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This paper reviews recent progress in the study of rare gas films on quasicrystalline surfaces. The adsorption of Xe on the 10-fold surface of decagonal Al-Ni-Co was studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The results of these studies prompted the development of a theoretical model, which successfully reproduced the thermodynamic parameters found in the experiment. Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations for Xe produced structures agreed with the experimental observations of the adsorption structures and provided a deeper insight into the nature of the ordering. A first-order commensurate-incommensurate transition that involves a transition from a quasicrystalline five-fold stucture to a periodic hexagonal structure was discovered and characterized for the Xe monolayer. The five rotational domains of the hexagonal structure observed in the LEED study were shown in the GCMC study to be mediated by pentagonal defects that are entropic in nature, and not by substrate defects. The GCMC study found an absence of any such transition for Kr, Ar and Ne on the same surface. A detailed analysis of this transition led to the conclusion that the formation of the hexagonal layer depends on matching the gas and substrate characteristic lengths., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, to appear in Philos. Mag. (2006)

Thermodynamic properties of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe adsorbed on an Al-Ni-Co quasicrystalline surface (QC) are studied with Grand Canonical Monte Carlo by employing Lennard-Jones interactions with parameter values derived from experiments and traditional combining rules. In all the gas/QC systems, a layer-by-layer film growth is observed at low temperature. The monolayers have regular epitaxial fivefold arrangements which evolve toward sixfold close-packed structures as the pressure is increased. The final states can contain either considerable or negligible amounts of defects. In the latter case, there occurs a structural transition from five to sixfold symmetry which can be described by introducing an order parameter, whose evolution characterizes the transition to be continuous or discontinuous as in the case of Xe/QC (first-order transition with associated latent heat). By simulating fictitious noble gases, we find that the existence of the transition is correlated with the size mismatch between adsorbate and substrate's characteristic lengths. A simple rule is proposed to predict the phenomenon., Comment: 19 pages. 8 figures. (color figures can be seen at http://alpha.mems.duke.edu/wahyu/ or http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0953-8984/19/1/016007/)

Originating from relativistic quantum field theory, Dirac fermions have been recently applied to study various peculiar phenomena in condensed matter physics, including the novel quantum Hall effect in graphene, magnetic field driven metal-insulator-like transition in graphite, superfluid in 3He, and the exotic pseudogap phase of high temperature superconductors. Although Dirac fermions are proposed to play a key role in these systems, so far direct experimental evidence of Dirac fermions has been limited. Here we report the first direct observation of massless Dirac fermions with linear dispersion near the Brillouin zone (BZ) corner H in graphite, coexisting with quasiparticles with parabolic dispersion near another BZ corner K. In addition, we report a large electron pocket which we attribute to defect-induced localized states. Thus, graphite presents a novel system where massless Dirac fermions, quasiparticles with finite effective mass, and defect states all contribute to the low energy electronic dynamics., Comment: Nature Physics, in press

An interaction potential energy between and adsorbate (Xe and Ar) and the 10-fold Al-Ni-Co quasicrystal is computed by summing over all adsorbate-substrate interatomic interactions. The quasicrystal atoms' coordinates are obtained from LEED experiments and the Lennard-Jones parameters of Xe-Al, Xe-Ni and Xe-Co are found using semiempirical combining rules. The resulting potential energy function of position is highly corrugated. Monolayer adsorption of Xe and Ar on the quasicrystal surface is investigated in two cases: 1) in the limit of low coverage (Henry's law regime), and 2) at somewhat larger coverage, when interactions between adatoms are considered through the second virial coefficient, C_{AAS}. A comparison with adsorption on a flat surface indicates that the corrugation enhances the effect on Xe-Xe (Ar-Ar) interactions. The theoretical results for the low coverage adsorption regime are compared to experimental (LEED isobar) data., Comment: 12 pages, 8figures

We have synthesised a thin film of copper with a quasi-periodic structure by the adsorption of copper atoms on the five-fold surface of the icosahedral quasicrystal Al-Pd-Mn at room temperature. The quasi-periodicity of the thin film is manifested in low energy electronic diffraction (LEED) measurements and in the existence of Fibonacci relationships between rows of copper atoms imaged using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). These findings demonstrate the feasibility of single-element quasi-periodic thin film formation using quasicrystals as templates., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figs

The structure of the Al_{70}Pd_{21}Mn_{9} surface has been investigated using high resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). From two large five-fold terraces on the surface in a short decorated Fibonacci sequence, atomically resolved surface images have been obtained. One of these terraces carries a rare local configuration in a form of a ring. The location of the corresponding sequence of terminations in the bulk model M of icosahedral i-AlPdMn based on the three-dimensional tiling T*(2F) of an F-phase has been estimated using this ring configuration and the requirement from the LEED work of Gierer et al. that the average atomic density of the terminations is 0.136 atoms per A^2. A termination contains two atomic plane layers separated by a vertical distance of 0.48 A. The position of the bulk terminations is fixed within the layers of Bergman polytopes in the model M: they are 4.08 A in the direction of the bulk from a surface of the most dense Bergman layers. From the coding windows of the top planes in terminations in M we conclude that a Penrose (P1) tiling is possible on almost all five-fold terraces. The shortest edge of the tiling P1, is either 4.8 A or 7.8 A. The experimentally derived tiling of the surface with the ring configuration has an edge-length of 8.0 +- 0.3 A and hence matches the minimal edge-length expected from the model., Comment: 11 pages LaTeX file (withowt figures), 16 figures; changed content: new results on new STM data, old results valid and included

The nature of the five-fold surface of Al(70)Pd(21)Mn(9) has been investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. From high resolution images of the terraces, a tiling of the surface has been constructed using pentagonal prototiles. This tiling matches the bulk model of Boudard et. al. (J. Phys.: Cond. Matter 4, 10149, (1992)), which allows us to elucidate the atomic nature of the surface. Furthermore, it is consistent with a Penrose tiling T^*((P1)r) obtained from the geometric model based on the three-dimensional tiling T^*(2F). The results provide direct confirmation that the five-fold surface of i-Al-Pd-Mn is a termination of the bulk structure., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures