Arumatia motenata Ghirotto gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 935C1661-AF01-473F-A0B3-884C968257DF Figs 34–46, 53G–H Diagnosis Females Differs from all other known females of Arumatia Ghirotto gen. nov., except those of A. diamante gen. et sp. nov., by the very elongate and subrectangular head, larger microtrichia on the galea, the presence of an apical sessile spine on the apex of ventral, antero- and posteroventral carinae of the tibiae, the very elongate epiproct, the shorter subgenital plate and the wider gonoplac in lateral view and from all other known species of the genus by the lobed, well-developed praeopercular organ. It also differs from all other species of the genus except A. diamante and A. anyami gen. et sp. nov. by the absence of stronger spiniform setae on the carinae of the tarsi and on the apex of the mid and hind tibiae. It further differs from A. dubia gen. et comb. nov. and A. fulgens gen. et comb. nov. by the shorter median segment in relation to the metanotum, the longer segment VII in relation to VIII, the slightly shorter cerci and the longer gonapophyses VIII. From A. anyami it further differs by the less emarginate posterior margin of tergum X. From A. crassicercata gen. et sp. nov. it further differs by the shorter median segment in relation to the metanotum and the longer cerci. From A. aramatia gen. et sp. nov. it further differs by the shorter median segment in relation to the metanotum, the shorter cerci and the longer gonapophyses VIII. From A. diamante it further differs by the less elongate head, the relatively longer cerci, the shorter epiproct, and paraprocts and the lack of tubercles on tergum VI. Males From Arumatia aramatia gen. et sp. nov., the only other species with known male, it differs by the head with parallel to concave sides slightly widening towards the anterior in dorsal view rather than convex and not widening, the absence of stouter spiniform setae at the posterior region of all carinae of the tibiae, the presence of an apical sessile spine on the apex of the ventral, antero- and posteroventral carinae of the tibiae, tergum IX as long as X, the poculum shortened and round in lateral view, tergum X with lateral flat expansions with thorn pads further extending to the ventral area of the lateral expansions. Eggs The egg of Arumatia motenata gen. et sp. nov. differs from the eggs of all other Arumatia gen. nov. whose eggs are known by the not sinuous, somewhat radial elevations of the capitulum and from eggs of A. diamante gen. et sp. nov. it further differs by the constricted opercular collar, not enlarged. Etymology This species is named after its unusual male-female attaching mechanism consisting of the posterior margin of the tergum X of the male bearing lateral expansions that fold around the well-developed and prominent female praeopercular organ. The name is a Latinized adjective formed by the old Tupi word ‘ motena ’ (= ‘to attach, to fit’) with the Latin suffix ‘-ata’ meaning ‘shaped to attach’. The old Tupi language was spoken by the indigenous Tupi people of Brazil and is now extinct. However, the word survives with the same meaning in the more recently developed Nheengatu language of the TupiGuarani family which is spoken by some peoples of the Amazon. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Minas Gerais, Santana do Riacho, side of highway MG-010, next to Sítio Velozias; 19°16’51.7″ S, 43°34′52.6″ W; 1100–1200 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct. 2021; V.M. Ghirotto leg.; Serra do Cipó plateau, in campo rupestre vegetation; MZUSP V0603. Paratypes BRAZIL • 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MZUSP V0626, V0659, V0662, V0663, V0675 • 6 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; MZUSP V0620 to V0625 • eggs; same collection data as for holotype; MZUSP. Other material BRAZIL • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MZUSP V0660, V0661, V0664. Description Female holotype (MZUSP V0603) MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Body (without cerci) 100.1, head 6.5, antennae 57.0, pronotum 4.5, mesonotum 26.3, metanotum 10.0, median segment 6.7, abdomen (excluding median segment) 57.1, cercus 6.0, profemur 26.5, protibia 27.0, mesofemur 19.5, mesotibia 20.0, metafemur 24.0, metatibia 26.0. COLOUR (Figs 35–37). Entirely yellowish beige with irregular stains of different tones. HEAD (Fig. 35). Very elongate, smooth, with sparse small setae, vertex flat but very gently convex at posterior margin to fit underneath the pronotum. Frontal convexity developed, frontal suture round (Fig. 35A–B). Eyes small and slightly elongate, approximately 0.15 × as long as head. Cervix covering slightly more than half head, cervical