a history of both hypertension and diabetes mellitus were 5.68%. Conclusion: POAG was a higher risk in older adults, with males being more dominant than females. Most patients did not have a history of either hypertension or diabetes mellitus.

Excessive fructose intake disrupts carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the kidney, resulting in kidney injury. Exercise has proven to improve the renal fatty acid metabolism, but the effect of various exercise intensities in preventing renal disorders is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of various exercise intensities on anthropometric parameters and renal damage in high fructose-induced mice. The subjects were thirty-six male mice (20–30 g), aged 8 weeks were obtained and randomly assigned into 4 groups: HFr-Sed (sedentary), HFr-Ex1 (low-intensity exercise), HFr-Ex2 (moderate-intensity exercise), and HFr-Ex3 (high-intensity exercise). They were fed standard chow and high fructose solution (30%), per-oral, ad libitum for 8 weeks. The exercised groups underwent swimming, with 80% maximum duration/session, 3x/week, for 8 weeks. The result showed that there were significant differences in body weight (p < 0.001), body length (p = 0.001), Lee index (p = 0.020), Body Mass Index (BMI) (p = 0.004), and serum creatinine (SCr) level (p < 0.001). However, the glomerulosclerosis index and interstitial fibrosis degree were not significantly different in all groups. It can be concluded that various intensities of exercise affect the body composition and SCr level, especially moderate-intensity exercise, but do not impact the improvement of the histological kidney in high fructose-induced mice. Keyword: Exercise, healthy lifestyle, obesity, renal histology.

Declined cognitive function is commonly complained during the menopausal transition and continues afterward. Combining different exercises potentially leads to greater improvements in cognitive function, however, evidence of the benefits that accrue with multicomponent exercise training, specifically for postmenopausal women is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term multicomponent exercise training programs on executive function in postmenopausal women. Thirty women (59.8 ± 5.2 years), who were at least 12 months post menopause were allocated into a control (CON) group and an exercise (EX) training group. The EX group underwent a 2-week (five times/week) multicomponent exercise program comprising aerobic, strength, flexibility, and balance exercises for 40-60 min. Executive function was assessed by using the Stroop test and global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline (pre) and after 2 weeks (post) of exercise. The EX group showed improved performance in the Stroop test, with faster inhibition reaction time (ES (g) = 0.76; p = 0.039) and fewer errors across all tasks (color naming: g = 0.8, p = 0.032; word reading: g = 0.88, p = 0.019; inhibition: g = 0.99, p = 0.009; switching: g = 0.93, p = 0.012) following exercise intervention. Additionally, statistical analysis of the MMSE score showed a significant improvement (g = 1.27; p = 0.001). In conclusion, our findings suggest that a short-term multicomponent exercise program improves selective tasks of executive function in postmenopausal women along with global cognitive function. Trial registration ISRCTN13086152.

The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of applying Geogebra-assisted REACT strategy to improve students' critical thinking. The experimental method is the method chosen in this study. The population of this study were all students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, IKIP Siliwangi Bandung, while the sample was students of the Class of 2020 of the Mathematics Education Study Program of 2 classes. In this study, an instrument in the form of a description of 4 items was used to measure critical thinking. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS version 21. Based on the results of data processing, it was concluded that the application of the REACT strategy assisted by GeoGebra was more effective in improving critical thinking skills than conventional learning. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk menelaah keefektifan penerapan strategi REACT berbantuan Geogebra untuk meningkatkan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Metode eksperimen merupakan metode yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Matematika IKIP Siliwangi Bandung, sedangkan sampelnya adalah mahsiswa Angkatan 2020 Prodi Pendidikan Matematika sebanyak 2 kelas . Dalam penelitian ini digunakan instrumen berupa soal uraian sebanyak 4 butir soal yang digunakan dalam mengukur berpikir kritis. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial dengan bantuan SPSS versi 21. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data didapat kesimpulan bahwa penerapan strategi REACT berbantuan Geogebra lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional.

