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The study investigates the nutritional and medicinal knowledge of wild edible flowers among rural women. It identifies the diverse use of these flowers, their nutritional composition, and their traditional culinary applications. The research also highlights the cultural significance of these flowers. Challenges in awareness and perception highlight the need for education and promotion. The study suggests that sustainable use of these flowers can improve nutrition, health, and well-being in rural communities, honoring local traditions.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) globally. It is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in most high-income countries and there is substantial evidence that it is an epidemic in newly industrialized and many economically developing countries. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial risk reduction strategies beyond glycemic control. Ongoing patient self-management education and support are critical to preventing acute complications and reducing the risk of long-term complications. Genetic factors are responsible for at least some of this. However, as evidenced by the increased incidence of diabetes mellitus in urban populations, the fast epidemiological shift linked to food pattern alterations and decreased physical activity is the main cause of the diabetes mellitus epidemic. Due to population aging, growth, urbanization, a lack of physical exercise, and a high incidence of obesity, there are more persons with DM. Lifestyle factors include eating patterns, exercise routines, alcohol consumption, and smoking. An improvement in these parameters would lead to better adherence to hypoglycemic medications. An epidemiological study on diabetes and pre-diabetes in an urban area with reference to lifestyle modification. A community-based intervention study. It was conducted in an urban area. Personal interviews using a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire were the main technique of data gathering. Detailed information has been taken on the demographic and socio-economic characteristics at both the individual and household levels. All responders provided their willingly given consent. Every second household was visited by systematic random sampling procedure to select 400 respondents. Due to non-response, inaccuracy and/or unreliability of information 50 Cases were not included in the analysis. Four more instances of diabetes were also removed from the research. Finally, analysis was carried out on 346 respondents. All respondents were questioned using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire after giving their informed consent. Significant difference was observed with positive family history of diabetes, obesity, physical activities in male, high calorie intake, stress, chewable tobacco and blood pressure level with pre-diabetes and diabetes. Compared to responders with normal blood glucose levels, pre-diabetics and diabetics showed more positive family histories. Compared to responders with normal blood glucose levels, pre-diabetics and diabetics were more likely to be overweight. With regard to personal habits of the respondents, smoking was associated with more than 1-fold increase risk of obtaining serum glucose level >110 mg/dl as compared to nonsmokers. The current research was an attempt to examine the effect of intervention with reference to life style modification. From the study, it is evident that overall awareness about diabetes has been found low and no awareness has been found about pre-diabetes. The present study also demonstrated that education is the fundamental tool to make the population aware of their health issues. Awareness about pre-diabetes and diabetes, which can make them beneficial for community and nation and so, they can play an innovative role for prevention of diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a prevalent noncommunicable disease worldwide. It ranks among the top causes of mortality in high-income countries and has reached epidemic proportions in newly developing nations.1 Continuous medical care and monitoring is required in Diabetes mellitus along with multi-factorial risk reduction strategies along associated with glycemic control. Due to population aging, growth, urbanization, a lack of physical exercise, and a high incidence of obesity, there are more persons with DM. Lifestyle factors include eating patterns, exercise routines, alcohol consumption, and smoking. An improvement in these parameters would lead to better adherence to hypoglycemic medications. An epidemiological study on diabetes and prediabetes in an urban area with reference to lifestyle modification. An interventional community-based study was conducted in an urban setup. Personal interviews using a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire were the main technique of data gathering. Detailed information has been taken on the demographic and socio-economic characteristics at both the individual and household levels. All responders provided their willingly given consent. Every second household was visited by systematic random sampling procedure to select 400 respondents. Finally, analysis was carried out on 346 respondents. All respondents were questioned using structured a pretested, questionnaire after taking informed consent. Significant difference was observed with positive family history of diabetes, obesity, physical activities in male, high calorie intake, stress, chewable tobacco and blood pressure level with diabetes and pre-diabetes. Compared to responders with normal level of blood glucose, pre diabetics and diabetics individual showed more positive family histories. Compared to responders with normal blood glucose levels, pre-diabetics and diabetics were more likely to be overweight. With regard to personal habits of the respondents, smoking was associated with more than 1-fold increase risk of obtaining serum glucose level >110 mg/dl as compared to non-smokers.The current research was an attempt to examine the effect of intervention with reference to life style modification. From the study, it is evident that overall awareness about diabetes has been found low and no awareness has been found about pre-diabetes. The present study also demonstrated that education is the fundamental tool to make the population aware of their health issues. Awareness about pre-diabetes and diabetes, which can make them beneficial for community and nation and so, they can play an innovative role for prevention of diabetes.