sclerites developed, gula bearing setae and covering slightly less than half of cervix (Fig. 35C). Subgena fairly narrow, with posterior projection ca height of middle of eye. Submentum narrow and curved towards posterior, mentum simple, prementum somewhat wide. Glossa elongate, rounded, paraglossa roundly falcate, with round lateral margins and curved inner margins, reaching middle of labrum. Lacinia with three distal teeth, one large medially and two smaller laterally, all prominent, mesal edge bearing bundles of ca 11 large setae from base to sclerotized portion. Galea bearing long setae, slightly elongate, slightly widened before apical portion, apex round. Inner edge of galea apically with dense round tuft of hairy, long, large microtrichia and a few distinct circular granules dorsally and posteriad to this patch. Galealobulus present, small, round and basally fused to galea. Maxillary palpal segments cylindrical and labial slightly widened. Clypeus wide, subrectangular. Labrum strongly notched anteromedially, delimiting two round lobes, asymmetric with right lobe larger. Antennae filiform, reaching at least tergum IV. Scapus ca 2 × as long as wide, slightly compressed dorsoventrally. Pedicellus subglobose, large, slightly more than half as long as scapus (Fig. 35A–B). Antennomeres bear three types of setae as in A. dubia. THORAX (Figs 34, 35A, 36A). Smooth with scattered small and short black setae. Pronotum longer than wide, slightly constricted pre-medially and slightly wider from transverse sulcus towards posterior margin, fairly flat in lateral view. Transverse sulcus of pronotum conspicuous and gently curved towards posterior, longitudinal sulcus conspicuous and distinct. Paranota curved, slightly widened medially, longer than wide, procoxopleurite apically round and ventrally straight (Fig. 35A–B). Probasisternum strongly tapering towards anterior, profurcasternum round (Fig. 35C). Mesothorax widened across all of length except near margins, gently convex in dorsal view (similar to paratype, Fig. 34B). Mesothorax 7 × as long as prothorax. Mesonotum with pair of lateral carinae, mesepisternum lanceolate and regularly widening posteriorly, mesepimeron slightly elongate, medially gently widened, pointing towards posterior and slightly exceeding end of mesothorax (Fig. 36A). Mesocoxopleurite small, elongate, mesofurca Y-shaped. Metathorax and median segment widened across all of length except near margins, gently convex in dorsal view (Fig. 36A). Metathorax continuing pair of lateral carinae of mesonotum, metepisternum long, similar to mesepisternum, metepimeron extremely elongate, extending across entire length of median segment, posteriorly pointing and slightly exceeding end of median segment (Fig. 36A). Metacoxopleurite discrete, slightly elongate, medially gently widened, metafurca T-shaped. Metanotum 1.4 × as long as median segment (Fig. 36A). Median segment continuing pair of thoracic lateral carinae but weaker. LEGS (Figs 34, 36B–F). Slender. Hindlegs extending beyond epiproct, anterior legs around same length as hindlegs, midlegs shorter. Coxae smooth. Profemur with distinct basal curvature. Femora and tibiae with five carinae with few sparse setae among them (Fig. 36B–F). Carinae of profemora and protibiae distinctly keeled, mid and hind femora and tibiae with slightly less prominent keels. Antero- and posteroventral carinae of femora with round apical prominence. Carinae of all femora, tibiae and tarsi bearing row of short stout setae, stouter and spiniform on tibiae. Along all basitarsi and near apex of meso- and metatibiae, ventral, antero- and posteroventral carinae bearing two to three rows of setae. Setae on ventral, antero- and posteroventral carinae of basitarsi stouter and spiniform. Ventral, antero- and posteroventral carinae of tibiae ending as apical spiniform sessile projection parallel to tibiae, pointing towards tarsi (Fig. 36E–F). Pro- and metabasitarsi very elongate, significantly longer than respective following tarsomeres combined, mesobasitarsi as long as respective following tarsomeres combined (Fig. 36B–D). Basitarsi with hairy setae restricted to apical portion on ventro-lateral patches (Fig. 36B, D). Remaining tarsomeres with setae on ventrolateral patches in portions not covered by euplantulae. Tarsomeres I–III with dorsal apical projection. Arolium round and broad, bearing setae dorsally. Pretarsal claws symmetrical, dorsally and outwardly bearing setae. Euplantulae well developed in all tarsomeres, composed of two symmetrical pads separated by median groove in tarsomeres I–IV, and of single flattened lobed pad in tarsomeres V. Euplantulae present only apically at tarsomeres I–II, covering ca half length of tarsomeres III, covering