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Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are nowadays a real worldwide scourge because of the high number of victims. In Mali, we have little data related to the characteristics of deaths related to MVAs, hence the interest of this study which aimed to determine the sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of deaths involving a motorcycle received in our forensic medicine unit. Materials and method: This was a prospective, monocentric, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 in the forensic medicine unit of the CHU GT. Were included, all deaths involving a motorcycle received in our unit and accompanied by a requisition. Results: Of 458 MVA deaths, we identified 147 motorcycle deaths, a prevalence of 32.1%. The mean age was 36.5 years with extremes of 1 to 72 years and a sex ratio of 7.65. Students were the most represented, 90 cases (25.18%). The motorcycle mechanism was more frequent 90 cases (61.9%). The month of May and the hours from 19:00 to 05:00 were the most frequent times of occurrence of accidents respectively 37 cases (25.2%) and 76 cases (51.7%). Polytraumatic lesions were found on 83 bodies, i.e. 56.46%. Death was noted on arrival in 80% of cases and none of our bodies had undergone autopsy. Conclusion: Motorcycle accidents on public roads remain a major public health problem in our country.

Nutritional importance of cassava and perspectives as a staple food in Senegal. A review. Cassava is one of the main plants and starchy roots grown in the world. In 2008, the total yield of cassava in West Africa represented 29% of the world production. However, in many West African countries such as Senegal, cassava is not used as a staple food. In fact, the processing techniques used for cassava are poorly known. In addition, the chemical composition of local cassava varieties has not yet been determined, nor has their toxicity been assessed. In 2004, showing an aggressive agricultural policy and revived interest, the Senegalese government launched a major program for intensifying the production of cassava for food security purposes. Cassava is an important source of calories and can be an interesting option for imported rice and wheat. Although many food products made from cassava are well known in the region, their use in the Senegalese diet is rare. Nevertheless, these cassava products are found as delicacies in some restaurants, and are consumed by the Senegalese and many other Africans. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the nutritional value and the dietary possibilities of using cassava as a staple food in Senegal.

The authors in a prospective, analytical study of 8 months from January 1st to August 31st performed at the Ignace Deen Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Conakry University Hospital; assessed the impact of the mode of delivery in breech presentation on maternal and fetal outcome in the African context of Guinea. Breech presentation in mono fetal pregnancy of at least 28 weeks of amenorrhea was the inclusion criterion in this study. Among 1490 deliveries, 144 breech presentations were reviewed, representing a frequency of 9.66%. Half of breech deliveries (49.99%) were premature against only 11.85% in cephalic presentations. The breech was incomplete in 57.64% cases and complete in 42.35%. Caesarean section was performed in 40.97% of cases against 39.54% in cephalic presentation. The indications were often primiparity (30.50%), acute fetal distress (28.81%) and macrosomia (23.72%). Deliveries through the lower route frequently used the maneuver of Bracht (52.50%). 54.16% of the new-born babies had a fetal weight lower than 2500 g at born. Morbid Apgar score at the 1st minute after delivery through the lower route was found in 69.40% of the breech presentation born babies; however, this rate was 32.70% in cephalic presentation (p=0.000). The maternal morbidity concerned essentially perineal lesions (26.53%). The outcome is largely better in case of delivery through the upper route. The caesarean section is an alternative for the improvement of fetal outcome in countries with low resources.

The objectives of this descriptive prospective study were to determine the frequency of intrapartum obstetrical transfers, assess the sociodemographic profile of parturients requiring transfer, describe transfer modalities, and assess maternal and newborn outcomes. Study included all patients requiring intrepartum obstetrical transfer to the Ignace Deen University Hospital Gynecology Obstetrics Clinic in Conakry, Guinea from August 1st, 2009 to July 31st, 2010. Out of 3122 deliveries during the study period, intrapartum transfer was required in 220 cases, i.e. 7.05%. Mean patient age was 23.2 years (range, 14 to 44). The risk for intrapartum transfer was higher among multiparous or nulliparous women (incidence, 8.79%) and adolescents (incidence, 10%). Patients requiring transfer were mainly housewives (60%) and uneducated women (57.27%). Most had had an insufficient number (4) of antenatal examinations (76.36%) and had been examined at peripheral maternity units (62.73%). In 175 cases (79.54%), patients were transferred by taxi. In 191 patients, treatment required surgery including 130 caesarian sections. There were 12 maternal deaths (5.45%) and 45 neonatal deaths out of 242 newborns including 22 twin deliveries (18.59%). Further work is necessary to improve referral and transfer at all levels of the health pyramid.