The aims of the study are to know whether communicative games have an impact on teaching speaking skill and describe how communicative games give an influence on speaking skills of students at junior high schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was implemented based on Kurt. L model. The procedures used were planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. It was done into two cycles in each cycle consisted of three meetings. The researcher used collaborative action research with some of the English teachers. In collecting the data, the instruments were interview, observation, questionnaire and test. The test only given to students. The rest of the instruments administered for both teachers and students. The result of the study showed the mean score's pretest reached of 60.42 to 69.02 and post test's score reached up to 78.77. It is important to describe that there is a significant improvement of 13.9% to 41.7% in post test 1 and 83.33% in post test 2. Therefore, the criteria of success had been determined. It is crucial to note that communicative games have contributed a positive impact on teaching learning process. This also implies the communicative games expected to enhance students' enthusiasm and motivation. Clearly, it gives positive improvement on students' active participation, confidence and their fluency in speaking skill. In short it can be described that the strategy of teaching and learning creates good, enjoyable circumstances and reduces the boredom and stress of learning process.

It is believed that organizational culture is one of the primary strategies that drive employee productivity and competitiveness. The abstract of organizational culture is a complex and dynamic phenomenon and challenge in the field of research till the present. The efficacy of human interaction with an organization is closely related to the propagation of organizational culture. In the meantime, cultural entropy is a metric for assessing the process of cultural dissemination in organizations, where a reduced entropy value is preferable. This study aims to modify the entropy culture algorithms that accommodate discrete and continuous vectors. We applied Shanon’s entropy as the fundamental formulation and the Axelrod model as the peer interaction analysis. The proposed measurement of cultural entropy considers not only the desired values but also evaluates the gap with the espoused value of the organization. The modified cultural entropy algorithm can measure the entropy value for discrete and continuous vectors. Measuring cultural entropy using continuous data results in an approach that can better display value heterogeneity within organizations.

Based on Google Trends, searches related to cryptocurrency have significantly increased in the last couple of years. One crucial aid for cryptocurrency traders or investors is the graphical visualization, which shows the time series data of the cryptocurrency prices. However, problems may occur in data visualization, such as visual noise and information loss, which cause perceptual and cognitive errors in data reading. Therefore, good visualization is needed to avoid decision-making mistakes, particularly in the cryptocurrency trade and investment activities. This study aims to investigate the effect of chart design and time interval on the usability of data visualization. The experiments are conducted in two scenarios, i.e., with and without time pressure. The participants recruited in this study were non-experienced and experienced people classified based on their familiarity with cryptocurrency investment/trading. Objective usability testing is performed by eye tracking, while subjective assessment employs the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire. There are four quantitative dependent variables: response time, number of errors, number of fixations, and time to first fixation. The results show that time interval and time pressure significantly affect usability for both groups of respondents. Although chart design does not substantially affect the dependent variables, a candle chart is generally better than a line chart. By comparing all the combinations of chart design and time intervals, this study concluded that combining candle charts with 1-hour or 4-hour time intervals gives the best results for both respondent groups.

Tujuan pada penelitian ini ialah mengembangkan modul geometri analitik berbasis REACT berbantuan geogebra yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif.untuk mahasiswa IKIP Siliwangi. Adapun model yang digunakan dalam pengembangaan yaitu model 4-D (Define, Design, Development, dan Disseminate). Subjek penelitian ini mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika angkatan 2020 berjumlah 18 orang. Alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa angket serta tes yang memuat soal uraian mengenai kemampuan berpikir kritis. Dari hasil pengolahan data didapat kesimpulan bahwa modul pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dikategorikan valid dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 92,06, dikategorikan praktis dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 72,85 dan dikategorikan efektif dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 75,25. Denga demikian modul geometri analitik berbasis REACT berbantuan geogebra sangat tepat digunakan dalam pembelajaran geometri untuk tingkat mahasiswa. The purpose of this study is to develop an analytical geometry module based on REACT with the aid of geogebra that meets the valid, practical and effective criteria for students of IKIP Siliwangi. The model used in the development is a 4-D model (Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate). The subjects of this study were 18 students of Mathematics Education class of 2020. Data collection tools in this study were in the form of questionnaires and tests containing descriptions of critical thinking skills. From the results of data processing, it can be concluded that the learning module developed is categorized as valid with an average value of 92.06, categorized as practical with an average value of 72.85 and categorized as effective with an average value of 75.25. Thus, the REACT-based analytic geometry module with the aid of Geogebra is very appropriate to be used in geometry learning for the student level.

The background of the research in this study is based on the phenomenon of students’ difficulties in learning to write English narrative texts. To improve the writing of narrative texts, teachers need strategies or media so that students are happy and easy to write. Picture chain is one media that aims to improve students’ narrative text writing skills. The research uses Classroom Action Research. Classroom action research is a reflective study conducted by the teacher to get a solution until it can be solved. The research was carried out at SMP plus Mamba’ul Hisan for the 2021/2022 academic year. Data analysis shows significant differences in student learning outcomes in the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II, around 55,5%%, 64.5%, and in the second cycle, 74.75% for the second cycle. It shows that students’ achievement in writing narrative texts increases.