two thirds length of tarsomeres IV and covering almost entire ventral surface of tarsomeres V (Fig. 36B–D). ABDOMEN (Figs 34, 36A, 37). External surface as in thorax but bearing slightly more scattered short setae across entire length. Median segment shorter than metanotum, anteriorly with two parasagittal ovoid stains (Fig. 36A). Combined length of segments II–X as long as combined length of thorax and median segment. Terga II–VIII and sterna II–VII bearing lateral carinae near lateral margins. All segments longer than wide. Segment II shorter than III, segment III of same length as VII and shorter than IV, segments IV–VI of same length, tergum VIII significantly shorter than preceding segment and slightly longer than IX and X, tergum X slightly longer than IX. Tergum II widening towards posterior, tergum III widest, slightly wider than II and IV, terga IV and V about same width, tergum VI wider than preceding segment, with lateral margins convex in dorsal view, tergum VII narrower than all preceding segments, slightly wider than VIII, terga VIII–X around same width or very slightly tapering (Fig. 37A). Tergum X somewhat conical in lateral view (Fig. 37B) and in dorsal view almost parallel-sided but at ¾ the length tapering towards posterior, posterior margin emarginate with round lateral margins (Fig. 37A). Epiproct very prominent, elongate, lingulate in dorsal view, dorsoventrally flattened, visible dorsally and laterally (Fig. 37A–B). Paraprocts elongate, posteriorly fairly acute, straight, bearing setae on posterior margin, laterally bearing cerci (Fig. 37B–C). Cerci extremely elongate, straight, basally narrower fitting paraprocts, pointing to posterior, gradually tapering and slightly shorter than terga IX and X combined (Fig. 37A–C), bearing four types of setae. Praeopercular organ very prominent, lobed, elevated and folded backwards, forming a round dorsoventrally flattened, centrally depressed projection (Fig. 37B–E). Subgenital plate roundly lanceolate, short, almost reaching ⅓ of length of tergum X. Subgenital plate bearing two parasagittal carinae beginning on anterior margin and running half length of segment before becoming flatter and more setose, tapering towards posterior and totally covering gonapophyses and gonoplac (Fig. 37B–C). Gonapophyses and gonoplac flattened, dorsoventrally for gonapophyses VIII, lateroventrally for IX and laterally for gonoplac (Fig. 37F–G). Gonapophyses VIII longer than IX, gonapophysis VIII reaching ca 0.8× length of tergum IX, gonapophysis IX reaching ca 0.6 × length of tergum IX. Gonapophysis VIII linear and gradually tapering, IX conical, tapering towards posterior, with lateral margin concave and inner margin straight (Fig. 37F–G). Gonapophyses IX ventrally folded to fit within gonapophyses VIII. Gonangulum distinctly reduced, flat, not lobed. Gonoplac lorate, somewhat wide in lateral view, bearing setae and slightly longer than gonapophyses VIII (Fig. 37F–G). Other females MEASUREMENTS (in mm, N = 8). Body 92–113.5, head 5.0–5.8, antennae 48.0–58.0, pronotum 3.3–4.1, mesonotum 20.0–25.5, metanotum 7.5–9.9, median segment 4.9–7.3, abdomen (excluding median segment) 44.0–54.7, cercus 4.4–6.0, profemur 21.4–24.7, protibia 20.8–26.0, mesofemur 16.5–19.5, mesotibia 16.3–20.3, metafemur 20.0–23.6, metatibia 20.6–28.7. VARIATION. Some few specimens may present shorter cerci due to regeneration from breaking in previous instars (e.g., Fig. 45C). Some specimens may present more elongate gonapophyses IX, longer than gonoplac (e.g., Fig. 45D). COLOUR (Figs 34, 44–46A). Body generally light to mid green, beige, brown, grey or dark, with or without irregular stains of different tones. Male paratype (MZUSP V0602) MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Body 57.6, head 2.9, antennae at least 48.8, pronotum 2.3, mesonotum 14.0, metanotum 5.6, median segment 4.1, abdomen (excluding median segment) 28.7, cercus 1.1, profemur 19.2, protibia 21.9, mesofemur 15.3, mesotibia 17.0, metafemur 18.8, metatibia 22.1. COLOUR (Figs 38–40, similar to paratype in Fig. 34C). Entirely light to mid brownish with irregular stains of different tones and scattered whitish to creamy granules. HEAD (Fig. 38). Similar to female except: eyes, scapus and pedicel proportionally larger, head widening from posterior margin towards anterior in dorsal view, vertex very gently convex near anterior margin above eyes, frontal suture more acute (Fig. 38A). Paraglossa wider, inner margin straight (Fig. 38E). Galea thinner, more elongate, slightly constricted before apical portion, galealobulus wider, less prominent (Fig. 38C). Labial palpal segments slightly less widened (Fig. 38F). Antennae reaching at least tergum VI, scapus ca 1.7× as long as wide (Fig. 