In the majority of India's metropolitan populations, mammary carcinoma has become the commonest type of carcinoma. A non-invasive imaging method called mammary sono-elasto-graphy can reveal information about mammary lesions. Aims & objectives: In the current research, we examined the diagnostic efficacy of elasto-graphy and histopathological findings of mammary lumps. Material and Methods: The current investigation involved Female patients had solid mammary lesions less than 3 cm in size that were visible on sonography. Classified as BI RADS 3 and 4 lesions, these lesions. Results: 252 female patients had U.S.G. elastography, followed by biopsy or surgery, and histopathology reports were available during the research period. Histopathologically, 104 (41.72%) samples were benign, and the remaining 148 (58.73%) were malignant. Age, B.I.R.A.D.S., Elastography Score, and Strain Ratio were all statistically higher in malignant cases than in benign patients (p 0.001). According to Histo-pathological analysis, fibroadenoma (77.03%) accounted for the majority of benign lesions, followed by Abscess (5.41%), sclerosing adenosis (1.35%), benign fibroepithelial lesion (6.76%), and fibrocystic disease (9.46%). Conversely, poorly differentiated invasive carcinoma (5.77%), invasive ductal carcinoma (67.31%), and invasive mucinous carcinoma (13.46%), IL.C. (5.77%), medullary carcinoma (1.92%), papillary carcinoma (1.92%), and phylloid (1.92%) made up the bulk of malignant cases, Excellent results were noticed with the combination of Ultrasound Score + Elastography Score + Strain Ratio, with scores of 96.00%, 96.05%, 96.03%, 94.12%, and 97.33%, respectively, for susceptibility, accuracy, diagnostic accuracy, and N.P.V. and PPV. Conclusion: The ability to distinguish between benign and malignant mammary masses using ultra-sound elasto-graphy, strain elasto-graphy, and ultra-sound score has good susceptibility, accuracy, and diagnostic accuracy.

Physical exercise has been reported to improve many health indices and well-being of individual of any age. Among various physical exercises, running is hugely popular and convenient leisure time activity. Running reduces the risk of respiratory illness. Runners have increased pulmonary/respiratory capacity compared to non-exercising individuals. All parameters of PFT like forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume in three second (FEV3), peak of expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly high in long distance runners and controls.The study included a total of 50 each of long and short distance runners. Additionally, 50 age matched individuals with leisure-time physical activity or activities done for less than 20 minutes or less than 3 times/week were included in the study. The PFT was performed by using Medspiror (Computerized spirometry).All PFT indices like forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume in three second (FEV3), peak of expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly high in long and short distance runners as compared to controls.running being an aerobic exercise has beneficial effect on respiratory system. Both regular long distance and short distance running enhance the pulmonary capabilities of an individual. The study emphasizes on modification of life style from sedentary to regular physical exercise for improving pulmonary functions.

The most prevalent endocrine illnesses worldwide are thyroid disorders. India is also no different. There are thought to be 42 million thyroid ailment sufferers in India, based on projections from numerous research on the condition. to investigate Kidney function in hypo-thyroid individuals at a tertiary medical facility. This cross-sectional investigation was conducted over a one-year period in 100 hypo-thyroid individuals at a Medical College and Hospital in Central India after receiving approval from the institutional ethical committee. The investigation includes similar euthyroid participants in addition to the diagnosed hypo-thyroidism individuals who provided consent. Both groups underwent the kidney function test, which included indicators such as creatinine clearance, creatinine urea, and uric acid, among others. Unpaired t-test statistics were computed using SPSS version 22 software. 49 -16%, 50-59 12%, and >60 10%. Women individuals made up 66% of the total population, with male individuals making up 24%. The Creatinine Clearance was considerably poorer in the hypo-thyroidism individuals compared to controls, measuring 102.08±9.98, 80.74±10.56 (P 0.001), Creatinine -0.82±0.102, 0.726±0.0456 (P 0.001), Urea -28.18±3.18, 21.82±3.01 (P 0.001), and Uric acid - 5.082±0.7614, 3.124±0.158 (P 0.001). According to the results of our investigation, the majority of hypo-thyroid individuals were women and in the age range of 30-39. They also demonstrated significantly abnormal kidney function tests, such as lower creatinine clearance and higher creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels in comparison to euthyroid individuals.