This scoping review aims to obtain clarity and examine relationship between tooth loss mechanisms and cognitive impairment elderly in comprehensive. The study was done despite lack of empirical data that evaluate these factors. This literature review was conducted using digital databases from three different sources: PubMed, Scopus and Wiley. Boolean key of (((cognitive impairment) OR (cognitive impairment)) OR (mild cognitive impairment)) AND (tooth loss)) AND (elderly) act as keywords used in the Pubmed search, while "Mild Cognitive Impairments, Tooth Loss, and Elderly were used in Wiley and Scopus database engines. The study collects English articles in between 2017 to 2022, in human clinical research. Eleven articles were included in the study were selected and divided between examining cognitive impairment and examining tooth loss in the elderly. The number of participants ranged from 91 to 43,026, with ages ranging from 50 to 93 years, with the largest age variation occurring at 60 years and older. All articles use Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), and the Clock Test for subjective cognitive assessment. Within the limitations of this scoping review, it was concluded that there is a correlation between tooth loss and cognitive impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This research aimed to describe the characteristics of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This was a descriptive study to determine the characteristics of POAG in 42 patients recruited from Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from March to June 2018. This study was conducted because the epidemiological data about characteristics of patients with POAG in Surabaya are not available yet. Results: The ratio of male and female patients with POAG was 1:1, the largest age group of patients was 55-64 years old (38.10%), in which a few patients had history of hypertension (45.24%). Regression of visual acuity was the most common symptoms along with clinical sign of the patients (78.57%), and the most common location of POAG was both eyes (69.05%). Furthermore, the mean of visual acuity of patients with POAG was 0.38 ± 0.36, and the mean of intraocular pressure of patients with POAG was 22.22 ± 9.24 mmHg. Conclusion: POAG is generally bilateral disease that can occur in men and women with no differences with the largest age group of 55-64 years old, the most common symptom and clinical sign was regression of visual acuity.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factor which consists of central obesity, hypertriglyceride, low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Its incidence among the office workers is increasing. Uric acid is often associated with cardiovascular disease while risk factor of cardiovascular disease is associated with metabolic syndrome. Objective: To analyze the correlation between metabolic syndrome and uric acid level in office workers. Materials and Methods: This study used medical record of health examination of PT Wijaya Karya Divisi IV male office workers aged of 20 – 60 years. The data taken consisted of abdominal circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL, fasting blood glucose, and uric acid levels. The diagnostic criterion of metabolic syndrome used in this study was National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) that had been modified for Asians. The correlation of metabolic syndrome and serum uric acid level was analyzed by chi-square test with IBM SPSS Statistic 20 application. Results: There was no significant correlation (p=0.598) between metabolic syndrome and uric acid level in male office workers of PT Wijaya Karya Divisi IV. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome and uric acid level among male office workers of PT Wijaya Karya Division IV had no correlation.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan siswa kelas IX SMP di Bandung Barat dalam menyelesaikan soal pada materi statistika.Jenis penelitian inimerupakan penelitian deskriptif, dengan menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal pada materi statistika yang berpedoman pada indikator kesalahan menurut Kastolan.Penelitian dilakukan dengan memberikan tes tertulis dalam bentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah tujuh soal dan angket kuisioner kemudian dianalisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulan bahwa analisis kesalahan yang di hadapi oleh siswa SMP pada materi statistika, berupa persentase data diperoleh Kesalahan Konseptual 37,1% dan Kesalahan Prosedural 35,9%. Adapun hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa mengalami kesalahan konseptual, berupa kesalahan menentukan dan penggunaan rumus yang tidak sesuai serta tidak menuliskan rumus untuk menjawabsuatu masalah. (2) siswa mengalami hambatan dalam menyelesaikan soal karena lupa dengan formula atau rumus yang akan digunakan. Kata kunci:analisis kesalahan, statistika. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the errors in solving statistics problems of 9th grade students of junior high school. This is a descriptive research by analysing and describing the errorindicators in solving statistics problems according to Kastolan. The study was conducted by giving a questionnaire and written test in the form of a description containing seven questions.The study concludes that junior high school students’errors on statisticsproblems in the from of percentage error of the data obtained Conceptual Errors by 37.1% and Procedural Errors 35.9%. The results show that: (1) students have conceptual errors, such as errors defining and using formulas, (2) students get difficulties in solving problems because they forget the formula.