38A). THORAX (Figs 38A–B, F, 39A, similar to paratype in Fig. 34C). Similar to female except: significantly thinner and more elongate than that of female. Meso-, metathorax and median segment with straight lateral margins in dorsal view, not convex (Fig. 39A). Mesothorax ca 6.5 × as long as prothorax. Mesocoxopleurite larger, triangular. Metanotum 1.3× as long as median segment (Fig. 39A). Metafurca Y-shaped. LEGS (Fig. 39B–G, similar to paratype in Fig. 34C). Similar to female except: legs thinner than those of female, basitarsi relatively longer (Fig. 39B, D, G). All setae generally longer than those of female (Fig. 39B–F). Setae over carinae of femora slightly sparser, over carinae of tibiae longer (Fig. 39B, D, G). Carinae of femora, tibiae and tarsi with single row of setae except for ventral carinae of basitarsi with two to three rows. Apical spine in ventral carinae of tibiae less developed, discrete. All basitarsi longer than respective following tarsomeres combined (Fig. 39B, D, G). Ventrolateral hairy setae of tarsomeres denser. Euplantulae slightly shorter, on tarsomeres V rougher (Fig. 39E). ABDOMEN (Figs 39A, 40, 41A–B, similar to paratype in Fig. 34C). Thinner than that of female. Lateral carinae absent in median segment. Segments II–VII slightly constricted medially from anterior to posterior regions. Terga II, III and VI about same length, terga IV and V about same length and slightly longer than III, tergum VII shorter than VI, tergum VIII shorter than preceding segment and slightly longer than IX, terga IX and X about same length. Terga II–V about same width, tergum VI slightly narrower than preceding segment, tergum VII as wide as VI but slightly wider posteriorly, VIII wider than VII, slightly widening towards posterior, IX slightly narrower than VIII, tapering towards posterior, X narrower anteriorly, slightly widened medially with maximum width around as wide as maximum width of VIII and IX (Fig. 40A). Tergum X presenting lateral flat flexing expansions bent downwards from half length to posterior margin, with somewhat acute ventrolateral edges directed posteriad (Fig. 40A–G). Paraprocts totally covered by these expansions. Dorsal posterior margin of tergum X widely v-shaped emarginate (Fig. 40A, F). Ventral area of posterior dorsal margin of tergum X strongly sclerotized, black (Fig. 40C). Thorn pads composed of ca 28–35 strong, inwardly curved sclerotized conical teeth, variable in size, with very few in sclerotized area on ventral surface of posterior dorsal margin of tergum X, with teeth present also anteroventrally (near apex of vomer) and laterally at ventral surface of posterior margin of lateral expansions (Fig. 40C). Tergum VIII and sternum VIII separated, not fused (Fig. 40B, E). Sternum VIII partly fused with sternum IX, border between both sterna shown as asymmetric sulcus curving towards posterior on right side (Fig. 40G). Sternum IX reduced with anterior portion indistinct; only shown as poculum (Fig. 40B, E). Poculum reaching around ¾ length of tergum IX. Due to asymmetry of sulcus, poculum shorter at right side than left side (Fig. 40B, E). Poculum fairly short, round in lateral view, about as long as tall or slightly longer than tall at left side, round in ventral view, posterior margin medially with wide emarginate short curvature towards anterior (Fig. 40G). Cerci slightly shorter than tergum X, inwardly curved and with round apex (Fig. 40A–F). Epiproct small, hidden in dorsal and lateral views (Fig. 40H). Vomer elongate, dorsoventrally flattened, terminal hook elongate and strongly sclerotized, symmetrically bifid near posterior margin with round apices gently curving upwards (Fig. 40C, G–H). GENITALIA (Figs 41, 43, right side). Male genitalia or phallic organ attached ventrally at area corresponding to asymmetric sulcus between sterna VIII and IX (Fig. 41A–B) by large muscles connected to anterior portion of dorsal sclerite (Fig 41C–D). Phallic organ composed of dorsalmost sclerite (dorsal sclerite), wide lobe with fine granulation originating ventrally from dorsal sclerite (longitudinal lobe), and smaller and shorter lobe basally, slightly ventrally, at right side, the (right) basal lobe. Dorsal sclerite very elongate and penetrating inside body cavity (Fig. 43). Anterior portion penetrating body, wider and medially constricted. Short truncate branch at right side pointing towards posterior, connecting dorsal sclerite to body wall at end of anterior portion (Fig. 43C–D). Posterior portion narrower, slender, slightly tapering towards apex and bent to left near apex (Figs 41D, 43A–D). Longitudinal lobe wide, anteriorly to left branching in round lobule pointing towards anterior, with densely finely granulated round lobule dorsally be