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Your search keyword '"Dias, João Victor L"' showing total 6 results
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3. Epidemiological patterns related to deaths caused by visceral leishmaniasis in the southern Amazon region of Brazil.

Author

Carvalho, Amanda G, Kuhn, André Luiz M, Dias, João Victor L, and Luz, João Gabriel G

Subjects
VISCERAL leishmaniasis, DEATH rate, DELAYED diagnosis, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Background We analysed the spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) mortality at the municipality level in an endemic state in the southern Amazon region of Brazil. Individual-level factors associated with death due to VL were also investigated. Methods All VL cases and deaths reported between 2007 and 2018 were included. The global and local bivariate Moran's index assessed the space–time autocorrelation of smoothed triennial VL mortality. Kulldorff's scan statistics investigated spatial and spatiotemporal clusters. A multivariable logistic regression explored sociodemographic, diagnostic and clinical variables associated with death due to VL. Results We observed an overall VL mortality and lethality of 0.14 cases/100 000 inhabitants and 11.2%, respectively. A total of 14% of the municipalities registered at least one VL-related death. In the southeastern mesoregion of the state, we detected high-risk spatial (relative risk [RR] 14.14; p<0.001) and spatiotemporal (RR 15.91; p<0.001) clusters for VL mortality. Bivariate Moran's analysis suggested a high space–time autocorrelation of VL mortality. Death by VL was associated with age ≥48 y (odds ratio [OR] 7.2 [95% confidence interval {CI} 3.4 to 15.3]), displacement for notification (OR 3.3 [95% CI 1.5 to 7.2]) and occurrence of oedema (OR 2.8 [95% CI 1.3 to 6.1]) and bleeding (OR 5.8 [95% CI 2.6 to 12.8]). Conclusions VL mortality has a heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution. The death-related factors suggest late diagnosis as an underlying cause of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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6. Passive case detection for canine visceral leishmaniasis control in urban Brazil:Determinants of population uptake

Author

Luz, João Gabriel G., De Carvalho, Amanda G., Dias, João Victor L., Marciano, Luis Claudio L., De Vlas, Sake J., Fontes, Cor Jesus F., Coffeng, Luc E., Luz, João Gabriel G., De Carvalho, Amanda G., Dias, João Victor L., Marciano, Luis Claudio L., De Vlas, Sake J., Fontes, Cor Jesus F., and Coffeng, Luc E.

Abstract

Background In Brazil, the transmission of Leishmania infantum in urban settings is closely related to infection among dogs, with occasional transmission to humans. Serological screening of dogs for Leishmania spp. infection on requests of their owners (passive case detection) represents a frequent, but little studied, practice within the scope of Brazilian public health. This study identified factors associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) diagnosis-seeking behavior of dog owners in Rondonó polis (236,000 inhabitants), a municipality in Central-Western Brazil where VL is endemic. Also, we evaluated the profile of dog owners and their animals screened on free demand. Methodology/Principal findings Using mixed effects negative binomial regression, we modelled the number of dogs screened for Leishmania infection on free demand per neighborhood from 2011 to 2016 as a function of time-dependent predictors (current or recent canine seropositivity and human VL incidence), distance to the screening site, and demographic variables. We assessed potential delays in the effect of time-dependent predictors on the outcome. Among 12,536 dogs screened for Leishmania infection, 64.2% were tested during serosurveys and 35.8% were tested on free demand. Of these, 63.9% were positive. Uptake of screening under free demand was strongly associated with higher levels of canine seropositivity in the neighborhood (current or recent) and decreasing distance to the screening site. A subsample of dog owners (n = 93) who sought CVL screening between 2016 and 2017 were interviewed in more detail. Owners with better socioeconomic status and dogs with apparent CVL clinical manifestations prevailed among them. Conclusions/Significance To support timely CVL management, passive case detection along with awareness activities aimed at dog owners should be encouraged in endemic areas. Screening sites should be prioritized in accessible zones, as well as in socio-economically disadvantage

Published
2021

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