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most frequent hemorrhagic emergencies encountered in gynecology and obstetrics. The purpose of this 16-month descriptive prospective study at the Ignace Deen Gynecology-Obstetric clinic at Conakry University Hospital in Guinea was to assess diagnostic techniques and therapeutic attitudes regarding ectopic pregnancy in a low-resource setting. The frequency of ectopic pregnancy was 1.4%. Mean patient age was 28.9 years. Ectopic pregnancy was often observed at the second or third pregnancy (47.1%) in women who were giving birth for the second or third time (36.0%) and had a history of sexually transmitted infections (88.2%) or abortions (43.1%). Most women had no schooling (60.8 %), were poor and lived in a marital home (86.3%). Presenting symptoms included the classic triad of amenorrhea (98.0%), abdominopelvic pain (92.2%), and vaginal bleeding (62.7%). Definitive diagnosis was achieved by ultrasound examination in 76.6% of cases and by puncture of the Douglas pouch in 84%. The most frequent site of ectopic pregnancy was the ampulla of the uterine tube (66.9%). Abdominal and ovarian pregnancy was observed in 3 and 4 of the 51 cases respectively. Surgical management was performed in all cases. The most frequent procedure was salpingectomy (80.3%). Proper treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI), start-up of post-abortion care facilities, and provision of information during early consultation at the first signs of pregnancy would help reduce the frequency and improve the prognosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Cette étude descriptive et transversale de 6 ans, allant du 1er Janvier 1999 au 10 Mai 2005 à la clinique de gynécologie obstétrique de l\'hôpital Donka du CHU de Conakry, a fait ressortir le niveau d\'utilisation des méthodes modernes de contraception et a permis d\'élaboré des recommandations pour l\'amélioration de la prévalence de l\'utilisation des contraceptifs en Guinée. Il a été noté que la contraception orale était plus souvent utilisée que les autres méthodes : contraception orale (CO) : 47,93%, contraception progestative injectable de type depoprovera (DMPA) : 38,82% et dispositif intra utérin (DIU) : 13,25%. L\'âge moyen des utilisatrices de ces contraceptifs était de 29,95 ans avec un maximum dans la tranche d\'âge de 30 – 34 ans. 8,27% des utilisatrices de la contraception étaient des adolescentes. Les nullipares et les paucipares choisissaient plus les CO, alors que le DIU était plus utilisé par les multipares (35,26%) et les grandes multipares (26,59%). Le premier choix parmi les méthodes contraceptives était les CO indépendamment du niveau d\'instruction des femmes. Les utilisatrices de contraceptifs étaient le plus souvent mariées. Le principal motif du choix des contraceptifs pour espacer les naissances était économique et le désir de grossesse en était le principal motif d\'abandon. Après un an, le taux de continuité dans le service était de 14,78% pour le CO, 16,37% pour le DMPA et 6,59% pour le DIU. Ce faible taux est très certainement dû au fait que les clientes vont se réapprovisionner dans les centres de santé plus proches de leur domicile et non dans notre clinique. Nous concluons que la formation du personnel sur l\'utilisation des méthodes de contraception de longues durée d\'action telles que le DIU et la promotion de ces méthodes sont les stratégies recommandées pour améliorer l\'acceptabilité de cette méthode compte tenu du rapport coût-efficacité, en vue d\'augmenter la prévalence de l\'utilisation de la contraception en Guinée.In a descriptive and cross sectional study over 6 years (January 1st 1999 to May 10th 2005), in the Donka unit of obstetrics and gynaecology of the university teaching hospital of Conakry in Guinea, the authors assessed the level of modern reversible contraceptive use, and propose recommendations for optimal use. It was noted that oral contraceptives were more frequently used than other methods in the following proportions: oral contraceptives (OC) (47.93%), injectable progestatifs as depo-provera (DMPA) (38.82%), and intra uterine devices (IUD) (13.25%). The peak age group for the contraceptive users was between 30-34 years old, with a mean age of 29.95 years. We also observed that 8.27% of contraceptive users were adolescents. The method of choice for nulliparous and pauciparous women was OC, while the IUD was more commonly used by multiparous (35.26%) and grand multiparous (26.59%). The most chosen contraceptive method was OC, and this was independent of the educational level of the women. Most of the contraceptive users were married women. The main reason for adopting contraception for birth spacing was economic constraints (59.34%), and the desire for a pregnancy was the main reason for abandoning. After one year, the continuation rate in our unit was 14.78% for OC, 16.37% for DMPA and 6.59% for IUD. This low utilisation rate in our unit was certainly due to the fact that our clients were having their supplies from health facilities near their homes. We thus conclude that training of medical staff and the promotion of long-acting methods such as IUD are recommended strategies to improve acceptability, given its low cost-effective ratio, and this will certainly increase contraceptive use in Guinea. Keywords: Oral contraceptive - Depo-provera - Intra uterine device.Clinics in Mother and Child Health Vol. 4 (2) 2007 pp. 803-808

No Abstract.African Journal of Urology Vol. 11(4) 2005: 326-327