The study discusses teachers’ knowledge and experience using learning media for elementary schools’ forest and land fire disaster mitigation. The results of this study are used as a preliminary investigation to design an Air Pollution Index Simulator (SI-ISPU). The research method used is a survey method. Respondents in this study amounted to 23 teachers in elementary schools. Data collection techniques using closed questionnaire techniques and data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. The results showed that 39.13% of teachers still did not know the learning media that could be used to teach forest and land fire disaster mitigation. Then, 69.57% there are still many teachers who have not taught using learning media for forest and land fire disaster mitigation. The experience of teachers who have developed learning media for forest and land fire disaster mitigation is only 13.04%. Then 78.26% of teachers experienced problems developing learning media for forest and land fire disaster mitigation. Furthermore, 65.22% of teachers have difficulty teaching forest and land fire disaster mitigation. The research concludes that most teachers still experience difficulties and obstacles in developing learning media and teaching about forest and land fire mitigation in elementary schools.

Working memory tasks, such as n-back and arithmetic tasks, are frequently used in studying mental workload. The present study investigated and compared the sensitivity of several physiological measures at three levels of difficulty of n-back and arithmetic tasks. The results showed significant differences in fixation duration and pupil diameter among three task difficulty levels for both n-back and arithmetic tasks. Pupil diameters increase with increasing mental workload, whereas fixation duration decreases. Blink duration and heart rate (HR) were significantly increased as task difficulty increased in the n-back task, while root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) were significantly decreased in the arithmetic task. On the other hand, blink rate and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) were not sensitive enough to assess the differences in task difficulty for both tasks. All significant physiological measures yielded significant differences between low and high task difficulty except for SDNN. Practitioner summary: This study aimed to assess the sensitivity levels of several physiological measures of mental workload in n-back and arithmetic tasks. It showed that pupil diameter was the most sensitive in both tasks. This study also found that most physiological indices are sensitive to an extreme change in task difficulty levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oil and gas industry is a high-risk industry because of the work, meaning that employees in this industry to be very prone to work accidents. Employees who work in isolated locations such as offshore platforms in the long term can experience mental and emotional fatigue, resulting in burnout. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and identifying the influence of mental workload and burnout on safety behavior with different roster systems of 2 weeks and 3 weeks in the oil and gas industry. The researchers used several approaches to analyzing mental workload, burnout, and safety behavior using the PLS-SEM method with SMART PLS software. Based on the results obtained from the comparative analysis of the roster systems, it was concluded that the 2-week roster system is better than the 3-week one. This research can also provide information to companies regarding the level of mental workload, burnout, and their relationship with safety behavior and recommendations programs for companies to minimize the risk of accidents by paying attention to the mental health aspects of their employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly identified in Wuhan, China. By 23rd January 2020, China’s Government made a decision to execute lockdown policy in Wuhan due to the rapid transmission of COVID-19. It is essential to investigate the land surface temperature (LST) dynamics due to changes in level of anthropogenic activities. Therefore, this study aims (1) to investigate mean LST differences between during, i.e., December 2019 to early March 2020, and before the emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan; (2) to conduct spatio-temporal analysis of mean LST with regards to lockdown policy; and (3) to examine mean LST differences for each land cover type. MODIS data consist of MOD11A2 and MCD12Q1 were employed. The results showed that during the emergence of COVID-19 with lockdown policy applied, the mean LST was lower than the mean LST of the past three years on the same dates. Whereas, during the emergence of COVID-19 without lockdown policy applied, the mean LST was relatively higher than the mean LST of the past three years. In addition, the mean LST of built-up areas experienced the most significant differences between during the emergence of COVID-19 with lockdown policy applied in comparison to the average of the past three years.

Immediate loading protocol reduces patient discomfort because it reduces treatment time as fewer surgeries are performed and offers ample flexibility. The effect of immediate implant loading on peri-implant tissue has not been much discussed. Therefore, it is necessary to undertake a review of the immediate implant loading protocol and its relationship to the peri-implant tissue in the aesthetic zone, to review the most recent literature on the results of existing treatments and the criteria of the conditions that allow this type of treatment to be given. Moreover, an ideal soft tissue profile can be achieved with provisional restoration. Patients' satisfaction and adaptation can be achieved faster because provisional restoration can be placed immediately after surgery to preserve the patient's appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial (JMPIS) is the property of Dinasti Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)